Blockchain dal commercio globale alle PMI

Transcription

1 Blockchain dal commercio globale alle PMI Carlo Ferrarini IBM Blockchain 1

2 On January 16, IBM and Maersk announced plans to form a join venture to improve global trade and digitize supply chains Based on blockchain, the new technology will empower faster, more efficient and secure global trade. At the center of the new company will be a jointly developed software platform, built on open standards and delivered from the IBM cloud, to enable companies to move goods across international borders with greater transparency and simplicity. The new technology platform will benefit all participants including manufacturers, shipping lines, freight forwarders, port and terminal operators, shippers and customs authorities. By creating this new company, Maersk and IBM are providing a neutral vehicle for the industry to standardize communications, streamline compliance, and reduce inefficiencies. 2

3 The cost of global trade is estimated at $1.8 trillion annually 1 with potential savings from more efficient processes of ~10% The cost and size of the world s trading ecosystems continues to grow in complexity More than $4 trillion in goods are shipped each year 80% of the goods consumers use daily are carried by the ocean shipping industry By reducing barriers within the international supply chain, global trade could increase by nearly 15%, boosting economies and creating jobs 2 The cost of the required trade documentation is estimated to reach one-fifth of the value of goods being shipped 1) Maersk Strategy Group (May 19, 2016) based on World Bank data for World Trade Costs 2) The World Economic Forum: Enabling Trade Valuing Growth Opportunities

4 The case for a better way TODAY TOMORROW Authority Consignee Global Trade Digitization Exporter Authority Authority Forwarder Exporter Trucker Rail Forwarder Consignee Terminal Authority Authority Carrier Terminal Authority Authority Carrier Inconsistent information across organizational boundaries and blind spots throughout the supply chain hinder the efficient flow of goods Complex, cumbersome, and costly peer-to-peer messaging Manual, time-consuming, paper-based processes Risk assessments often lack sufficient information; clearance processes subject to fraud The administrative cost of handling a container shipment is comparable to the cost of the actual physical transport Instant, secure access to end-to-end supply chain information; single source of the truth Assurance of the authenticity and immutability of digital documents Trusted cross-organizational workflows Better risk assessments and fewer unnecessary interventions Far lower administrative expenses and elimination of costs to move physical paper across international borders 4

5 Reducing global trade barriers and increasing efficiency across international supply chains Bringing to market a trade platform for containerized shipping connecting the entire supply chain ecosystem Ocean Carriers Inland Transportation Shippers / Supply Chain Actors 1 Shipping Information Pipeline (SIP) Will provide end-to-end supply chain visibility that enables all actors involved in a global shipping transaction to securely and seamlessly exchange shipment events in real time Paperless Trade 2 Logistic actors internal systems Will digitize and automate paperwork filings for the import and export of goods by enabling end users to securely submit, stamp and approve documents across national and organizational boundaries Customs Systems Ports and Terminals Freight Forwarders The platform will be built on an open technology stack and is underpinned by blockchain technology Port Community Systems; Terminal Operating Systems Authorities Supply Chain Visibility Systems Trade Associations Supply Chain / Transportation Management Systems 5

6 The entire supply chain ecosystem will share a single trusted view of shipping events and can participate in paperless trade Export Import Exporter / Consignor 3PL Service Provider Inland Transportation Port / Terminal Authorities Port / Terminal Authorities 3PL Service Providers Inland Transportation Importer / Consignee Not exhaustive list of Events tracked by GTD Shipping Information Pipeline Start container tracking Empty container picked up from depot ETA empty container at stuffing site ATA Empty container at stuffing site Container stuffing completed at inland location VGM submitted Container sealed ATD Packed container from stuffing site Estimated gate in for packed container at terminal export Gate in full at terminal export ETD packed container from export terminal Packed container loaded Export documentation cleared Container ready to load ATD packed container from export terminal ETA packed container at import terminal Temperature update Estimated discharge time for packed container at import terminal Import documentation cleared Container selected for inspection ATA packed container at import terminal Packed container discharged at import terminal Estimated gate out of packed container from terminal import Gate out packed container from terminal import ETA packed container at stripping location ATA packed container at stripping location Seal removed Packed container stripped at inland location Empty container ready for pick-up Empty container picked up from stripping location ATA empty container at depot Container tracking ended Note: representative only; not all documents require Paperless Trade nor is this an exhaustive set of documents that could be processed by Paperless Trade Paperless Trade Blockchain Network Packing List Bill of Lading Export documentation Advance declration Pre-paid invoice Certificate of Origin Shipping instructions ISF Geography specific certificate Dangerous Goods Declaration Cargo specific certificate Customs Clearance Commercial Invoice Import documentation Future Offerings 6

