IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY 2014 IOWA EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES AND PLANT-INCORPORATED PROTECTANTS

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1 IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 0 IOWA EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES AND PLANT-INCORPORATED PROTECTANTS CORN PESTS RESEARCH PROJECT DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY AMES, IOWA 00-0 SUE BLODGETT, CHAIR INSECT INVESTIGATED Corn Rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera and Diabrotica barberi Report Authors February, 0 Aaron Gassmann File number: 97- Patrick Weber

2 0 IOWA EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES AND PLANT INCORPORATED PROTECTANTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Page. Research Personnel.... Introduction and Objective.... Testing Procedures and Evaluations.... Results and Discussion.... Studies Conducted Corn Rootworm Evaluation Tables Ames (Johnson Farm) Comparison among Multiple Products Root Injury/Percent Consistency... 9 Stand Count... 9 Percent Lodging... 0 Yield... 0 Valent Belay 0WDG Efficacy and Yield Root Injury/Percent Consistency... Stand Count... Yield... Dow AgroSciences Smartstax study Root Injury/Percent Consistency... Stand Count... Yield...

3 Table of Contents (Continued) Page Boone (Bruner Farm) Valent Belay 0WDG Efficacy and Yield Root Injury/Percent Consistency... Stand Count... Yield... Nashua Comparison among Multiple Products Root Injury/Percent Consistency... Stand Count... 7 Percent Lodging... 8 Yield... 9 Monsanto Traits and Insecticide Study Root Injury/Percent Consistency... 0 Stand Count... 0 Percent Lodging... Yield... North Central Iowa () Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits Root Injury/Percent Consistency... Stand Count... Percent Lodging... Yield... Syngenta Comparison among Tefluthrin Formulations Root Injury/Percent Consistency... Stand Count... Yield... Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study Root Injury/Percent Consistency... Stand Count... Percent Lodging... Yield...

4 Table of Contents (Continued) Page North Central Iowa () Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits Root Injury/Percent Consistency... 7 Stand Count... 7 Percent Lodging... 8 Yield... 8 North Central Iowa () Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits Root Injury/Percent Consistency... 9 Stand Count... 9 Yield... 0 Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study Root Injury/Percent Consistency... Stand Count... Yield... Monsanto Traits and Insecticide Study Root Injury/Percent Consistency... Stand Count... Yield... North Eastern Iowa Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits Root Injury/Percent Consistency... Stand Count... Percent Lodging... Yield... Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study Root Injury/Percent Consistency... Stand Count... Percent Lodging... Yield...

5 Table of Contents (Continued) Page 7. Appendix I - Agronomic Information Appendix II Weather Data Appendix III - Materials Tested Appendix IV - Research Pictures...

6 0 IOWA EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES AND PLANT INCORPORATED PROTECTANTS CORN PESTS RESEARCH PROJECT DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY AMES, IOWA 00-0 Project Leader: Agricultural Specialist: Postdoctoral Research Associate: Graduate Research Assistants: Research Associate: Technical Assistants: University Research Farm Superintendents: Aaron Gassmann Patrick Weber John Doudna Siva Jakka Ram Shrestha Eric Clifton Mike Dunbar David Ingber Kenneth Masloski Aubrey Paolino Coy St. Clair Sean Bradley Alex Abdallah Anthony Blake Andrew Guiness Cory Hermsen Andrea Raygor Eric Stuart Kent Berns Mike Fiscus Bernard Havlovic Kenneth Pecinovsky Myron Rees Joshua Sievers

