Qualification Management for Geological Storage of CO 2

Transcription

1 DNV SERVICE SPECIFICATION DNV-DSS-402 Qualification Management for Geological Storage of CO 2 JUNE 2012 This document has been amended since the main revision (June 2012), most recently in July See Changes on page 3. The electronic pdf version of this document found through is the officially binding version The content of this service document is the subject of intellectual property rights reserved by Det Norske Veritas AS (DNV). The user accepts that it is prohibited by anyone else but DNV and/or its licensees to offer and/or perform classification, certification and/or verification services, including the issuance of certificates and/or declarations of conformity, wholly or partly, on the basis of and/or pursuant to this document whether free of charge or chargeable, without DNV's prior written consent. DNV is not responsible for the consequences arising from any use of this document by others.

2 FOREWORD DNV is a global provider of knowledge for managing risk. Today, safe and responsible business conduct is both a license to operate and a competitive advantage. Our core competence is to identify, assess, and advise on risk management. From our leading position in certification, classification, verification, and training, we develop and apply standards and best practices. This helps our customers safely and responsibly improve their business performance. DNV is an independent organisation with dedicated risk professionals in more than 100 countries, with the purpose of safeguarding life, property and the environment. DNV service documents consist of among others the following types of documents: Service Specifications. Procedural requirements. Standards. Technical requirements. Recommended Practices. Guidance. The Standards and Recommended Practices are offered within the following areas: A) Qualification, Quality and Safety Methodology B) Materials Technology C) Structures D) Systems E) Special Facilities F) Pipelines and Risers G) Asset Operation H) Marine Operations J) Cleaner Energy O) Subsea Systems U) Unconventional Oil & Gas Det Norske Veritas AS June 2012 Any comments may be sent by to rules@dnv.com This service document has been prepared based on available knowledge, technology and/or information at the time of issuance of this document, and is believed to reflect the best of contemporary technology. The use of this document by others than DNV is at the user's sole risk. DNV does not accept any liability or responsibility for loss or damages resulting from any use of this document.

3 Amended July 2013 DNV Service Specification DNV-DSS-402, June 2012 see note on front cover Changes Page 3 CHANGES CURRENT General This is a new document. Amendment July 2013 Sec.3 Service Overview In items C202 and C302, references to DNV-RP-J203 have been corrected.

4 Contents Page 4 CONTENTS CHANGES CURRENT... 3 Sec. 1 General... 5 A. General... 5 A 100 Introduction... 5 A 200 Objectives... 5 A 300 Scope of application...5 A 400 Structure of this document... 5 B. Background...5 B 100 Introduction... 5 C. Definitions and Abbreviations... 5 C 100 General...5 C 200 Verbal forms...5 C 300 Definitions...6 D. References... 6 D 100 References... 6 Sec. 2 Principles for Selection, Qualification and Management of Geological Storage Sites for CO A. General... 7 A 100 Objective...7 B. Selection, qualification and management process... 7 B 100 General...7 B 200 Storage site screening...7 B 300 Storage site appraisal...8 B 400 Permitting... 8 B 500 Risk Management...9 B 600 Well Qualification...10 Sec. 3 Service Overview A. General A 100 Objectives A 200 Introduction to DNV Services A 300 Combined roles in the selection and qualification process B. Qualification Management...11 B 100 General...11 C. Certification C 100 General C 200 Statement of Feasibility C 300 Statement of Endorsement C 400 Certificate of Fitness for Storage...12 C 500 Certificate of Fitness for Closure...12 D. Verification...13 D 100 General...13 App. A Examples of CO 2 Storage Certification Documents A. General A 100 Introduction... 14

