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1 Slide 1

2 Slide 2 Office of Access Design

3 Slide 3 * TOPICS * Office of Access Design Scheduled Activities Definitions Being Being Customer Friendly Designer s s Requirements Access Access Appeal Process Questions & Answers

4 Slide 4 Office of Access Design Major Access Permits for Developers NJDOT Capital Projects along State Highways Scoping Core Group member for Feasibility Assessment & Final Scope Development Designer of Access for In House designed projects Review/coordination of Access being designed by consultants Administration of property owner notification & appeals Projects along State Highways being proposed by developers that require a MAJOR ACCESS PERMIT Review /coordination of Major Access Permit applications Appeals (Developer projects impacting driveways beyond developer s s property)

5 Slide 5 Manager Office of Access Design John Jones Project Manager Diane Thompson Management Assistant Anika James Principal Clerk Typist Joseph Romero Manny Capili Team 1 Project Engineer Project Engineer Team 2 Rich Gering Principal Engineer Rick Thayer Principal Engineer Access & Wireless Communications Jeff Taylor Engineering Tech 2 Wireless Communications Jerry Domino Principal Engineer Sid Hooper Principal Engineer Joann Petti Principal Engineer Andrea Baj Principal CADD Tech MaryAnne Janes Principal CADD Tech

6 Slide 6 SCHEDULED ACTIVITIES

7 Slide 7 Access Plan & Access Cutouts Beginning in Feasibility Assessment (FA) and continuing through Final Scope Development (FSD) the designer of record is responsible for an overall project access plan. As a project progresses the available project information will also be refined. As such, an overall project access plan will also evolve.

8 Slide 8 Access Activities By Pipeline Prel Des Final Des 1150 PL-1 1 or 2 PL PL-1 1 or 2 PL PL-1 1 or 2 PL PL-1 1 or 2 PL PL-1 1 or 2 PL PL-1 1 or 2 or 3

9 Slide 9 Final Scope Development Activities Initiate Access Impacts (1) coordination between BPSD (Group Manager), Designer, PM & OAD to identify access impacts (existing access) ) of various project schemes. (2) OAD s s initial review of consultants identification, recommendation and justification of any warranted waivers. (3) OAD attendance at Scoping Core Group meetings and any associated public information meeting. (4) OAD will provide each designer with a copy of our guidelines. Included as a handout for this training.

10 Slide 10 Final Scope Development Activities Prepare Access Plans (1) once a project s s geometry/alignment has been defined, an overview plan will be prepared by the designer. (2) this plan will depict existing & proposed access for each property within the project limits. (3) OAD will coordinate with the designer regarding the requirements for the plan and the access code.

11 Slide 11 Final Scope Development Activities Conduct Access Review (1) OAD s s review the designer s s access plan for compliance with access code requirements. (2) OAD s s coordination with BPSD, designer, PM to resolve any problems. (3) OAD attendance at Scoping Core Group meetings and any associated public information meeting.

12 Slide 12 Initial Design Development Prepare Access Cutouts (1) OAD will coordinate with the designer regarding the requirements for this activity. (2) OAD will verify there is consistency between the access developed during the scoping process and the initial design phase. (3) For all in house designed projects, OAD is the designer for the access cutouts and will coordinate with Geometrics (Production Management) for required information. (3) OAD attendance at all required meetings and any associated public information meeting.

13 Slide 13 Initial Design Development Review of Access Cutouts (1) For all consultant designed projects, OAD will review the individual property access cutouts for consistency with our guidelines. (2) OAD will meet with the designer and each PM s s to coordinate the completion of this activity. (3) For ALL REVOCATIONS OF ACCESS,, OAD will verify that the designer has analyzed and addressed the access code requirements for REASONABLE ALTERNATIVE ACCESS.

