Initiating and preparing a transport of radioactive materials. H. Eisenwagner /NSRW

Transcription

1 Initiating and preparing a transport of radioactive materials. H. Eisenwagner /NSRW What s good to know What you should know What you must know 1

2 Why radioactive materials are regulated Depending of the radioactive isotope, external exposure during handling and transport or internal exposure by inhalation or ingestion as a result of dispersion during incident or accident can happen. The transport regulations are a tool to minimize the risks to all concerned occupational as well as the public 2

3 The source of requirements for the safe transport of radioactive material The IAEA in its international function as a source of knowledge and knowledge coordination has generated and issued a set of recommendations as minimum requirements to be met for the safe transport of radioactive materials. The documents issued are: TSR 1,TSG1.1 and SSR-6 3

4 From general to specific requirements As transport is a trans boundary issue in many cases again international organisations where requested for action. This resulted in international treaties for the transport By ocean vessels in SOLAS (IMDG-Code) Transport by air ICAO-Ti Surface transport UN orange book 4

5 From the inter state level to laws binding all participating in the transport of radioactive materials The UN member states have adopted this regulations into their national legislation and the carrier organisations made it as part of their Terms and conditions of transport under civil law. The responsibility becomes therefore personalized depending on the function during transport. Shipper Forwarder Carrier Consignee 5

6 The technical details of transport IATA-DGR Air transport IMDG-Code See transport ADR Surface transport Europe ADN Inland waters Europe All this regulations have a common system of paragraphs to ensure that all participating in the transport will get the necessary information, apply safe procedures and precautions, as well as emergency procedures. Classification (Class 1 to 9) Exclusion from specific carriers Identification in accordance with the regulations (shipping name) Limitation Packaging Marking and Labelling (hazard labels) Documentation Shipping papers, Dangerous goods declaration 6

7 Radioactive Material Class 7 in all Regulations for transport Special terms used : Special form radioactive material Low Specific Activity material (LSAI,II,III) Surface contaminated objects (SCOI,II) Fissile material Exempted Excepted 7

8 Selection of Package Except of LSA and SCO the selection system is centred on Type-A packages. There is the list of isotopes where the limits of activity to be transported with a Type-A package in special form(a1)and all other forms(a2)is given. Activities exceeding this limits require Type B packaging, fractions may be transported as excepted package. This list contains also two columns stating the exemption of activity from the regulations(specific activity or total activity lower than) 8

9 Specification of Packages Excepted Packages: UN ,2910,2911 No special requirements. The package has to be strong enough to withstand normal transport conditions. The package has to be large enough to bear name and address of Shipper and consignee as well as the label for excepted packages. Inside the package there has to be a label with the word RADIOACTIVE inserted that way it is visible when the package is opened. 9

10 Example for excepted package 10

11 Specification of packages Type-A, Type-B, Type-C packages Type-A package The maximum activity to be transported is listed in the list of A1 and A2 limits for most isotopes. The design of the package has to be tested in accordance with the IAEA regulations and each Type-A package has to bear the marking Type-A and the country code of country of origin of design and name or ID number of manufacturer(example GB/2904A/A-09) the issued Certificate by the manufacturer contains the tests performed and the packing instruction including maximum weight 11

12 Example of a Type A package 12

13 Specification of packages Type-A, Type-B, Type-C packages Type B(U) Type-B(M) packages. The maximum activity, the isotopes, the chemical form of isotopes the packing instruction as well as all tests and maintenance are defined in the Certificate issued by the authority of the country of origin. this certificate is limited in time of validity. Each Type-B package has to bear the marking Type- B(U) or Type-B(M) the identification mark allocated by the competent authority, a unique serial number and the trefoil symbol (this has to be water and fire resistant) 13

14 Example of a Type-B(U)package 14

15 Marking and Labelling of Shipments assigned to Class 7 Excepted Package: Shipper, Consignee, Except. Package label and if applicable subsidiary risk label. Type-A package, Type-B package: Shipper, consignee, package specification mark, UN number and proper shipping name, 2 hazard labels class 7 on opposite sides if required by the regulation additional subsidiary hazard labels. For Type B(U) or (M) additional trefoil fire resistant 15

16 Shipping documents To edit the shipping papers the responsible staff for shipping of radioactive material needs the following details: The consignees name and address The isotope, the activity, for mixture of isotopes the specific content of activity of each isotope. The physical and chemical nature solid, liquid; oxide, nitrate as applicable. The intended type of package 16

17 Shipping documents The responsible staff for shipping of radioactive material will return to you if the intended package fits to the requirements of the regulations and will give you additional packing instructions if appropriate. The material than gets packed and the dose-rate at the surface has to be measured. If it exceeds 5µSv/h also the dose-rate in 1Meter distance. This information is needed to complete the transport papers. The staff responsible for the transport will than provide you with the transport papers and all the labels that have to be attached. 17

18 Final check before handing over a shipment to the carrier 18