5 Sec.1 General Page 5 SECTION 1 GENERAL A. General A 100 Introduction 101 This DNV Service Specification (DSS) provides a framework for the certification of geological storage sites for carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). 102 This certification framework is supported by DNV Recommended Practice RP-J203 for the selection, qualification and management of CO 2 geological storage sites. A 200 Objectives 201 The objectives of this document are to: describe DNV s services within selection, qualification and management of geological storage sites provide guidance for CO 2 storage project developers and other parties on the extent of involvement from DNV provide a common communication platform for project stakeholders to describe the extent of storage site selection, qualification and management activities. A 300 Scope of application 301 This DSS applies to the selection, qualification and management of geological storage sites for CO 2. A 400 Structure of this document 401 This document consists of three sections and one appendix: Section 1, General gives a general scope of the document, background information, definitions and references. Section 2, Principles for Selection, Qualification and Management of Geological Storage Sites for CO 2 presents an overview of DNV s recommended practice for the qualification of geological storage sites for CO 2, which is further detailed in DNV RP-J203. Section 3, Service Overview describes DNV s services related to DNV RP-J203 including activities and deliverables. Appendix A provides examples of the DNV qualification statements and certificates described in Section 3. B. Background B 100 Introduction 101 A recommended practice for a systematic approach to selection, qualification and management of geological storage sites for CO 2 is given in DNV RP-J203. A key intention is to harmonize implementation of CO 2 storage in compliance with regulations, international standards and directives while avoiding documentation and reporting requirements that may incur project delays and additional expense. 102 The term qualification in this document means the process of providing evidence that a CO 2 storage site will function reliably within the specified operational limits with an acceptable level of confidence. 103 While DNV RP-J203 provides a description of the process applicable to the selection qualification and management of storage sites, this document describes DNV s services based on that process. C. Definitions and Abbreviations C 100 General 101 The definitions in DNV RP-J203 also apply to this document. 102 Alternative solutions: Alternative solutions may be substituted where shown to provide an equivalent or higher level of integrity or safety than the requirements under this standard. Justification of alternative solutions shall be documented. C 200 Verbal forms 201 The terms will, can and may are used when describing DNV s actions or activities and the terms shall, should and may are used when referring to other parties than DNV.

6 Sec.1 General Page Shall : indicates requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to this DSS and from which no deviation is permitted. 203 Should : indicates that among several possibilities, one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required. Other possibilities may be applied subject to agreement. 204 Will : indicates a mandatory action or activity to be undertaken by DNV. (Ref. shall for other parties.) 205 Can : indicates an action or activity that DNV will not necessarily do unless specifically requested by the client. (Ref. should for other parties.) 206 May : verbal form used to indicate a course of action permissible within the limits of the DSS. C 300 Definitions 301 Conceptually feasible: A storage site at an early stage of development is considered conceptually feasible if the main challenges have been identified and judged to be resolvable by use of sound engineering practice. Guidance note: Although a storage site has been stated conceptually feasible, there are still activities necessary to be executed in order to establish the required confidence that the storage site is fit for service. Consequently, there will be a possibility that the storage site contrary to expectations will not be stated fit for service. ---e-n-d---of---g-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e Storage Development Plan: The application for a new Storage Permit should take the form of a Storage Development Plan, comparable to a Plan for Development and Operations for hydrocarbon fields. The term Storage Development Plan is used in a generic sense and DNV recognises that the name of this document and required content may vary depending on jurisdiction. A Storage Development Plan should include the following components (see DNV RP-J203): a storage site Characterization Report an Injection and Operating Plan an Environmental Statement a Storage Performance Forecast a Risk Management Plan a Monitoring Plan a Communication Plan a storage site Closure Plan an Accounting and Reporting Plan. D. References D 100 References 101 DNV RP-J203 Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide. 102 DNV RP-A203 Qualification of New Technology. 103 DNV Standards for Certification No. 1.2 Conformity Certification Services Type Approval. 104 DNV OSS-300 Risk Based Verification.

7 Sec.2 Principles for Selection, Qualification and Management of Geological Storage Sites for CO 2 Page 7 SECTION 2 PRINCIPLES FOR SELECTION, QUALIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF GEOLOGICAL STORAGE SITES FOR CO 2 A. General A 100 Objective 101 The objective of this section is to give a brief overview of the principles for CO 2 storage site selection, qualification and management as given in DNV RP-J A thorough guidance to the application of the work process is given in DNV-RP-A203. B. Selection, qualification and management process B 100 General 101 DNV RP-J203 describes a generic capital value process for developing CO 2 storage sites that relates activities and deliverables to the project milestones shown in Figure Initiate Project Select Prospective Sites Select Storage Site Storage Permit application Initiate Construction Initiate CO 2 Injection Qualify for Site Closure Decommision Screening EP Appraisal Permitting SP Design Construct Operate Close TOR RP-J203 DSS402 Statement of Feasibility Screening & Appraisal Statement of Endorsement Permitting Certificate of Conformity (Storage) Risk Management Well Qualification Renewal - Certificate of Conformity (Storage) Permitting Certificate of Conformity (Closure) EP Exploration Permit SP CO 2Storage Permit TOR Transfer of Responsibility Figure 1 Life cycle diagram for CO 2 geological storage projects showing decision gates (diamonds) and permits (stars). The certification framework described in this document (DSS402) is shown below the relevant project stages. The topics covered in DNV RP-J203 are shown in the grey boxes. 102 Decision gates 2, 4 and 8 in Figure 1 are designed to precede an operator s application for an Exploration Permit, Storage Permit and Transfer of Responsibility Permit, or their equivalents. 103 DNV RP-J203 contains the following sections, as indicated by the grey bars in Figure 1: Storage Site Screening and Appraisal Permitting Risk Management Well Qualification. B 200 Storage site screening 201 General The purpose of storage site screening is to evaluate the potential for CO 2 geological storage in a given region based primarily on existing data. The following steps represent a generic recommendation of screening activities applicable to any region. The scope of the steps is expected to vary between regions depending on the quality and quantity of existing data.

