Traceability System Using RFID in Fishery Logistics

Transcription

1 Traceability System Using RFID in Fishery Logistics IFSPA 2013 June3-5 Yasuhiro Nagata, Daisuke Watanabe Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology

2 RFID is being introduced into logistics field. Purpose : Supply chain management, Asset management, Traffic movement control Effects : Automation, Security, Visibility, Control Baggage-handling in Hong Kong airport UHF (902 MHz to 928 MHz) RFID tags introduced in Investment cost : 50 million HK$ Effects:Accuracy of detection improved from about 80 % to 97% Food traceability Workers need to construct systems to visualize food logistics. For constructing food traceability, RFID demonstrations have been performed. 1/25

3 Outline Overview of Modern Fishery Logistics Boxes / Containers in Fishery Logistics Location Detection Using AIDC Verification Experiments Using Active RFID under Fishery Logistics Environment Conclusions 2/25

4 Overview of Modern Fishery Logistics 3/25

5 Modern Fishery logistics Expansion of the logistics area A lot of fish are distributed all over the world. Diversity of fishery products Wherever we can buy fishery products (e.g., fish mongers, supermarkets and restaurants) Thanks to Cold Chain 4/25

6 Cold Chain Cold chain is the transportation system that keep perishable foods low-temperature. Thanks to cold chain, fishes are distributed in diverse conditions (live, fresh, frozen, processed). Refrigerated Trucks Refrigerated Warehouses Icing 5/25

7 Needs of Traceability System Because of cold chain, distribution channel of fishery logistics became complicated and food tracing also became difficult. The workers in the field of food logistics work on constructing traceability system. For the construction of traceability, it requires systems that can gather environmental data such as temperature and location data. 6/25

8 Temperature Management at Facility Having No Roof The most important factor is temperature, so temperature management during logistics affects quality of fishery products. But some ports or wholesale markets don t have a roof and temperature variations may arise at the same facility. Rate of low-temperature area in wholesale market of Tokyo Place Category Area of Market Low-temperature Area Rate of Lowtemperature Area Tsukiji fruit and vegetable 13,147m 2 9,026m 2 69% fish 25,003m 2 8,886m 2 36% fruit and vegetable 35,703m 2 11,276m 2 32% Ota fish 2,536m 2 921m 2 36% flower 6,568m 2 0m 2 0% Toshima fruit and vegetable 7,297m 2 925m 2 13% Yodobashi fruit and vegetable 11,762m 2 2,099m 2 18% Adachi flower 3,153m 2 905m 2 29% itabashi Setagaya Kitaadachi fruit and vegetable fruit and vegetable fruit and vegetable 7,513m 2 3,913m 2 14,906m 2 1,268m 2 2,686m 2 1,916m 2 17% 69% 13% flower flower flower 3,031m 2 5,819m 2 2,272m 2 696m 2 4,918m 2 0m 2 23% 85% 0% TamaNT fruit and vegetable 2,347m 2 0m 2 0% Kasai fruit and vegetable 8,994m 2 4,563m 2 51% flower 2,457m 2 0m 2 0% Total 156,421m 2 50,085m 2 32% 7/25

9 Gathering Location Data from Cargoes Only sensor data can t detect which process have problems, so it needs location data. Gathering location data from cargoes During Transportation Some companies equip their freight vehicles with GPS and gather location data of vehicles. At distribution center AIDC (automatic identification technology) stuck to the product or its wrapping are read. There are no methods gathering location data seamlessly. 8/25

10 Fish Traceability System Using Active RFID Active RFID communicates at regular intervals, so the workers can manage the condition of cargoes in real time. 9/25

11 Boxes / Containers in Fishery Logistics 10/25

12 Boxes / Containers in Fishery Logistics RFID is generally attached to boxes / containers. Boxes / containers used in fishery logistics are different for the condition of fish. Water tanks Wooden boxes Plastic containers Styrofoam boxes Metallic containers 11/25

13 Use of Returnable Container and RFID in Fishery Logistics Pack & Sea (Denmark) - Pack & Sea handle the administration of more than 200,000 fish crates with passive RFID. - At present, it is used for crate management. - It can be used for fish traceability by writing information regarding the fishery products on RF tag at each logistics activity. References : Pack and Sea HP 12/25

14 Location Detection Using AIDC 13/25

15 Characteristics of RFID AIDC (Automatic identification and data capture) is the technology of automatically identifying objects without human involvement. RFID (Radio frequency identification) is relatively a new AIDC and used in the distribution industry. barcode 2D barcode RFID passive type active type communication distance a few centimeters ~ ten centimeters tens of centimeters scanning when datacarrier is dirty difficult difficult reading and writing of information impossible impossible duplication easy easy mass reading of multiple items impossible impossible a few centimeters ~ a few meters recordable amount of information tens of bytes a few kilobytes tens of kilobytes possible possible very difficult possible a few centimeters ~ tens of meters tens of kilobytes ~ a few megabytes 14/25

16 Classification of Indoor Location Detection Using AIDC RFID is used for identification purposes, moreover used for location detection at indoor. Classification of location detection Location Estimation Presence Ditection Passage Detection Image Data carrir active RFID active RFID, passive RFID Purpose Facilities Application examples To detect a detailed location of person or item More than three RFID readers are needed. Indoor pedestrian flow analysis To detect whether person or item exists in the area which data carrier can send signal It is necessary to place RFID readers, considering communication distance. Asset management Intrusion detection passsive RFID, barcode, 2D barcode To detect the passage of the person It is necessary to place the readers in the gateway. Automatic ticket gate Shoplifting prevention system 15/25

17 Verification Experiments Using Active RFID under Fishery Logistics Environment 16/25

18 Objectives To evaluate the effect of water on active RFID communication. Experiment 1 Measurement of transmission distance Experiment 2 Measurement of RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) value. RSSI value is used for location estimation. Multipath and a noise influence measurement accuracy. 17/25

19 Experiment Equipment Reader / Writer Specification of RFID Operating frequency 312MHZ Modulation method OOK modulation Signal transmission period 9 sec receivable SSI -112dBm~-55dBm Tags send a signal by radio wave at regular intervals PC displays information about signals the reader received. Output data RF tag Computer Tag ID RSSI value Arrival time of signals Attach tags to plastic containers Packing of water Setting of the reader 18/25

20 Performance Evaluation Experiment Purpose / Methods Measuring the communication range and RSSI values of RFID system. Putting 10 RF tags on the floor at equal intervals (0.5m, 1.0m, 1.5m). Result RFID communicated stably until 13.5 m. It is confirmed that multipath fading occurred. 19/25

21 Measurement of Transmission Distances Methods To lengthen distance between a reader and a RF tag every 1m until it can no longer be read. To compare the reading rate of the empty box with that of the case including water. Result The communication was stable until 7 m, but the reading rate dropped considerably at around 8m 9m. 20/25

22 Objective of Measuring RSSI Value In a market and a port, fishery products are displayed in array. The objective of 2 nd experiment is to estimate location of arranged boxes by measuring RSSI value. 21/25

23 Measurement of RSSI Value Methods To arrange 10 plastic containers with a RF tag in a straight line, readers on the each end. To compare RSSI value of the empty box with that of the case including water. Result RSSI value tends to become weaker as the distance between a tag and a reader increases. 22/25

24 Conclusions 23/25

25 Conclusions In this research, we conducted experiments to look at the effect of water on active RFID communication. The experiments showed that water does not have much effects on communication of active RFID which themselves emit radio waves unlike passive RFID. The 2 nd experiment (Measurement RSSI value) showed it was difficult for location estimation. 24/25

26 End of Presentation & Thank you for listening