14 Slide 14 Initial Design Development Administration Mods & Revs (1) OAD will prepare property owner notification letters, attach cutouts and send by certified mail (2) If property owner appeals, schedule informal meeting * Manager, MAP * OAD (supervisor & case manager) * DAG (as needed) * ROW * PM * Designer (as needed) * Property Owner (including reps - engineers & lawyers) (3) Hold informal meeting and address owner concerns (4) Prepare response to owner based on informal meeting (5) Address any subsequent correspondence or appeals

15 Slide 15 Responsibility for Access Design for Capital Projects = Office of Access Design

16 Slide 16 It is suggested that if any other NJDOT units are used as a resource for any potential access impacts, that YOU remember that it will be the Office of Access Design that will ultimately be administering the individual property notifications. We would recommend that the Office of Access Design be included in all reviews.

17 Slide 17 DEFINITIONS

18 Slide 18 Definitions are like belts. The shorter they are, the more elastic they need to be. By stretching it, it can be made to fit almost anybody.

19 Slide 19 Classification of Departmental Access Activities Revocation of Access (N.J.A.C. 16: d) 4.33d) Modification of Access (N.J.A.C. 16: c) 4.33c) Adjustment of Access (N.J.A.C. 16: b) 4.33b)

20 Slide 20 Revocation of Access

21 Slide 21 Revocation of Access 1. Eliminating DIRECT INGRESS 2. Eliminating DIRECT EGRESS 3. Eliminating DIRECT INGRESS and EGRESS AND Providing alternative access to a street, highway, easement, service road or common driveway other than the subject State highway

22 Slide 22 Revocation of Access Example 1: Eliminating direct ingress Before After

23 Slide 23 Revocation of Access Example 2: Eliminating direct egress Before After

24 Slide 24 Revocation of Access Example 3: Eliminating direct ingress and egress Before After

25 Slide 25 REVOCATION OF ACCESS What is Reasonable Alternative Access?

26 Slide 26 Revocation of Access Reasonable Alternative Access Commercial Property Access onto any parallel or perpendicular roadway* which is of sufficient design to support commercial traffic and is convenient, direct and well marked Industrial Property Access onto any improved roadway* which is of sufficient design to support necessary truck/employee access as required by the industry Residential/Agricultural Property Access onto any improved public street or highway * street-highway highway-easement-service service road-common driveway

27 Slide 27 Revocation of Commercial Access Reasonable Alternative Access Five Tests 1. Alternative access is provided via a parallel or perpendicular street, highway, easement, service road or common driveway 2. Of sufficient design to support commercial traffic to and from the business or use 3. Convenient 4. Direct 5. Well-marked means of reaching the site and returning to the State highway See Next Slide for Legal Determinations

28 Slide 28 Reasonable Alternative Access Five Tests Legal Definitions Upheld at OAL Hearings PERPENDICULAR = Any street that intersects a highway, OR PARALLEL = Any street that intersects a perpendicular street SUFFICIENCY OF DESIGN = Path can carry the size & type of traffic for commercial use Capacity to handle anticipated volume of traffic (as of the date of notice to owner) Pavement strength to handle the weight of anticipated traffic Driveways must handle anticipated volume, size & type of vehicles CONVENIENT = When Ingress & Egress Fits with the site Lines up with traffic circulation aisles Serves loading areas, drive-ups windows, etc. DIRECT = Relatively straight & limited choices along the path WELL-MARKED = Signs provided to direct motorists from the existing ingress to the alternative ingress and from the existing egress back to the highway Signs provided at each place where a motorist will have to make a decision

29 Slide 29 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 1A Perpendicular Streets (Any street that intersects a highway) State Highway

30 Slide 30 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 1B Parallel Streets (Any street that intersects a perpendicular street) State Highway

31 Slide 31 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 2 Sufficiency of Design The path can carry the size and type of traffic for the commercial use Capacity to handle the anticipated volume of traffic, as of the date of the notice to the owner Pavement strength to handle the weight of the anticipated traffic Driveways must handle anticipated volume, size and type of vehicles

32 Slide 32 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 3 Convenient Do the alternative ingress and egress: Fit with the site? Line up with traffic circulation aisles? Serve loading areas, drive-up windows, etc.?