8 Sec.2 Principles for Selection, Qualification and Management of Geological Storage Sites for CO 2 Page 8 The output from storage site screening should be a list of potential storage sites that fulfil the operator s requirements laid down in the Screening Basis. The screening process should be documented in a Screening Report. 202 Activities and deliverables: Screening Basis Screening Plan Data collection and review Uncertainty Assessment Risk Assessment Evaluation and Screening Report. B 300 Storage site appraisal 301 General The purpose of this stage is to appraise prospective storage sites in detail and develop a well engineering concept that provides the required capacity, injectivity and containment. Appraisal should be carried out for a portfolio of prospective storage sites in order to minimise the risk of not discovering a suitable storage site in a given area. The storage site appraisal process shall provide an operator with enough technical information to determine which storage sites remain prospective at Milestone M3 and select the best candidate. The appraisal process shall be documented in an Appraisal Report. If successful, the appraisal process shall provide the information required to compile a robust Storage Permit application. The following steps represent a generic recommendation of appraisal activities applicable to any region. The scope of the steps is expected to vary between regions depending on the quality and quantity of existing data. 302 Activities and deliverables: Appraisal Basis Appraisal Plan Characterization Modelling Risk Assessment Appraisal Review Well Engineering Concept Monitoring and Risk Management Planning Evaluation and Appraisal Report. B 400 Permitting 401 The term storage permit is used to refer to the following: a new storage permit the renewal of an existing storage permit the transfer from one type of permit to another type (for example from enhanced oil production by CO 2 injection to CO 2 storage) the registration of a project in a regulated scheme that requires reporting of mass of CO 2 emissions avoided. 402 The client should follow the recommended procedure for developing a storage permit: document permit context and requirements define risk performance targets with regulator develop or update storage permit application verify completeness submit application. 403 Where the specification of a risk performance target shall include: the target level of risk the risk treatment and/or inherent characteristics of a storage site that shall reduce and maintain the risk at or below this level the expected and low-end likelihood that the specified risk treatment will be effective in meeting the target level of risk the rationale and analysis behind the risk evaluation. Risk performance targets shall be relevant to the permit context and requirements. Targets for storage operations shall be updated for storage site closure. 404 The application for a new Storage Permit should take the form of a Storage Development Plan. This term is used in a generic sense and DNV recognises that the name of this document and required content may vary depending on jurisdiction.

