Product Documentation SAP Business ByDesign February Product Data

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1 Product Documentation Product Data PUBLIC

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3 Table Of Contents 1 Business Background Tax Determination... 5 Tax Determination... 5 Tax Determination Details Tax Determination US Pricing in Customer Relationship Management Working With Serial Numbers Kits Process Flow Materials View Materials Quick Guide Business Background Assigning Statuses to a Material Changing Identified Stock Types Availability Checks Batch Specific Quantity Conversion Tasks Create a Material Template and Create a Material from a Template Assign Purchasing Details to a Material Assign Logistics Details to a Material Assign Supply Planning Details to a Material Assign Availability Confirmation Details to a Material Assign Sales Details to a Material Assign Valuation Details to a Material Add Quantity Conversions to a Material Mass Change of Materials Create Materials Using Microsoft Excel Export Business Data Using Microsoft Excel Services View Quick Guide for Services (in Product Data) Business Background Assigning Statuses to a Service Cost Center Management Accounting Service Cost Allocation to Cost Objects Tasks Create a Service Template and Create a Service from a Template Assign Purchasing Details to a Service Assign Sales Details to a Service Table Of Contents P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 3

4 Assign Valuation Details to a Service Add Quantity Conversions to a Service Mass Change of Services Create Services Using Microsoft Excel Export Business Data Using Microsoft Excel Product Categories View Product Categories Quick Guide Tasks Export Business Data Using Microsoft Excel Entitlements View Entitlements Quick Guide Business Background Entitlements Tasks Create Entitlements Assign Sales Details to an Entitlement Add Quantity Conversions to an Entitlement Assign Valuation Details to an Entitlement Assigning Statuses to an Entitlement Add Entitlement Descriptions in Other Languages Products View Kits Quick Guide Business Background Kits Process Flow Tasks Create a Kit Assign Sales Details to a Kit Assign Valuation Details to a Kit Reports View New Materials Changed Materials New Services Changed Services SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Table Of Contents

5 1 Business Background 1.1 Tax Determination Tax Determination Overview Business ByDesign provides a tax event and uses the resulting figures to generate tax reports. This automatically-created report does not replace the customer or user s own tax appraisal. SAP does not assume liability for the accuracy of the automatically-created report or the tax report that is generated. As a rule, companies are legally required to calculate taxes on products that they buy or sell or services used, and to levy these taxes on their customers. After the products or services have been provided, the taxes must be declared and paid to the relevant tax authorities. The taxes are calculated for business documents such as orders, invoices, credit memos or down payments. Since taxation laws differ in each country, your company is faced with the challenge of calculating the correct tax for a particular business transaction. The system supports you by automatically calculating the tax for the following tax types: Value-Added Tax (VAT) This tax is levied in many countries, especially countries in the European Union. Many regional differences exist. For example, in some countries such as Canada and Australia, value-added tax is levied as "Goods and Services Tax". Sales and Use Tax This tax is levied, for example, in the United States, and in a similar form in Canada (Provincial Sales Tax). Withholding Tax This tax is levied in different forms in different countries. The system is able to calculate withholding tax for the United States. The system also offers a reporting tool that gives you effective control over your mandatory declaration of these taxes. Prerequisites You have created the Master Data for Tax Determination [page 10]. Defining the Solution Scope for Taxation The following activities are necessary to define the solution scope for taxation: The solution scope for taxation is specified in the system in Business Configuration under Built-In Services and Support. The Tax Calculation business topic is located in the Business Environment business package. If you are also required to have taxes calculated in your quotes, activate the relevant option in Scoping. In the Questions step, navigate to the Sales business area, and choose New Business > Quotes with Tax Calculation. Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 5

6 Elements The system collects the relevant data from the available business documents to correctly calculate the taxes applicable. As the user, you have to configure your system with the information that is required for your business cases. A lot of standard business cases are pre-configured by SAP, but in some cases you have to enhance your system. For more detailed information about tax determination and how the system merges and classifies data, see Elements for Tax Determination [page 13]. Tax Number Determination In the following cases the tax number is determined again: Tax date has been changed Buyer, seller or tax reporting group has been changed Tax number is wrong Tax country has been changed Value-Added Tax (VAT) Numbers For Export Deliveries To obtain tax exemption for intra-community deliveries, you need to record, among other things, the service recipient s VAT number to be used for the receipt of goods. If several VAT numbers are assigned to a customer master record, the system selects the VAT number according to the following criteria: The VAT number of the country in which the ship-to party is located. If the VAT number of the ship-to country is not entered in the master data, the system searches for other numbers entered in the master data and selects a number that is different from the number of the country from which the goods are sent. If there is only one VAT number for the country where the transport of goods starts, or if there is no number at all, the prerequisites for an intra-community delivery have not been fulfilled, and the delivery must be taxed at the relevant tax rate. If a VAT number is entered in the master data, it will be automatically displayed on the invoice. You can overwrite it on the Taxes tab in the document. However, you can only overwrite using those numbers that have been previously entered in the account master record. For Other Services, Performed Abroad According to the EU directive 2008/8/EG and country-specific tax legislation, there is a new regulation, particularly for B2B commissions relating to the place in which services are performed. Generally, the place in which services are provided serves as the 'service recipient address. If the country where the 'Ship-To' address is located differs from the address of the account, then the 'Ship-To' location is understood to be the location where the service is performed. This directly influences how taxes are determined, in that the Ship-To' address is used to determine where the services will be taxed. For example, 3a (2) UStG in Germany can be consulted. If this is not correct for each and every case, then applicable tax data must be manually adapted, mainly the tax country and the tax code SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

7 In order to distinguish between companies and individuals as the service recipient, the system (tax decision tree) checks whether a VAT number has been entered in the account master data. If the VAT number is missing, the business case is regarded as a service that was performed for an individual. Therefore, it is important to remember to include the VAT number when entering the account master data. Reverse Charge Mechanism Reverse charge mechanism means that, in certain cases, the customer is required by law to be liable for VAT, and to pay it to the relevant tax authority. In this case, the entrepreneur issues an invoice without VAT, but with a notification indicating that the tax debt is being transferred to the customer. The customer must calculate and pay the VAT to the tax authority, and can claim input tax deduction at the same time as usual. The transfer of tax debt to the service recipient is called reverse charge mechanism. For more information, see Tax Determination with Reverse Charge Mechanism [page 19]. Third-Party Order Processing Taxation In typical sales scenarios, transactions take place directly between a company and an account, both business partners are located in the same country, and the company produces and delivers a good or service directly to the account. In such scenarios, there is no need for special tax regulations. However, in the event that one or more parameters of this business scenario differ from the typical situation and, for example, account address and shipto addresses are not the same, special regulations apply, depending on how complex the scenarios are. For more information, see Third-Party Order Processing and Chain Transaction Taxation [page 21]. Relevant Date for the VAT Tax Return The date used for the VAT tax return depends on the business document. For example, in the supplier invoice the Receipt Date is used, and in the customer invoice the Posting Date is used. But if you want, you can also enter a Tax Due Date. For more information on the tax due date, see Tax Due Date of Tax Items. Entering or Changing Tax Codes in Journal Entry Vouchers You can enter or change tax codes in journal entry vouchers as follows: Sales Orders Go to the Sales Orders work center and choose New Sales Order or an existing sales order for editing. Choose View All. Go to the Items tab page and from there to the Taxes tab page. Choose an appropriate entry for the order item selected under Tax Code. Invoices or Credit Memos Go to the Customer Invoicing work center and choose New Manual Invoice or an existing invoice or credit memo for editing. Go to the Items tab page and from there to the Taxes tab page. Choose an appropriate entry for the invoice item selected under Tax Code. Purchase Order Go to the Purchase Requests and Orders work center and choose New Purchase Order or an existing purchase order for editing. Choose View All Items. In the Basic Data tab page, select under Taxes the appropriate tax code for the selected purchase order item. Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 7

8 Supplier Invoice Go to the Supplier Invoice work center and choose New Invoice Without Purchase Order or an existing invoice for editing. In the Overview tab page, select the appropriate tax code for the selected invoice item. Tax Decision Tree The system uses a tax decision tree to correctly determine a tax event. The tax decision tree consists of a sequence of logically connected questions that the system determines as being true or false by comparing them with data entered in the documents. In this way, the facts are narrowed down until the tax event and the correct taxation method has been determined. The questions are answered by comparing data entered in the document, and the underlying process can be represented as a process flow. The questions in the following example are used to determine the tax event Export to Third Country for a company based in Germany. A tax decision tree is assigned to each country SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

9 Process Flow The process flow for tax determination describes a sample of how the tax event is determined for an invoice: 1. The sales representative creates and saves a manual invoice. 2. After the required data is entered, the system transfers tax-relevant data to tax determination, such as: Location of supplier and buyer Tax attributes of the business partner One of these attributes is the tax exemption reason that depends on certain country-specific laws. Tax attributes of products Tax rate type and tax exemption reason can be different for each country, region, and tax type. In the United States, for example, services are not normally subject to tax, so the tax exemption reason should be assigned in the product master data. Products are normally taxed at the standard tax rate and no other entries are required. 3. The system uses the tax-relevant data to activate tax determination, and the data is processed automatically in a tax decision tree. 4. The system calculates tax on the basis of the following components: Tax event Tax types Tax rate types such as standard value-added tax rate Tax rate as a percentage Taxable amount 5. The system includes the result of the tax determination and calculation in the sales order. The calculated tax is displayed on the Pricing tab and on the Taxes tab of the Items tab. Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 9

10 All tax details determined by the system are displayed on the Tax tab. Examples are: Tax country Tax code Tax jurisdiction code in case the tax country is United States Tax region in case the tax country is Canada Tax date A table with one row for each tax type that lists the following: Tax base Tax rate type Tax rate Tax exemption reason, if necessary Tax amount Deductibility type (only for purchasing documents) Country-specific parameters (if necessary), such as indicators for deferred tax (in France or India), tax jurisdiction code (United States), or region (Canada). However, not all tax-relevant transactions can be recognized automatically and correctly by the system. Therefore, we recommend that you overwrite the data manually in the document, in case the system does not determine the correct tax country or the correct tax code for the transaction. If you have to change the tax country in the document manually, the input help displays only the countries for which a tax authority is created and tax arrangements are maintained for your company. However, you can also enter another tax country in which sales need to be reported for tax purposes. The system then displays the specific tax codes for this country. Remember that you need to create the tax authority for this country. You then need to trigger tax determination again in the document so that the correct tax number of your company is found for the transaction. For countries that have multiple tax rates, you can enter the tax criteria manually. Note that if tax-relevant data such as the country of the service location or of the goods recipient has been changed in a follow-up document of a business transaction, the Tax Country and Tax Code is not redetermined. This affects, for example, changes in the address data in a service confirmation that is created for a service order, or in a project invoice that is created for a sales order. See Also Party Processing Tax Determination US [page 24] (This document covers topics specific for the United States, such as delivery taxation in Texas and California, Nexus.) Tax Determination Details Master Data for Tax Determination To ensure that the determination within your sales processes is running properly, you have created the following master data: SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

11 Tax Authority In the Tax Management work center, you have created a master data record for each tax authority that is responsible for your company. Company Tax Arrangements You have assigned a company tax arrangement in the master data record for the tax authority. You enter your tax number for the tax type to confirm that your company is registered and that you have declared tax to the relevant tax authority. Tax Exemption Certificate in Account Master Data In countries such as the United States, France, and Italy, accounts such as non-profit organizations can be exempt from tax payments for a certain period of time. For these accounts, you define the appropriate exemption certificate number and the validity date in the account master data. The Tax Exemption Certificates are taken into account in sales transactions and are required to determine both the correct customer payment, and the proper payment to the appropriate tax authority. If the tax exemption certificate is valid on the tax date, no tax is calculated. The exemption certificate number is automatically entered in the payment document. You should enter a reason for the tax exemption in the account master data. Tax Jurisdiction Code in Account Master Data for the United States You have created a tax jurisdiction in the account master data. Company Company data, such as the company, address, and the tax jurisdiction code is entered in organizational management. Products If you do not enter any other information in a product master record, the product is taxed at a standard tax rate. If you want to change the standard tax rate for certain countries, you must assign the tax rate type and, if necessary, a tax exemption reason to the relevant product in the master data. Services For taxes, you must specify which types of services you offer, and how these are to be taxed, or who is liable for tax for a particular business transaction, so that the system determines the relevant tax code. Enter your services in the Services view of the Product and Service Portfolio work center under the Service Description tab, and if necessary, assign them to the relevant tax exemption reason on the Taxes tab, or specify whether the service is taxable at the location where the service is to be provided: Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 11

12 If a repair part is either implemented or installed, then the tax implication can either be a work delivery or work performance. The system can't automatically determine these cases. In each individual instance, verify the applicable tax code on the Taxes tab for the service and part item. Specifics for European Union Certain services are always taxed at the head office of the company that provides the services, even if these services are provided for an account located outside the borders where the head office is located. In the master data records of such services, ensure that nothing has been entered in the Tax Exemption Reason field on the Taxes tab, and that the Taxable at Destination indicator has not been set. According to Directive 2008/8/EC and its implementation under the Annual Tax Act 2009 from January 1, 2010 onwards, this is the basic rule for services that are provided for a private end consumer located outside the borders where the head office is located. Certain services must always be taxed at the location where the service is provided, such as construction works on buildings. For such services, set the Taxable at Destination indicator on the Taxes tab. Here, the system checks where the service is provided. The transaction is not taxable domestically if the location at which the service is provided is abroad. If this indicator is selected, then the address of the service location is used to determine where the services will be taxed. In such a case, the company providing the goods or services must tax the business transaction in the receiving country and also be registered there. According to Directive 2008/8/EC and its implementation under the Annual Tax Act 2009 from January 1, 2010 onwards. An example of this is work performed on movable tangible property for a private end consumer abroad. To ensure that automatic tax determination works correctly, you must set the indicators and enter the tax exemption reasons for all relevant countries. It is especially necessary to maintain the Taxable at Destination indicator for both the issuing and receiving countries. In comparison, if goods or services are taxable at destination, it is the seller's responsibility to calculate and pay the tax in the receiving country. Therefore, it is not enough to maintain the tax details just for the issuing country; you also need to maintain them for the receiving countries. However, certain circumstances may lead to non-taxation or double taxation. Non-taxation occurs if a service is indicated as Taxable at Destination in the issuing country but not in the receiving country. Double taxation occurs if a service is indicated as Taxable at Destination in the receiving country but not in the issuing country. These legislative inaccuracies also exist in reality. However, the system does not support double taxation. For services that are not taxable in the issuing country (namely those indicated Taxable at Destination), the settings for the receiving countries should be checked carefully to avoid accidentally leading to non-taxation. The Taxable at Destination indicator is only utilized in CRM-related transactions, and not in SRM-related transactions. Other services such as those provided by a company located abroad or specific work deliveries are taxed according to the reverse charge mechanism. For more information, see Reverse Charge Mechanism [page 19]. From the seller's perspective, the transaction must be reported, but the tax debt transfers to the account. If this tax exemption reason is entered in the services master record, the system applies the reverse charge rule for a corresponding sales transaction. The note referring to the reversal of tax debt (reverse charge mechanism) is printed on the invoice. The relevant tax exemption reason must be entered for the service on the Taxes tab. According to Directive 2008/8/EC and its implementation under the Annual Tax Act 2009 from January 1, 2010 onwards, this is the basic rule for services that are provided for a company abroad. This basic rule is determined automatically, if the head office of the company providing the goods or services is in any EU member state. In the case of domestic accounts, however, the system does not automatically recognize the reverse charge rule. Where applicable, the user must manually overwrite the tax code in the sales document ( 13b (1) No. 2-5). For this you can create your own tax code and legal phrase in business SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

13 configuration. For more information, see Tax on Goods and Services Configuration Guide [page 22]. The corresponding tax event and tax exemption reason code are already available in the system. Specifics for the United States of America The service location is always used for tax determination for services in the USA. The Taxable at Destination indicator is not relevant for the USA. See Also Tax on Goods and Services Configuration Guide [page 22] Tax Determination [page 5] Elements of Tax Determination Overview The following sections provide you with an overview of the tax determination elements and their relations: Tax Type and Tax Rate Type Every tax type in a tax event has a tax rate type and a tax rate that is applied to the tax base (in most cases the net amount) to calculate the tax amount for the relevant tax type. Tax rates are represented in the system by tax rate types in the example of Germany, the tax rate of 19% for valueadded tax corresponds to the Standard tax rate type. This makes it easy to represent time-dependencies. If the tax rate for this tax type changes because of a new law, you can define a new tax rate in the system for a specific validity date without having to create a new tax code. Country Specifics India and Canada For tax jurisdictions such as India and Canada, where more than one tax type exists, the following fields can be used: Tax Rate Type and Tax Exemption Reason, as well as Deductibility Type for purchasing documents. Germany The Standard tax rate type is calculated for the Value-Added Tax tax type on the basis of the net amount. This means that if the tax rate is 19%, a tax amount of EUR 19 is calculated for a net amount of EUR 100. Tax Rate Country Specifics Canada and United States For Canada, tax rates are preconfigured for each province and territory in Canada, and for each state in the United States. However, before using the system, you must check whether these tax rates are still valid according to any recent legislative amendments. Tax Event In the tax event, the system determines the method of taxation to be used for the business transaction according to: Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 13

14 Which tax types are applicable Whether the business transaction is taxable or not Whether the business transaction is subject to tax or not Which tax rate is applicable For transnational business transactions, the system uses a tax decision tree for both the ship-from country and the ship-to country to determine the taxation method used in the tax event for each country. The relevant decision trees are determined by the tax countries entered in the document, in particular by the countries of the supplier and the goods recipient. Other tax jurisdictions can be the: Location of the business residence of the seller who provides a service Location of the business residence of the buyer for whom a service is provided Location where the service is to be provided Implications of the tax event for other areas: To calculate tax, the tax event takes the following into account: Due tax type Procedure for tax calculation Tax exemption reasons, if required To determine tax, the tax event specifies the following: Allocation criteria for the tax reports The field in which the tax is displayed on the tax return: You can assign tax events to the fields of the tax return form for the relevant country. For more information see, Tax Returns for Goods and Services. In accounting, the tax event controls account determination. There are, of course, more tax events in the system for other common business transactions. However, you cannot create your own tax events. Country Specifics Germany Examples of tax events 10: Domestic Acquisition ( 15 I 1 Nr. 1) 100: Intra-Community Acquisition 310: Domestic Supply Of Goods And Services 400: Intra-Community Supply ( 4 Nr. 1b UStG) In accordance with Directive 2008/8/EC and its implementation under the Annual Tax Act 2009, intracommunity service provision must also be declared in VAT tax returns as of January 1, For this purpose, new fields have been introduced in the VAT tax return: fields 21, 46, and 47. To use these fields for services provided in a foreign member state of the European Union, there are two new tax events for Germany and all other EU member valid as of January 1, Sale 455 "EU Sale of Services, Reverse Charge" 155 "EU Purchase of Services, Reverse Charge" Errors may occur, if you use these tax events with an earlier tax date. Deductibility Type In addition to the tax rate, the percentage rate at which input tax is deductible plays a part. Depending on the type of company or the type of outgoing sales volume in which a certain incoming sales volume is incorporated, input tax can be deducted at a rate of 100%, 0% or a rate determined specifically for the company. For this purpose, you SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

15 define deductibility types that represent the percentage rate. The two most frequently used deductibility types are Fully Deductible (100%) and Not Deductible (0%). Tax Code The appropriate method for calculating tax is determined by a combination of tax type, tax event, and tax rate type, and by the deductibility type for the input tax of the sales volume. You can define tax codes in the system to avoid errors when these parameters are entered manually. Each tax code represents a unique combination of the following parameters: In sales Tax event Tax types Related tax rate types In purchasing Tax event Tax types Related tax rate types Deductibility types This makes it possible to define all parameters represented by a tax code in the document by selecting a tax code, without having to enter each parameter individually. Taxes can be calculated automatically only for those products in the product master. This is why you may sometimes have to enter the tax code manually, especially in purchasing. Alternatively, you may enter a product category so that the tax rate type for this category can be used, thus enabling automatic tax calculation. The system uses one unique tax code for a tax event only for those countries that have one tax type. Country Specifics Canada and India In both countries several tax types can be taken into consideration for a tax event. India, for example, uses multiple tax types, and each tax type has multiple tax rate types and deductibility types. The number of possible combinations resulting from this makes it impossible to work efficiently with tax codes. In these countries, the tax code corresponds to the tax event. Germany In accordance to Directive 2008/8/EC and its implementation under the Annual Tax Act 2009, intracommunity service provision must also be declared in VAT tax returns as of January 1, For this purpose, new fields have been introduced in the VAT tax return: fields 21, 46, and 47. To use these fields for services provided in a foreign member state of the European Union, there are two new tax codes for Germany and all other EU member valid as of January 1, 2010: Purchasing: 430 "EU Purchase of Services, Reverse Charge, standard rate, fully deductible Sale: 530 "EU Sale of Services, Reverse Charge" Exception for Italy: There the tax code for sales is: 540 "EU Sale of Services, Reverse Charge" Exempted Region In many countries there are regions and areas that have special status under tax law. For example, Büsingen and Helgoland are exempt from German value-added tax. In business configuration you can define the regions that are exempt from national tax regulations, or have a special status. Such regions can correspond to political regions, communities, or tax-free zones and are derived directly from the postal code. Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 15

16 Tax Jurisdiction Code Tax jurisdiction levels are taken into account in tax calculation when taxes are in states, counties, and cities, but not on national levels of government. The different levels in a tax jurisdiction code represent different administrative levels. Fine-tuning this activity ensures that the system uses all administrative levels to determine the tax rate for each authority. In some countries, however, other government levels have tax jurisdiction. In these cases, you can adapt them. Define tax rates after you have maintained jurisdiction code. Country Specifics United States In the United States, taxes are collected not only by states, but also by counties and cities; for domestic sales, taxation therefore depends on the state, county, and city in which your company and the goods recipient are located. For this purpose, you can enter a tax jurisdiction code in the master data of the company and the customer. The tax jurisdiction code represents the location of your company, your customer, or your supplier in a hierarchical structure, so that one country can have multiple states that, in turn, can have multiple cities and municipalities. The tax jurisdiction code is structured as follows: 2 alphanumeric characters for the first level; this is the standard state code 6 alphanumeric characters for the second level; for example, the county 6 alphanumeric characters for the third level; for example, the city 1 alphanumeric character for the fourth level, for example, the location or the area It is not necessary to use all four levels. The number of levels used depends on the state. This function is currently used only in the United States. For the United States, tax jurisdiction codes have been preconfigured in the system on U.S. state level. You must enter further levels as required. If a tax jurisdiction code has not been assigned to a customer, the system uses the U.S. state in the address as a tax jurisdiction code. Example Tax Jurisdiction Code - Description Tax Jurisdiction Code Taxation in % New York State NY 4% Albany County NYAL0181 4% Allegany County NYAL0221 4,5% In the NYAL0181 tax jurisdiction code, NY stands for New York State, AL0181 stands for Albany County in New York State. For Albany County, two levels of the tax jurisdiction code are taken into consideration, and 8% (4% + 4%) of tax is levied. For Allegany County, 8.5% (4% + 4.5%) tax is levied. Canada Other countries such as Canada have tax rates that depend on regions. This is because Canada is divided into provinces and territories. In these cases, use the Region field. Tax Exemption Tax exemption is an exemption from all or certain taxes that are levied in a country. In most cases, the basis for tax exemption is determined by legal requirements. In some cases, these may apply without having to account for them SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