33 Slide 33 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 4 Direct Relatively straight There are limited choices along the path

34 Slide 34 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Well-marked Signs are provided to direct motorists from the existing ingress to the alternative ingress and from the existing egress back to the highway A sign will be provided at each place where a motorist will have to make a decision Signs: 8 square feet White message on blue or green background Maintained for at least one year

35 Slide 35 Alternative Access Signing

36 Slide 36 Revocation of Commercial Access Recommended Sign Placements Site is upstream or downstream of Alternative Access Highway is undivided or divided

37 Slide 37 Revocation of Commercial Access Recommended Sign Placements Site is upstream of Alternative Access Highway is undivided

38 Slide 38 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is UPSTREAM of Alternative Access) SITE SHOPPING CTR XX Undivided State Highway

39 Slide 39 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is UPSTREAM of Alternative Access) SITE SHOPPING CTR XX Undivided State Highway

40 Slide 40 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is UPSTREAM of Alternative Access) SITE SHOPPING CTR XX Undivided State Highway

41 Slide 41 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is UPSTREAM of Alternative Access) TO SITE 31 XX Undivided State Highway

42 Slide 42 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is UPSTREAM of Alternative Access) SITE SHOPPING CTR XX Undivided State Highway

43 Slide 43 Revocation of Commercial Access Recommended Sign Placements Site is upstream of Alternative Access Highway is divided

44 Slide 44 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is UPSTREAM of Alternative Access) SITE SHOPPING CTR XX Divided State Highway

45 Slide 45 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is UPSTREAM of Alternative Access) SITE SHOPPING CTR XX Divided State Highway

46 Slide 46 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is UPSTREAM of Alternative Access) SITE SHOPPING CTR XX Divided State Highway

47 Slide 47 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is UPSTREAM of Alternative Access) TO SITE 31 XX Divided State Highway

48 Slide 48 Revocation of Commercial Access Recommended Sign Placements Site is downstream of Alternative Access Highway is undivided

49 Slide 49 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is DOWNSTREAM of Alternative Access) SHOPPING CTR SITE XX Undivided State Highway

50 Slide 50 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is DOWNSTREAM of Alternative Access) SHOPPING CTR SITE XX Undivided State Highway

51 Slide 51 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement TO (Site is DOWNSTREAM of Alternative Access) 31 SITE XX Undivided State Highway

52 Slide 52 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is DOWNSTREAM of Alternative Access) SHOPPING CTR SITE XX Undivided State Highway

53 Slide 53 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is DOWNSTREAM of Alternative Access) SHOPPING CTR SITE XX Undivided State Highway

54 Slide 54 Revocation of Commercial Access Recommended Sign Placements Site is downstream of Alternative Access Highway is divided

55 Slide 55 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is DOWNSTREAM of Alternative Access) SHOPPING CTR SITE XX Divided State Highway

56 Slide 56 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement (Site is DOWNSTREAM of Alternative Access) SHOPPING CTR SITE XX Divided State Highway

57 Slide 57 Revocation of Commercial Access Test 5 Recommended Sign Placement TO (Site is DOWNSTREAM of Alternative Access) 31 SITE XX Divided State Highway

58 Slide 58 Where is Existing Access? Access Ingress Egress Road State highway Non-State highway Intersection Street Jughandle (Forward and Reverse) Interchange