7 Industry platform that connects and provides benefits to the supply chain ecosystem Global network of interconnected shipping corridors linking the ports and terminals, customs authorities, shipping lines, 3PLs, inland transportation, shippers, and other actors Ports and Terminals Ocean Carriers Customs Authorities Provide information about the disposition of shipments within the boundaries of the port / terminal Benefit from pre-built connections to shipping lines and other actors, end-to-end visibility across shipping corridors, and real-time access to more information to enrich port collaboration and improve terminal planning Provide information about the disposition of shipments across the ocean leg Benefit from pre-built connections to customers and ports / terminals around the world and real-time access to end-to-end supply chain events Provide information about the export and import clearance status for shipments into and out of the country Benefit from more informed risk assessments, better information sharing, less manual paperwork, and easier connections to national single window platforms Freight Forwarders / 3PL Inland Transportation Shippers Provide the transportation plan, inland transportation events, information on intermodal handoffs, and document filings Benefit from pre-built connections to the ecosystem, improved tools for customs clearance brokerage function, and real-time access to the end to-end supply chain data to improve effectiveness of track-and-trace tools Provide information on the disposition of shipments carried on trucks, rail, barges, etc. Benefit from improved planning and utilization of assets (e.g., less queuing) given real-time access to end-to-end supply chain events for shipments Engage with the solution as a consumer of the shipping information events and paperless trade capabilities Benefit from a streamlined and improved supply chain allowing for greater predictability, early notification of issues, full transparency to validate fees and surcharges, and less safety stock inventory 7

8 Blockchain addresses the underlying challenges inherent in collaborating across a distributed, fragmented supply chain ecosystem Hyperledger Fabric: the use of a shared replicated, permissioned ledger ensures consensus, provenance, immutability and finality Append-only distributed system of record shared across business network A network of industry participants maintains a distributed, permissioned ledger with copies of document filings, relevant supply chain events, authority approval status, and full audit history; every change results in a new, immutable block. Shared ledger Smart contract Business terms embedded in transaction database & executed with transactions The export and import documentation requirements and authority approvals are preprogrammed and built into Blockchain and distributed to and endorsed by the network Ensuring appropriate visibility; transactions are secure, authenticated & verifiable Transactions are endorsed by relevant participants Cryptography enables permissioned access so only the parties participating in a specific shipment can submit, edit or approve related data Privacy Trust Information such as documentation filings and authority approvals can only be changed if endorsed by the parties taking part in the shipment; full audit history maintained on the Blockchain 8

9 About the Joint Venture IBM and Maersk are forming this joint venture to ensure that a neutral, independent company can take this technology to market to benefit the entire industry The new company will be headquartered in the New York metropolitan area and will be led by Mike White, formerly President of Maersk Line North America Regulatory approvals are expected by late spring 2018 with commercial offerings available several months thereafter In the coming months, IBM and Maersk will continue to develop and test the platform and run a Beta program The new company will establish an industry advisory board to help shape the platform, provide guidance and feedback on important industry factors, and drive open standards 9

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11 Together we can move the industry forward Blockchain changes the game Never before could disparate entities securely and confidently process paperwork filings digitally Designed from the ground up as an industry platform The end-to-end supply chain will be involved; the platform is designed to be open to all industry players The ecosystem will shape the solution We are committed to continuously improve based on ongoing, regular input and feedback We are moving fast We know that speed and scale are critical and building the network is the key to success Strong support from IBM and Maersk With the support of IBM and Maersk, the JV have the global reach, executive support, and ability to execute in markets around the world 11

12 What? Digital Trade Chain (DTC), is a blockchain-based international trading system for a consortium of major world banks including: Deutsche Bank, HSBC, KBC, Natixis, Rabobank, Société Générale, Santander, UniCredit and Nordea Enables accurate trading posture information, order to settlement control, risk coverage, track and trace options Benefits Near-real time exchange of information on a secure platform that digitizes transactional financing and other complex processes Continual business and compliance readiness in any regulatory environment Scalability that allows for rapid international expansion as business, regulatory, and security opportunities converge 12

13 Making blockchain real for business with over 400 engagements and multiple active networks Trade Finance Pre and Post Trade Complex Risk Coverage Identity/ Know your customer (KYC) Unlisted Securities/ Private Equity Funds Loyalty Program Medicated Health Data Exchange Fraud/ Compliance Registry Distributed Energy/ Carbon Credit Supply Chain Food Safety Provenance/ Traceability

14 IBM Blockchain brings together the world s most advanced expertise, technology and ecosystem to transform industries Experts Collaborate with comprehensive services teams from ideation all the way to production Solutions Solve critical industry challenges by building and joining new business networks As a founding and premier member of Hyperledger, we re committed to open source, standards and governance Platform Develop, govern and operate enterprise blockchain networks with speed and security 14

15 MORE INFORMATION Maersk and IBM collaboration press release Digitizing global trade blog and contact form Digitizing global trade blog and contact form Cross-Border Supply Chain on Blockchain Demo Can the cloud lift global trade? Blockchain application in supply chain news articles

16 Exporters Freight Forwarders Ports and Terminals Ocean Carriers Authorities Inland Transportation Importers Logistic actors internal systems Port Community Systems; Terminal Operating Systems Customs Systems Supply Chain Visibility Systems Supply Chain / Transportation Management Systems OPEN PLATFORM 16