17 To ensure transparency, many legislators require that the reason for tax exemption be specified on relevant documents such as invoices. Tax exemption reasons are provided in the system, cannot be changed, and are assigned to a tax type. A customer's direct payment and exempt organization certificates are applicable until they are revoked. The tax exemption certificates are determined automatically in a sales document. You can assign relevant tax exemption reasons to product and customer master data by selecting the relevant entry in the Tax Exemption Reason fields. For more information, see Tax Exemption Certificate Processing [page 17]. Country Specifics United States For the United States, several tax exemption certificate types are available: Direct Payment Certificate - continuous Exempt Organization Certificate - continuous Exempt Use Certificate - continuous Exempt Use Certificate - single Resale Certificate - continuous Resale Certificate - single The state must be added also. Only the following tax exemption certificate types can be found automatically, since only in these cases is it certain that the exemption certificates always apply: Direct Payment Certificate continuous Exempt Organization Certificate continuous For all the other certificate types, you need the information from the customer whether the certificate can be used for the current transaction. You must then assign the types manually in a sales transaction. Legal Text Information Legal text information is a textual explanation of the exemption reasons printed on invoices. These texts explain why certain transactions are exempt from tax, thus allowing you to meet legal requirements. The legal text information is printed on a customer invoice, if, for example, a tax exemption is applicable. However, if the texts are not available in the required language, the system uses the English text for the invoice Tax Exemption Certificate Processing Overview A tax exemption is an exemption from all or certain taxes of a state or nation in which part of the taxes that would normally be collected from an individual or an organization are instead foregone. A tax exemption certificate is a certificate sent by a customer to a company claiming exemption from tax on sales. In this system, the tax exemption certificate: Indicates the period of time during which the tax exemptions can apply Indicates if the tax exemptions apply to a single sales transaction or multiple sales transactions Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 17

18 Indicates if the exempted (cumulated) amount exceeds a maximum amount when the exemptions apply in multiple sales transactions This applies to the Tax Exemption Certificates for France only. Indicates the reason for tax exemption In France, a customer can apply to the authorities for exemption from VAT. If the exemption is granted, the customer receives a letter of confirmation including a license number and the period for which he is exempt from VAT. The customer sends this letter to a vendor, who must then take the tax exemption into account when invoicing the customer. The vendor may not include any tax in customer invoices for the validity period of the tax exemption license. Prerequisites Your customer has registered with the tax authority for tax exemption and received a tax exemption certificate from them. This certificate has been assigned to the account. Process Flow The following steps explain the typical process flow for the Customer Tax Exemption Certificate in customer invoicing. 1. When you create a sales/service order or customer invoice, the system searches for existing tax exemption certificates and automatically assigns a valid certificate. You have an option of rejecting the proposal and prevent the exemption to apply at header/line item level. You can manually assign an existing certificate and the relevant exemption reason at header/line item level. You can see a set of elements (fields, links, push button, check box) related to tax exemption certificates when you create or view a sales/service order or a customer invoice. These elements are only visible if the seller company is located in the US or France. 2. You can also create a new certificate if it does not exist and assign it immediately to the sales/invoicing document. The system allows you to enter the relevant tax exemption information sent by the customer directly in the business document. For more information, see, Create Tax Exemption Certificates 3. The certificate records and shows the sum of the amounts which were exempted. The amount exempted by each certificate during the invoicing process is cumulated on the corresponding certificate. In France, you can set a maximum tax amount that cannot be exceeded. The system prevents the cumulated amount to exceed the limit during the invoice creation process if a certificate only allows a limited amount to be exempted. The cancellation of invoices including certificates reverts the accumulation performed previously. In the Account Management work center, under the Reports view, you can monitor in real time the tax exemption certificates created in the system and sent to the company SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

19 Tax Determination with Reverse Charge Mechanism Overview Value-added tax (VAT) is charged revenue from the sale of goods and services. This means that an entrepreneur issues a customer (as the service recipient) with an invoice that includes VAT, and pays the VAT to the responsible tax authority. As a result of this, the entrepreneur is the tax payer who is liable for VAT. In certain cases, however, the customer is required by law to be liable for VAT, and to pay it to the relevant tax authority. In this case, the entrepreneur issues an invoice without VAT, but with a notification indicating that the tax debt has been transferred to the customer. The customer must calculate and pay the VAT to the tax authority, and can claim input tax deduction at the same time as usual. The transfer of tax debt to the service recipient is called Reverse Charge Mechanism and reverses the tax liability. Automatic Tax Determination with Reverse Charge Mechanism Country Specifics for Germany Some services, such as those provided by a company located abroad, or services that are provided for a service recipient located abroad are taxed according to the reverse charge mechanism. From the perspective of the seller, the transaction must be reported, but the tax debt transfers to the account. According to Directive 2008/8/EC and its implementation under the Annual Tax Act 2009 as of January 1, 2010, this is the basic rule for services that are provided for a company abroad. This basic rule is determined automatically, if the head office of the company providing the goods or services is in any EU member state. No tax exemption reason code must be entered in the service master. For Germany, the system currently only covers the transfer of tax debt for other services provided by an entrepreneur located abroad if these services are provided domestically ( 13b Abs. 1 Nr. 1 UStG), or if a German company provides other such services for a service recipient located abroad. The process flow for tax determination describes the determination of tax event 240 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr. 1 UStG, tax event 312 Export of Service, Reverse Charge, and the anomalies to be taken into account: 1. Create a sales order, a purchase order, or an invoice. 2. While the document is being processed, the system transfers the tax relevant data to tax determination. Examples of tax relevant data for reverse charge mechanism are: Location of supplier and buyer Sale of a service The seller company must be located in Germany. The address of the seller is used, and the system normally uses the standard address of your company unless you have overwritten the address in the sales order on the Involved Parties tab. The service recipient must be located abroad. The location where the service provision takes place is used and must not be in Germany. If the recipient is a private individual, the service can only be subject to reverse charge mechanism if it is provided in the European Union (EU). If items in an invoice contain services that have been provided at different locations (according to the address of the service or goods recipient on the Involved Parties tab), these addresses are used first. Purchasing a Service Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 19

20 The supplier must be located abroad. The address of the supplier is used as a basis, and the system uses the standard address. The service recipient must be located in Germany. The location where the service is provided is decisive. It is also possible that individual invoice items contain different locations where the services have been provided (according to the address of the goods recipient). In this case, this is used as a priority. Tax attributes of products Tax rate type and tax exemption reason can be different for each country, region, and tax type. In the United States, for example, services are not normally subject to tax, so the tax exemption reason should be assigned in the product master data. Enter the following settings for reverse charge mechanism in the master data for services on the Sales > Taxes and Purchasing > Taxes tabs as required: Tax Exemption Reason: Buyer liable for VAT The Taxable at destination checkbox must not be selected. 3. The system processes all tax-relevant data in tax determination. 4. The system calculates tax using the following components: Tax event, for example 240 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr 1 UStG for purchasing or 312 Export of Service, Reverse Charge for sales Tax codes Tax type Tax rate type such as the complete value-added tax rate with which the tax rate is determined as a percentage, for example 19% Taxable amount 5. The system enters the result of the tax determination and the tax calculation in the document currently being processed. The calculated tax is displayed on the Pricing tab. All tax details determined by the system are displayed on the Tax Details tab, such as the Tax Country and the Tax Code of the tax country. If reverse charge is determined for a sales order or a manual invoice, a note is displayed on the printed invoice that the customer must pay tax. For more information on the general process of tax determination, see Tax Determination [page 5]. The system cannot process other reverse charge mechanism scenarios in the automatic tax determination, so these must be checked manually. Manual Control for Reverse Charge Mechanism For some countries there are also other sales or purchasing processes that are subject to reverse charge but cannot be determined automatically by the system, as for example, in Germany sales according to 13b (5) UStG or purchases according to 13b (2). Country Specifics for Germany For mobile radio units and integrated circuits with a tax date as of July 1, 2011 and an invoice amount of at least 5000 Euros, reverse charge applies according to 13b (2) Nr.10 UStG. In this case you have to change the tax code manually to one of the following: 15 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr. 10 UStG 515 Reverse Charge Supply 13b II 1 Nr. 10 UStG For these processes, the system provides the tax events 313 Reverse Charge Supply 13b V UStG and 50 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr 4, 6-9 UStG, 11 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr 2 UStG, SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

21 12 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr 3 UStG, 13 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr 5 UStG and 240 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr 1 UStG. But you need to create your own tax code in your system. If you obtain your sales revenue according to 13b (5) UStG, you must enter the tax code manually. Tax Events Stored in the System Country Specifics for Germany The following tax events are currently stored in the system and can be used to create tax codes for Germany: Purchase: 11 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr. 2 UStG 12 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr. 3 UStG 13 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr. 5 UStG 50 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr. 4, 6 9 UStG 240 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr.1 UStG 15 Reverse Charge Acquisition 13b II 1 Nr. 10 UStG Sales: 312 Export of Service, Reverse Charge 313 Reverse Charge Supply 13b V UStG 315 Reverse Charge Supply 13b II 1 Nr. 10 UStG The following tax code and tax events combinations are provided by the system and determined automatically: Tax code 504 Not taxable (reverse charge mechanism) is linked to tax event 312 Export of Service, Reverse Charge Tax code 530 EU Sales of Service, Reverse Charge is linked to tax event 455 EU Sale of Service, Reverse Charge For purchasing, tax code 430 EU Purchase of Services, Reverse Charge, Standard Rate, Fully Deductible with tax event 155 is available. If you need further tax codes, you can create them under Define Tax Codes of the Tax on Goods and Services activity in Business Configuration Implementation Projects Activity List Fine-Tune. When you create a tax code, ensure that you provide the tax type under Details Third-Party Order Processing Taxation Overview Third-party order processing scenarios involve at least three parties: Seller, account, and supplier. A Third-Party Order Processing is a sales transaction that is conducted by several parties for one item, where the item is shipped directly from the supplier to the account or ship-to party. For more information concerning the general processing in the system, see Third-Party Order Processing. Chain transaction means consecutive supplies of goods between three or more legal entities, where the contractual obligations of all parties in the chain are discharged by a single movement of goods from the first supplier in the chain to the final customer. Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 21

22 From a taxation point of view, the scenarios where the sales transaction crosses borders and the subject to tax has to be determined, are of interest. This also has an impact onto the country where the taxes have to be paid. In the following processes, the system supports the user by displaying warning messages and triggering a check of the tax codes: You are a supplier in a chain transaction and you enter a ship-to party that is different from the account. The system displays the message if the head offices of the ship-to party and your company are in different countries. In a third-party deal, you are the company that creates a sales order to which an external supplier is assigned. The external supplier delivers the goods directly to the customer. These transactions are generally not invoiced automatically during an invoice run. Country Specifics in case the seller and supplier are different: Germany: These transactions are not invoiced automatically during an invoice run if the head office of your company is in Germany. Value-added tax for chain transactions is treated differently, especially if the item is transported across a state border. It is necessary to decide on a case-by-case basis, which of the companies involved is allowed to issue a taxexempt invoice. If the tax has not automatically been calculated correctly in this transaction, or if tax has been calculated even though the transaction is tax-exempt, change the tax code and, if necessary, the tax country, on the Taxes tab accordingly. Intra-Community Triangular Trade An Intra-Community Triangular Trade is a special kind of third-party order processing, where all three participants are located in different EU member states. Under certain circumstances, a simplification can be applied to intracommunity triangular trades. The prerequisites for the application of this process are: The three companies transact business for the same item. All participating companies are registered in different EU member states for value-added tax purposes. The item goes straight from the first supplier to the final account. The item goes from one EU member state to another. The first supplier or the first company is responsible for the transport of the item. Country Specifics Germany: If the simplification can be applied to the triangular transaction, then the Triangular Transaction tax code can be entered manually in the invoice Tax on Goods and Services - Configuration Guide In this configuration activity, you can create and change parameters required for the tax determination in sales, purchasing, and service processes such as tax jurisdictions, currency conversions, exempted regions, legal text information, and tax codes. These parameters are required for the system to determine the tax due for a business document. To comply with country specific legal requirements, currency conversion types are required. This includes the exchange rate type and conversion types that must be used to convert tax amounts from the document currency to the reporting currency. To find the Tax on Goods and Services activity, go to the Business Configuration work center and choose the Implementation Projects view. Select your implementation project and click Open Activity List. Select the Fine- Tune phase, then select the Tax on Goods and Services activity from the activity list SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

23 Prerequisites You have completed the Tax Settings for Purchasing activity for purchasing processes. To find this activity, go to the Business Configuration work center and choose the Implementations Projects view. Select your implementation project and click Open Activity List. Select the Fine-Tune phase, then select the Tax Settings for Purchasing activity from the activity list. Business Background Tax Determination As a rule, companies are legally required to calculate taxes on products that they buy or sell, and to levy these taxes from their customers. After the products have been provided, the taxes must be declared and levied to the respective tax authorities. The system supports you by providing a substantially automated tax calculation for the following tax types: Value-Added Tax (VAT), Sales and Use Tax, Withholding Tax. The system also provides a reporting tool that gives you effective control over your obligatory declaration of these taxes. For more information, see Tax Determination [page 5]. Master Data for Tax Determination For more information, see Master Data for Tax Determination [page 10]. Tasks Define Currency Conversion Type 1. To create a new currency conversion, click Add Row. 2. Select the country for which the exchange rate is valid. 3. Enter the date for the end of the validity period for the exchange rate type and conversion type. 4. Enter the type of exchange rate used such as Historical Currency Rate or EMU Regulation Fixed Exchange Rate. 5. If necessary, change the conversion type which is defaulted to Mid Value to either Bid Value or Ask Value. 6. Save your entries. Define Exempted Regions 1. To define an exempted region, click Add Row. 2. Select the country of the exempted region. 3. Enter a code for the exempted region. 4. Enter a description for the region. 5. Select the status of the exempted region. 6. Optional: Under Details, enter the Postal Code. 7. Save your entries. Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 23

24 Define Tax Rate Schedules 1. To define tax rates and validity dates, click Add Row. 2. Select a country for which you want to create a tax rate schedule. 3. Select the applicable tax type of the taxes that must be declared and paid to the respective tax authorities such as value-added tax, sales and use tax, and withholding tax. 4. Select the tax rate type, for example, Standard, Reduced, or Exempt Rate. 5. Enter the date from which the tax rate is valid. 6. Enter the rate as a percentage. 7. Save your entries. Define Standard Phrases for Legal Text Information We recommend that you create a standard phrase specifically for each country since exemption reasons can differ for each country. If a standard phrase is not available for the required language, the English text is printed in the invoices. All languages are displayed in this view. To enter the legal texts for a specific language, you must be logged on to the system in that language. 1. To define standard phrases for legal text information, click Add Row. 2. Select the country for which the legal text information is valid. 3. Select the applicable tax type for which legal texts are required such as value-added tax, sales and use tax, and withholding tax. 4. Select the number of the Tax Exemption Reason. 5. Check the selection of the Language field. It is preset according to the language in which you are logged on and must correspond to the language of your legal text. 6. Enter the legal text explaining the legal basis of the exemption. This text is then included on the invoices where required. 7. Save your entries. Define Tax Codes For more information, see here. Follow-On Activities After you have completed the tasks here, we recommend that you check the tasks of the country-specific activities that are required for countries that you have scoped Tax Determination US Here you can find tax information specifically for the United States SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

25 Delivery Taxation Taxes on materials deliveries within the United States are levied according to the law of the destination state (Shipto). Only in California and Texas are the deliveries taxed according to the state of origin (Ship-from). Taxes on service deliveries are levied according to the law of the state of destination. You can add your own combinations in business configuration and decide which combination is origin-based or destination-based for an intrastate transaction, which means that ship-to and ship-from are the same US state. To find the activity, go to the Business Configuration work center and choose the Implementation Projects view. Select your implementation project and click Open Activity List. Select the Fine-tune phase, then select the Tax on Goods and Services US activity from the activity list. Nexus Nexus is a connection between a taxpayer and a state where the taxpayer has to pay taxes. The rules to establish the connection between the two differs from state to state. However, with this nexus a state is required to collect sales tax for sales. Therefore a sale within a particular state is only taxable in the system if the seller company has nexus in the state. If the seller does not have a nexus, no sales tax will be determined and the system assigns tax code 507 Non Taxable Sale Under Nexus Rules to the sales document. This means the seller company issues an invoice without tax for nexus reasons. The transaction is recorded statistically in the tax register. If your company has nexus in a state, you must have the following settings prepared: You created a tax authority for this state in the Tax Management work center. For more information, see Quick Guide for Tax Authorities (Tax Management). You created entries in the system for every tax authority to which tax returns have to be submitted. You created a company tax arrangement for every tax authority that is relevant. You entered a tax registration number for the company tax arrangement. This documents that the company is registered in the state where the tax authority is located, and provides the basis for nexus determination in the tax determination. If a company tax arrangement has been created properly for a state, and a sale takes place in this state, the tax determination works as described in Tax Determination [page 5]. 1.2 Pricing in Customer Relationship Management Overview Pricing is based on price master data such as price lists and discount lists, which are used to automatically calculate pricing within all business documents for sales and service processes. A predefined pricing procedure is used to determine the gross value the customer has to pay for certain products or services to be received on a certain day at a certain place. The pricing procedure consists of price components, such as list price, discounts, surcharges, freights, taxes, and costs. The order of these price components is essential for the calculation of the total value. Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 25

26 Price Components SAP Business ByDesign contains a predefined set of price components, most of which you can activate through the business configuration. Price components can be: Automatically determined by the system and non-editable, for example, tax Automatically determined by the system and able to be overwritten by the user, for example, list price or automatically-determined product discounts Manually entered by the user, for example, a restocking fee or a manually-entered product discount The manual behavior is influenced by the Manual flag in the business configuration for pricing. If the Manual flag is set, the system does not find the price component automatically and it must be added manually by the user. The following sections show the set of price components that may display depending on your configuration. List Price This price component is naturally the first step of a pricing procedure, because many price components such as discounts or surcharges depend on it. To determine the net list price, the system checks all price lists that fit the parameters passed from the sales or service document. These parameters are customer, customer group, distribution chain, and date. Price lists can be customer specific, distribution chain specific, and base price lists. The price lists are maintained as price master data, have a validity period, and need to be released before they are active. Because the customer may have special prices, the system checks first for a customer-specific price list. If there is no customer-specific price found, then it checks for a distribution chain specific price list. Finally, if there is no distribution-chain-specific price, it checks for the base price list. You have to ensure that the system can find a price for all products or services you sell in the base price list at the very least. Prices can be manually revised within a sales or service document, allowing you to flexibly adjust your net prices. An approval procedure can be activated for price lists and discount lists which is done in the business configuration in the scoping (under General Business Data Product and Service Pricing ). If this setting is active, the line manager automatically receives an approval task should his or her employee try to release a price or a discount list. The price list or discount list cannot be released and included in all business documents for sales and service processes until the line manager (or representative) approves the price list or discount list. If a manager is authorized to approve price and discount lists, he can directly release the price or discount list in the price master data view. This automatic approval is done without creating a business task if the manager himself releases the prices. For more general information on Business Task Management, see Business Task Management. Product Discount (%) To determine the discount, the system checks all discount lists that fit the parameters passed from the sales or service document. The parameters are customer, distribution chain, customer group, product, and date. All found discounts are considered in the price calculation. Discount lists can be Customer Specific Discount Product, General Customer Discount, Overall Customer Group Discount, and Customer Specific Discount Product Category discount lists. Because the customer may have a special discount for a certain product, the system checks for a discount list with customer product discounts. Discounts can always be revised manually within a sales or service document, allowing you to flexibly adjust discounts SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

27 An approval procedure can be activated for price lists and discount lists which is done in the business configuration in the scoping (under General Business Data Product and Service Pricing ).If this setting is active, the line manager automatically receives an approval task should his or her employee try to release a price or a discount list. The price list or discount list cannot be released and included in all business documents for sales and service processes until the line manager (or representative) approves the price list or discount list. If a manager is authorized to approve price and discount lists, he can directly release the price or discount list in the price master data view. This automatic approval is done without creating a business task if the manager himself releases the prices. For more general information on Business Task Management, see Business Task Management. Working Condition (%) This price component is important for service scenarios. If service performers work at nights or on weekends or public holidays, a surcharge can be invoiced to the customer. Surcharge Two different price components are available for surcharges. You can define surcharges as percentages or fixed amounts according to your needs. All surcharges can be used side by side. Warranty/Goodwill These price components are important within service scenarios. For example, in a service document, services or spare parts may be covered by a warranty. The warranty or goodwill discount will be calculated based on the Coverage field in the service document. Quality Loss Fee This price component is used for return scenarios. This element displays only if the Returns business topic is included in your business configuration. If your customer returns goods which are damaged or opened, you can manually define a deduction on item level. Restocking Fee This price componentis used for return scenarios. This element displays only if the Returns business topic is included in your business configuration. If your customer returns goods, you can manually define a restocking fee for each individual return document. Migration Price The migration price is needed for open sales and service documents that are migrated from a legacy system into SAP Business ByDesign. To ensure that prices are the same in both systems, there will not be any additional calculation of this price. Total Item Net Value This is calculated by adding all the item net values. This value cannot be edited. Freight This price component covers the freight amount determined automatically or entered manually. Depending on the business configuration settings it is possible to determine a fixed freight amount or to make the freight dependent on the net weight of the goods you sell. Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 27

28 Cost and Profit Margin Cost displays only if profit margin is included in your business configuration. Cost is basically derived from financials and makes the calculation of the profit margin possible. Overall Discount (%) The overall discount (%) is an additional general discount applied to the total item net value. This can only be applied manually. Total Net Value This is calculated by adding all the item net values plus freight, without considering taxes. This value cannot be edited. Total Given Discounts This is calculated by adding all the relevant product discounts given. This value cannot be edited directly by the user. It can be influenced by editing the product discounts at item level. Rounding Difference This is a value that has been lost or gained through rounding. This value is used only for currencies that do not have low denomination coins such as 1c or 2c for example, Swiss francs or Australian dollars. For these currencies, the price must be rounded to the nearest available value, such as 0c or 5c. Tax This price component covers all requirements in regards to taxation. All taxes are calculated according to legal requirements and the results of this calculation are put into this price component. Total This is calculated by adding the total net value plus tax. Price Calculation Pricing is centrally implemented in SAP Business ByDesign and linked to all relevant business processes. The procedure is predefined and you cannot modify the procedure or create a new one. The pricing procedure controls which price components are automatically calculated for the relevant business documents, such as sales quotes, sales orders, and service orders. It contains the most commonly-used price components, including product prices, discounts, surcharges, and tax. These various kinds of price components can be combined and control the price calculation process. The pricing procedure also contains the sequence in which the system takes these price components into account during pricing. It calculates the gross and net prices and taxes. The pricing procedure also determines: Which subtotals will be considered during pricing To what extent pricing can be processed manually Which method the system uses to calculate percentage discounts and surcharges Which requirements for a particular price component must be fulfilled before the system takes the element into account. For example, freights are not considered for service items SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

29 Currency and Quantity Conversion During the price calculation, currency conversion occurs if the currency of the price master data differs from the document currency, depending on the exchange rates maintained as master data. The document currency is defaulted from the account master sales data. In addition, during the price calculation, quantity conversion occurs if the unit of measure requested in the document differs from the price unit maintained in the price list. A prerequisite is that the quantity conversions are maintained in the product or service master data. For example, product master data maintains a quantity conversion 1 pallet = 20 each, the price list specifies a price unit of $50/1 each, and the sales order requests 5 pallets - in this case, the 5 pallets are converted to 100 units and price is calculated at $5000. Scales You can define scales for prices which depend on different quantities. The scale you use determines how values are calculated. For example, you can use a scale to define that a single boiler costs $500, but if you buy at least 10 boilers the price decreases to only $450 per unit. You can also define scales for freights, which depend, for example, on the sales order value. You can also define scales for product discounts. There is also an additional feature where the system proposes the values for scales for every additional line that is added by the user while maintaining scales. The following example explains the logic for calculation of the proposed value for scales: Logic for determining the proposed scale value during price or discount scale maintenance. V a l u e o f S c a l e s Percentage Calculation of Percentage % 1 1 / 1 0 = *1.1 = 11 Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 29