59 Slide 59 Street Intersection Ingress State Highway State Highway Ingress Street Street Ingress

60 Slide 60 Street Intersection Egress State Highway Street State Highway Egress Street Egress

61 Slide 61 Forward Jughandle Ingress State Highway State Highway Ingress Street Street Ingress

62 Slide 62 Forward Jughandle Egress State Highway State Highway Egress Street Street Egress

63 Slide 63 Reverse Jughandle Ingress State Highway Street Ingress Street State Highway Ingress

64 Slide 64 Reverse Jughandle Egress State Highway Egress State Highway Street Egress Street

65 Slide 65 Street Interchange Ingress Street Ingress State Highway Ingress State Highway State Highway Ingress

66 Slide 66 Interchange Egress State Highway Egress State Highway Street Street Egress State Highway Egress

67 Slide 67 Modifications

68 Slide 68 Modification of Access 1. Changing the NUMBER of access points 2. Changing the WIDTH of an access point by MORE than 5 feet (1.5 meters) 3. Changing the LOCATION of an access point by MORE than 10 feet (3 meters)

69 Slide 69 Modification of Access Example 1: Changing number of driveways Number of Driveways (X) +/- X Before After

70 Slide 70 Modification of Access Example 2: Changing width by more than 5 feet Before After

71 Slide 71 Modification of Access Example 3: Changing location by more than 10 feet Before After

72 Slide 72 Adjustments

73 Slide 73 Adjustment of Access 1. Changing WIDTH of an access point by 5 feet (1.5 meters) or LESS 2. Changing the LOCATION of an access point by 10 feet (3 meters) or LESS 3. Moving an access point away from the centerline of the highway

74 Slide 74 Adjustment of Access Example 1: Changing width by 5 feet or Less Before After

75 Slide 75 Adjustment of Access Example 2: Changing location by 10 feet or Less Before After

76 Slide 76 Adjustment of Access Example 3: Moving away from the Centerline Before After

77 Slide 77 COMMON DRIVEWAY PROBLEMS

78 Slide 78 What are the most common problems? Too many existing driveways Driveways too close to intersections Owner has invaded the right of way Owner wants betterments

79 Slide 79 What are the most common problems? Too many existing driveways Refer to Modification of Access

80 Slide 80 What are the most common problems? Driveways too close to intersections Street 100 at traffic signals 50 at most unsignalized 12 for most residential Driveway See N.J.A.C. 16:47-3.8(k) State Highway

81 Slide 81 What are the most common problems? Owner has invaded the right of way

82 Slide 82 Reclaiming ROW Bldg ROW Before

83 Slide 83 Reclaiming ROW Bldg X X X X X X X X ROW After

84 Slide 84 Reclaiming ROW Bldg ROW Before

85 Slide 85 Reclaiming ROW Bldg ROW After

86 Slide 86 What are the most common problems? Owner wants betterments One driveway before - Two driveways after Ingress only before - Ingress and egress after

87 Slide 87 Being Customer Friendly

88 Slide 88 CUSTOMER FRIENDLY (effective 1/6/00, Commissioner merged OAD into MAP with a goal of improving the organizational structure with a focus on being customer friendly) In order to be customer friendly and meet context sensitive design goals OAD staff attempts to balance requirements of the Access Code & the Roadway Design Manual against the objectives of the project.

89 Slide 89 New Designs Example of a context sensitive design element without a corresponding NJ Access Code requirement.

90 Slide 90 Roundabouts and Access Management Bruce W. Robinson Principal Investigator Roundabouts: An Informational Guide Kittelson & Associates, Inc. Portland, Oregon USA

91 Slide 91 Access Management What to do with driveways? Three typical cases Driveways entering roundabout Driveways near roundabout Mid-block driveways between roundabouts

92 Slide 92 Access Management What to do with driveways? Three typical cases Driveways entering roundabout Driveways near roundabout Mid-block driveways between roundabouts

93 Slide 93 Driveways Entering Roundabout Generally should be avoided High-volume driveways should be designed as a regular approach

94 Slide 94 Driveways Near Roundabout In general, same principles as for driveways near signalized intersections * Should not locate driveways between pedestrian crossing and yield line Driveways blocked by splitter island restricted to right-in/right in/right-out * NJ Access Code would = 100 ft from PT

