Figure 6.10 Monthly crude arrival

Transcription

1 List of Figures Figure 1.1 Supply Chain Integration 2 Figure 1.2 Three important flows in a supply chain 11 Figure 3.1 World Crude oil Supply 41 Figure 3.2 Comparison of capacity & throughput 47 Figure 3.3 Capacity utilization (percentage) 47 Figure 3.4 Comparison of crude and product export 48 Figure 3.5 World Consumption of refined products 48 Rgure 3.6 Consumption of refined products comparison 50 Figure 3.7 Number of refineries in the world 54 Figure 3.8 World map on refineries 54 Figure 3.9 Demand Supply Balance 61 Figure 3.10 Indian petroleum map 68 Figure 3.11 Internal Logistics costs in Refinery 69 Figure 3.12 Logistics Costs Vs capacity 69 Figure 3.13 Model for Location Selection 72 Figure 3.14 Relationship diagram 80 Figure 3.15 Components of logistic flexibility for a refinery 81 Figure 4.1 Production system (simplified) 101 Figure 4.2 Daily planning strategy 109 Rgure 4.3 Hierarchical model for planning 112 Rgure 4.4 Flow chart of planning procedure 128 Figure 4.5 Number of Crude oil tankers arrival 129 Figure 4.6 Demurrages paid in an year 129 Figure 4.8 Flow chart showing logic used in ship scheduling optimization model 132 Figure 4.9 Transporting cost 134 Figure 4.10 Storage tank allocation decision 136 Figure 4.12 Blending decision making model 139 Figure 5.1 Supply chain components 145 Figure 5.2 Effect of saving in logistic on profit compared to output improvement 146 Figure 5.3 The value chain 146 Figure 5.4 Gaining Competitive advantage through supply chain 148 Figure 5.5 Information flow within a refinery 151 Figure 5.7 Information flow for planning 155 Figure 5.8 Control system 155 Figure 5.9 Ledger reporting system 156 Figure 5.10 Three way bill matching procedure 158 Figure 5.11 Two-way bill matching

2 Figure 5.12 Priority of Applications Figure 5.13 IT Functionality of a refinery Figure 5.14 Factors influencing design of logistics information system Figure 5.15 Aggregate Planning Figure 5.16 Ship scheduling procedure Figure 5.17 Ship selection procedure Figure 5.18 Planning and Operation Models Figure 5.19 Information flow model for a refinery Figure 5.10 High level information model Figure 6.1 Product portfolio of the marketing companies Figure 6.2 Comparison of quantities of different products sold the OMC Figure 6.3 Supply chain of Kochi Refinery limited Figure 6.4 Monthly crude arrivals Figure 6.5 Number of tankers received Figure 6.6 lime for berthing to commence discharge Figure 6.7 Average Crude Parcel Figure 6.8 Change in cost with number of ships Figure 6.9 Demurrage paid by KRL Figure 6.10 Monthly crude arrival Figure 6.11 Crude consumption Figure 6.12 Crude stock in each month Figure 6.13 Supply consumption gap Figure 6.14 MS Production and sales Figure 6.15 Monthly SKO production and sales Figure 6.16 Monthly production and Sales Figure 6.17 Naphtha production and sales Figure 6.18 ATF Production and sales Figure 6.19 JP-5 Production and sales Figure 6.20 LDO production and sales Figure 6.21 LSHS Production and sales Figure 6.22 Fa Production and Sales Figure 6.23 BITUMEN production and sales Rgure 6.24 Tanker transfer of each product Figure 6.25 Despatch of products using wagons Figure 6.26 Despatch of products by road." Figure 6.27 Truck Arrivals Figure 6.28 Truck Departure Figure 6.29 Inter-arrival time Figure 6.30 Inter-departure time IV

