Between the end of the Civil War (1865) and World War I (1914), the United States was transformed from an agricultural to an industrial nation

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4 Between the end of the Civil War (1865) and World War I (1914), the United States was transformed from an agricultural to an industrial nation

5 Manufacturing areas were created near places with large populations Chicago Meat Packing Industry Detroit Automobile Industry New England Textile Industry Pittsburgh Steel Industry

6 Manufacturing areas were created near places with large populations

7 Why does the U.S industrialize after the Civil War?

8 Why industrialize. 1. Railroads better transportation 2. New Inventions 3. Increase in labor Immigrants 4. Access to raw materials (copper, lead, and iron ore) 5. Mass production

9 Better Transportation Brought raw materials from the west to the factories in the east. Copper, lead, and iron ore Railroads carried goods (finished products) from factories to people all over the country This creates NATIONAL MARKETS Markets that stretch across the continent Now people can buy things from anywhere around the country

10 Advertising was a way to reach consumers Consumer: a person who buys goods to use Industries started mail order catalogs; people could order goods from home and the railroad would deliver them

11 New inventions created great change and industry in the United States

12 Born on July 30, 1863 in Dearborn, Michigan Worked as an engineer Founded Ford Motor Company

13 Invented the Model T automobile (not the 1 st car) using the assembly line Assembly line: arranging workers in such a way to manufacture a product quickly and cheaply Each worker has one task Impact on Industry: other factories copied Ford s idea of using the assembly line

14 Born in 1847 in Ohio (later moved and worked in New Jersey) Only completed 3 months of school Started General Electric (GE)

15 Invented the light bulb in 1879 Invented electric lighting Impact on Industry: Extended the work day

16 Born in Scotland immigrated to America in 1871 (US citizen in 1882) Worked with deaf children Bell s wife and mother were both deaf President of National Geographic

17 Invented the telephone in 1876 Created Bell Telephone Company a telephone service Impact on Industry: Improved communication

18 Cities were growing FAST! Thousands of immigrants were moving to the US for a better life Immigrants were used as workers (labor) in factories Workers were not always treated fairly

19 Raw Material: a material that comes from nature that is used to manufacture goods. Examples: Copper, lead, iron ore Raw materials were found in the west and transported east using the railroad Iron ore was brought from the west to Pittsburgh to make steel

20 Mass production: making large quantities (amounts) of a product quickly and cheaply Factories would produce goods using the assembly line Assembly line allowed factories to produce goods QUICKLY AND CHEAPLY

21 Rich business leaders money and resources to create large companies, called BIG BUSINESS Monopoly when a company has complete control over an industry, product, or service 3 Examples of Big Business:

22 1. Oil is used as a power source 2. Oil can be mined from the ground

23 Captain of the Oil Industry Standard Oil Formed The Standard Oil Company in 1870 in Ohio Larger than others companies and able to set his prices lower than others He bought other oil refineries and was able to create a giant oil company

24 Steel can be manufactured quicker and cheaper Bessemer Process makes it easy to make steel Heat iron Makes steel cheaper

25 Captain of the Steel Industry First steel factory in Pittsburg Bought companies that performed all steps of steel production (railroad, ships, steel mill, Iron ore deposits, etc.) Smaller companies were at a disadvantage because they were not able to make steel as cheap Known for giving money to charities Philanthropist

26 Improvements in transportation (railroads) helped boost industry Railroads create markets across the country Easy to move natural resources (copper, lead, and iron ore) to factories in the East Easy to transport goods and people

27 Captain of the Railroad and Shipping Industry Owned New York Central Railroad and Hudson River Railroad Connected the east coast to Chicago