95 Slide 95 Mid-block Driveways Between Roundabouts Ability to provide full access dependent on several factors: Capacity for minor movements Need for and ability to provide left-turn turn storage between splitter island and driveway Can provide U-turns U at roundabouts

96 Slide 96 Designer s Requirements

97 Slide 97 Designer s Requirements Beginning in Feasibility Assessment (FA) and continuing through Final Scope Development (FSD) the designer of record is responsible for an overall project access plan. Additionally, the designer is responsible for reviewing ALL EXISTING DRIVEWAYS to determine if they are in conformance with the access code.

98 Slide 98 Designer s Requirements If the existing driveways are in conformance with the access code, then no changes should be proposed. If the existing driveways are NOT in conformance with the access code, then the design shall evaluate revising the existing driveway based on TWO VIEWPOINTS.

99 Slide 99 Designer s Requirements Viewpoint 1: As DOT s designer what would be required to bring the existing driveway into conformance by adherence to the access code. Viewpoint #2: As the hypothetical property owner s site engineer would the owner be agreeable to solutions identified in viewpoint #1.

100 Slide 100 Designer s Requirements If viewpoint #2, is NOT compatible with viewpoint #1, then the designer should propose a scheme for access that would likely be acceptable to the owner, keeping in mind the objectives of the access code. It will be the designer s responsibility to propose any waivers, including recommendations to OAD. Ultimately, OAD & the PM will decide on a final access solution.

101 Slide 101 Designer s Requirements If viewpoint #1 & viewpoint #2 are reasonably similar, then the solutions from viewpoint #1 should be progressed.

102 Slide 102 Designer s Requirements If the proposed solution will result in a REVOCATION of access, then the designer shall evaluate & document if the alternative access is reasonable or unreasonable. OAD will evaluate the designer s documentation and agree with the findings of reasonableness BEFORE a revocation of access notification letter is sent.

103 Slide 103 Access Cutouts

104 Slide 104 Preparation of Access Cutouts Following the establishment of the project s s geometry the designer will prepare detailed access cutouts that will be used for property owner notification, based on: ROW Lines (Existing & Proposed) Property Lines (Existing & Proposed) Slope Lines (Existing & Proposed) Denial of Access Lines (Existing & Proposed) Traffic Striping (Existing & Proposed) Driveways(Existing & Proposed with limits of paving) Drainage & Sign Structures (Existing & Proposed) Guiderail (Existing & Proposed) Block #, Lot #, Zoning & Existing Land Use Existing Topography Existing On-Site Parking, circulation & Loading Areas

105 Slide 105 Cutout Content Requirements Size (sufficient to show entire property) Owner s s Name & Address Legend: Scale of Plan Title Block Proposed ROW Line Block No Abbreviations Alternative access route & signing plan (revs only) Existing Driveway (RED) Existing Driveway To Be Removed (Purple) Proposed Driveway (Blue) Topsoil and Seeded Area (Green) Date of Plan (mm/dd/yy) 12 Copies (minimum)

106 Slide 106 Sample Cutout

107 Slide 107 Preparation of Access Cutouts Consultant Prepare markups on the base plan Submit markups to OAD for review Prepare individual cutouts (Revocations, Modifications, Adjustments, Changes showing entire property Revs require a plan showing alternative access route and signing plan Office of Access Design Review submitted markups Arrange meeting with Project Manager and Consultant to discuss alternatives for lots with unique or difficult access Review submitted cutouts for conformity with Access Code and content requirements

108 Slide 108 Sufficiency of Access

109 Slide 109 Design Vehicles Passenger cars Single unit trucks (UPS, Fedex, etc.) Fuel delivery vehicles - WB 15 (Gas Stations) Tractor trailers WB 15 WB 19

110 Slide 110 Things to Consider Identify the vehicles that use the site Establish the before travel paths Getting to an from the site Circulating on the site Establish the after travel paths Analyze getting to and from the site Analyze circulating on the site