3 Figure 6.31 Time Vs Inter-arrival time Figure 6.32 Time Vs Inter-departure time Figure 6.33 Truck loading time Figure 6.34 Truck loading time Figure 6.35 Hourlytruck loading time Figure 6.36 Transfer of product through pipeline Figure 6.37 Total pipeline transfer Figure 6.38 Quantity transferred through each mode List of Tables Table 1.1 A Classification of Logistics Related Managerial Decision Problems 4 Table 3.1 World proven crude oil reserves by region, (m. b.) 40 Table 3.2 World output of refined products by region, (1000b/d) 41 Table 3.3 World exports of refined products by region, (1000b/d) 47 Table 3.4 World Crude oil exports by region, (1000b/d) 48 Table 3.5 OPEC Members crude oil exports by destination, (1000b/d) 49 Table 3.6 Largest International traders in Crude and Petroleum products 49 Table 3.7 World Consumption of refined products by region, (1000b/d) 50 Table 3.8 World refinery capacity by region, (1000 b/d) 53 Table 3.9 Global refineries 54 Table 3.10 Refining capacity in Asia Pacific (OOObb/d) 55 Table 3.11 Self Reliance of Petroleum Products 60 Table 3.12 Refineries in India 64 Table 3.13 Refining capacity utilization in India 65 Table 3.14 Private Refineries in India 67 Table 3.15 Cost comparison using Spreadsheet 73 Table 3.16 Guidelines for factor selection 75 Table 3.17 Selected factors 75 Table 3.18 Relative Scoring Procedure 76 Table 3.19 Preference Matrixes 78 Table 3.20 Weighted Score 79 Table 3.21 Oil and condensate in billion barrel 82 Table 3.22 Classification of ships 83 Table 3.23 Crude oil properties at different locations 84 Table 3.24 Flexibility areas and their impacts 89 Table 3.25 Refinery up gradation options 93 Table 3.26 Optimum processes configuration in India. 95 v

4 Table 4.1 Matrix of logistics problems 104 Table 4.2 Modes of product movement 108 Table 4.3 Annual planning 115 Table 4.4 Rolling planning 116 Table 4.5 Daily planning 117 Table 4.6 Consumption of products 120 Table 4.7 Comparison of forecasts using different tools 120 Table 4.8 Description of events in event graph of the simulation model 131 Table 4.9 Relationship between ship hire cost per ton 133 Table 4.10 Calculation cost in truck transport 140 Table 4.11 DSS for transport model selection 140 Table 5.1 Data generated at each department along with their main process. 181 Table 6.1 Project implementation in KRL 191 Table 6.2 Refining Margins 192 Table 6.3 Details of Berths available at Kochi fort for oil handling 206 Table 6.4 Analysis showing the crude handling bottleneck at Kochi port 206 Table 6.5 Ships and their details 215 Table 6.6 Performance of tankers that brought KRL crude in Table 6.7 Number of ships per month 220 Table 6.8 Gross tankage requirement for controlled products in Million Tons 230 Table 6.9 Gross tankage requirement for de-controlled products 230 VI

5 Abbreviations used in this thesis APM Administered Price Mechanism ATF Aviation Turbine Fuel BH Bombay high BPC Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd., BRPL Bongaigaon Refineries and Petrochemicals Ltd., CAGR Compounded Average Growth Rate COT Cochin Oil Terminal CPCL Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited CRL Cochin Refineries Ltd., DMT Dimethyl Terephthalate DRP Distribution resource planning DRP Distribution Resources Planning DSS Decision Support System EDI Electronic data Interchange ETA Energy Information Administration ERP Enterprise Resource Planning ETG Expert Technical Group GAlL Gas Authority of India Ltd., GDP Gross Domestic product GIS Geographical information Systems Gal Government of India HPC Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd., IBP Indo Burmah Petroleum Company IOC Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., IOC Indian Oil Corporation Limited JIT Just - in - time KRL Kochi Refineries Limited LNG Liquefied Natural Gas LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas vii

6 LS MIS MMT MMTPA MoP&NG MRL MRP MRP-II MRPL NRL OCC OEB OECD OIL ONGC OPA OPEC SPM TPS VLCC wro Lowsulfur Management Information System Million Metric Tons Million tons per annum Ministry of Oil Petroleum and Natural Gas Madras Refineries Ltd., Elaborate material requirement planning Manufacturing resources planning Mangalore Refineries and Petrochemicals Ltd. Numaligarh Refineries Limited Oil Coordination Committee Oil economic budget Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Oil India Ltd., Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. Oil pool account Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries Single point mooring Transaction Processing System Very Large Crude Carrier World Trade Organization VIII