30 V a l u e o f S c a l e s Percentage Calculation of Percentage % 1 1 / 1 0 = *1.1 = % / 1 1 = *1.1 = % / = *1.1 = SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

31 V a l u e o f S c a l e s Percentage Calculation of Percentage % / = *1.1 = % *1.1 = / = 1. 1 See Also Configure Price Strategy Price Agreements for Customer Contracts Gross Pricing Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 31

32 1.3 Working With Serial Numbers Overview Serial numbers are unique identifiers that you can assign to a single item of a tangible product. They are used to differentiate that item from other items of the same product. A serial number identifies a particular item that enables you to distinguish between individual pieces. Since serial numbers are only unique per reference material, two different reference materials could have the same serial number. Serial numbers in SAP Business ByDesign are represented by registered products. These are integrated into subsequent service scenarios, for example, warranty handling. Some of the main benefits provided by the use of serial numbers are as follows: You can track serial numbers through the SAP Business ByDesign system. This allows you, for example, to see which supplier delivered a specific product to your company. The registered product screens provide a complete tracking history showing all processes in which this product has been handled. You can see the following detailed information in the tracking screen: Movement history (such as deliveries or returns), service requests, service orders, and related labels. It ensures data consistency by introducing checks for complete serial number input. It enables automatic creation of the registered products from transactional processes, for example, goods receipt posting from supplier delivery. It allows automatic updates of registered products, for example with account information, from transactional processes such as goods issue to customer. This depends on your settings for the business option Automatic Product Registration found in the Business Configuration work center, under Questions Services Entitlement Management Registered Products. You can record serial numbers in inbound logistics, outbound logistics, third-party logistics, third-party order processing, over-the-counter sales, and repairs in the following business scenarios: Supplier delivery Return to supplier Customer delivery Third-party delivery Customer return Over-the-counter sales Service confirmation (for spare parts only) Third-party repair (for spare parts only) Customer return of repaired materials Intracompany stock transfer Serial Number Profiles in Material Master Data Using serial number profiles in the material master, you can define the processes for which the entry of serial numbers is mandatory, optional, or forbidden. The profile determines the conditions for serial number recording in different business documents. The following serial number profiles are available: No Serial Number Assignment Serial number recording is forbidden. Optional Number Assignment Serial number recording is allowed, but not mandatory SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

33 Mandatory on Transfer (to/from Customers) Serial number recording is required on transfer to or from customers. For example, a serial number (and therefore also a registered product) is created in outbound logistics when a part is delivered to your customer. Mandatory on Transfer to/from Customers and Suppliers Serial number recording is required on transfer or from customers and suppliers. For example, a serial number is created in inbound logistics (and therefore also a registered product) when you receive a product from your supplier. If this part is then shipped to a customer, the serial number is entered or scanned in outbound logistics which updates the tracking information in the registered product. Mandatory on Transfer to/from Customers, Suppliers, and Sites Serial number recording is required on transfer to or from customers and suppliers as well as between sites. Maintaining Serial Number Profiles You use the Serial Number Profile in the material master to control the recording of serial numbers which depend on the business event Transfer. Serial number profiles do not control whether the input of the affected registered product is required in Service Requests, Service Orders and Service Confirmation. However, they do effect the consumption of serialized spare parts during the repair process. Registered products can be created automatically during various business processes. Depending on the serial number profile selected, the system creates the registered product in the processes where serial numbers are recorded for the first time, for example, the delivery of a new product to the warehouse. The creation of registered product is automated and integrated into the various processes. The processes in which the automatic creation of registered products is provided depends on the chosen serial number profile. No Serial Number Assignment Serial number input is forbidden in all scenarios. Mandatory on Transfer (to/from Customers) This setting prevents you from entering serial numbers with a supplier delivery. That is, (and because production processes are out of scope), during processing of outbound deliveries to customers the existence of registered products cannot be expected. Process Serial Number Recording Automatic Creation Supplier delivery Forbidden Return to supplier Forbidden Customer delivery Mandatory Yes Third-party delivery Mandatory Yes Customer return Mandatory No Over-the-counter sales Mandatory Yes Service confirmation (for spare parts only) Mandatory No Third-party repair (for spare parts only) Mandatory Yes Intracompany stock transfer Forbidden Mandatory on Transfer to/from Customers and Suppliers For all scenarios in which no parts with new serial numbers are being supplied by suppliers (for example, by the headquarters) it is assumed that the registered products have already been created during previous processes. This Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 33

34 is due to the fact that in those scenarios in which a serialized part is supplied, the corresponding registered product is created. Process Serial Number Recording Automatic Creation Supplier delivery Mandatory Yes Return to supplier Mandatory No Customer delivery Mandatory No Third-party delivery Mandatory Yes Customer return Mandatory No Over-the-counter sales Mandatory No Service confirmation (for spare parts only) Mandatory No Third-party repair (for spare parts only) Mandatory Yes Intracompany stock transfer Forbidden Mandatory on Transfer to/from Customers and Suppliers and Sites Process Serial Number Recording Automatic Creation Supplier delivery Mandatory Yes Return to supplier Mandatory No Customer delivery Mandatory No Third-party delivery Mandatory Yes Customer return Mandatory No Over-the-counter sales Mandatory No Service confirmation (for spare parts only) Mandatory No Third-party repair (for spare parts only) Mandatory Yes Intracompany stock transfer Mandatory No Optional Serial Number Assignment This setting should only be used in exceptional cases. Serial number recording is always optional and, if recorded, registered products are automatically created. If the registered product does not exist when needed, you can create it manually. The common task New Registered Product is available in the following work centers: Inbound Logistics Outbound Logistics Third-Party Order Fulfillment Over-the-Counter Sales Third-Party Logistics Service Orders Field Service and Repair Service Entitlements SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

35 Recording Serial Numbers On some of the screens, you can enter serial numbers using the Next Serial Number entry field. This adds a line to the serial numbers table. You can enter the serial numbers in this field either manually by typing in the entry and choosing Enter, or by scanning (in the inbound and outbound logistics processes). The entry of serial numbers can be mandatory or optional depending on the Serial Number Profile defined for the product in the material master. If the profile defines that no serial numbers are required for a product, the Serial Numbers tab is not available for that particular product. See Also Registered Products Quick Guide Inbound Delivery Processing Outbound Delivery Processing 1.4 Kits Process Flow Overview A kit is defined as a logical group of items that can be sold or purchased together as one unit. Wholesale and component manufacturing industries like to offer product bundles as single selling units. In the Business ByDesign system a single selling or purchasable unit comprising of various components is called a kit. For example, a laptop and an adaptor are two different products that can be grouped together to be sold or purchased as a single unit. This combination of the laptop and adaptor is available on paper as a unit and has a price associated with it. However, the kit itself does not exist as a physical entity. The various components of a kit are listed in the kit item list. In the case of the laptop and adaptor, both the individual products exist as physical entities. They are stored and transported, and so have inventory value. However, since they are a part of a kit, their individual prices are not relevant and only the price of the kit as a whole is considered. Create a Kit 1. Create a Kit To create a kit, go to Products view under Product and Service Portfolio work center. Click New, and select Kit. You can also create a kit from the New Kit common task in the Product and Service Portfolio work center and the Product Data work center. The kit you create represents a group of items that is sold or purchased together as one unit. For more information, see Create a Kit [page 107]. 2. Add purchasing information to the Kit If you want to create a purchasing kit, you can add purchasing information for this kit. To do so, in the Purchasing tab under General Information, select the status In Preparation. This activates the Purchasing indicator under Relevant Processes. 3. Add sales information to the Kit If you want to create a sales kit, you can add sales details for the sales kit in the Sales tab under General Information. This includes information such as the sales organization, distribution channel, and so Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 35

36 on. You can also assign advanced sales details to each distribution chain, for example, a specific sales unit of measure, warranties, internal comments, sales notes, customer part numbers, tax information and so on. However, you must enter a sales organization and distribution channel for the sales kit. This activates the Sales indicator under Relevant Processes. For more information, see Assign Sales Details to the Kit [page 108]. 4. Add valuation information to the Kit You can add valuation details for the kit which includes information such as basic valuation details, and a status to each company and business residence that provide financial data for a kit. You can also assign advanced valuation details such as a specific inventory valuation unit of measure, and cost information for each relevant set of books. You can do so, in the Valuation tab under General Information. This activates the Valuation indicator under Relevant Processes. For more information, see Assign Valuation Details to the Kit [page 109]. 5. Add tax information to the Kit If you create a purchasing kit, by default the highest value added tax (VAT) is applied as the standard tax rate. You can maintain separate tax rates for the kit in the Taxation tab under General Information. 6. Create a Kit Item List Using the kit ID created during the process of creating a kit, you can create a kit item list, which consists of all the items that are included in that particular kit. Each of these items has an inventory process associated with it, but is not price relevant within the kit. For more information, see Create a Kit Item List in the Tasks section of the Kits Quick Guide [page 102]. Kits in Sales 1. Create and Release a Sales Order You can create a sales order with a sales kit as a line item and release it. For more information, see Sales Orders Quick Guide. 2. Release a Customer Invoice You can create and release a customer invoice document. For more information, see Quick Guide for Invoice Requests. 3. Determine Ship-From Information and Check Availability Once the sales order containing a sales kit has been released, the system displays a customer demand per sales kit in the Customer Demand view of the Outbound Logistics Control work center. You can determine the shipment scheduling, ship-from information, and the availability for sales orders that contain sales kits. You can also use this view to release confirmed sales kits to logistics execution. For more information, see Customer Demand Quick Guide. 4. Release a Sales Kit Apart from the Customer Demand view, you can also release sales kits in the Delivery Due List view of the Outbound Logistics Control work center, where the sales orders are listed based on confirmed schedule lines. In this delivery due list, the supply planner can release the sales kits to hand them over to logistics execution. Once the sales kit has been released, you cannot change data such as product, date, quantity, ship-to party in the corresponding sales order. For more information about delivery due lists, see Delivery Due List Quick Guide. 5. Process an Outbound Delivery The system displays the released sales kits as delivery proposals in the Delivery Proposals sub-view and as delivery requests in the Delivery Requests sub-view of the Delivery Control view in the Outbound Logistics work center. In this view, you can process an outbound delivery for the sales kit with tasks by creating a warehouse request or without tasks by posting a goods issue. For more information about delivery proposals and delivery requests, see Delivery Control Quick Guide SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

37 If you process the outbound delivery with tasks, you can create a warehouse task in the Warehouse Requests view and confirm the task in the Task Control view. For more information about warehouse requests, see Warehouse Requests Quick Guide. For more information about task control, see Task Control Quick Guide. Whether you post the goods issue in one step directly or use the task support, the outbound delivery is processed and inventory changes are communicated to invoicing, accounting, and supply control. 6. Post Costs/Revenues The delivery of a sales kit and its components triggers the creation of a journal entry in the system which posts the costs of components delivered. The valuation and the account determination are based on the component products delivered as part of the sales kit. The invoicing of the sales kit triggers the creation of a journal entry which posts the revenues. You can view the entry in the Journal Entries view of the General Ledger work center. For more information, see Journal Entries Quick Guide There is no change in the account determination logic for the sales kit items and the component items. Revenue recognition is not allowed for sales order items with sales kit products. For more information see, Sales Document Items Quick Guide Kits in Purchasing 1. Create and Release a Purchase Order You can create a purchase order with a kit as a line item and release it. For more information, see Purchase Orders Quick Guide. 2. Create a Purchase Order Acknowledgement For more information, see Purchase Order Acknowledgement. 3. Process an Inbound Delivery When you receive a kit, you can use inbound processing to coordinate the inbound logistic activities. Kits are only supported for inbound supplier deliveries. For more information,, see Supplier Delivery Processing. 4. Post Goods Receipt On delivery of a kit, you can create a goods receipt to track it. The goods and services receipt can be created with reference to purchase orders with same or different suppliers. For more information, see, Directly Post a Goods Receipt with Label Creation. The valuation and the account determination are based on the component products delivered as part of the purchase kit. The system sends the goods and services receipt to Supplier Invoicing for invoice verification, exception handling, and payment processes. It also forwards the data to Financials, posts the goods return receipt there, and updates individual materials and fixed asset assignments if applicable. You can view the entry in the Journal Entries view of the General Ledger work center. For more information, see Journal Entries Quick Guide 5. Release a Supplier Invoice You can create and release a supplier invoice document. For more information, see Supplier Invoice Processing with Reference. Limitations Kits are not supported in the following scenarios: Subsequent debit and subsequent credit memo items, customs duty, down payments, recurring invoices, invoice templates, and invoices without reference to purchase orders scenarios in supplier invoicing. Business Background P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 37

38 Materials in Progress Intracompany stock transfer Supplier or customer returns Service and repair scenarios Strategic sourcing (contracts, quotes, shopping cart) Self- service procurement (non-stock materials) Invoices SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Business Background

39 2 Materials View 2.1 Materials Quick Guide The Materials view in the Product Data work center has two subviews: Materials and Material Templates. The Materials view provides a central entry point for viewing all the materials in your system, creating new materials, and maintaining materials throughout the product life cycle ensuring you have complete and accurate information on all the materials your company offers. The Material Templates subview allows you to create material templates for different product categories and to create and change multiple materials based on these templates. You can access the Materials view from the following locations: Product Data work center Product Development work center You can also access certain functions of the Materials view via the Products view of the Product and Service Portfolio work center. Business Background Assigning Statuses to a Material A material can be involved in various business processes. For example, a nail could be a component used in manufacturing another product, or the nail could be sold as the end product itself. For this reason, a material is divided into sections for purchasing, logistics, supply planning, availability confirmation, sales, and valuation. Each section includes details specific to the business process as well as one or more statuses indicating the completeness or readiness of the material for that process. Therefore, when creating a new material, it is important to apply the correct statuses to ensure that the relevant processes are assigned and that data in these areas is kept up-to-date. For more information, see Assigning Statuses to a Material [page 44] Changing Identified Stock Types You can change the identified stock type of a product regardless of the process in which you use the product. You can specify a new identified stock type where previously there was none, you can remove the type completely, or you can change the type from one type to another. You can change the identified stock type for a product even after the product is activated for logistics. The system allows you this flexibility in case that you need to change an identified stock type after you begin using a product in your process. However, changing the identified stock type can have consequences and follow-up actions, depending on the status of the process in which you use the effected product. You should be aware of these consequences before you perform the identified stock type change. We recommend that you finish specifying your product with the correct identified stock type before you start any process for a product. You can change the identified stock type in the General tab of the Material editor in the Product Data work center. You must access the General tab by clicking View All. You can also check if the product is activated in the Logistics tab. For more information, see Changing Identified Stock Types [page 45]. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 39

40 Pricing in Customer Relationship Management Pricing is based on price master data such as price lists and discount lists, which are used to automatically calculate pricing within all business documents for sales and service processes. A predefined pricing procedure is used to determine the gross value the customer has to pay for certain products or services to be received on a certain day at a certain place. The pricing procedure consists of price components, such as list price, discounts, surcharges, freights, taxes, and costs. The order of these price components is essential for the calculation of the total value. For more information, see Pricing in Customer Relationship Management [page 25]. Tax Determination As a rule, companies are legally required to calculate taxes on products that they buy or sell, and to levy these taxes from their customers. After the products have been provided, the taxes must be declared and levied to the respective tax authorities. The system supports you by providing a substantially automated tax calculation for the following tax types: Value-Added Tax (VAT), Sales and Use Tax, Withholding Tax. The system also provides a reporting tool that gives you effective control over your obligatory declaration of these taxes. For more information, see Tax Determination [page 5]. Availability Checks Availability checks enable you, as a supply planner, to answer the question of whether or not a requested quantity of a product is available at a certain place at a certain point in time. Confirmations as a result of these checks not only give a reliable answer to this question, they are also required for the follow-on processes in logistics execution. Providing a reliable delivery date at the very time when a quote or order is entered in the system, helps you to improve customer satisfaction. The system allows you to check the availability for sales orders, service orders, stock transfer orders, project stock orders, and sales quotes. For more information, see Availability Checks [page 51]. Serial Number Profiles Serial numbers are unique identifiers that are assigned to a single item of a tangible product. Serial numbers in SAP Business ByDesign are represented by registered products. These are integrated into subsequent service scenarios, for example, warranty handling. You can use serial number profiles to define in which processes it is mandatory or optional to enter serial numbers. The profile determines the conditions for serial number recording in different business documents. For more information, see Working with Serial Numbers [page 32]. Tasks Create a Material 1. Choose the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center. 2. Click New and then Material to open the New Material quick activity. 3. Enter the Material ID. If internal number ranges have been configured for materials, you cannot enter a material ID manually; when you save the material, the system assigns the next available ID automatically. For more information, see Configuration: Number Ranges. 4. Enter the Material Description. For information about descriptions in other languages, see Add Material Descriptions in Other Languages below SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

41 5. Select the Product Category to which you want to assign the new material. 6. In the Base UoM field, enter the default unit of measure for the material. It will be used for purchasing, logistics, planning, availability confirmation, sales, and valuation unless different units of measure are selected manually for those processes. The base UoM should be the smallest unit of measure for the material. Therefore, if you select different units of measure for any processes, make sure that the base UoM is always smaller. 7. Optional: On the General tab, enter the Net Weight, Gross Weight, Net Volume, and Gross Volume for the base unit of measure. For example, if the base unit of measure is box, define the physical characteristics of one box. For information about defining additional characteristics, see Add UoM Characteristics and GTIN to a Material below. 8. Enter the identified stock type for the material. a. Click View All. b. On the General tab, click General. c. To assign the material to a group of identified stock, select the Identified Stock Type. Depending on the identified stock type you choose, the system determines if: 1. The material is batch managed. If the material is batch managed, then creation of identified stock is mandatory for capturing the stock in the system for this material. 2. Product specification use is enabled for the material. If the product specification use is enabled for the material, then the product specification created can be linked to identified stock. This information can be determined viewing the Batch Managed and Product Specification Enabled checkboxes. These checkboxes are read-only and cannot be edited. The identified stock type determines how the material is to be managed. Identified Stock Type Batch Managed Product Specification Enabled Mandatory Specified Stock Yes Yes Batch or Lot Yes No Optional Specified Stock No Yes For more information, see Changing Identified Stock Types [page 45]. If the product is batch managed, and is primarily produced to stock (make-to-stock) and will never be used in the make-to-order scenarios, then in such case, the identified stock type has to be either Batch or Lot for that material If the product is batch managed, and can be produced either to stock (make-to-stock) or specific to customer order using product specifications (make-to-order), then in such case, the identified stock type has to be Mandatory Specified Stock If the product is not batch managed, and can be produced either to stock (make-to-stock) or specific to customer order using product specifications (make-to-order), then in such case, the identified stock type has to be Optional Specified Stock Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 41

42 If you change the identified stock type once the material has already been created and is being used, the associated logistic processes is lost. For example if you create a material and define the identified stock type as Mandatory Specified Stock, it will be both batch managed and product specification enabled. However, after the material is in use, if you then change the identified stock type to Optional Specified Stock, then the batch management function for the material will be lost. 9. Optional: Enter the advanced general details for the material a. Click View All. b. To choose a profile for serial number assignment, select a Serial Number Profile. c. To add, delete, or replace a product image for the material, click Image and select the appropriate option. d. To specify the validity of the stock, enter the relevant number of days in the Minimum Required Shelf 10. Click Save. Life field on the Planning of the number of days entered. tab. Stock will be unavailable for planning and execution after the completion This document contains text that is relevant for India only. To ensure that the system displays the correct text, select Personalize My Settings. Select Onscreen Help and, under Country, choose India. Save your settings and logout to ensure these changes are made. Create a Material Template and Create a Material from a Template For more information about this task, see here [page 59]. Assign Purchasing Details to a Material For information about this task, see here [page 60]. Assign Logistics Details to a Material For information about this tasks, see here [page 61]. Assign Supply Planning Details to a Material For information about this task, see here [page 62]. Assign Availability Confirmation Details to a Material For information about this tasks, see here [page 63]. Assign Sales Details to a Material For information about this task, see here [page 64]. Assign Valuation Details to a Material For information about this task, see here [page 66]. Add Quantity Conversions to a Material For information about this task, see here [page 67]. Add UoM Characteristics and GTIN to a Material 1. Choose the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

43 2. Select the material and click Edit to open the Material quick activity. 3. On the General tab, enter the Net Weight, Gross Weight, Net Volume, and Gross Volume for the base unit of measure. For example, if the base unit of measure is box, define the characteristics of one box. 4. Optional: Define additional characteristics and a GTIN (Global Trade Item Number) for the base unit of measure and for other units of measure. a. Click View All. b. At the top of the General tab, click UoM Characteristics. The first row of the table displays the physical characteristics you already entered for the base unit of measure. c. Enter the Length, Width, Height, and GTIN (Global Trade Item Number) for the base unit of measure. A GTIN is an 8, 12, 13, or 14 digit number used to uniquely identify products worldwide. Each GTIN must conform to international standards and must be unique. d. To define characteristics and a GTIN for another unit of measure, click Add Row. e. In the new row, select the UoM and enter the relevant characteristics and GTIN. f. Click Save to save your changes. Add Material Descriptions in Other Languages 1. Choose the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the material and click Edit to open the Material quick activity. The Material Description field displays the description of the material in your logon language. 3. Click View All. 4. At the top of the General tab, click Other Languages. 5. To add a description of the material in another language, click Add Row. If you do not maintain a material description for a language, a description will not appear on business documents in that language. 6. In the new row, select a Language and enter the Material Description. 7. In the Details section, enter additional information about the material and click Save. Mass Change of Materials You can quickly update the general and business area details of multiple materials at once. For information about this task, see here [page 68]. Create Materials Using Microsoft Excel You can create materials using a predefined Microsoft Excel template. For information about this task, see here [page 69]. Export Materials to Microsoft Excel You can export materials to Microsoft Excel. For more information about this task, see here [page 71]. See Also Commodity Catalogs Quick Guide Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 43

44 2.2 Business Background Assigning Statuses to a Material Overview A material can be involved in various business processes. For example, a nail could be a component used in manufacturing another product, or the nail could be sold as the end product itself. For this reason, a material is divided into sections for purchasing, logistics, supply planning, availability confirmation, sales, and valuation. Each section includes details specific to the business process as well as one or more statuses indicating the completeness or readiness of the material for that process. Therefore, when creating a new material, it is important to apply the correct statuses to ensure that the relevant processes are assigned and that data in these areas is kept up-to-date. Features Changes to Statuses The first status of a process is always Initial. You can then make the following changes in statuses before the material is saved: Initial to In Preparation or In Preparation to Initial In Preparation to Active Active to Blocked or Blocked to Active Active to Initial After a material is saved, you can make the following changes in status: Initial to In Preparation or In Preparation to Initial In Preparation to Active Active to Blocked or Blocked to Active Changing from Active to Blocked is only possible for purchasing and sales. Overall Status In cases where a process has multiple statuses, the status with the highest priority is always given as the overall status for a process. The hierarchy for status priority is as follows: Active, Blocked, In Preparation, and Initial. For example, if there is one status marked as Active, and there are multiple statuses marked as In Preparation, the overall status is given as Active. The logistics and purchasing processes each have only a single status, but all other processes can have multiple statuses. Purchasing and sales are the only two processes with the Blocked status. The statuses for processes are as follows: Statuses of Processes Overall Status Status Icon Status Combination Valid For Initial Initial Grey Purchasing, Logistics, Planning, Availability Confirmation, Sales, and Valuation In Preparation In Preparation Yellow Purchasing, Logistics, Planning, Availability Confirmation, Sales, and Valuation SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