9 Sec.2 Principles for Selection, Qualification and Management of Geological Storage Sites for CO 2 Page A Storage Development Plan should include the following components: a storage site Characterization Report from Appraisal stage an Injection and Operating Plan including injection forecast and Well Engineering Concept an Environmental Statement representing the outcome of an Environmental Impact Assessment or an equivalent process a Storage Performance Forecast demonstrating the suitability of the Injection and Operating Plan in meeting the storage site performance requirements defined in the Appraisal Basis a Risk Management Plan for the Operate and Close stages of a project a Monitoring Plan covering health, safety and the environment, verification of predictive models and verification of amount of CO 2 stored a Communication Plan for responding to significant events a storage site Closure Plan describing closure requirements for a given storage site and the qualification process that shall be used to demonstrate fulfillment of these requirements an Accounting and Reporting Plan anticipated to be required, but content and structure to be prescribed by appropriate regulations and/or requirements of an emissions trading scheme. 406 The application for renewal of a storage permit, transfer of usage of a storage site or registration in a regulated scheme that requires reporting of mass of CO 2 emissions avoided, is expected to have a smaller scope than the application for a new storage permit. For these cases the operator shall identify the relevant parts of the Storage Development Plan and use them as required. 407 The application for a Closure Permit, if applicable, should take the form of a Closure Qualification Statement that includes the following components: a description of the Closure Basis including a list of requirements that shall be fulfilled in order for the storage site to be closed an Environmental Statement for storage site closure updated with respect to natural or manmade changes that have occurred during operations and potential impacts from decommissioning a Storage Performance Forecast for storage site closure updated with respect to historical performance data and including a revised list of key monitoring targets a Monitoring Plan for storage site closure updated with respect to the revised list of key monitoring targets defined in the updated Storage Performance Forecast an Updated Closure Plan updated with respect to any changes to closure requirements, key monitoring targets and/or stakeholder composition (for example by change of land ownership). B 500 Risk Management 501 General The purpose of risk management is to ensure that opportunities and risks related to the geological storage of CO 2 at a given site are effectively managed in an accurate, balanced, transparent and traceable way. The recommended risk management process is modified from ISO to take account of specific considerations for CO 2 geological storage and is illustrated in Figure 2. Iterate & calibrate Establish context Assess risks: Identify Analyze Evaluate Monitor, review and document Plan and assess risk treatment Figure 2 Recommended risk management process for CO 2 geological storage. 502 Risk management context The operator shall establish the context of their risk management process by: defining the project objectives defining the responsibilities for and within the risk management process defining the scope of the risk management process identifying and specifying the decisions that have to be made defining the consequence categories to be used defining the risk evaluation criteria to be used.

10 Sec.2 Principles for Selection, Qualification and Management of Geological Storage Sites for CO 2 Page Risk assessment The operator shall carry out risk assessment that includes risk identification, risk analysis and risk evaluation. 504 Risk treatment The operator shall develop a risk treatment plan for the relevant risks that were identified and prioritized during risk evaluation. 505 Risk management review and documentation. Reviews of the risk management process shall be executed on a regular basis and documented in a transparent and traceable manner throughout the life cycle of a storage site. The responsibilities for monitoring and review shall be clearly defined. B 600 Well Qualification 601 General Well qualification is the process of providing the evidence that a given well will function within specific limits with an acceptable level of confidence when exposed to the effects of CO 2 storage. The operator shall apply this process to existing wells to be exposed to the effects of CO 2 storage and may apply it to the design of new wells. The result of well qualification is a Well Qualification Report that shall document the fitness for purpose of a given well and define margins against specified failure modes or performance targets. 602 Activities and deliverables: Set requirements in qualification basis Perform risk assessment for well qualification Plan well qualification & select qualification activities Evaluate likelihood of success Evaluate need for modifications Update qualification basis Initial Well Qualification Report Execute well qualification activities Performance Assessment Final Well Qualification Report.

11 Sec.3 Service Overview Page 11 SECTION 3 SERVICE OVERVIEW A 100 Objectives 101 The objectives of this section are to: A. General describe DNV s services within the selection, qualification and management of geological storage sites for CO 2 give guidance on the scope of work within each stage of the qualification process. A 200 Introduction to DNV Services 201 The services that DNV can offer may be divided into three categories: Qualification Management Certification Verification. A 300 Combined roles in the selection and qualification process 301 In general DNV can provide services where any of the roles defined here are combined, except the combination of certifier or verifier and a provider of design services. 302 In practice this means that the Certification service may be combined with the Qualification Management service and advisory services of a diagnostic nature. In view of the wide variability between CCS projects and their inherent complexity, DNV favours combining Certification and Qualification Management services in order to facilitate Certification. B. Qualification Management B 100 General 101 DNV assists the client in managing the storage site qualification process in order to comply with requirements in DNV RP-J203 for some or all of the storage site life cycle stages shown in Figure DNV facilitates the client s risk assessment process that is integral to storage site qualification. 103 DNV RP-J203 requires several activities and deliverables to be carried out for the different project stages. DNV s role in assisting the client in their project management will be to ensure that these activities and deliverables are planned and carried out in a sufficient manner in order to be certified according to DNV RP-J203. C. Certification C 100 General 101 Certification represents a specific form of verification where the scope of work is dictated by DNV RP- J203 and the certification documents that are offered by DNV are restricted to the following four documents as defined in this DSS: Statement of Feasibility at milestone M2 Statement of Endorsement at milestone M3 Certificate of Conformity (Storage) initially at milestone M4 with possible renewal between M6 and M7 Certificate of Conformity (Closure) at milestone M7. The milestone numbering refers to in Figure 1 and examples of these certification documents are shown in Appendix A. 102 The certification service may be carried out as a separate service or integrated with the Qualification Management service. C 200 Statement of Feasibility 201 See Appendix A for an example Statement of Feasibility. 202 DNV may issue a Statement of Feasibility for a storage site or portfolio of storage sites after verifying that such storage sites have been evaluated by an operator in accordance with DNV RP-J203, Section 4.2, Screening, and fulfils the requirements given in the Screening Basis.