111 Slide 111 Sufficiency of Driveway Design Date of road traffic volumes = Date of initial access notice Site trip generation = ITE rates for size and type of land use Site trip distribution = Based on traffic counts or assumptions Hours to analyze = PM and Saturday for shopping, AM and PM for most other land uses Driveway LOS standard = A-E>> 45 seconds Urban, 30 seconds Rural F>>no worse than no-build A% B% A+B% C% Site Site D% C+D% Before After

112 Slide 112 Sufficiency of Design Traffic Engineering Issues (Revocations) Ability of alternative access roadways to handle traffic Ability of alternative access driveways to handle traffic

113 Slide 113 Sufficiency of Design Analysis Before Submitting Revocation Plan Project traffic conditions to date of revocation notice Traffic for existing roads DOT may have counts Designer may have counts Site traffic Use ITE trip generation rates; or Use trip generation from Appendix E1

114 Slide 114 Sufficiency of Design Analysis Before Submitting Revocation Plan Traffic counts may be needed to establish distribution for sites with multiple driveways Use Highway Capacity Manual analyses for Signalized and unsignalized intersections Merges and diverges, etc. Present results in tables

115 Slide 115 Access Appeal Process

116 Slide 116 Appeal Process Department Notification of Access Impacts Adjustments (appeal process NOT required) Department may offer an unofficial appeal opportunity same as a modification Modifications (appeal process required) informal hearing with Manager, informal hearing with Director, Design Services Revocations (appeal process required) informal hearing with Manager formal hearing with Administrative Law Judge

117 Slide 117 Timeframes Modification Appeal Process STEP DAYS Owner requests informal meeting with Manager MAP 30 Informal meeting scheduled 5 Informal meeting held 30 Manager MAP responds to owner 30 Owner accepts or appeals decision to Director Design Services 40 Director schedules hearing 5 Director holds hearing 30 Director makes Final Agency Determination 30 Total 200

118 Slide 118 Timeframes Revocation Appeal Process STEP DAYS Owner requests informal meeting with Manager MAP 30 Informal meeting scheduled 5 Informal meeting held 30 Manager MAP responds to owner 30 Owner accepts or appeals decision to OAL 40 Manager Major Access Permits requests OAL hearing 15 OAL holds hearing 120 OAL Judge makes recommendation to Commissioner 75 Commissioner makes Final Agency Determination 45 Total 390

119 Slide 119 Does Being Customer Friendly Work? Since January 6, 2000: Less than 10 modifications have been appealed to Director of Design Services. TWO revocations of access have been appealed to OAL. Access appeal process has become participatory by including ROW, PM s s & designers. Access decisions based on Departmental teamwork. Savings to project schedules & costs. Allows access to be concluded faster which allows ROW process to begin sooner.

120 Slide 120 We ve carefully thought out all the access We ve used the access code a thousand times. The access process comes naturally to us. We know what we re doing, its what we ve been trained to do. Nothing could possibly go wrong, RIGHT?

121 Slide 121 Think Again - always expect the unexpected!

122 Slide 122 Questions & Answers

123 Slide 123 ACCESS TEST QUESTION 1 How many Departmental Access Classifications are defined in the NJ State Highway Access Management Code? Correct answer is three (3), an adjustment, modification or revocation.

124 Slide 124 ACCESS TEST QUESTION 2 After receipt of a notification letter, how many days does a property owner have to appeal the Department s proposed access? Correct answer is thirty 30 days. Officially, only modifications and revocations can be appealed. For adjustments, notification letters will not be sent to a property owner if ROW is being acquired. If ROW is not being acquired, then the department will notify a property owner of the access impacts as a courtesy and if requested a meeting may be held.