45 Blocked Blocked Red Purchasing and Sales Active Active Green Purchasing, Logistics, Planning, Availability Confirmation, Sales, and Valuation Initial and In Preparation In Preparation Yellow Planning, Availability Confirmation, Sales, and Valuation Initial and Blocked Blocked Red Sales Initial, In Preparation, and Blocked Blocked Red Sales Initial, In Preparation, and Active Active Green Planning, Availability Confirmation, Sales, and Valuation Initial, In Preparation, Blocked and Active Active Green Sales In Preparation and Blocked Blocked Red Sales In Preparation and Active Active Green Planning, Availability Confirmation, Sales, and Valuation In Preparation, Blocked, and Active Active Green Sales Blocked and Active Active Green Sales Changing Identified Stock Types You can change the identified stock type of a product regardless of the process in which you use the product. You can specify a new identified stock type where previously there was none, you can remove the type completely, or you can change the type from one type to another. You can change the identified stock type for a product even after the product is activated for logistics. The system allows you this flexibility in case that you need to change an identified stock type after you begin using a product in your process. However, changing the identified stock type can have consequences and follow-up actions, depending on the status of the process in which you use the effected product. You should be aware of these consequences before you perform the identified stock type change. We recommend that you finish specifying your product with the correct identified stock type before you start any process for a product. You can change the identified stock type in the General tab of the Material editor in the Product Data work center. You must access the General tab by clicking View All. You can also check if the product is activated in the Logistics tab. Considerations when Changing the Identified Stock Type If you have a new product that you do not use in any process and for which you have not posted inventory, then changing the identified stock type has no consequences. When you change the identified stock type, the system allows you the maximum level of flexibility in finishing all the processes in which the relevant product is involved. As a general rule, inventory for the relevant product must be adjusted using the new identified stock type. Details and exceptions are explained in the following sections. Using Existing Master Data Identified Stock IDs You can change from one identified stock type to another, even if you have existing identified stock IDs for a particular product. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 45

46 You can use new identified stock IDs that contain the new identified stock type for the product. You can still use the IDs from the old type, even though they contain the old identified stock type. You cannot change the identified stock type of the old IDs. If you want to prevent the old IDs from being used, you must post inventory from the old identified stock ID to the new ID using the Change of Stock common task in the Internal Logistics work center. You can also change the status of the old IDs to Blocked or Obsolete. For example, you have a product PRO_1 that is specified with an identified stock type of batch. You create an identified stock ID B001 for the product in the Identified Stock view of the Planning and Production Master Data or Warehousing and Logistics Master Data work centers. You then change the identified stock type to lot. The next identified stock ID you create for the product is L001. However, you can still use the ID B001 in the system, even though the product is now a lot. The ID B001 still shows the original identified stock type. In this case the system just checks that the product is specified as an identified stock. If it is, you must enter an identified stock ID when you post inventory changes. Existing Inventory Not Used in a Process If you change the identified stock type of a product for which you have inventory stored in a logistics area, you cannot use the inventory until you post it using the new type. You can do this in the Change of Stock common task in the Internal Logistics work center. When you change the identified stock type, the following conditions apply: If you remove the identified stock type completely from a product in the Material editor, you must post a change of stock where you leave the Change Identified Stock ID field empty. If you specify an identified stock type for the first time for a product (where previously no identified stock was specified), you must first create the appropriate identified stock ID in the Identified Stock view in the Planning and Production Master Data or Warehousing and Logistics Master Data work centers. Then you change the stock details using the Change of Stock common task in the Internal Logistics work center. You must enter the identified stock ID in the Change Identified Stock ID field for the new identified stock type. This is optional if the new identified stock type is optional specified stock and mandatory for all other identified stock types. If you have already specified an identified stock type, but now want to change to another identified stock type, you only need to post a change of stock if you don t want to use the old identified stock IDs with the product. Changes to Identified Stock Type in a Make-to-Order Process Introduction You can use a product specification ID to record the special requirements your customer needs when they order a product in a make-to-order process. The system uses these properties and descriptions in addition to the standard product ID to supply your customer with the exact specification that they need. For example, a window is a standard product in your system. However, your customer may need a window made from wood, that has dimensions of 100cm by 50cm, and that is made from special glass. When you enter this in the system, you can enter the standard product in the sales order (window) and create a product specification that provides the detailed properties of the window that your customer needs. The product specification ID and properties follow the product through the process of external procurement or internal production. This enables you to order, manufacture, pick, and ship products with specific requirements to your customer. For example, when you post goods receipts from production or a supplier (inbound process), the system uses a product specification ID in combination with an identified stock ID to separate products in line with customer specific requirements. You must use this approach in order to separate products. Mandatory and Optional Specified Stock You must use either the optional specified stock or mandatory specified stock type when you work with product specifications. You should use optional specified stock if you want the choice of using a product in your process both with and without a product specification. For example, you have a standard window, window_1. You should use optional specified stock if you want to manufacture standard windows (standard window_1), and also manufacture make-to-order windows (window_1 with a product specification) SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

47 You should use the mandatory specified stock type if you always want to make a product to order. For example, you never make standard windows; you always make windows to order. Changing the identified stock type from optional or mandatory specified stock to batch or lot, or removing the optional or mandatory specified stock type completely has consequences if you have a running make-to-order process. You need to take different courses of action, depending on where the product is in your process. These different courses of action are outlined here. Change Before You Start Production and Place Orders on Suppliers If you change the identified stock type from optional or mandatory specified stock to batch or lot, or completely remove the optional or mandatory specified stock type, after you assign a product specification ID to a product in the sales order but before you start production or place orders on suppliers: You cannot complete the make-to-order process for the product because the product must have either an optional or mandatory specified stock type ID in order to be used with a product specification. You cannot start production and you cannot place an order on your suppliers with a product specification. You must cancel the line item in the sales order that contains the product. Change Before You Finish Production You have two possible courses of action if you change the identified stock type after you start but before you finish production: 1. If you have an existing identified stock ID for the optional or mandatory specified stock with the correct product specification: a. You can post the goods receipt from production with an existing identified stock ID that contains the correct product specification. b. You can pick and ship the product with an existing identified stock ID that contains the correct production specification If you decide not to finish manufacturing, you must process any open quantities. To do this, you must confirm the production lot and production request. You must confirm the pick operation with a quantity of zero to force the completion of the picking operation. Then you must cancel the sales order line item that contains the make-to-order product. 2. If you do not have an existing identified stock ID with the correct product specification: a. You cannot perform a goods receipt with a product specification at the end of production. b. If you go ahead and manufacture the product, you must post the goods receipt without a product specification as an unplanned item. c. You cannot pick and ship the goods using a product specification because you do not have the appropriate inventory. You must reject the outbound request if it is not released. You must confirm the pick operation with a quantity of zero to force the completion of the picking operation. Then you must cancel the sales order line item that contains the make-to-order product. Change After Production Completed If you change the identified stock type after you finish production and after you start outbound processing, you can still perform goods movements in your outbound process. If you use a product specification ID, the system allows the transactions to take place, even though the identified stock type has changed for the make-to-order product. Change Before Return to Supplier If you change the identified stock type of a product that was ordered using a product specification ID, you cannot return the product to the supplier. You can use the following work around: Change back the identified stock type of the relevant product temporarily to the old setting. Create a return to supplier request, using the New Return to Supplier Request common task in the Outbound Logistics work center. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 47

48 Change the identified stock type of the relevant product back to the new setting. Change Before Return From Customer If you change the identified stock type of a product that was manufactured and shipped using a product specification ID, you cannot create a new customer return notification with reference to the delivery items. You must use the New Customer Return Notification common task in the Inbound Logistics work center to create a new customer return notification, and enter the delivery line items manually. Execution Processes for Standard Inbound, Internal, Outbound, and Production Change Before You Confirm Tasks in Production, and in One-Step Inbound, Internal, and Outbound Execution Processes If you change the identified stock type before you confirm a production task for input products, or a pick or replenish task, inventory for the relevant product must be adjusted using the new identified stock type. Refer to the section on Existing Inventory Not Used in a Process above for further details. For production tasks for output products and put-away tasks, you take no action because the incoming goods are not yet reported in inventory. When you finish production or receive the goods, you can post them using the new type. Change Between the First and Second Step in Two-Step Inbound, Internal, and Outbound Processes If you change the identified stock type before you confirm the execution task of the first step (for example, pick), inventory for the relevant product must be adjusted using the new identified stock type. Refer to the section on Existing Inventory Not Used in a Process above for further details. For unload tasks, you take no action because the incoming goods are not yet reported in inventory. When the goods arrive, you can post them using the new type. If you change the identified stock type after you confirm the execution task of the first step (for example, pick or unload) and before you confirm the execution task of the second step (for example, unload or put-away), you can confirm the second step using the old identified stock type. For example, the first step is pick and move the goods to a staging area. The second step is move the goods from the staging area to a truck. The system allows you to load the products onto the truck even if you change the identified stock type before the second step begins. Change After You Begin Confirming but Before You Finish a Task in Execution Processes for Inbound, Internal, Outbound, and Production If you change the identified stock type for a product after you begin a confirmation but before you finish a task, you have the following options: You can finish a task for the remaining quantity using the old identified stock type. You must have sufficient inventory of product with the old identified stock type available for the confirmation. This is possible if you have not yet updated the inventory using the new identified stock type in the Change of Stock common task in the Internal Logistics work center You can use the Split Quantities feature to begin confirming using the new identified stock type. Remove the Identified Stock Type After You Release a Production Order While Using Replenishment There are considerations you must take into account if a production order requests a particular identified stock ID and you use manual or integrated replenishment SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

49 If, after you release a production order for a product, you remove the identified stock type completely from the product, the system tries to satisfy the replenishment demand by using an identified stock ID. It creates a replenishment task that requires an identified stock ID. In this case you must: Confirm the replenishment task without the identified stock ID As a consequence, you now have inventory of the product without an identified stock ID. Production demand stays open as long as you do not confirm the production task, because the demand for the product is not fulfilled by inventory with an identified stock ID. For example, your production order requests 10 pieces of product PRO_1 with identified stock IS99. However, in your inventory, you have 10 pieces of PRO_1 but without IS99. Reject any new manual or integrated replenishment tasks with an identified stock ID. This is only necessary if another replenishment task is created between the confirmation of the replenishment task and the confirmation of the production task. The replenishment task could be created as a consequence of the first replenishment not fulfilling the production demand. Confirm the production task for the relevant product without the identified stock ID. Stock Transfer The stock transfer scenario combines an outbound logistics process on the sending side and an inbound logistics process on the receiving side. See the sections above on the steps you should take for inbound and outbound processes. For stock transfers within your company (intra-company stock transfers), you have the additional consideration of an identified stock type change after posting goods issue on the sending side and before posting the goods receipt on the receiving side. After the goods receipt posting, you need to adjust the in-transit stock by using the Adjust In Transit Stock common task in the Physical Inventory work center. For example, you ship 3 pieces of product PRO_1 without an identified stock ID from Site 1 to Site 2. You now have in-transit stock of 3 pieces of PRO_1 without an identified stock ID. You then specify an identified stock type of batch where previously no type was specified for PRO_1. You must post goods receipt for 3 pieces of PRO_1 with an identified stock ID (for example IS99). You then have the following in transit stock: Product Identified Stock ID Inventory PRO_1 None 3 pieces PRO_1 IS99-3 pieces With the adjust in-transit stock transaction, the system posts both inventory lines to zero. Pre-Delivery of Spare Parts on Service Order Confirmations The pre-delivery of spare parts is an outbound delivery process with the added feature that you deliver the inventory to the customer while it is still reported in the system (pre-delivered stock). If you change the identified stock type after you ship but before you submit a service confirmation, you need to adjust the pre-delivered stock using the Change of Pre-Delivered Stock common task in the Physical Inventory work center. For example, you ship 3 pieces of spare part PRO_1 with no identified stock ID to the customer. You now have predelivered stock of 3 pieces of PRO_1 without an identified stock ID. You then specify an identified stock type of batch where previously no type was specified for the product PRO_1. Now you must adjust the pre-delivered stock of 3 pieces of PRO_1 with an identified stock ID (for example IS99). You now have the following in transit stock: Product Identified Stock Inventory Before Adjustment Posting Inventory After Adjustment Posting Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 49

50 PRO_1 None 3 Pieces Zero PRO_1 IS99 Zero 3 Pieces Physical Inventory If you have inventory which does not fit to the new identified stock type, you can count as follows Inventory reported in the system (expected inventory) can be counted as reported in the system using the old identified stock type. For example, you completely remove the identified stock type and you have inventory for identified stock IS99, you can count the actual quantity for identified stock ID IS99 Inventory not reported in the system can only be counted using the new identified stock type. For example, you completely remove the identified stock type and you have inventory for identified stock ID IS99, you cannot count the actual quantity for identified stock ID IS99. You can only count the actual quantity for the product. If you want to ensure that inventory is counted using the new or changed identified stock type, you must adjust inventory for the relevant product using the new identified stock type before your physical inventory count. Refer to the section on Existing Inventory Not Used in a Process above for further details. Change Before Cancellations in Production and Warehousing If you cancel a confirmation in production or warehouse processes, you roll the original posting back completely. This means the posting is done with the identified stock related information from the original confirmation, regardless of the identified stock type. For example, you confirm a pick task for a product with identified stock ID IS99 (batch), from logistics area Bin_1 for 2 pieces. When you cancel this confirmation, the system increases the inventory in Bin_1 by 2 pieces of IS99 (batch) even if the identified stock type has changed to a new identified stock type, or has been removed completely. After the cancellation, you must adjust the inventory by posting a change of stock using the new identified stock type. For more information, see the section on Existing Inventory Not Used in a Process above. Change Before Adjustment Postings in Production and Warehousing You can use an adjustment posting to correct an error in an original posting in the Production Control, Inbound Logistics, Internal Logistics, and Outbound Logistics work centers. In the original line item in the adjustment screen, you can only enter an adjusted quantity. This means you post the correction with the identified stock related information from the original line item, regardless of the identified stock type. If you need to change the logistics area or identified stock ID, you need to use the split quantity feature and add a new line. Here the system checks against the actual identified stock type. For example, you confirm a put-away task (one step inbound) for a product with no identified stock ID for logistics area Bin_1 with 2 pieces. You then specify an identified stock type of batch where previously no type was specified for the product. You now need to adjust the put-away quantity to 3 pieces. You have the following options: You can change the original line item by entering one piece in the adjusted quantity. This means you have now put-away 3 pieces without an identified stock ID (two put-away originally, plus one on the adjustment). To adjust the inventory using the new identified stock type, you must post a change of stock. For more information, see the section on Existing Inventory Not Used in a Process above SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

51 You can change the original line item by entering minus 2 pieces in the adjusted quantity. The system now shows that you did not put-away any products. Now you can add a new line item (using the Split Quantities feature) for three pieces. For this, you must enter an identified stock ID, for example IS99, using the new identified stock type. Now the system shows you put-away three pieces of the relevant product with identified stock ID IS99. See Also Identified Stock Management Availability Checks Overview Availability checks enable you, as a supply planner, to answer the question of whether or not a requested quantity of a product is available at a certain place at a certain point in time. Confirmations as a result of these checks not only give a reliable answer to this question, they are also required for the follow-on processes in logistics execution. Providing a reliable delivery date at the very time when a quote or order is entered in the system, helps you to improve customer satisfaction. The system allows you to check the availability for sales orders, service orders, stock transfer orders, project stock orders, and sales quotes. You can access the availability check function from the following locations: Sales Quote view of the New Business work center Sales Orders view of the Sales Orders work center Service Order Processing view of the Service Orders work center Customer Demand view of the Outbound Logistics Control work center or the Supply Planning work center Confirmation Update Runs view of the Outbound Logistics Control work center or the Supply Planning work center Availability Check Methods On the Availability Confirmation tab of the Materials view in the Product Development work center, you specify how you want the system to check the availability for a product, that is, you decide which availability check method you want to use. You can enter the following: A goods issue processing time This time is the lead time required for preparing the shipment of goods in the warehouse. It is taken into account during scheduling. Note that the working day calendar and the operating hours of the ship-from location are also considered for the goods issue processing time. If you do not enter anything here, the system uses a goods issue processing time of zero for scheduling. An availability check scope with or without an availability check horizon These settings specify which types of supply the system considers when trying to match a demand. A replenishment lead time with or without an availability check scope and availability check horizon This time specifies the maximum length of time required to produce or procure a product. If you do not enter anything on the Availability Confirmation tab, you specify that you are only interested in scheduled dates and do not want to match supply and demand. Note that you must make the settings in the product master for each planning area. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 51

52 The following methods for checking the availability and determining a confirmation are available in the system: Availability checks based on scheduling This check method results in the confirmation of the requested quantity on the date determined by scheduling. For more information, see Availability Checking Based on Scheduling. Availability checks with replenishment lead time This check method results in the confirmation of the requested quantity at the end of the replenishment lead time. For more information, see Availability Checking with Replenishment Lead Time. Product availability checks This check method results in the confirmation of the requested quantity or partial quantities by checking the customer demand against the supply. The following options are available: Availability checks with availability check scope The system matches the demand against the types of supply specified in the availability check scope. Examples for the types of supply would be stock, or stock and all receipts. For more information, see Availability Checking with Availability Check Scope. Availability checks with availability check scope and horizon The system matches the demand against the types of supply specified in the availability check scope within an availability check horizon. Examples for the types of supply would be stock, or stock and all receipts. For more information, see Availability Checking with Availability Check Scope and Availability Check Horizon. Availability checks with availability check scope, horizon, and replenishment lead time The system matches the demand with the types of supply specified in the availability check scope within an availability check horizon you specified. Examples for the types of supply would be stock, or stock and all receipts. Beyond the check horizon, the system creates or updates the confirmation based on the replenishment lead time you specified. For more information, see Availability Checking with Availability Check Scope, Availability Check Horizon, and Replenishment Lead Time. Confirmation update runs Usually, you check the availability at the very moment when a quote or order is created in the system. As an alternative, you can schedule confirmation update runs to check the availability for a large number of different demand categories, such as sales orders for a specific product category or any demand from a specific customer. For more information, see Confirmation Update Run. Availability checks in third-party order processing scenarios This check method results in the confirmation of the requested quantity based on the supplier lead time. For more information, see Availability Checking in Third-Party Order Processing Scenarios. Availability checks for complete delivery orders The system checks and aligns the availability of all items of a delivery group in a complete delivery order. For more information, see Availability Checks for Complete Delivery Orders. Irrespective of the availability check method you choose, the system always carries out ship-from determination for a customer demand to determine possible sources of supply and schedules the demand to determine the dates that are required to plan the goods delivery. Starting from the requested delivery date, the system takes into account the shipping duration to determine the requested shipment date and uses the goods issue processing time to determine the requested execution start date. For more information, see Ship-From Determination and Shipment Scheduling for Customer Demand. Sales/Service Order Settings The delivery rule settings made in the sales order or service order screen for each order item affect the result of the availability check as they restrict whether one or more confirmations may be created. The following options are available: SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

53 Multiple Deliveries This is the system s default setting for sales orders. More than one delivery may be sent to the customer, this means that the number of confirmations is not restricted. The requested delivery date does not have to be met, and the delivery may comprise the requested quantity or only part of the requested quantity. Single Delivery Only one delivery may be sent to the customer, this means that only one confirmation is created. The requested delivery date does not have to be met and the delivery may comprise the requested quantity or only part of the requested quantity. Single Delivery Full Quantity This is the system s default setting for service orders. Only one delivery may be sent to the customer, this means that only one confirmation is created. The requested delivery date does not have to be met but the delivery must include the requested quantity. If this is not possible, the system issues a confirmation with zero quantity. Single On-Time Delivery Only one delivery may be sent to the customer, this means that only one confirmation is created. The requested delivery date has to be met, but the delivery may comprise less than the requested quantity. Single On-Time Delivery - Full Quantity Only one delivery may be sent to the customer, this means that only one confirmation is created. The requested quantity has to be delivered at the requested delivery date. If this is not possible, the system issues a confirmation with zero quantity. Note that you can display the Simulated Confirmation Schedule hidden column for any of the single delivery rules. It simulates the earliest delivery date and quantity for each item to show earlier possible delivery dates. In addition, a delivery priority (Immediate, Urgent, Normal, or Low) may be assigned to a sales order. The confirmation update run considers the delivery priority when sorting the customer demand to be checked. If a sales order has delivery priority Immediate, everything that the system confirmed up to today may be released to outbound logistics right away. Project Stock Order Settings The delivery rule settings made in the project stock order screen for each order item affect the result of the availability check as they restrict whether one or more confirmations may be created. The following options are available: Multiple Deliveries This is the system s default setting for project stock orders. More than one delivery may be sent to the customer, this means that the number of confirmations is not restricted. The requested delivery date does not have to be met, and the delivery may comprise the requested quantity or only part of the requested quantity. Working with Availability Checks Starting from the requested delivery date given by the customer, the system determines the confirmed delivery date. Depending on the availability check method you use, the system takes into account different criteria to calculate this date. A traffic-light system helps you to find out easily if the requested quantity of the product your customer ordered is available on the requested date. The colors displayed for the availability status of each customer demand item provide the following information: Green: The required quantity is fully confirmed on time. Yellow: The required quantity is partially confirmed or confirmed on a later date than requested. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 53

54 Red: The required quantity cannot be confirmed at all (confirmation with zero quantity) or an error occurred, for example, missing transport lane. Gray: Availability check was not performed, for example, if the sales order data is inconsistent. If the requested delivery date is not entered in the sales order, service order, stock transfer order, project stock order, or sales quote, the availability status is determined based on whether or not the requested quantity is available. When the order is saved, the system creates a customer demand that you can see in the Customer Demand view of the Outbound Logistics Control work center or Supply Planning work center. Schedule lines for the individual order items provide more detailed information about the dates and quantities that are requested, confirmed, released, not confirmed, or fulfilled. At the same time, you can monitor the confirmed schedule lines as due deliveries in the Delivery Due List view of the Outbound Logistics Control work center. When you release the customer demand or due delivery, a delivery proposal is created, which you can see in the Delivery Proposals view of the Outbound Logistics work center. The warehouse manager can then create a warehouse request for the delivery proposal or post a goods issue. Changing the Result of Availability Checks If you want to change the result of the availability checks manually, you can use the following functions: Select source of supply If you do not want to use the ship-from site or supplier that the system found in ship-from determination for a customer demand, you can select any of the alternative sources of supply displayed in the Order Logistics Details screen. A simulative availability check, that is, without confirming quantities was performed for the alternative sources listed here. If you select one of them, the system carries out a binding availability check with confirmed quantities. Note that the system keeps the source that you selected manually even if the availability for this customer demand is checked again manually. If the availability is checked again in a confirmation update run, the source you selected manually is also kept unless you select the Update Source of Supply checkbox on the Confirmation Update Run screen. For more information, see Confirmation Update Run. Force confirmation In a forced confirmation, you confirm the requested quantity on the requested date for a specific customer demand. If the requested date is in the past, the system confirms on the current date. Note that you should only use this option if you are entirely sure that a demand can be confirmed as requested. You can reset a forced confirmation by canceling the confirmation or by checking the availability for the customer demand again. Note that forced confirmations are not included in confirmation update runs. Cancel confirmation The system checks availability according to the first come, first served principle, which means that the available quantity is allocated to the customer demand that is checked first. If you want to give priority to a more recent sales order from a valuable customer, for example, you can cancel a confirmation for a less important sales order. The system then creates a confirmation with a zero quantity for this sales order on the requested date. The quantity that becomes available in this way can now be allocated to the more recent sales order when you check the availability again Batch Specific Quantity Conversion Overview A batch is a quantity of the material produced during a given production run. For many products, different batches of the same product could have slightly different specifications due to changes in variables like temperature, component quality, variation in the production process, different production facilities, or different formulation for producing the same product. A batch represents a homogeneous unit with unique specifications SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