12 Sec.3 Service Overview Page The operator s Screening Report forms the documented basis for verification. 204 By issuing a Statement of Feasibility DNV considers the storage site(s) conceptually feasible and thereby suited for further development and qualification according to DNV RP-J Verification of the Screening process shall include an independent review by DNV of the Screening Report. 206 The scope of the verification process may be reduced in the case that DNV has prior knowledge and understanding of the screening process, for example from assisting the client with managing the process to comply with DNV RP-J203 Qualification Management service. C 300 Statement of Endorsement 301 See Appendix A for an example Statement of Endorsement. 302 DNV may issue a Statement of Endorsement for a storage site after verifying that the Appraisal work has been conducted in accordance with DNV RP-J203, Section 4.3, Appraisal, and fulfils the requirements given in the Appraisal Basis. 303 The operator s Appraisal Report forms the documented basis for verification. 304 By issuing a Statement of Endorsement DNV considers that the storage site and Well Engineering Concept have the required characteristics for injecting the specified mass of CO 2 (tonnes) over the specified duration of the project (years) and storing it on a long-term basis. The mass of CO 2 and duration of injection shall be specified in the Appraisal Basis. 305 Verification of the Appraisal process shall include an independent review by DNV of the Appraisal Report. 306 The scope of the verification process may be reduced in the case that DNV has prior knowledge and understanding of the appraisal process, for example from assisting the client with managing the process to comply with DNV RP-J203 Qualification Management service. C 400 Certificate of Fitness for Storage 401 See Appendix A for an example Certificate of Fitness for Storage. 402 DNV may issue a Certificate of Fitness for Storage in order to confirm that the Storage Development Plan for a specified storage site is in accordance with DNV RP-J203 and that DNV considers the storage site as fit for service subject to the constraints of the Plan. 403 The operator s Storage Development Plan shall form the documented basis for verification. 404 Verification of the Appraisal process shall include an independent review by DNV of the Storage Development Plan. 405 The scope of the verification process may be reduced in the case that DNV has prior knowledge and understanding of the qualification and permitting process, for example from assisting the client with managing the process to comply with DNV RP-J203 Qualification Management service. 406 A Certificate of Fitness for Storage may also be required prior to: application for renewal of a storage permit during storage site operations transfer of usage of a storage site registration in a regulated scheme that requires reporting of mass of CO 2 emissions avoided. The certification task in these instances may have a smaller scope if it is the case that only some components of the Storage Development Plan have been modified. C 500 Certificate of Fitness for Closure 501 See Appendix A for an example Certificate of Fitness for Closure. 502 DNV may issue a Certificate of Fitness for Closure in order to confirm that the Closure Qualification Statement for a specified storage site is in accordance with DNV RP-J203 and that DNV considers the storage site as fit for closure subject to the constraints of the Statement. 503 The operator s Closure Qualification Statement shall form the documented basis for verification. 504 Verification of the closure process shall include an independent review by DNV of the Closure Qualification Statement. 505 The scope of the verification process may be reduced in the case that DNV has prior knowledge and understanding of the closure process, for example from assisting the client with managing the process to comply with DNV RP-J203.

13 Sec.3 Service Overview Page 13 D. Verification D 100 General 101 The verification service differs from the certification service in terms of the scope of verification. Whereas the certification service includes certification against a scope dictated by the document DNV RP- J203, the verification service allows for verification against a scope determined by the client. 102 The scope of the verification could be parts of DNV RP-J203, other standards or internal procedures provided by the client.