125 Slide 125 ACCESS TEST QUESTION 3 Which type of access impacts require the Department to offer an appeal process? [ ] Adjustments and Modifications [ ] Modifications and Revocations [ ] Adjustments, Modifications and Revocations [ ] Revocations Correct answer is modifications and revocations only. There is no requirement to offer or to hold a meeting for an adjustment.

126 Slide 126 ACCESS TEST QUESTION 4 Which type of access impacts can be appealed to a non- NJDOT agency? [ ] Adjustments and Modifications [ ] Modifications and Revocations [ ] Adjustments, Modifications and Revocations [ ] Revocations Correct answer a revocation: the department shall provide the lot owner with written notice of the owner s right to request a hearing in accordance with the provisions of the administrative procedure act, N.J.S.A. 52:14b-1 et seq., And the uniform administrative procedure rules, N.J.A.C. 1:1. An appeal to the office of administrative law, follows the property owners appeal to the department.

127 Slide 127 ACCESS TEST QUESTION 5 A revocation of access is limited to the elimination of: [ ] Direct Egress [ ] Direct Ingress [ ] Direct Egress and Ingress [ ] All the above Correct answer is ALL THE ABOVE: A revocation of access is restricted to eliminating direct ingress, egress, or ingress and egress and providing access to a street, highway, easement, service road or common driveway other than the subject State highway.

128 Slide 128 ACCESS TEST QUESTION 6 For a revocation of access, how many types of actual lot zoning and actual land usage is considered for determining reasonable alternative access? Correct answer is three (3) commercial, industrial, residential or agricultural. For a lot that is used for purposes more intense than it is zoned for, the existing use shall be used to classify which revocation standards apply. Prior to revocation, the department shall determine that the lot has reasonable access to the general system of streets and highways in the state, other than its state highway access, and that: (continued)

129 Slide 129 ACCESS TEST QUESTION 6 For a lot zoned or used for commercial purposes, has access onto any parallel or perpendicular street, highway, easement, service road, or common driveway, which is of sufficient design to support commercial traffic to the site, and is situated so that motorists will have a convenient, direct, and well-marked means of reaching the site and returning to the state highway. Commercial purposes include, but are not limited to, wholesale facilities, retail facilities, service establishments, office buildings, research buildings, and residential parcels of at least 25 acres and at least four residential units per acre; (continued)

130 Slide 130 ACCESS TEST QUESTION 6 For a lot zoned or used for industrial purposes, has access onto any improved public street, highway, access road, or easement across an industrial access road, which is of sufficient design to support necessary truck and employee access as required by the industry; and 3. For a lot zoned or used for residential or agricultural purposes (except as provided in i. Above), has access onto any improved public street or highway.

131 Slide 131 ACCESS TEST QUESTION 7 How many TESTS must be evaluated in determining if reasonable alternative access has been met, as defined by the Access Code? Correct answer is: depends on the zoning Commercial property = five tests Industrial property = one test Residential = one test Agricultural = one test

132 Slide 132 ACCESS TEST QUESTION 8 A MODIFICATION of access is limited to changing the: a. number of access points b. width of an access point by more than 5 feet c. grade of the access point by more than 5 percent d. location of the access point by more than 10 feet CORRECT ANSWER IS a-b-d. A modification of access is restricted to changing the number of access points, changing the width of an access point by more than five feet (1.5 meters), or changing the location of an access point by more than 10 feet (3 meters).

133 Slide 133 ACCESS TEST QUESTION 9 An ADJUSTMENT of access is limited to changing the: a. number of access points b. width of an access point by 5 feet or less c. moving the access point away from the centerline d. location of the access point by 10 feet or less CORRECT ANSWER IS b-c-d. An adjustment of access is restricted to changing the width of an access point by five feet (1.5 meters) or less, changing the location of an access point by 10 feet (3 meters) or less, moving an access point away from the centerline of the highway, such as when the highway is widened, or changing the elevation or profile of an access point.

134 Slide 134 THE END The Office of Access Design hopes that this training was helpful.

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