55 Whether the business is a manufacturing facility producing a material that has different specifications for different batches or procures such a material, batch-specific quantity conversion helps to take these variations into account in the business processes Oil and lubricants are bulk products in liquid form that are processed and shipped in large quantities by the oil industry. The quantity conversion between mass and volume varies considerably due to variations in temperature, formulations, component quality, and production processes. Variation in density due to temperature Conversion between mass and volume depends on the temperature, resulting in the same mass of product leading to a higher volume at a higher temperature. To take this variation into account, units of measurement for volume need to refer to the respective temperature and quantity conversions consider the respective conversion factor at that specific temperature. Different trading unit of measures like L15, L20, L25, L30 are generally used to denote the volume of the oil. Eg:- L15 represents the volume of oil in liters at 15 C. L20 represents the volume of oil in liters at 20 C. Variation in density due to other factors Different batches of the same product could have a slightly different density at the same temperature, In production processes for lubricants the density for an output product could vary for different production batches, because of changing component quality variation in the production process, e.g. external conditions, different production facilities different formulation for producing the same product To take variation in density due to all these factors into account, quantity conversion between mass and volumes at dedicated temperatures has to be done taking into account batch-specific densities. Batch based variation in the product is especially relevant for these industries: Oil and lubricants Chemicals Pharmaceuticals Food products Mill products Mining Prerequisites You have Flagged the material as Batch Managed. The solution allows you to upload and maintain multiple quantity conversions on product level. Maintained a conversion factor for the identified stock. Features Create customer specific trading units of measurement You can create customer specific trading units of measurement, and assign them to products as base unit/ planning unit/ purchasing unit/ inventory unit or sales unit. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 55

56 You can maintain the quantity conversion between the new trading units of measurement and other valid units of measurement in product master data on product ID level. You can also use the new units of measurement during tasks confirming delivery, production, and internal logistic movement. Quantity conversion at identified stock level You can mark your materials as batch dependent in the product master data. Only the materials with the identified stock types as Batch, Lot, and Mandatory Specified Stock can be marked batch dependent. If the product is marked as batch managed, Batch Dependent column is available in the product details. If you have maintained a conversion between a pair of units of measurement, you can use it for batch specific quantity conversions. For all products marked as Batch Managed, you can maintain conversion factors while creating or changing an identified stock. The flag Batch Dependent is only enabled for the material that is batch managed. In product master, quantity conversions can be changed. But, batch dependent quantity conversions cannot be deleted at the product level, if conversions are maintained at identified stock level. Cyclic quantity conversions are not supported If Batch Dependent flag is set for conversions in product master after identified stocks are already created, then you have to enter quantity conversion at identified stock level whenever those identified stocks are used after the flag is turned on. Production Bill of Material and Production Model setup You can create production bill of material and production model in any unit of measurement that is supported in the product master, and for which a valid quantity conversion is maintained. Production process During the production process, the solution allows you to capture the actual specifications of the goods produced. This ensures that the production tasks and the inventory are updated correctly. In the production process, the production proposal and production request are created in the planning unit of measurement of the product. The production order also represents quantities in the units of measurement, as defined in the production model. While creating production request from production proposal, if there is a change of units between the planning and production model, then the system uses the conversions in product master, even if the conversions is marked batch dependent. This happens because at this point of time, the system does not know the actual batch details. When you save the task during confirmation, the unit of measurement used in production bill of material is used. The system calculates the task open quantities based on batch dependent quantity conversion factors. For input product, if the quantity conversion is not maintained for the selected identified stock of the product, the system raises an error. For an output product, you have to enter a quantity conversion while creating a new identified stock SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

57 While creating identified stock during production receipt, the quantity conversion is not defaulted from the product master. You have to enter a quantity conversion manually. At the time of creating an identified stock, you can only enter one conversion. This identified stock can later be modified and new conversions can be put in as required by business. Sell from stock process During Sell from Stock process, the ATP check and the requirement planning happens based on the default quantity conversion for the product because the system does not know which batch will be issued against the sales order. When issuing the product, actual quantity conversion is used. The resulting customer demand, outbound delivery proposal, and the warehouse request also mention the quantities in the units of measurement used for planning. In the warehouse tasks, when you enter the actual identified stock details, the planned quantity in the inventory unit of measurement is recalculated based on the actual quantity conversions maintained at the identified stock level. As the customers might receive a different quantity than what has been ordered due to the differences arising out of batch level fluctuations, the system helps you in invoicing the customers for the quantities that have been actually delivered. Procure to pay process Procure to pay process involves the creation of purchase order and the subsequent receipt of goods against the order. As the system does not know the batch specific details at the time of creating the purchase order, these details are taken into account while performing goods receipt. The system creates an invoicing for the quantity that has actually been received based on the batch conversions. Stock transfer process Stock Transfer process involves the transfer of goods between the sites of the same company. This is generally performed to make sure that goods are available at every location of a company, and can be consumed by the business as required. Stock transfer involves outbound from the sending side, and inbound to the receiving side. The system creates an outbound delivery at the sending side, and an inbound delivery notification at the receiving side. These documents include the batch specific information. In case the stock transfer is triggered from MRP planning, the corresponding stock transfer order specifies quantities in the planning unit of measurement. This unit might not refer to a volume at a certain temperature and thus the warehouse execution team might not know the quantity that has to be shipped. In such a case, the system first changes the quantity in the stock transfer order to a quantity known in warehouse, e.g. L15. Return to supplier process Return to Supplier process involves the scenario where the business is not content with the goods received from the supplier and wish to send the goods back to the supplier. For returning a batch managed material, the system makes it mandatory to enter batch level information. The goods can belong to the same batch or to different batches. If you want to return goods from two different batches, then the system requires you to create two separate line items while returning. Customer return process Customer return process involves the scenario where the business receives the goods back from customer, since the latter is not satisfied with goods delivered by business. While creating a customer return notification against an outbound delivery, the system shows the batch originally issued in the outbound delivery. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 57

58 In case the goods were initially issued in two different batches referring to same outbound delivery item, then, while creating customer return notification, you have to create two different line items, if you are receiving both the batches from customer. Physical inventory management Physical inventory management, refers to the business process, where inventory adjustments shall be performed based on the inventory count either at a product level or at a particular location. While filling the count details against the product in count document, you can enter any unit of measurement that is supported at product master level. If the product is batch managed and conversion between the counting unit and the inventory unit is batch dependent, then you have to maintain related conversions at batch level. Internal logistics handling Internal logistics handling refers to all ad-hoc inventory movements happening within the warehouse. You have to enter the identified stock, and maintain the quantity conversion at batch level if The product is batch managed Conversion between unit of measurement in which the transaction is happening and the inventory unit of measurement is batch dependent There is a change of stock Inventory overview In the stock overview, you can see the on-hand inventory in the inventory unit of measurement for all the batches. The system uses batch conversion to display quantities in alternative unit of measurement. If the inventory is displayed across all the batches, the system uses the product conversion to display the quantities in the alternative unit of measurement. Limitations Batch valuation is not covered for batch specific quantity conversion. Batch specific quantity conversion is not available for the following scenarios: Demand and Supply Planning Third Party Order (TPOP) Process Third Party Logistics (3PL) Process ATP Check Quality Management Point of Sales Process OTC Process Materials in Projects Process SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

59 2.3 Tasks Create a Material Template and Create a Material from a Template Overview You can create a material template for each product category. You can use these templates to create individual materials with the same basic data. You can also create multiple materials at once from the same material template. You can create a material template from one of the following: Product Data work center, Materials view, Material Templates subview. Product Data work center, Materials view, Materials subview. You can also create a new material template by starting the New Material Template common task that belongs to the Product Data work center. Procedure 1. To create a material template, from the Material Templates subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center do the following: a. Click New and follow the instructions for creating a material. For more information, see Create a Material in the Tasks section of the Materials Quick Guide [page 39]. If you create a new material template for a product category for which a material template already exists, the new material template overwrites the original template. b. Click Save to save the new material template. 2. Alternatively, to create a material template, from the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center do the following: a. Select the material from which you want to create a template for a product category. b. Click Edit, and in the Material screen that opens, click Set as Template. c. Click Save to save the new material template. Procedure 1. To create a material from a template, choose the Material Templates subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the material template you want to use as the basis for the new material or materials. 3. Click Create from Template. 4. In the dialog box enter the number of new materials you want to create. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 59

60 5. For the new material or materials, if you want the processes such as purchasing, logistics, planning, availability confirmation, sales, and valuation to be created with the status In Preparation, select the Create with In Preparation Status option. 6. For the new material or materials, if you want the processes such as purchasing such as purchasing, logistics, planning, availability confirmation, sales, and valuation to be created with the same status as the source material select the Create with Source Status option. 7. Click OK. 8. You can now use the mass change function to enter or change information for all or some of the new materials. For more information about the mass change function, see Mass Change of Materials [page 68]. 9. Click Save to save the new materials Assign Purchasing Details to a Material Overview You can assign purchasing processes to a material by applying the appropriate status. You can also assign advanced purchasing details such as a specific purchasing unit of measure, internal comments, purchasing notes, supplier information, and tax information. You can assign purchasing details to a material in one of the following views: Product Data work center, Materials view Product Development work center, Materials view Product and Service Portfolio work center, Products view Procedure 1. Choose the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the material and click Edit to open the Material quick activity. 3. Go to the Purchasing tab. 4. Set the Status to In Preparation. The material is available for purchasing processes only once the status is Active. For more information about statuses, see Assigning Statuses to a Material [page 44]. 5. Optional: Maintain deviations from the standard tax rate. a. Click Maintain Non-Standard Tax Rates. b. Click Add Row. c. Enter the Country, Region, Tax Type, Tax Type Rate, and Tax Exemption Reason as required. 6. Optional: Enter advanced purchasing details for the material. a. Click View All and go to the Purchasing tab. b. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the purchasing unit of measure. If necessary, select a different Purchasing UoM SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

61 If the purchasing UoM is different than the base UoM, you must maintain a quantity conversion between them. For more information, see Add Quantity Conversions to a Material [page 67]. c. Enter any Internal Comments. d. Enter the Purchasing Notes that should display on purchase orders created for the material. e. If you buy the material from one or more suppliers, enter the Supplier Part Number and/or the Supplier Lead Time for each supplier. A supplier part number is the number that the supplier uses to identify the material, and the supplier lead time is the amount of time required to receive the material from the supplier. The supplier lead time grants the production planner the ability to easily determine when the material will be available again. f. Enter any relevant non-standard Taxes. g. Enter any relevant Withholding Tax details. 7. To activate the material for purchasing processes, set the Status to Active. 8. Click Save to save your changes Assign Logistics Details to a Material Overview You can assign basic logistic details to a material to track and control its internal movement and delivery. You can also assign advanced logistics details such as a specific inventory valuation unit of measure and additional production and storage sites. You can assign logistics details to a material in one of the following views: Product Data work center, Materials view Product Development work center, Materials view Product and Service Portfolio work center, Products view Procedure 1. Choose the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the material and click Edit to open the Material quick activity. 3. Go to the Logistics tab and click Add Row. 4. Select a Site and maintain a status for the material for this site. The initial status is In Preparation. The material is available for logistics processes at each site only once the status is Active. For more information about statuses, see Assigning Statuses to a Material [page 44]. 5. Enter a Production Group and Storage Group for each site. 6. Optional: Enter advanced logistics details for the material. a. Click View All and go to the Logistics tab. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 61

62 b. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the inventory valuation unit of measure. If necessary, select a different Inventory Valuation UoM. If the inventory valuation UoM is different than the base UoM, you must maintain a quantity conversion between them. For more information, see Add Quantity Conversions to a Material [page 67]. The inventory valuation UoM cannot be changed after the material has been activated for logistics or valuation. c. Optional: Enter an interval for cycle counting. 7. To activate the material for logistics processes, set the Status to Active. 8. Click Save to save your changes Assign Supply Planning Details to a Material Overview You can assign basic supply planning details and a status to each planning area that is associated with a material. You can also assign advanced supply planning details such as a specific planning unit of measure and forecasting group as well as lot-sizing details, safety stock levels, reorder methods, and days of supply for each planning area. You can assign supply planning details to a material in one of the following views: Product Data work center, Materials view Product Development work center, Materials view Product and Service Portfolio work center, Products view Procedure 1. Choose the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the material and click Edit to open the Material quick activity. 3. Go to the Planning tab. 4. Optional: Select the Forecasting Group for the material. 5. Enter the basic details for each planning area. a. In the Planning Areas table, click Add Row and select a Planning Area. Supply planning areas are defined in the Locations view of the Supply Chain Design Master Data work center. To define a location as a supply planning area, go to the General tab for the location and select the Logistics Relevance checkbox in the Roles area. For more information, see Create and Edit a Location. b. The initial status of the each planning area you add is In Preparation. Update the status as necessary. The material is available for planning at the selected planning area only once the status is Active. For more information about statuses, see Assigning Statuses to a Material [page 44]. Select a Procurement Type and, if necessary, a Planned Delivery Lead Time. c. Select a Planning Procedure. For some planning procedures, you must enter a Lot-Sizing Method. Likewise, for some lotsizing methods, you must enter additional mandatory information SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

63 6. Optional: Enter advanced planning details for the material and its planning areas. a. Click View All and go to the Planning tab. b. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the planning unit of measure. If necessary, select a different Planning UoM. If the planning UoM is different than the base UoM, you must maintain a quantity conversion between them. For more information, see Add Quantity Conversions to a Material [page 67]. c. Select the Forecasting Group for the material. d. In the Planning Areas table, select a planning area and edit its Group, Procurement, Planning, and Monitoring details as required. 7. To activate the material for planning at a planning area, set the Status to Active. 8. Click Save to save your changes Assign Availability Confirmation Details to a Material Overview You can assign basic availability confirmation details and a status to each planning area that is involved in checking the availability of a material. You can also assign advanced availability confirmation details such as a specific planning unit of measure as well as ship-from site determination and scheduling details. You can assign availability confirmation details to a material in one of the following views: Product Data work center, Materials view Product Development work center, Materials view Product and Service Portfolio work center, Products view Procedure 1. Choose the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the material and click Edit to open the Material quick activity. 3. Go to the Availability Confirmation tab. 4. Enter the basic details for each planning area. a. In the Planning Areas table, select a planning area. b. In the Status column, the status of the planning area is initially set to In Preparation. Update the status as appropriate. The material is available for availability confirmation at the selected planning area only once the status is Active. For more information about statuses, see Assigning Statuses to a Material [page 44]. c. Optional: Select the Availability Check Scope for the planning area. For some availability check scopes, you must also enter an Availability Check Horizon. d. Optional: Enter the Replenishment Lead Time for the planning area. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 63

64 e. Optional: Select the Goods Issue Processing Time for the planning area. 5. Optional: Enter advanced availability confirmation details for the material and its planning areas. a. Click View All and go to the Valuation tab. b. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the planning unit of measure. If necessary, select a different Planning UoM. If the planning UoM is different than the base UoM, you must maintain a quantity conversion between them. For more information, see Add Quantity Conversions to a Material [page 67]. c. In the Planning Areas table, select a planning area. d. Select the Availability Check Scope for the planning area. For some availability check scopes, you must also enter an Availability Check Horizon. e. Enter the Replenishment Lead Time for the planning area. f. If you do not want the planning area to be used as the default source of supply during sales order creation, select the Disable Automatic Ship-From Determination check box. g. Select the Goods Issue Processing Time for the planning area. 6. To activate the material for availability confirmation at a planning area, set the Status to Active. 7. Click Save to save your changes Assign Sales Details to a Material Overview You can assign basic sales details and a status to each distribution chain that is involved in selling a material. You can also assign advanced sales details to each distribution chain, for example, a specific sales unit of measure, warranties, internal comments, sales notes, customer part numbers, and tax information. You can assign sales details to a material in one of the following views: Product Data work center, Materials view Product Development work center, Materials view Product and Service Portfolio work center, Products view Procedure 1. Choose the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the material and click Edit to open the Material quick activity. 3. Go to the Sales tab. 4. Enter the basic details for each distribution chain. a. In the Distribution Chains table, click Add Row. b. Define a distribution chain by entering a sales organization and a distribution channel. c. Select an Item Group. The item group is required for creating and processing sales and service documents. The following product-related item groups are available: SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

65 CONS for spare parts with costs charged to a cost center NORM for standard products PICK for spare parts that are picked up by the service performer SHIP for spare parts that are pre-delivered to the customer For more information on these item groups, see Services. d. In the Status column, the initial status is In Preparation. Update the status as appropriate. The material is available for the selected distribution chain only once the status is Active. For more information about statuses, see Assigning Statuses to a Material [page 44]. 5. Optional: Maintain deviations from the standard tax rate. a. Click Maintain Non-Standard Tax Rates. b. Click Add Row. c. Enter the Country, Region, Tax Type, Tax Type Rate, and Tax Exemption Reason as required. 6. Optional: Enter advanced sales details for the material. a. Click View All and go to the Sales tab. b. In the Distribution Chains table, select a distribution chain. c. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the sales unit of measure for the distribution chain. If necessary, select a different Sales UoM. If the sales UoM is different than the base UoM, you must maintain a quantity conversion between them. For more information, see Add Quantity Conversions to a Material [page 67]. d. Choose the Item Group for the distribution chain. e. Enter Warranty details. f. Enter any Internal Comments. You can enter multiple internal comments for each combination of material and distribution chain. g. Enter any Sales Notes. You can enter one sales note for each combination of material and distribution chain. Sales notes are visible in the following follow-on documents: Sales order Pick list Delivery note h. Enter any Customer Part Number details. i. Enter any relevant non-standard Taxes. 7. To activate the material for a distribution chain, set the Status to Active. To ensure that financial postings run smoothly, you should activate the valuation process for the associated company as well. For more information, see Assign Valuation Details to a Material [page 66]. 8. Click Save to save your changes. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 65

66 2.3.7 Assign Valuation Details to a Material Overview You can assign basic valuation details and a status to each company and business residence that provides financial data for a material. You can also assign advanced valuation details such as a specific inventory valuation unit of measure and cost information for each relevant set of books. You can assign valuation details to a material in one of the following views: Product Data work center, Materials view Product Development work center, Materials view Product and Service Portfolio work center, Products view Procedure 1. Choose the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the material and click Edit to open the Material quick activity. 3. Go to the Valuation tab. 4. In the Companies/Business Residences table, click Add Row to enter a company and business residence. a. In the Details fields, you can edit the cost information of the default set of books assigned to the company and business residence. b. Select the Account Determination Group for the material. The account determination group defines the rules that determine which accounts are used for automatic postings. For more information, see Automatic Account Determination. c. Select the Perpetual Cost Method. A perpetual cost method is required in order for the material to be posted in financial accounting. For more information, see Perpetual Cost Methods. d. In the Status column, the initial status is In Preparation. Update the status as appropriate. The material is available for the selected company/business residence only once the status is Active. For more information about statuses, see Assigning Statuses to a Material [page 44]. 5. Optional: Enter advanced valuation details for the material and its companies/business residences. a. Click View All and go to the Valuation tab. b. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the inventory valuation unit of measure. If necessary, select a different Inventory Valuation UoM. If the inventory valuation UoM is different than the base UoM, you must maintain a quantity conversion between them. For more information, see Add Quantity Conversions to a Material [page 67]. The inventory valuation UoM cannot be changed after the material has been activated for one of the companies/business residences or after the material has been activated for logistics. c. In the Companies/Business Residences table, select a company/business residence. d. Select the Account Determination Group for the material. The account determination group defines the rules that determine which accounts are used for automatic postings. For more information, see Automatic Account Determination SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

67 e. Select the Perpetual Cost Method. A perpetual cost method is required in order for the material to be posted in financial accounting. For more information, see Perpetual Cost Methods. f. You can update the cost information for each set of books assigned to the selected company/business residence. To do so, select the set of books and click Edit Cost. A set of books forms a complete and consistent set of accounting data that is required for statutory reporting and creating financial statements. For more information, see Set of Books. When you edit the material later, if a new set of books has been assigned to the company/ business residence, it automatically displays on the Valuation tab. However, you must then save the material to ensure that the new set of books is applied to the material. Cost changes are not recorded directly in the material. To view the complete history of cost changes, go to the Material Unit Costs view of the Inventory Valuation work center, select the material, and then click View Cost History. Note that this function is not available for the cost type Planned Cost. 6. To activate the material for a company/business residence, set the Status to Active. 7. Click Save to save your changes Add Quantity Conversions to a Material Overview By default, the base UoM (unit of measure) is also the unit of measure for the purchasing, logistics, planning, availability confirmation, sales, and valuation processes. If you select a different UoM for any process, you must specify the equivalent measurements between the base UoM and the different process UoM. For example, if the base UoM is box and the sales UoM is crate, you might specify how many boxes there are for every crate. To ensure proper calculations, the base UoM should be the smallest unit of measure for the material. If you change the base UoM after the material has been activated for any processes, you must specify the equivalent measurements between the old base UoM and the new base UoM. You can add quantity conversions to a material in one of the following views: Product Data work center, Materials view Product Development work center, Materials view Product and Service Portfolio work center, Products view Procedure 1. Choose the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the material and click Edit to open the Material quick activity. 3. Click View All. 4. In the Quantity Conversions table, click Add Row. 5. Enter the equivalent quantities between two different units of measure. a. In the Quantity column of the new row, enter one unit of measure and quantity. b. In the Corresponding Quantity column of the new row, enter the other unit of measure and quantity. 6. For each additional conversion, add another row and repeat the step above. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 67

68 7. Click Save to save your changes Mass Change of Materials Overview You can quickly update the general and business area details of multiple materials at once. You can carry out a mass change of materials in one of the following views: Product Data work center, Materials view and Material Templates view Product Development work center, Materials view Product and Service Portfolio work center, Products view If you want to update the details of multiple materials that are based on the same material template, you can easily identify and change these materials by going to the Material Templates subview, selecting the relevant material template, choosing Mass Change and following the procedure described below. Procedure 1. Choose the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data work center. The Mass Change quick activity is opened automatically when you use the Create from Template function to create materials. For more information, see the section Create a Material Template and Create a Material from a Template above. 2. Select the materials that you want to update and click Mass Change to open the Mass Change quick activity. 3. In the Show list, select the type of information that you want to update. When you select to show general information, each material is listed on a single row. However, when you select to show business area details, only the materials with those details are listed, and each material may be listed on multiple rows. For example, when showing planning details, a material that is not assigned to any planning areas would not be listed, whereas a material that is assigned to two planning areas would be listed on two rows, one row for each planning area. 4. In the first row of the table, enter the information that you want to apply to some or all of the materials. 5. To apply the information to only some of the materials, select the relevant materials, click Apply Mass Change, and then choose Selected Items. To apply the information to all of the materials, click Apply Mass Change, and then choose All Items. Using the Mass Change quick activity, you can also update the information of each material manually. You can make these changes directly in the row of a material. 6. You can also use Add Organization Data to add one or more organizations to one or more materials. a. Select the material or materials to which you want to add organization data. b. Click Add Organization Data and select the type of organization that you want to add to the material. c. In the dialog box, select one or more organizations and choose OK. A list is displayed with one line for each combination of material and organization. You can now select the items to which you want to SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

69 apply the change. To apply the information to only some of the materials, select the relevant materials, click Apply Mass Change, and then choose Selected Items. To apply the information to all of the materials, click Apply Mass Change, and then choose All Items. 7. To save your changes and return to the Materials view, click Save and Close Create Materials Using Microsoft Excel Overview You can create materials by entering them in a predefined Microsoft Excel template and uploading them to the SAP Business ByDesign system. Prerequisites You have installed the latest Add-In for Microsoft Excel. Depending on your solution set-up, you can do this from the Self Services Overview in the Home work center, from the Download Center in the Application and User Management work center, or from the Download link that is available directly on the user interface. Also, the settings for your browser must be set correctly. You can check this by clicking Check My Computer Settings on the logon screen. Steps In the SAP Business ByDesign system, in the Materials subview in the Materials view of the Product Data or Product Development work center, click New, then Material from Microsoft Excel. Get the Template 1. Select the template. Choose the template in the required language and click Download. You can choose any language that you have selected during scoping. If you have selected only one language during scoping, you will not get a selection of language versions to choose from. 2. Decide what you want to do with the template. Choose one of the following options: If you want to use the template only once, you can open the template without saving it. Click Open. If you want to save the template so that you can use it again, choose a location to save the file to, enter an appropriate file name, and click Save. Then click Open. If you have previously downloaded and saved this template on your computer, navigate to the location where you have saved the template, and open it. Log on to the solution from Microsoft Excel 1. In the SAP Add-In ribbon in Microsoft Excel, click Logon. If the SAP Add-In ribbon is not displayed, check to make sure that the Add-In for Microsoft Excel has been installed correctly (see Prerequisites in this document). A dialog box opens where you can enter the logon details. The system URL is proposed automatically. The system URL is the URL of the system that you are working with. Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 69