14 App.A Examples of CO 2 Storage Certification Documents Page 14 APPENDIX A EXAMPLES OF CO 2 STORAGE CERTIFICATION DOCUMENTS A. General A 100 Introduction 101 This Appendix contains examples of the following four certification documents that are offered by DNV with respect to the qualification of geological storage sites for CO 2 : Statement of Feasibility Statement of Endorsement Certificate of Conformity (Storage) Certificate of Conformity (Closure).

15 ... Amended July 2013 see note on front cover DNV Service Specification DNV-DSS-402, June 2012 App.A Examples of CO 2 Storage Certification Documents Page 15 Statement No: Storage Site Operator: Candidate Storage Site(s): Location: Description: Conditions: This is to certify that: Certification Involvement: Validity: DET NORSKE VERITAS STATEMENT OF FEASIBILITY <Surface area(s) / lease area(s)> <Boundaries of storage complex and intended annual and total mass of CO2 to be injected> <Conditions for issuance of Statement of Feasibility> The candidate CO 2 storage site(s) has/have been evaluated in accordance with DNV RP-J203 Geological Storage of CO 2 /1/ Section 4.2 and the requirements given in the Screening Basis as reported in Screening Report <Report Number> /3/. Det Norske Veritas AS (DNV) considers that the Screening Report <Report Number> /3/ demonstrates that long-term storage of <X> megatonnes to be injected over a period of <Y> years in the candidate storage site(s), as stated in the Screening Basis /3/, is conceptually feasible as defined in /2/ and thereby suited for further development and qualification according to DNV RP-J203 /1/. DNV has taken part in and verified that the screening level evaluation of the main challenges of the candidate storage site(s), as reported in /3/, is in accordance with DNV Service Specification DNV-DSS-402, Qualification Management for Geological Storage of CO 2 /2/. This statement is valid from the date of issue. Reference documents: /1/ DNV RP-J203 Geological Storage of CO 2, April /2/ DNV-DSS-402, Qualification Management for Geological Storage of CO 2, June /3/ Screening Report <Report Number> Rev. <Rev. No.> <Report Title>, <Date>, <Year>. DNV shall not be responsible for not having identified risks or hazards that result in loss or damage or for not having prescribed the qualification activities necessary to avoid the loss or damage. Issued at (place) on (yyyy-mm-dd) for Det Norske Veritas AS Head of Department Project Manager Verifier Except for any liability caused by DNV's gross negligence or wilful misconduct, DNV's maximum cumulative liability arising out of or related to the use or reliance of this document shall be limited to USD , Veritasveien 1, NO-1322 Høvik, Norway, Tel.: , Org.No. NO MVA. Form No.: CS 01a Issue: July 2012 Page 1 of 1

16 ... Amended July 2013 see note on front cover DNV Service Specification DNV-DSS-402, June 2012 App.A Examples of CO 2 Storage Certification Documents Page 16 Statement No: Storage Site Operator: Storage site: Location: Description: Conditions: This is to certify that: Certification Involvement: Validity: DET NORSKE VERITAS STATEMENT OF ENDORSEMENT <Surface area(s) / lease area(s)> <Boundaries of storage complex and intended annual and total mass of CO2 to be injected> <Conditions for issuance of Statement of Endorsement> The selected CO 2 storage site has been qualified in accordance with DNV RP-J203 Geological Storage of CO 2 /1/ Section 4.3 as reported in Appraisal Report <Report Number> /3/. Det Norske Veritas AS (DNV) has found that the Appraisal Report <Report Number> /3/ provides confidence that the selected storage site has the required characteristics (as defined in /2/) for the long-term storage of <X> megatonnes to be injected over a period of <Y> years as stated in the Appraisal Basis /3/. DNV has taken part in and verified the appraisal activities, as reported in /3/, is in accordance with DNV Service Specification DNV-DSS-402, Qualification Management for Geological Storage of CO 2 /2/. This statement is valid from the date of issue. Reference documents: /1/ DNV RP-J203 Geological Storage of CO 2, April /2/ DNV-DSS-402, Qualification Management for Geological Storage of CO 2, June /3/ Appraisal Report <Report Number> Rev. <Rev. No.> <Report Title>, <Date>, <Year>. DNV shall not be responsible for not having identified risks or hazards that result in loss or damage or for not having prescribed the qualification activities necessary to avoid the loss or damage. Issued at (place) on (yyyy-mm-dd) for Det Norske Veritas AS Head of Department Project Manager Verifier Except for any liability caused by DNV's gross negligence or wilful misconduct, DNV's maximum cumulative liability arising out of or related to the use or reliance of this document shall be limited to USD , Veritasveien 1, NO-1322 Høvik, Norway, Tel.: , Org.No. NO MVA. Form No.: CS 02a Issue: July 2012 Page 1 of 1