70 2. Enter your user ID and your password, and click Logon. After initial logon to the system, the ribbon text is changed from SAP Add-In to the name of your solution. Enter Details in the Microsoft Excel Template Note the following: The Microsoft Excel template is presented with a number of rows where you can enter or copy your data. If you need more, add the number of rows you need before you start entering or copying your data. Ensure that mandatory fields (those marked with an asterisk) are filled. To help you fill in the details: Some fields have dropdown lists. In some fields you can search the system for data, for example, countries. Place the cursor on the field, and click Lookup in your solution's tool bar or ribbon to search the system. A search field is available in the Lookup dialog box that appears. When you start to type text in the search field, the relevant entries are filtered in the ID and Description columns, meaning that you do not have to scroll through the whole list. If the Lookup button is not active in the ribbon or toolbar, then it is not possible to perform a search. Enter the general and business area details for the materials that you want to create. Enter each material in a single row. If internal number ranges have been configured for materials, you do not have to enter material IDs manually; when you save the materials to the system, material IDs will be entered automatically. For more information, see Configuration: Number Ranges. Save Your Data 1. After you have finished entering all the data, save the Microsoft Excel file. 2. Click Save Data to. A dialog box opens, informing you that the data is being saved to the solution. After the upload, a message informs you that your data has been saved in the solution. If you do not provide all the required information, or if you provide incorrect information, some records will not be saved. Error messages will highlight the problems so that you can correct them and save the data again. 3. You can then log off by clicking Logoff. Result The new materials are saved in the SAP Business ByDesign system and added to the list in the Materials view. If you need to make changes to these materials, you can change them in the Microsoft Excel template and upload them again to the SAP Business ByDesign system, or you can change them directly in the system. After a material is changed directly in the SAP Business ByDesign system, you can no longer use the Microsoft Excel template to update that material SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

71 You should not use the Microsoft Excel template to remove or change the following information: Logistics: Production group sites and storage group sites Planning: Planning areas Availability Confirmation: Planning areas Sales: Sales organizations and distribution channels Valuation: Companies and business residences If you remove such information from this Microsoft Excel template and then upload the material, the information will nonetheless remain assigned to the material. If you change such information in this Microsoft Excel template and then upload the material, the changed information will be assigned to the material, but the previous information will remain assigned as well. Therefore, to make such changes, you should rather access the material directly in the system Export Business Data Using Microsoft Excel Overview You can export reports and worklists to Microsoft Excel documents. You can use these documents for further analysis, and in some cases, edit and upload them to the solution. You can export data from a report or from a worklist. Prerequisites You have installed the latest Add-In for Microsoft Excel. Depending on your solution set-up, you can do this from the: Self Services Overview in the Home work center Download Center in the Application and User Management work center Download link that is available directly on the user interface The settings for your browser must be set correctly. You can review the information about computer settings by clicking Check My Computer Settings on the logon screen. You must be authorized to perform an export to Microsoft Excel. Procedure 1. Go to the screen with the data you want to export. 2. Depending on the type of data, choose one of these options: For a report, you can either export a chart or a table. To do so, select the report, and click Switch to Chart or Switch to Table. For a worklist, select the worklist and click Go. 3. Click Export, then choose To Microsoft Excel. 4. Optional: Personalizing your excel export 1. To select the columns in your exported excel, do the following: a. In the title bar, click Personalize This screen Materials View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 71

72 b. In the side panel, select Display Settings. c. In the Display Settings dialog box, you can export all the columns in the view by selecting All in the Export Columns field The default value for this field is Visible, which exports only the currently displayed columns. 2. To select the language for your excel export, do the following a. In the Display Settings dialog box, set the Language Selection field to Show and click OK b. Click Save. c. Click Export, then choose To Microsoft Excel d. Select a language in the dialog box that opens. The column selection preference in this dialog box allows you to override the personalized setting. This selection is valid for the current export only. 5. Select the template in the dialog box that is displayed. If there is only one template that has the logged in language variant, then the export will be performed in the logged in language, and no user interaction is required. If there is only one template in the system for this export scenario, but the logged in language variant is not available, then export will be performed in the English language. If there is more than one template in the system for this export scenario, the Template List dialog box is displayed. In this dialog, you can select the Microsoft Excel template that you want to use for the export. The template will dictate how your exported data will be formatted. The Microsoft Excel version that is relevant for each template is displayed. 6. Click Download. 7. A message shows that you can open or save the file which contains the data that you have just exported from the solution. Click Open or Save depending on what you want to do with the exported data. Depending on whether you click Open or Save, there are two possible results: If you click Open, a worksheet opens with the data in Microsoft Excel. The file has a temporary name, but it is not saved. You can use all the functions of Microsoft Excel to organize the data and to save that worksheet. If you click Save, a Save As dialog box opens. You can specify an appropriate file name and a location to save the exported Microsoft Excel file to. A message will inform you when the download has completed successfully. You can later navigate to the location where you have saved the template and open it SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Materials View

73 3 Services View 3.1 Quick Guide for Services (in Product Data) It is important for you to have a deep understanding of all the services your company offers. Thus, the Services view provides a central entry point for viewing all the services in your system, creating new services, and maintaining important service-related information. You can access this view from the Product Data work center. Business Background Assigning Statuses to a Service A service can be involved in various business processes. For this reason, a service is divided into sections for purchasing, sales, and valuation. Each section includes details specific to the business process as well as one or more statuses indicating the completeness or readiness of the service for that process. Therefore, when creating a new service, it is important to apply the correct statuses to ensure that the relevant processes are assigned and that data in these areas is kept up-to-date. For more information, see Assigning Statuses to a Service [page 76] Cost Center Management Accounting Cost Center Management Accounting provides functions for managing and allocating overhead costs. Examples of costs that are generally classified as overhead include operating supplies, wages and salaries, social security contributions, and depreciation. In contrast to direct costs, overhead costs cannot be traced directly to a cost object but must first be accumulated on the cost centers that requested the services. At the end of each period, you use the overhead distribution and overhead absorption functions to credit the cost centers for the accumulated overhead and allocate it to the cost objects. For more information, see Cost Center Management Accounting [page 77]. Service Cost Allocation to Cost Objects When products are manufactured and delivered to customers, costs are incurred by the cost centers for the services and resources required to perform the work. A resource is a production factor such as labor, equipment, or vehicles, while a service is the activity performed by a resource. Production workers enter the consumption quantities of the services and resources into the system by means of activity confirmations. The confirmations result in the allocation of direct costs from the cost centers to the sales orders, service orders, projects, or production lots that requested the work. Service cost allocation is based on the resource and service cost rates defined in the Cost and Revenue work center, Resource Cost Rates and Service Cost Rates views. For more information, see Service Cost Allocation to Cost Objects [page 79]. Services View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 73

74 Pricing in Customer Relationship Management Pricing is based on price master data such as price lists and discount lists, which are used to automatically calculate pricing within all business documents for sales and service processes. A predefined pricing procedure is used to determine the gross value the customer has to pay for certain products or services to be received on a certain day at a certain place. The pricing procedure consists of price components, such as list price, discounts, surcharges, freights, taxes, and costs. The order of these price components is essential for the calculation of the total value. For more information, see Pricing in Customer Relationship Management [page 25]. Tax Determination As a rule, companies are legally required to calculate taxes on products that they buy or sell, and to levy these taxes from their customers. After the products have been provided, the taxes must be declared and levied to the respective tax authorities. The system supports you by providing a substantially automated tax calculation for the following tax types: Value-Added Tax (VAT), Sales and Use Tax, Withholding Tax. The system also provides a reporting tool that gives you effective control over your obligatory declaration of these taxes. For more information, see Tax Determination [page 5]. Tasks Create a Service 1. Choose the Services subview in the Services view of the Product Data work center. 2. Click New and then Service to open the New Service quick activity. 3. Enter the Service ID. If internal number ranges have been configured for services, you cannot enter a service ID manually; when you save the service, the system assigns the next available ID automatically. For more information, see Configuration: Number Ranges. 4. Enter the Service Description. For information about descriptions in other languages, see Add Service Descriptions in Other Languages below. 5. Select the Product Category to which you want to assign the new service. 6. In the Base UoM field, enter the default unit of measure for the service. It will be used for purchasing, sales, and valuation unless different units of measure are selected manually for those processes. The base UoM should be the smallest unit of measure for the service. Therefore, if you select different units of measure for any processes, make sure that the base UoM is always smaller. 7. Optional: Enter advanced general details for the service. a. Click View All. b. To indicate that the service should be treated as an expense for financial purposes, select the Expense Indicator check box. The check box is grayed out as soon as you save the service. c. To add, delete, or replace a product image for the service, click Image and select the appropriate option. 8. Click Save to save your changes SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Services View

75 Create a Service Template and Create a Service from a Template For more information about this task, see here [page 80]. Assign Purchasing Details to a Service For information about this task, see here [page 81]. Assign Sales Details to a Service For information about this task, see here [page 82]. Assign Valuation Details to a Service For information about this task, see here [page 83]. Add Quantity Conversions to a Service For information about this task, see here [page 84]. Add Service Descriptions in Other Languages 1. Choose the Services subview in the Services view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the service and click Edit to open the Service quick activity. The Service Description field displays the description of the service in your logon language. 3. Click View All. 4. At the top of the General tab, click Other Languages. 5. To add a description of the service in another language, click Add Row. If you do not maintain a service description for a language, a description will not appear on business documents in that language. 6. In the new row, select a Language and enter the Service Description. 7. In the Details section, enter additional information about the service and click Save. Mass Change of Services You can quickly update the general and business area details of multiple services at once. For information about this task, see here [page 85]. Create Services Using Microsoft Excel You can create services using a predefined Microsoft Excel template. For information about this task, see here [page 86]. Export Services to Microsoft Excel You can export services to Microsoft Excel. For more information about this task, see here [page 71]. Services View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 75

76 3.2 Business Background Assigning Statuses to a Service Overview A service can be involved in various business processes. For this reason, a service is divided into sections for purchasing, sales, and valuation. Each section includes details specific to the business process as well as one or more statuses indicating the completeness or readiness of the service for that process. Therefore, when creating a new service, it is important to apply the correct statuses to ensure that the relevant processes are assigned and that data in these areas is kept up-to-date. Features Changes to Statuses The first status of a process is always Initial. You can then make the following changes in statuses before the service is saved: Initial to In Preparation or In Preparation to Initial In Preparation to Active Active to Blocked or Blocked to Active Active to Initial After a service is saved, you can make the following changes in status: Initial to In Preparation or In Preparation to Initial In Preparation to Active Active to Blocked or Blocked to Active Changing from Active to Blocked is only possible for purchasing and sales. Overall Status In cases where a process has multiple statuses, the status with the highest priority is always given as the overall status for a process. The hierarchy for status priority is as follows: Active, Blocked, In Preparation, and Initial. For example, if there is one status marked as Active, and there are multiple statuses marked as In Preparation, the overall status is given as Active. The purchasing process has only a single overall status, but the other processes can have multiple statuses. Purchasing and sales are the only two processes with the Blocked status. The statuses for processes are as follows: Statuses of Processes Overall Status Status Icon Status Combination Valid For Initial Initial Grey Purchasing, Sales, and Valuation In Preparation In Preparation Yellow Purchasing, Sales, and Valuation Blocked Blocked Purchasing and Sales Active Active Green Purchasing, Sales, and Valuation SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Services View

77 Initial and In Preparation In Preparation Yellow Sales and Valuation Initial and Blocked Blocked Red Sales Initial, In Preparation, and Blocked Blocked Red Sales Initial, In Preparation, and Active Active Green Sales and Valuation Initial, In Preparation, Blocked and Active Active Green Sales In Preparation and Blocked Blocked Red Sales In Preparation and Active Active Green Sales and Valuation In Preparation, Blocked, and Active Active Green Sales Blocked and Active Active Green Sales Cost Center Management Accounting Overview Cost Center Management Accounting provides functions for managing and allocating overhead costs. Examples of costs that are generally classified as overhead include operating supplies, wages and salaries, social security contributions, and depreciation. In contrast to direct costs, overhead costs cannot be traced directly to a cost object but must first be accumulated on the cost centers that requested the services. At the end of each period, you use the overhead distribution and overhead absorption functions to credit the cost centers for the accumulated overhead and allocate it to the cost objects. Cost Center Management Accounting enables you to: Accumulate overhead on the responsible cost centers Distribute the overhead from support cost centers to primary cost centers based on cause-and-effect criteria Credit the cost centers for the services performed and debit the cost objects Credit the cost centers by applying overhead rates to the cost objects Use reports to monitor the efficiency of your cost centers Prerequisites Management Accounting is activated in your solution configuration. To find this option, go to the Business Configuration work center and choose the Implementation Projects view. Select your implementation project and click Edit Project Scope. In the Scoping step of the project, ensure that the Management Accounting business package is selected within the Financial and Management Accounting business area. Cost Centers You create organizational units and set up organizational structures in the Organizational Management work center, Org Structures view. Each organizational unit has attributes that define its legal, managerial, and reporting significance. Services View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 77

78 For the purposes of management accounting, you need to have at least one organizational unit with the Cost Center attribute. Normally, however, you define most of your departments as cost centers to be able to monitor their efficiency. Conceptually, you can divide your cost centers into primary cost centers and support cost centers: Primary cost centers A primary cost center belongs to one of the functional cost pools of your organization, such as materials management, production, administration, sales, or research and development. Support cost centers Support cost centers provide services for other cost centers or serve as overhead cost collectors. A distinction between primary cost centers and support cost centers cannot be defined as such in the system. Functions in Cost Center Management Accounting Accumulation of overhead You accumulate overhead on support cost centers or primary cost centers in the following ways: By assigning the overhead to cost centers when entering invoices By assigning the overhead to the master cost center of the employee in payroll By assigning the overhead to the master cost center of the asset when posting depreciation If overhead is assigned to the wrong cost center, you either need to correct the business transaction or create an adjusting entry in the General Ledger work center. Distribution of overhead between cost centers Support cost centers distribute their overhead costs to primary cost centers based on allocation bases. The distribution function credits the support cost centers and debits the primary cost centers. Distribution can be based on either the original account (primary cost distribution) or special clearing accounts (secondary cost allocation). For more information, see Overhead Distribution Between Cost Centers. Allocation of service costs to cost objects The resources assigned to cost centers provide services for the production of cost objects. The available cost objects are: Sales orders Service orders Direct cost projects Production lots Service allocation debits the receivers of the services and credits the cost centers providing the services. You can define the cost rates for services in the resource and service master data. Since these costs can be traced directly to individual cost objects, they are direct costs of the cost object. For example, the costs incurred by a particular production lot or the costs for external or internal services incurred for a direct cost project are direct costs. For more information, see Service Cost Allocation to Cost Objects [page 79] Absorption of overhead by cost objects You can define overhead rates based on the direct costs incurred by the cost objects and the overhead incurred by the cost centers. When the overhead rates are applied, the cost objects are debited with their share of the overhead and the cost centers are credited. For more information, see Overhead Absorption by Cost Objects. Reports SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Services View

79 The reports available in the Cost and Revenue work center enable you to analyze the efficiency of your cost centers. They also help you determine underapplied and overapplied overhead on the cost centers and take the necessary steps to correct it. Functions in Cost Center Management Accounting For additional cost control of special time-dependent tasks, cost centers can employ overhead cost projects. Overhead cost projects are always assigned to a responsible cost center to which they directly allocate their costs. Thus they do not carry costs themselves and are therefore not cost objects. Overhead cost projects usually serve the purpose of collecting internal costs for allocation between cost centers (internal orders). Overhead cost projects can receive allocations of service costs and absorb overhead. Direct cost projects are cost objects that are interrelated. For example, a project can provide general services for other projects. To capture these relationships, direct cost projects can serve as both senders and receivers of overhead distribution. For more information, see Project Cost and Revenue Management Service Cost Allocation to Cost Objects Overview When products are manufactured and delivered to customers, costs are incurred by the cost centers for the services and resources required to perform the work. A resource is a production factor such as labor, equipment, or vehicles, while a service is the activity performed by a resource. Production workers enter the consumption quantities of the services and resources into the system by means of activity confirmations. The confirmations result in the allocation of direct costs from the cost centers to the sales orders, service orders, projects, or production lots that requested the work. Service cost allocation is based on the resource and service cost rates defined in the Cost and Revenue work center, Resource Cost Rates and Service Cost Rates views. Services View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 79

80 Valuation of Consumption Consumption is valued based on the cost rates for the resources or services consumed. To enable the system to find the appropriate cost rates, activity confirmations must always specify a resource. A service can optionally be specified in addition. Whenever activity confirmations are entered into the system, the consumptions are valued automatically by applying the cost rate to the quantities entered. If cost rates have been maintained for the resources, the system uses these rates to value the consumptions. If no cost rate for a resource exists, the service cost rates are used instead. Allocation of Costs to Requesting Entities Resources are always associated with a cost center. The cost center provides services for cost objects that request them. The following cost objects can request services: Sales orders Service orders Projects Production lots In each case, the cost object requesting the work is charged with the costs incurred, and the cost center where the work was performed is credited. Account Determination The accounts to which the relevant costs are posted are always selected based on the account determination group for the service. If no service was specified, the default account determination defined in business configuration is used. See Also Service Cost Allocation to Sales and Service Orders Service Cost Allocation to Projects Service Cost Allocation to Production Lots 3.3 Tasks Create a Service Template and Create a Service from a Template Overview You can create a service template for each product category. You can use these templates to create individual services with the same basic data. You can also create multiple services at once from the same service template. Procedure 1. To create a service template, choose the Service Templates subview in the Services view of the Product Data work center. 2. Click New and follow the instructions above for creating a service SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Services View

81 If you create a new service template for a product category for which a service template already exists, the new service template overwrites the original template. 3. Click Save to save the new service template. Procedure 1. To create a service from a template, choose the Service Templates subview in the Services view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the service template you want to use as the basis for the new service or services. 3. Click Create from Template. 4. In the dialog box enter the number of new services you want to create and click OK. 5. You can now use the mass change function to enter or change information for all or some of the new services. For more information about the mass change function, see Mass Change of Services [page 85]. 6. Click Save to save the new Services Assign Purchasing Details to a Service Overview You can assign purchasing processes to a service by applying the appropriate status. You can also assign advanced purchasing details such as a specific purchasing unit of measure, internal comments, purchasing notes, supplier service numbers, and tax information. You can assign purchasing details to a service in the Product Data work center under Services. Procedure 1. Choose the Services subview in the Services view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the service and click Edit to open the Service quick activity. 3. Go to the Purchasing tab. 4. Set the Status to In Preparation. The service is available for purchasing processes only once the status is Active. For more information about statuses, see Assigning Statuses to a Service [page 76]. 5. Optional: Maintain deviations from the standard tax rate. a. Click Maintain Non-Standard Tax Rates. b. Click Add Row. c. Enter the Country, Region, Tax Type, Tax Type Rate, and Tax Exemption Reason as required. 6. Optional: Enter advanced purchasing details for the service. a. Click View All and go to the Purchasing tab. b. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the purchasing unit of measure. If necessary, select a different Purchasing UoM. Services View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 81

82 If the purchasing UoM is different than the base UoM, you must maintain a quantity conversion between them. For more information, see Add Quantity Conversions to a Service [page 84]. c. Enter any Internal Comments. d. Enter the Purchasing Notes that should display on purchase orders created for the service. e. If you buy the service from one or more suppliers, enter the Supplier Service Number details. f. Enter any relevant non-standard Taxes. g. Enter any relevant Withholding Tax details. 7. To activate the service for purchasing processes, set the Status to Active. 8. Click Save to save your changes Assign Sales Details to a Service Overview You can assign basic sales details and a status to each distribution chain that is involved in selling a service. You can also assign advanced sales details to each distribution chain, for example, a specific sales unit of measure, internal comments, sales notes, customer service numbers, and tax information. You can assign sales details to a service in the Product Data work center under Services. Procedure 1. Choose the Services subview in the Services view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the service and click Edit to open the Service quick activity. 3. Go to the Sales tab. 4. Enter the basic details for each distribution chain: a. In the Distribution Chains table, select a distribution chain. b. Select the Item Group for the distribution chain. The item group is required for creating and processing service orders. Select one from the following service-related item groups: PBFP for fixed price services (project-based) PBTM for services sold on a time and material basis (project-based) PXAT for expenses invoiced on a time and material basis (project-based) PXFX for fixed price expenses (project-based) SECO for services sold on a time and material basis SEFL for fixed price services without tracking time and cost SERV for fixed price services with tracking time and cost XACT for expenses invoiced on a time and material basis XFIX for fixed price expenses For more information on these item groups, see Services. 5. In the Status column, the initial status is In Preparation. Update the status as appropriate SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Services View

83 The service is available for the selected distribution chain only once the status is Active. For more information about statuses, see Assigning Statuses to a Service [page 76]. 6. Optional: Maintain deviations from the standard tax rate. a. Click Maintain Non-Standard Tax Rates. b. Click Add Row. c. Enter the Country, Region, Tax Type, Tax Type Rate, and Tax Exemption Reason as required. 7. Optional: Enter advanced sales details for the service. a. Click View All and go to the Sales tab. b. In the Distribution Chains table, select a distribution chain. c. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the sales unit of measure for the distribution chain. If necessary, select a different Sales UoM. If the sales UoM is different than the base UoM, you must maintain a quantity conversion between them. For more information, see Add Quantity Conversions to a Service [page 84]. d. Select the Item Group for the distribution chain. e. Enter any Internal Comments. f. Enter the Sales Notes that should display on any sales orders and other sales-relevant documents. g. Enter any Customer Service Number details. h. Enter any relevant non-standard Taxes. 8. To activate the service for a distribution chain, set the Status to Active. To ensure that financial postings run smoothly, you should activate the valuation process for the associated company as well. For more information, see Assign Valuation Details to a Service [page 83]. 9. Click Save to save your changes Assign Valuation Details to a Service Overview You can assign basic valuation details and a status to each company that provides financial data for a service. You can also assign advanced valuation details such as a specific inventory valuation unit of measure and the cost information for each relevant set of books. You can assign valuation details to a service in the Product Data work center under Services. Procedure 1. Choose the Services subview in the Services view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the service and click Edit to open the Service quick activity. 3. Go to the Valuation tab. 4. Enter basic details for a company: Services View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 83

84 a. In the Companies table, select a company. b. In the Status column, select In Preparation. The service is available for the selected company only once the status is Active. For more information about statuses, see Assigning Statuses to a Service [page 76]. c. In the Cost Rate field, enter the cost rate for default set of books assigned to the company. You can edit cost information for each additional set of books assigned to the company. For more information about editing advanced valuation details, see the next step. d. Select the Account Determination Group for the service. 5. Optional: Enter advanced valuation details for the service and its companies. a. Click View All and go to the Valuation tab. b. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the valuation unit of measure. If necessary, select a different Valuation UoM. If the valuation UoM is different than the base UoM, you must maintain a quantity conversion between them. For more information, see Add Quantity Conversions to a Service [page 84]. The valuation UoM cannot be changed after the service has been activated for one of the companies. c. In the Companies table, select a company. d. Select the Account Determination Group for the service. The account determination group defines the rules that determine which accounts are used for automatic postings. For more information, see Automatic Account Determination. e. You can update the cost information for each set of books assigned to the selected company. To do so, select the set of books and click Edit Cost Rate. A set of books forms a complete and consistent set of accounting data that is required for statutory reporting and creating financial statements. For more information, see Set of Books. When you edit the service later, if a new set of books has been assigned to the company, it automatically displays on the Valuation tab. However, you must then save the service to ensure that the new set of books is applied to the service. 6. To activate the service for a company, set the Status to Active. 7. Click Save to save your changes Add Quantity Conversions to a Service Overview By default, the base UoM (unit of measure) is also the unit of measure for the purchasing, sales, and valuation processes. If you select a different UoM for any process, you must specify the equivalent measurements between the base UoM and the different process UoM. For example, if the base UoM is activity and the sales UoM is hour, you might specify the typical duration of the activity SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Services View

85 To ensure proper calculations, the base UoM should be the smallest unit of measure for the service. If you change the base UoM after the service has been activated for any processes, you must specify the equivalent measurements between the old base UoM and the new base UoM. You can add quantity conversions to a service in the Product Data work center under Services. Procedure 1. Choose the Services subview in the Services view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the service and click Edit to open the Service quick activity. 3. Click View All. 4. In the Quantity Conversions table, click Add Row. 5. Enter the equivalent quantities between two different units of measure. a. In the Quantity column of the new row, enter one unit of measure and quantity. b. In the Corresponding Quantity column of the new row, enter the other unit of measure and quantity. 6. For each additional conversion, add another row and repeat the step above. 7. Click Save to save your changes Mass Change of Services Overview You can quickly update the general, sales, and valuation details of multiple services at once. You can carry out a mass change of services in one of the following views: Product Data work center, Services view and Service Templates view Product and Service Portfolio work center, Services view If you want to update the details of multiple services that are based on the same service template, you can easily identify and change these services by going to the Service Templates subview, selecting the relevant service template, choosing Mass Change and following the procedure described below. Procedure 1. Choose the Services subview in the Services view of the Product Data work center. 2. Select the services that you want to update and click Mass Change to open the Mass Change quick activity. 3. In the Show list, select the type of information that you want to update. When you select to show general information, each service is listed on a single row. However, when you select to show sales or valuation details, only the services with those details are listed, and each service may be listed on multiple rows. For example, when you select sales details, a service that is not assigned to any sales organization is not listed, whereas a service that is assigned to two sales organizations is listed on two rows, one row for each sales organization. 4. In the first row of the table, enter the information that you want to apply to some or all of the services. Services View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 85

86 5. To apply the information to only some of the services, select the relevant services, click Apply Mass Change, and then choose Selected Items. To apply the information to all of the services, click Apply Mass Change, and then choose All Items. Using the Mass Change quick activity, you can also update the information of each service manually. You can make these changes directly in the row of a service. 6. You can also use Add Organization Data to add one or more organizations to one or more services. a. Select the service or services to which you want to add organization data. b. Click Add Organization Data and select the type of organization that you want to add to the service. c. In the dialog box, select one or more organizations and choose OK. A list is displayed with one line for each combination of service and organization. You can now select the items to which you want to apply the change. To apply the information to only some of the services, select the relevant services, click Apply Mass Change, and then choose Selected Items. To apply the information to all of the services, click Apply Mass Change, and then choose All Items. 7. To save your changes and return to the Services view, click Save and Close Create Services Using Microsoft Excel Overview You can create services by entering them in a predefined Microsoft Excel template and uploading them to the SAP Business ByDesign system. Prerequisites You have installed the latest Add-In for Microsoft Excel. Depending on your solution set-up, you can do this from the Self Services Overview in the Home work center, from the Download Center in the Application and User Management work center, or from the Download link that is available directly on the user interface. Also, the settings for your browser must be set correctly. You can check this by clicking Check My Computer Settings on the logon screen. Steps In the SAP Business ByDesign system, in the Services subview of the Services view of the Product Data work center, click New, then Service from Microsoft Excel. Get the Template 1. Select the template. Choose the template in the required language and click Download. You can choose any language that you have selected during scoping. If you have selected only one language during scoping, you will not get a selection of language versions to choose from. 2. Decide what you want to do with the template. Choose one of the following options: If you want to use the template only once, you can open the template without saving it. Click Open. If you want to save the template so that you can use it again, choose a location to save the file to, enter an appropriate file name, and click Save. Then click Open SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Services View

87 If you have previously downloaded and saved this template on your computer, navigate to the location where you have saved the template, and open it. Log on to the solution from Microsoft Excel 1. In the SAP Add-In ribbon in Microsoft Excel, click Logon. If the SAP Add-In ribbon is not displayed, check to make sure that the Add-In for Microsoft Excel has been installed correctly (see Prerequisites in this document). A dialog box opens where you can enter the logon details. The system URL is proposed automatically. The system URL is the URL of the system that you are working with. 2. Enter your user ID and your password, and click Logon. After initial logon to the system, the ribbon text is changed from SAP Add-In to the name of your solution. Enter Details in the Microsoft Excel Template Note the following: The Microsoft Excel template is presented with a number of rows where you can enter or copy your data. If you need more, add the number of rows you need before you start entering or copying your data. Ensure that mandatory fields (those marked with an asterisk) are filled. To help you fill in the details: Some fields have dropdown lists. In some fields you can search the system for data, for example, countries. Place the cursor on the field, and click Lookup in your solution's tool bar or ribbon to search the system. A search field is available in the Lookup dialog box that appears. When you start to type text in the search field, the relevant entries are filtered in the ID and Description columns, meaning that you do not have to scroll through the whole list. If the Lookup button is not active in the ribbon or toolbar, then it is not possible to perform a search. Enter the general and business area details for the services that you want to create. Enter each service in a single row. If internal number ranges have been configured for services, you do not have to enter service IDs manually; when you save the services to the system, service IDs will be entered automatically. For more information, see Configuration: Number Ranges. Save Your Data 1. After you have finished entering all the data, save the Microsoft Excel file. 2. Click Save Data to. A dialog box opens, informing you that the data is being saved to the solution. After the upload, a message informs you that your data has been saved in the solution. If you do not provide all the required information, or if you provide incorrect information, some records will not be saved. Error messages will highlight the problems so that you can correct them and save the data again. 3. You can then log off by clicking Logoff. Services View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 87

88 Result The new services are saved in the SAP Business ByDesign system and added to the list in the Services view. If you need to make changes to these services, you can change them in the Microsoft Excel template and upload them again to the SAP Business ByDesign system, or you can change them directly in the system. After a service is changed directly in the SAP Business ByDesign system, you can no longer use the Microsoft Excel template to update that service. You should not use the Microsoft Excel template to remove or change the following information: Sales: Sales organizations and distribution channels Valuation: Companies If you remove such information from this Microsoft Excel template and then upload the service, the information will nonetheless remain assigned to the service. If you change such information in this Microsoft Excel template and then upload the service, the changed information will be assigned to the service, but the previous information will remain assigned as well. Therefore, to make such changes, you should rather access the service directly in the system Export Business Data Using Microsoft Excel Overview You can export reports and worklists to Microsoft Excel documents. You can use these documents for further analysis, and in some cases, edit and upload them to the solution. You can export data from a report or from a worklist. Prerequisites You have installed the latest Add-In for Microsoft Excel. Depending on your solution set-up, you can do this from the: Self Services Overview in the Home work center Download Center in the Application and User Management work center Download link that is available directly on the user interface The settings for your browser must be set correctly. You can review the information about computer settings by clicking Check My Computer Settings on the logon screen. You must be authorized to perform an export to Microsoft Excel. Procedure 1. Go to the screen with the data you want to export. 2. Depending on the type of data, choose one of these options: For a report, you can either export a chart or a table. To do so, select the report, and click Switch to Chart or Switch to Table SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Services View

89 For a worklist, select the worklist and click Go. 3. Click Export, then choose To Microsoft Excel. 4. Optional: Personalizing your excel export 1. To select the columns in your exported excel, do the following: a. In the title bar, click Personalize This screen b. In the side panel, select Display Settings. c. In the Display Settings dialog box, you can export all the columns in the view by selecting All in the Export Columns field The default value for this field is Visible, which exports only the currently displayed columns. 2. To select the language for your excel export, do the following a. In the Display Settings dialog box, set the Language Selection field to Show and click OK b. Click Save. c. Click Export, then choose To Microsoft Excel d. Select a language in the dialog box that opens. The column selection preference in this dialog box allows you to override the personalized setting. This selection is valid for the current export only. 5. Select the template in the dialog box that is displayed. If there is only one template that has the logged in language variant, then the export will be performed in the logged in language, and no user interaction is required. If there is only one template in the system for this export scenario, but the logged in language variant is not available, then export will be performed in the English language. If there is more than one template in the system for this export scenario, the Template List dialog box is displayed. In this dialog, you can select the Microsoft Excel template that you want to use for the export. The template will dictate how your exported data will be formatted. The Microsoft Excel version that is relevant for each template is displayed. 6. Click Download. 7. A message shows that you can open or save the file which contains the data that you have just exported from the solution. Click Open or Save depending on what you want to do with the exported data. Depending on whether you click Open or Save, there are two possible results: If you click Open, a worksheet opens with the data in Microsoft Excel. The file has a temporary name, but it is not saved. You can use all the functions of Microsoft Excel to organize the data and to save that worksheet. If you click Save, a Save As dialog box opens. You can specify an appropriate file name and a location to save the exported Microsoft Excel file to. A message will inform you when the download has completed successfully. You can later navigate to the location where you have saved the template and open it. Services View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 89

90 4 Product Categories View 4.1 Product Categories Quick Guide The Product Categories view provides a central entry point for creating and editing your product categories and organizing them into a multi-level hierarchy. This structure is used in many areas such as analytics, planning, product catalogs, contract management, and pricing. You can access this view from the Product Data work center. Tasks Create the Root Product Category 1. Click New Hierarchy. 2. In the first row of the table, enter the Product Category ID. 3. In the Details section, specify the additional details for the root product category: In the Product Category field, enter the product category description. Choose the Language for the new product category. It is not best practice to allow users to assign products to the root product category. It is therefore recommended that you clear the Product Assignment Allowed check box of the root product category. 4. Click Save. You can now add subcategories and organize them into a multi-level hierarchy. Create a Product Category 1. Click Maintain Product Categories to open the Product Categories editor. The Table view of the Product Categories editor is displayed by default. 2. Select the product category to which you want to add a subcategory. 3. Click Actions and then Add Subcategory. The new category is added as a blank row. 4. Enter the Product Category ID in the new row. 5. In the Details section, specify the additional details for the product category: In the Product Category field, enter the product category description. Choose the Language for the new product category. To allow products to be assigned to the product category, select the Product Assignment Allowed check box. 6. Click Save. Organize Product Categories Using the Table View 1. Click Maintain Product Categories to open the Product Categories editor SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Product Categories View

91 The Table view of the Product Categories editor is displayed by default. 2. You can expand and collapse the various levels of the product category hierarchy. To show all the product categories in the hierarchy, click Actions and then Expand All. To show only the root product category, click Actions and then Collapse All. To expand or collapse a particular product category, click the arrow icon next to the product category ID. 3. You can reorganize product categories by moving them up or down the product category hierarchy. a. Select the product category you want to move. b. Click Actions and then Move Product Category. c. Enter the product category ID of the destination product category. The product category is now a subcategory of the destination product category. 4. Click Save. Organize Product Categories Using the Chart View 1. Click Maintain Product Categories to open the Product Categories editor. The Table view of the Product Categories editor is displayed by default. 2. Click Chart to display the Chart view of the Product Categories editor. 3. You can expand and collapse the various levels of the product category hierarchy. To show all the product categories in the hierarchy, click Actions and then Expand All. To show only the root product category, click Actions and then Collapse All. To expand a particular product category, click the plus sign in the lower left corner of the category. To collapse a particular product category, click the minus sign in the lower left corner of the category. 4. You can adjust your view of the product category hierarchy by zooming in or out. To focus on a particular category, select the category and click Actions and then Zoom In. Alternately, you can click the arrow in the lower right corner of the category and select Zoom In. To zoom out after focusing on a particular category, select the category and click Actions and then Zoom Out. Alternately, you can click the arrow in the lower right corner of the category and select Zoom Out. 5. You can reorganize product categories by moving them up or down the product category hierarchy. a. Select the product category you want to move. b. Click Actions and then Move Product Category. Alternately, you can click the arrow in the lower right corner of the category and select Move Product Category. c. Enter the product category ID of the destination product category. The product category is now a subcategory of the destination product category. 6. Click Save. Delete a Product Category 1. Click Maintain Product Categories to open the Product Categories editor. The Table view of the Product Categories editor is displayed by default. To display the Chart view, click Chart. 2. Select the product category that you want to delete. 3. Click Actions and then Delete. You can delete a product category only if no products are assigned to it or any of its subordinate categories. Product Categories View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 91

92 4. Click Save. Create a Template for a Product Category For each product category you can create one template per product type. This means that for each product category you can create one material template, one service template, and one entitlement template. You can use these templates to create other products with the same or similar data and to create multiple products from one template simultaneously. For more information about this task, see: Materials Quick Guide [page 39] Quick Guide for Services (in Product Data) [page 73] Entitlements Quick Guide [page 94] Export Product Categories to Microsoft Excel You can export product categories to Microsoft Excel. For more information about this task, see here [page 71]. 4.2 Tasks Export Business Data Using Microsoft Excel Overview You can export reports and worklists to Microsoft Excel documents. You can use these documents for further analysis, and in some cases, edit and upload them to the solution. You can export data from a report or from a worklist. Prerequisites You have installed the latest Add-In for Microsoft Excel. Depending on your solution set-up, you can do this from the: Self Services Overview in the Home work center Download Center in the Application and User Management work center Download link that is available directly on the user interface The settings for your browser must be set correctly. You can review the information about computer settings by clicking Check My Computer Settings on the logon screen. You must be authorized to perform an export to Microsoft Excel. Procedure 1. Go to the screen with the data you want to export. 2. Depending on the type of data, choose one of these options: For a report, you can either export a chart or a table. To do so, select the report, and click Switch to Chart or Switch to Table. For a worklist, select the worklist and click Go SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Product Categories View

93 3. Click Export, then choose To Microsoft Excel. 4. Optional: Personalizing your excel export 1. To select the columns in your exported excel, do the following: a. In the title bar, click Personalize This screen b. In the side panel, select Display Settings. c. In the Display Settings dialog box, you can export all the columns in the view by selecting All in the Export Columns field The default value for this field is Visible, which exports only the currently displayed columns. 2. To select the language for your excel export, do the following a. In the Display Settings dialog box, set the Language Selection field to Show and click OK b. Click Save. c. Click Export, then choose To Microsoft Excel d. Select a language in the dialog box that opens. The column selection preference in this dialog box allows you to override the personalized setting. This selection is valid for the current export only. 5. Select the template in the dialog box that is displayed. If there is only one template that has the logged in language variant, then the export will be performed in the logged in language, and no user interaction is required. If there is only one template in the system for this export scenario, but the logged in language variant is not available, then export will be performed in the English language. If there is more than one template in the system for this export scenario, the Template List dialog box is displayed. In this dialog, you can select the Microsoft Excel template that you want to use for the export. The template will dictate how your exported data will be formatted. The Microsoft Excel version that is relevant for each template is displayed. 6. Click Download. 7. A message shows that you can open or save the file which contains the data that you have just exported from the solution. Click Open or Save depending on what you want to do with the exported data. Depending on whether you click Open or Save, there are two possible results: If you click Open, a worksheet opens with the data in Microsoft Excel. The file has a temporary name, but it is not saved. You can use all the functions of Microsoft Excel to organize the data and to save that worksheet. If you click Save, a Save As dialog box opens. You can specify an appropriate file name and a location to save the exported Microsoft Excel file to. A message will inform you when the download has completed successfully. You can later navigate to the location where you have saved the template and open it. Product Categories View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 93

94 5 Entitlements View 5.1 Entitlements Quick Guide The Entitlements view provides a central entry point for entering information relating to entitlements that your company sells. You can access the Entitlements view from the following locations: Product Data work center Product and Service Portfolio work center Business Background Entitlements Entitlements are intangible products that represent the right to use a service or receive a product at a later date. Entitlements are used to describe your company's portfolio of such products. Examples of entitlements include support entitlements with a certain service level and entitlements to call off certain services for a specific price. For more information, see Entitlements [page 95]. Pricing in Customer Relationship Management Pricing is based on price master data such as price lists and discount lists, which are used to automatically calculate pricing within all business documents for sales and service processes. A predefined pricing procedure is used to determine the gross value the customer has to pay for certain products or services to be received on a certain day at a certain place. The pricing procedure consists of price components, such as list price, discounts, surcharges, freights, taxes, and costs. The order of these price components is essential for the calculation of the total value. For more information, see Pricing in Customer Relationship Management [page 25]. Tax Determination As a rule, companies are legally required to calculate taxes on products that they buy or sell, and to levy these taxes from their customers. After the products have been provided, the taxes must be declared and levied to the respective tax authorities. The system supports you by providing a substantially automated tax calculation for the following tax types: Value-Added Tax (VAT), Sales and Use Tax, Withholding Tax. The system also provides a reporting tool that gives you effective control over your obligatory declaration of these taxes. For more information, see Tax Determination [page 5]. Tasks Create Entitlements For more information about this task, see here [page 96]. Assign Sales Details to an Entitlement For more information about this task, see here [page 96] SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Entitlements View

95 Assign Valuation Details to an Entitlement For more information about this task, see here [page 98]. Add Entitlement Descriptions in Other Languages For more information about this task, see here [page 100]. Add Quantity Conversions to an Entitlement For more information about this task, see here [page 98]. Assigning Statuses to an Entitlement For more information about this task, see here [page 99]. Export Business Data Using Microsoft Excel For more information about this task, see here [page 71]. 5.2 Business Background Entitlements Overview Entitlements are intangible products that represent the right to use a service or receive a product at a later date. Entitlements are used to describe your company's portfolio of such products. Examples of entitlements include support entitlements with a certain service level and entitlements to call off certain services for a specific price. Entitlements typically represent rights to products that are redeemed by the customer on an ad-hoc basis. Products that are provided on a traditional basis are represented in the Product Data work center as services or materials. For more information, see Quick Guide for Services (in Product Data) [page 73] and Materials Quick Guide [page 39]. Use You create entitlements in order to represent a product offered by your company in your master data. An entitlement includes information that defines how it is handled within the sales and invoicing processes. Once all the necessary information has been entered and the entitlement has been activated, it can be used in Customer Relationship Management, for creating contracts. For example, when an IT support provider sells a service contract it is not possible to predict how often and exactly when customers will require support. However, using entitlements to represent these services, enables simpler monitoring of the uptake of these services. Other examples of products and services offered on an ad-hoc basis are teleconferencing services, payment services, licenses for software or music, and extended product warranties. Entitlements View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 95

96 See Also Entitlements Quick Guide [page 94] Services 5.3 Tasks Create Entitlements Overview This document describes how to enter the basic data which is necessary in order to create a new entitlement. You can create entitlements in the Product Data work center under Entitlements. Procedure 1. Click New and then Entitlement to open the New Entitlement quick activity. 2. Enter the Entitlement ID. If internal number ranges have been configured for entitlements, you cannot enter an entitlement ID manually; when you save the entitlement, the system assigns the next available ID automatically. For more information, see Configuration: Number Ranges. 3. Enter the Entitlement Description. For information about descriptions in other languages, see Add Entitlement Descriptions in Other Languages [page 100] 4. Select the Product Category ID to which you want to assign the new entitlement. 5. In the Base UoM field, enter the unit of measure for the entitlement. This is the default unit of measure for sales and valuation processes and is used unless different units of measure are selected manually for those processes. The base UoM should be the smallest unit of measure for the entitlement. Therefore, if you select different units of measure for other processes, make sure that the base UoM is smaller Assign Sales Details to an Entitlement Overview You can assign basic sales details and a status to each distribution chain that is involved in selling an entitlement. You can also assign advanced sales details to each distribution chain, for example, a specific sales unit of measure, internal comments, sales notes, customer entitlement numbers, tax information, and sales prices SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Entitlements View

97 You can assign sales details to an entitlement in the Product Data work center under Entitlements. Procedure 1. Select the entitlement and click Edit to open the Entitlements screen. 2. In the Distribution Chains table, change the status of the distribution channel/sales organization combination to In Preparation. 3. Select an Item Group for this combination. The item group is required for creating and processing entitlement orders. Select one from the following entitlement-related item groups: ETFC for Fixed Price Entitlements with Confirmation ETFX for Fixed Price Entitlements ETTM for Entitlements Invoiced on Time and Material Basis For more information on these item groups, see Services. 4. Optional: Maintain deviations from the standard tax rate. a. Click Maintain Non-Standard Tax Rates. b. Click Add Row. c. Enter the Country, Region, Tax Type, Tax Type Rate, and Tax Exemption Reason as required. 5. Optional: On the Sales tab, specify whether a cash discount is allowed for this entitlement. If a cash discount is allowed, select the Cash Discount Allowed check box. The entitlement is available for the selected distribution chain only once the status is Active. For more information about statuses, see Assigning Statuses to an Entitlement [page 99]. 6. Optional: Enter advanced sales details for the entitlement. a. Click View All and go to the Sales tab. b. In the Distribution Chains table, select a distribution chain. c. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the sales unit of measure for the distribution chain. If necessary, select a different sales unit of measure. If the sales UoM is different than the base UoM, you must maintain a quantity conversion between them. For more information, see Add Quantity Conversions to an Entitlement [page 98]. d. Select the Item Group for the distribution chain. e. Optional: Enter a Minimum Order Quantity, specify whether a Cash Discount is allowed, and enter a Reference Price Entitlement. f. Enter any Internal Comments. g. Enter the Sales Notes that should display on any sales orders and other sales-relevant documents. h. Enter any Customer Entitlement Number details. i. Enter any relevant non-standard Taxes. j. You can view sales prices on the Sales Prices tab. 7. To activate the entitlement for a distribution chain, set the status to Active. To ensure that financial postings run smoothly, you should activate the valuation process for the associated company as well. For more information, see Assign Valuation Details to an Entitlement [page 98]. Entitlements View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 97

98 8. Click Save to save your changes Add Quantity Conversions to an Entitlement Overview By default, the base UoM (unit of measure) is also the unit of measure for the sales and valuation processes. If you select a different UoM for either of these processes, you must specify the equivalent measurements between the base UoM and the different process UoM. For example, if the base UoM is hour and the sales UoM is activity, you might specify how many activities correspond to one hour. You can add quantity conversions to an entitlements in the Product Data work center under Entitlements. To ensure proper calculations, the base UoM should be the smallest unit of measure for the entitlement. If you change the base UoM after the entitlement has been activated for any processes, you must specify the equivalent measurements between the old base UoM and the new base UoM. Procedure 1. Select the entitlement and click Edit to open the Entitlement quick activity. 2. Click View All. 3. In the Quantity Conversions table, click Add Row. 4. Enter the equivalent quantities between two different units of measure. a. In the Quantity column of the new row, enter one unit of measure and quantity. b. In the Corresponding Quantity column of the new row, enter the other unit of measure and quantity. 5. For each additional conversion, add another row and repeat the step above. 6. Click Save to save your changes Assign Valuation Details to an Entitlement Overview You can assign a valuation unit of measure (UoM) to an entitlement and a status to each company that provides financial data for an entitlement. You can assign valuation details to an entitlement in the Product Data work center under Entitlements. Procedure 1. Select the entitlement and click Edit to open the Entitlement screen. 2. Click View All. 3. Go to the Valuation tab. 4. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the valuation unit of measure. If necessary, select a different Valuation UoM SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Entitlements View