17 ... Amended July 2013 see note on front cover DNV Service Specification DNV-DSS-402, June 2012 App.A Examples of CO 2 Storage Certification Documents Page 17 Statement No: Storage Site Operator: Storage site: Location: Description: Conditions: This is to certify that: Certification Involvement: Validity: DET NORSKE VERITAS CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMITY <Surface area(s) / lease area(s)> <Boundaries of storage complex and intended annual and total mass of CO2 to be injected> <Conditions for issuance of Certificate of Conformity> The Storage Development Plan for the <Name> CO 2 storage site is in accordance with DNV RP-J203 Geological Storage of CO 2 /1/. Det Norske Veritas AS (DNV) considers the <Name> storage site to be fit for CO 2 geological storage subject to the constraints of the Storage Development Plan, as defined in /2/. DNV has taken part in and verified that the Storage Development Plan, as reported in /3/, is in accordance with DNV Service Specification DNV-DSS-402, Qualification Management for Geological Storage of CO 2 /2/. This statement is valid from the date of issue. Reference documents: /1/ DNV RP-J203 Geological Storage of CO 2, April /2/ DNV-DSS-402, Qualification Management for Geological Storage of CO 2, June /3/ Storage Development Plan <Report Number> Rev. <Rev. No.> <Report Title>, <Date>, <Year>. DNV shall not be responsible for not having identified risks or hazards that result in loss or damage or for not having prescribed the qualification activities necessary to avoid the loss or damage. Issued at (place) on (yyyy-mm-dd) for Det Norske Veritas AS Head of Department Project Manager Verifier Except for any liability caused by DNV's gross negligence or wilful misconduct, DNV's maximum cumulative liability arising out of or related to the use or reliance of this document shall be limited to USD , Veritasveien 1, NO-1322 Høvik, Norway, Tel.: , Org.No. NO MVA. Form No.: CS 03a Issue: July 2012 Page 1 of 1

18 ... Amended July 2013 see note on front cover DNV Service Specification DNV-DSS-402, June 2012 App.A Examples of CO 2 Storage Certification Documents Page 18 Statement No: DET NORSKE VERITAS CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMITY Storage Site Operator: Storage site: Location: Description: Conditions: This is to certify that: <Surface area(s) / lease area(s)> <Boundaries of storage complex and intended annual and total mass of CO2 to be injected> <Conditions for issuance of Certificate of Conformity> The Closure Qualification Statement for the <Name> CO 2 storage site is in accordance with DNV RP-J203 Geological Storage of CO 2 /1/. Det Norske Veritas AS (DNV) considers the <Name> storage site to be fit for closure, where closure is defined as: a milestone in the CO 2 geological storage project after cessation of CO 2 injection upon which operation changes from actively managing risks through cycles of modelling, monitoring and risk assessments, to a post-closure stewardship phase focusing on providing continued assurance that risks are maintained at an acceptable level /1/. Certification Involvement: Validity: DNV has taken part in and verified that the Closure Qualification Statement, as reported in /3/, is in accordance with DNV Service Specification DNV-DSS-402, Qualification Management for Geological Storage of CO 2 /2/. This statement is valid from the date of issue. Reference documents: /1/ DNV RP-J203 Geological Storage of CO 2, April /2/ DNV-DSS-402, Qualification Management for Geological Storage of CO 2, June /3/ Closure Qualification Statement <Report Number> Rev. <Rev. No.> <Report Title>, <Date>, <Year>. DNV shall not be responsible for not having identified risks or hazards that result in loss or damage or for not having prescribed the qualification activities necessary to avoid the loss or damage. Issued at (place) on (yyyy-mm-dd) for Det Norske Veritas AS Head of Department Project Manager Verifier Except for any liability caused by DNV's gross negligence or wilful misconduct, DNV's maximum cumulative liability arising out of or related to the use or reliance of this document shall be limited to USD , Veritasveien 1, NO-1322 Høvik, Norway, Tel.: , Org.No. NO MVA. Form No.: CS 04a Issue: July 2012 Page 1 of 1