99 If the valuation UoM is different than the base UoM, you must maintain a quantity conversion between them. For more information, see Add Quantity Conversions to an Entitlement [page 98]. The valuation UoM cannot be changed after the entitlement has been activated for one of the companies. 5. In the Companies table, click Add Row. 6. Select a Company and change the Status from Initial to In Preparation. 7. Select the Account Determination Group for the entitlement. The account determination group defines the rules that determine which accounts are used for automatic postings. For more information, see Automatic Account Determination. 8. To activate the entitlement for a company, set the Status to Active. The entitlement is available for the selected company only once the status is Active. For more information about statuses, see Assigning Statuses to an Entitlement [page 99]. 9. Click Save to save your changes Assigning Statuses to an Entitlement Overview An entitlement is divided into sections for sales and valuation. Each section includes details specific to that business process and one or more statuses indicating the completeness or readiness of the entitlement for that process. Therefore, when creating a new entitlement, it is important to apply the correct statuses to ensure that the relevant processes are assigned and that data in these areas is kept up-to-date. You can assign statuses to an entitlement in the Product Data work center under Entitlements. Features Changes to Statuses The first status of a process is always Initial. You can then make the following changes in statuses before the entitlement is saved: Initial to In Preparation or In Preparation to Initial In Preparation to Active Active to Blocked or Blocked to Active Active to Initial or Blocked to Initial After the entitlement has been saved, you can make the following changes in status: Initial to In Preparation or In Preparation to Initial In Preparation to Active Active to Blocked or Blocked to Active Changing from Active to Blocked is only possible for sales. Overall Status In cases where a process has multiple statuses, the status with the highest priority is always given as the overall status for a process. The hierarchy for status priority is as follows: Active, Blocked, In Preparation, and Initial. For Entitlements View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 99

100 example, if there is one status marked as Active, and there are multiple statuses marked as In Preparation, the overall status is given as Active. The Blocked status is only available for the Sales process. The statuses for processes are as follows: Statuses of Processes Overall Status Status Icon Status Combination Valid For Initial Initial Grey Sales and Valuation In Preparation In Preparation Yellow Sales and Valuation Blocked Blocked Red Sales Active Active Green Sales and Valuation Initial and In Preparation In Preparation Yellow Sales and Valuation Initial and Blocked Blocked Red Sales Initial, In Preparation, and Blocked Blocked Red Sales Initial, In Preparation, and Active Active Green Sales and Valuation Initial, In Preparation, Blocked and Active Active Green Sales In Preparation and Blocked Blocked Red Sales In Preparation and Active Active Green Sales and Valuation In Preparation, Blocked, and Active Active Green Sales Blocked and Active Active Green Sales See Also Create Entitlements [page 96] Add Entitlement Descriptions in Other Languages Overview This document describes how to add descriptions of entitlements in languages other than your logon language. You can add entitlement descriptions in other languages in the Product Data work center under Entitlements. Procedure 1. Select the entitlement and click Edit to open the Entitlement quick activity. The Entitlement Description field displays the description of the entitlement in your logon language. 2. Click View All. 3. At the top of the General tab, click Other Languages. 4. To add a description of the entitlement in another language, click Add Row. If you do not maintain an entitlement description for a language, a description will not appear on business documents in that language SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Entitlements View

101 5. In the new row, select a Language and enter the Entitlement Description. 6. In the Details section, enter additional information about the entitlement and click Save. Entitlements View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 101

102 6 Products View 6.1 Kits Quick Guide A kit is a logical grouping of items to be sold or purchased together as a single unit. You can create a new kit in the Products view in the Product and Service Portfolio work center. The kit can also be created by using the New Kit common task in the same work center. Purchasing, sales and valuation details can be added to the kit. You can create a new kit item list in the Kit Item List view in the Product and Service Portfolio work center. You can also create a new kit item list while creating a kit. Business Background Kits Process Flow Wholesale and component manufacturing industries like to offer product bundles as single selling units. A single selling or purchasing unit comprising of various components is called a kit in the Business ByDesign system. The kit does not exist as a physical entity and has an inventory value of zero. There are purchasing, sales and valuation processes associated with the kit and it is price relevant. For more information, seekits Process Flow [page 35]. Tasks Create a Kit For more information, see here [page 107]. Assign Purchasing Details to a Kit If you want to create a purchasing kit, you can add purchasing information to the kit. To do so, in the Purchasing tab under General Information, select the status In Preparation. This activates the Purchasing indicator under Relevant Processes. Assign Sales Details to a Kit If you want to create a sales kit, you can add relevant information to the kit, in the General Information. For more information, see here [page 108] Sales tab under.this activates the Purchasing indicator under Relevant Processes. Assign Valuation Details to a Sales Kit You can add valuation details for the kit which includes information such as basic valuation details, and a status to each company and business residence that provide financial data for a kit. You can also assign advanced valuation details such as a specific inventory valuation unit of measure, and cost information for each relevant set of books. For more information, see here [page 109] SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Products View

103 Add Sales Kit Descriptions in Other Languages 1. In the Product and Service Portfolio work center navigate to the Products view. 2. Click Advanced, and select the Sales Kit checkbox, and click Go. All the kits available in the system created are displayed. 3. Select the sales kit and click Edit to open the sales kit screen. The Product Description field displays the description of the sales kit in your logon language. 4. Click View All. Under the General tab, select Other Languages. 5. To add a description of the kit in another language, click Add Row. Unless you maintain a kit description for a language, a description does not appear on business documents in that language. 6. In the new row, select a Language and enter the Product Description. 7. In the Details section, enter additional information about the kit and click Save. Create a Sales Kit Item List 1. In the Product and Service Portfolio work center navigate to the Kit Item List view. 2. Click New and select Kit Item List. You can also create a kit item list while creating the kit. For more information, see Create a Kit [page 107]. 3. In the New Kit Item List screen that opens, enter the ID of the kit previously created by you. 4. Enter a description of the kit item list. 5. Under the Items tables, click Add Row to add information about the various items of the kit. 6. For each item, enter the Product ID, Quantity/ UoM, and Distribution Percentage. If the Kit is enabled for Purchasing then its mandatory to maintain distribution percentages. The cost distribution percentage for all the kit items should add up to 100%. This percentage is used by purchasing and invoicing documents to distribute the kit header price & tax across the kit components. If the distribution percentage is not maintained, the price and tax is distributed equally among the kit component 7. Click Save. 8. Only one active kit item list can exist for a single kit. 9. In case you feel that the kit item list created by you for a kit is not suitable, you can click Change Status and choose Obsolete. You can now create a new kit item list for the same kit. If you want to use a kit item list that has been rendered obsolete, click Change Status and choose Active. Products View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 103

104 6.2 Business Background Kits Process Flow Overview A kit is defined as a logical group of items that can be sold or purchased together as one unit. Wholesale and component manufacturing industries like to offer product bundles as single selling units. In the Business ByDesign system a single selling or purchasable unit comprising of various components is called a kit. For example, a laptop and an adaptor are two different products that can be grouped together to be sold or purchased as a single unit. This combination of the laptop and adaptor is available on paper as a unit and has a price associated with it. However, the kit itself does not exist as a physical entity. The various components of a kit are listed in the kit item list. In the case of the laptop and adaptor, both the individual products exist as physical entities. They are stored and transported, and so have inventory value. However, since they are a part of a kit, their individual prices are not relevant and only the price of the kit as a whole is considered. Create a Kit 1. Create a Kit To create a kit, go to Products view under Product and Service Portfolio work center. Click New, and select Kit. You can also create a kit from the New Kit common task in the Product and Service Portfolio work center and the Product Data work center. The kit you create represents a group of items that is sold or purchased together as one unit. For more information, see Create a Kit [page 107]. 2. Add purchasing information to the Kit If you want to create a purchasing kit, you can add purchasing information for this kit. To do so, in the Purchasing tab under General Information, select the status In Preparation. This activates the Purchasing indicator under Relevant Processes. 3. Add sales information to the Kit If you want to create a sales kit, you can add sales details for the sales kit in the Sales tab under General Information. This includes information such as the sales organization, distribution channel, and so on. You can also assign advanced sales details to each distribution chain, for example, a specific sales unit of measure, warranties, internal comments, sales notes, customer part numbers, tax information and so on. However, you must enter a sales organization and distribution channel for the sales kit. This activates the Sales indicator under Relevant Processes. For more information, see Assign Sales Details to the Kit [page 108]. 4. Add valuation information to the Kit You can add valuation details for the kit which includes information such as basic valuation details, and a status to each company and business residence that provide financial data for a kit. You can also assign advanced valuation details such as a specific inventory valuation unit of measure, and cost information for each relevant set of books. You can do so, in the Valuation tab under General Information. This activates the Valuation indicator under Relevant Processes. For more information, see Assign Valuation Details to the Kit [page 109] SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Products View

105 5. Add tax information to the Kit If you create a purchasing kit, by default the highest value added tax (VAT) is applied as the standard tax rate. You can maintain separate tax rates for the kit in the Taxation tab under General Information. 6. Create a Kit Item List Using the kit ID created during the process of creating a kit, you can create a kit item list, which consists of all the items that are included in that particular kit. Each of these items has an inventory process associated with it, but is not price relevant within the kit. For more information, see Create a Kit Item List in the Tasks section of the Kits Quick Guide [page 102]. Kits in Sales 1. Create and Release a Sales Order You can create a sales order with a sales kit as a line item and release it. For more information, see Sales Orders Quick Guide. 2. Release a Customer Invoice You can create and release a customer invoice document. For more information, see Quick Guide for Invoice Requests. 3. Determine Ship-From Information and Check Availability Once the sales order containing a sales kit has been released, the system displays a customer demand per sales kit in the Customer Demand view of the Outbound Logistics Control work center. You can determine the shipment scheduling, ship-from information, and the availability for sales orders that contain sales kits. You can also use this view to release confirmed sales kits to logistics execution. For more information, see Customer Demand Quick Guide. 4. Release a Sales Kit Apart from the Customer Demand view, you can also release sales kits in the Delivery Due List view of the Outbound Logistics Control work center, where the sales orders are listed based on confirmed schedule lines. In this delivery due list, the supply planner can release the sales kits to hand them over to logistics execution. Once the sales kit has been released, you cannot change data such as product, date, quantity, ship-to party in the corresponding sales order. For more information about delivery due lists, see Delivery Due List Quick Guide. 5. Process an Outbound Delivery The system displays the released sales kits as delivery proposals in the Delivery Proposals sub-view and as delivery requests in the Delivery Requests sub-view of the Delivery Control view in the Outbound Logistics work center. In this view, you can process an outbound delivery for the sales kit with tasks by creating a warehouse request or without tasks by posting a goods issue. For more information about delivery proposals and delivery requests, see Delivery Control Quick Guide. If you process the outbound delivery with tasks, you can create a warehouse task in the Warehouse Requests view and confirm the task in the Task Control view. For more information about warehouse requests, see Warehouse Requests Quick Guide. For more information about task control, see Task Control Quick Guide. Whether you post the goods issue in one step directly or use the task support, the outbound delivery is processed and inventory changes are communicated to invoicing, accounting, and supply control. 6. Post Costs/Revenues The delivery of a sales kit and its components triggers the creation of a journal entry in the system which posts the costs of components delivered. The valuation and the account determination are based on the component products delivered as part of the sales kit. The invoicing of the sales kit triggers the creation of a journal entry which posts the revenues. You can view the entry in the Journal Entries view of the General Ledger work center. For more information, see Journal Entries Quick Guide Products View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 105

106 There is no change in the account determination logic for the sales kit items and the component items. Revenue recognition is not allowed for sales order items with sales kit products. For more information see, Sales Document Items Quick Guide Kits in Purchasing 1. Create and Release a Purchase Order You can create a purchase order with a kit as a line item and release it. For more information, see Purchase Orders Quick Guide. 2. Create a Purchase Order Acknowledgement For more information, see Purchase Order Acknowledgement. 3. Process an Inbound Delivery When you receive a kit, you can use inbound processing to coordinate the inbound logistic activities. Kits are only supported for inbound supplier deliveries. For more information,, see Supplier Delivery Processing. 4. Post Goods Receipt On delivery of a kit, you can create a goods receipt to track it. The goods and services receipt can be created with reference to purchase orders with same or different suppliers. For more information, see, Directly Post a Goods Receipt with Label Creation. The valuation and the account determination are based on the component products delivered as part of the purchase kit. The system sends the goods and services receipt to Supplier Invoicing for invoice verification, exception handling, and payment processes. It also forwards the data to Financials, posts the goods return receipt there, and updates individual materials and fixed asset assignments if applicable. You can view the entry in the Journal Entries view of the General Ledger work center. For more information, see Journal Entries Quick Guide 5. Release a Supplier Invoice You can create and release a supplier invoice document. For more information, see Supplier Invoice Processing with Reference. Limitations Kits are not supported in the following scenarios: Subsequent debit and subsequent credit memo items, customs duty, down payments, recurring invoices, invoice templates, and invoices without reference to purchase orders scenarios in supplier invoicing. Materials in Progress Intracompany stock transfer Supplier or customer returns Service and repair scenarios Strategic sourcing (contracts, quotes, shopping cart) Self- service procurement (non-stock materials) Invoices SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Products View

107 6.3 Tasks Create a Kit Overview This document describes how to create a sales or purchasing kit. A kit is a logical grouping of items to be sold or purchased together as a single unit. You can create a new kit under the Product and Service Portfolio work center. Kits can be viewed and edited in the Products view of the Product and Service Portfolio work center. Procedure 1. In the Product and Service Portfolio work center, navigate to the Products view. 2. Click New, and select Kit. You can also create a kit by starting the New Kit common task in the Product and Service Portfolio work center and Product Data work center. 3. In the New Kit screen, enter the Kit ID. If internal number ranges have been configured for the kits, you cannot enter an ID manually; when you save the kit, the system assigns the next available ID automatically. For more information, see Configuration: Number Ranges. 4. Enter the Kit Description. For information about descriptions in other languages, see Add Kit Descriptions in Other Languages in the Tasks section of the Kits Quick Guide [page 102]. 5. Select the Product Category to which you want to assign the new kit. 6. The value for the Base UoM field is defaulted to ea-each. It is used for purchasing, sales, and valuation. 7. If you want to create a purchasing kit, under the Purchasing tab, set the status to In Preparation. 8. If you want to create a sales kit, under the Sales tab, add the sales organization and distribution channel for the kit. For more information, see Adding Sales details to a Kit [page 108]. You have an option of enabling a kit for only sales, for only purchasing, or for both (for example, in case of third party order processing). 9. You can create or view the kit item lists for this kit as follows: a. Click View or Create Item List. b. On the new screen, screen click New. c. To create the kit item list follow the steps listed in Create Kit Item List in the Tasks section of the Kits Quick Guide [page 102]. d. You can create more than one kit item list using this process, however there is only one active kit item list, the rest are obsolete. e. You can edit both the active and obsolete kit item lists by selecting the item list and clicking Edit. 10. You can check the consistency of the kit items and sales organizations selected for the sales kit by clicking Check Kit Consistency. In case of a mismatch in the sales organizations for the sales kit and the sales kit items, a warning message is displayed. Products View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 107

108 11. Optional: Enter advanced general details for the kit: a. Click View All. b. You can enter further details about the kit in the Details section. c. To add, delete, or replace a product image for the kit, click Image, and select the appropriate option. 12. Click Save. 13. To view or edit the newly created kit, in the Product and Service Portfolio work center, navigate to the Products view. 14. Click Advanced, select the Kit checkbox, and click Go. All the kits available in the system are displayed. Select the one created by you and click Edit to edit the kit. 15. Click the kit ID to view it Assign Sales Details to a Kit Overview You can assign basic sales details and a status to each distribution chain that is involved in selling a kit. You can also assign advanced sales details to each distribution chain, for example, a specific sales unit of measure, warranties, internal comments, sales notes, customer part numbers, and tax information. You can assign sales details to a kit in the Product and Service Portfolio work center, Products view Procedure 1. In the Product and Service Portfolio work center navigate to the Products view. 2. Click Advanced, select the Kit checkbox, and click Go. All the kits available in the system are displayed. 3. Select the kit and click Edit to open the kit screen. 4. Go to the Sales tab. 5. Enter the basic details for each distribution chain: a. In the Distribution Chains table, click Add Row. b. Define a distribution chain by entering a sales organization and a distribution channel. c. The Item Group is defaulted to KIT- Sales Kit. d. In the Status column, the initial status is In Preparation. Update the status as appropriate. The material is available for the selected distribution chain only once the status is Active. 6. Optional: Enter advanced sales details for the kit. a. Click View All and go to the Sales tab. b. In the Distribution Chains table, select a distribution chain. c. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the sales unit of measure for the distribution chain. d. Enter any Internal Comments. You can enter multiple internal comments for each combination of a kit and distribution chain. e. Enter any Sales Notes. You can enter one sales note for each combination of a kit and distribution chain SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Products View

109 Sales notes are visible in the following follow-on documents: Sales order Pick list Delivery note f. Enter any Customer Part Number details. 7. To activate the kit for a distribution chain, set the Status to Active. To ensure that financial postings run smoothly, also activate the valuation process for the associated company. For more information, see Assign Valuation Details to a Kit [page 109]. 8. Click Save Assign Valuation Details to a Kit Overview You can assign basic valuation details and a status to each company and business residence that provides financial data for a kit. You can also assign advanced valuation details such as a specific inventory valuation unit of measure and cost information for each relevant set of books. You can assign valuation details to a kit in the Product and Service Portfolio work center, Products view Procedure 1. In the Product and Service Portfolio work center navigate to the Products view. 2. Click Advanced, select the Kit checkbox, and click Go. All the kits available in the system are displayed. 3. Select the kit and click Edit to open the kit screen. 4. Go to the Valuation tab. 5. In the Companies/Business Residences table, click Add Row to enter a company and business residence. a. Select the Account Determination Group for the kit. The account determination group defines the rules that determine which accounts are used for automatic postings. For more information, see Automatic Account Determination. b. Select the Perpetual Cost Method. A perpetual cost method is required in order for the sales kit to be posted in financial accounting. For more information, see Perpetual Cost Methods. c. In the Status column, the initial status is In Preparation. Update the status as appropriate. The kit is available for the selected company/business residence only once the status is Active. 6. Optional: Enter advanced valuation details for the kit and its companies/business residences. a. Click View All and go to the Valuation tab. b. By default, the base unit of measure is applied as the inventory valuation unit of measure. c. In the Companies/Business Residences table, select a company/business residence. Products View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 109

110 d. Select the Account Determination Group for the kit. The account determination group defines the rules that determine which accounts are used for automatic postings. e. Select the Perpetual Cost Method. A perpetual cost method is required in order for the kit to be posted in financial accounting. f. You can update the cost information for each set of books assigned to the selected company/business residence. To do so, select the set of books and click Edit Cost. A set of books forms a complete and consistent set of accounting data that is required for statutory reporting and creating financial statements. For more information, see Set of Books If a new set of books has been assigned to the company/business residence, when you edit the kit later, it automatically gets displayed on the Valuation tab. However, you must then save the kit to ensure that the new set of books is applied to the kit. 7. To activate the kit for a company/business residence, set the Status to Active. 8. Click Save SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Products View

111 7 Reports View 7.1 New Materials Overview The New Materials report provides an overview of all materials that have not been changed since they were created. You can view all new materials or just those that were created within the last 30, 60, or 90 days. Views The following views are available with this report: New Materials Shows all materials that have not been changed since they were created. New Materials Last 30 Days Shows all materials that were created and not changed in the last 30 days. New Materials Last 60 Days Shows all materials that were created and not changed in the last 60 days. New Materials Last 90 Days Shows all materials that were created and not changed in the last 90 days. Features Report Content The default view of this report shows all new materials that have not been changed. Alternatively, you can select to show only the new materials that were created but not yet changed in the last 30, 60, or 90 days. The report includes the material ID and description, base unit of measure (UoM), product category ID and description, date of creation, and date of last change of each material. The data in this report is initially displayed in table format. You can also display the report as a chart. Analyzing the Report To further analyze data in this report, you can drag characteristics to rows and columns. Material ID Base UoM Product Category Created On Changed On From this report, you can navigate to overview details for materials. To open a material overview, select View Material Overview from the context menu of the material ID or description. Reports View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 111

112 See Also Reports View Overview of Reports in General Business Data Overview of Data Sources in General Business Data 7.2 Changed Materials Overview The Changed Materials report provides an overview of all materials that have been changed since they were created. You can view all changed materials or just those that were changed within the last 30, 60, or 90 days. Views The following views are available with this report: Changed Materials Shows all materials that have been changed since they were created. Changed Materials Last 30 Days Shows all materials that were changed in the last 30 days. Changed Materials Last 60 Days Shows all materials that were changed in the last 60 days. Changed Materials Last 90 Days Shows all materials that were changed in the last 90 days. Features Report Content The default view of this report shows all changed materials. Alternatively, you can select to show only the materials that were changed within the last 30, 60, or 90 days. The report includes the material ID and description, base unit of measure (UoM), product category ID and description, date of creation, and date of last change of each material. The data in this report is initially displayed in table format. You can also display the report as a chart. Analyzing the Report To further analyze data in this report, you can drag characteristics to rows and columns. Material ID Base UoM Product Category Created On Changed On From this report, you can navigate to overview details for materials. To open a material overview, select View Material Overview from the context menu of the material ID or description SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Reports View

113 See Also Reports View Overview of Reports in General Business Data Overview of Data Sources in General Business Data 7.3 New Services Overview The New Services report provides an overview of all services that have not been changed since they were created. You can view all new services or just those that were created within the last 30, 60, or 90 days. Views New Services Shows all services that have not been changed since they were created. New Services Last 30 Days Shows all services that were created and not changed in the last 30 days. New Services Last 60 Days Shows all services that were created and not changed in the last 60 days. New Services Last 90 Days Shows all services that were created and not changed in the last 90 days. Features Report Content The default view of this report shows all new services that have not been changed. Alternatively, you can select to show only the new services that were were created but not yet changed within the last 30, 60, or 90 days. The report includes the service ID and description, base unit of measure (UoM), product category ID and description, date of creation, and date of last change of each service. The data in this report is initially displayed in table format. You can also display the report as a chart. Analyzing the Report To further analyze data in this report, you can drag characteristics to rows and columns. Service ID Base UoM Product Category Created On Changed On From this report, you can navigate to overview details for services. To open a service overview, select View Service Overview from the context menu of the service ID or description. Reports View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 113

114 See Also Reports View Overview of Reports in General Business Data Overview of Data Sources in General Business Data 7.4 Changed Services Overview The Changed Services report provides an overview of all services that have been changed since they were created. You can view all changed services or just those that were changed within the last 30, 60, or 90 days. Views Changed Services Shows all services that have been changed since they were created. Changed Services Last 30 Days Shows all services that were changed in the last 30 days. Changed Services Last 60 Days Shows all services that were changed in the last 60 days. Changed Services Last 90 Days Shows all services that were changed in the last 90 days. Features Report Content The default view of this report shows all changed services. Alternatively, you can select to show only the services that were changed within the last 30, 60, or 90 days. The report includes the service ID and description, base unit of measure (UoM), product category ID and description, date of creation, and date of last change of each service. The data in this report is initially displayed in table format. You can also display the report as a chart. Analyzing the Report To further analyze data in this report, you can drag characteristics to rows and columns. Service ID Base UoM Product Category Created On Changed On From this report, you can navigate to overview details for services. To open a service overview, select View Service Overview from the context menu of the service ID or description SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. P U B L I C Reports View

115 See Also Reports View Overview of Reports in General Business Data Overview of Data Sources in General Business Data Reports View P U B L I C 2017 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 115

116 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice. Some software products marketed by SAP SE and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors. National product specifications may vary. These materials are provided by SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company for informational purposes only, without representation or warranty of any kind, and SAP or its affiliated companies shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials. The only warranties for SAP or SAP affiliate company products and services are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services, if any. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. SAP and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP SE (or an SAP affiliate company) in Germany and other countries. All other product and service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respective companies. Please see index.epx for additional trademark information and notices. icon courtesy of W3C, see creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/.

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