7 INTRODUCTION In Iowa, the species of corn rootworm (CRW) include western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virfigera LeConte and northern corn rootworm D. barberi Smith and Lawrence, and these two species are the most damaging pests of corn Zea mays in the Unites States Corn Belt. Eggs are laid in the soil during the fall and hatch the following spring. Larval feeding on corn roots in June may diminish yield by reducing plant growth and drought tolerance and by imposing harvest losses due to plant lodging. Adult emergence from the soil is underway by early July and continues through late summer. Additional crop losses may be caused by adult beetles feeding on the corn silk and on soft doughy kernels. In Iowa, crop rotation, where it fits cropping practices, remains the preferred method of management. However, it is also economically feasible to protect corn roots with soil applied insecticides and plant-incorporated protectants, which are transgenic corn hybrids that produce insecticidal toxins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). In additional to corn rootworm, several aboveground lepidopteran pests feed on corn in Iowa. These include the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis, black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon, fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, and corn earworm Helicoverpa zea. Over the last decade, Bt corn varieties have been made commercially available to protect corn from these pests. OBJECTIVE The goal of this research program is to serve the agricultural community of Iowa by monitoring and evaluating the performance of registered and precommercial insecticides and transgenic corn hybrids. To achieve this goal, we maintain a viable, proactive, progressive and scientifically sound product evaluation program. TESTING PROCEDURES AND EVALUATIONS Field Sites: Research plots were established at seven Iowa locations in 0. Three research locations were on Iowa State University farms: ) Johnson Farm (Ames), ) Bruner Farm (Boone), ) Northeast Research and Demonstration Farm (Nashua). Four research locations were commercial fields in north central Iowa ( locations) and northeast Iowa ( location). At the Johnson Farm, Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, two sections are rotated annually as either research location or late-planted trap crop. The seed planted for the trap crop is a mixed maturity blend with a greater proportion of late-maturing varieties. This trap crop constitutes a favorable environment for adult female CRW late in the season when other fields are maturing. All other research locations had a history of continuous corn production, which is conducive to a high abundance of CRW. Table lists the studies conducted at each location. METHODS Field plot design: Unless stated otherwise, the experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications. Treatments in studies comparing multiple products at the ISU Johnson Farm, Ames Iowa (Tables -) and the Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, Nashua Iowa (Tables -8) were paired rows 7 feet

8 in length. Treatments in the Monsanto Traits and Insecticides studies at the Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, Nashua Iowa (Tables 9-) and North Central Iowa () (Tables -) were paired rows feet in length. All other studies were four row treatments with feet per row. Planting: Seeds were pre-bagged and planted with a four-row John Deere Max Emerge TM 700 integral planter that had 0 inch row spacings. The standard planter fiberglass seed hoppers with attached finger-pickup mechanism were replaced with modified units. On the new units, the metal plate that covered the fingers had been replaced with a 7/8-inch clear Plexiglas plate. Inserted through the Plexiglas was a small stainless steel cylinder. The cylinder was positioned to deliver seed to the pickup fingers. At the beginning of each replication, pre-bagged seeds were dumped into the steel cylinder. At the beginning of each replication, a hydraulic motor (attached to the planter s drive shaft) was activated to deliver seed immediately into the ground. At the end of each replication, this same hydraulic motor was activated to expel any unplanted seed, and the finger pickup mechanism was visually inspected through the clear Plexiglas plate to ensure that no seed was present. Plant-incorporated protectants: Plantincorporated protectants were evaluated in corn hybrids producing insecticidal toxins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), and these are described in Appendix III. Seed treatments: All the DeKalb hybrids were treated with Poncho 00. All the Mycogen hybrids were treated with Cruiser Extreme 0. All the Syngenta hybrids were treated with Cruiser 0 or 0. All the Pioneer hybrids were treated with either Cruiser 0 + Maxim Quattro + Poncho0/Votivo + PPCT/ or Cruiser 0 + Maxim Quattro + PPCT0. These seed treatments target secondary pests, such as wireworm and seed corn maggot but may have some efficacy against CRW at levels higher than 0 mg active ingredient per kernel. Granular soil-applied insecticides: The granular insecticides Aztec.G, Belay 0WDG and Force.0G were applied with modified Noble metering units mounted on the planter. The Noble units were calibrated in the laboratory to accurately deliver material at a tractor speed of mph. The Aztec.G and Belay 0WDG insecticides were applied with in-furrow placement and the Force.0G insecticide was applied with T- band placement. Liquid soil-applied insecticides: The liquid products Capture LFR.FL was applied in-furrow and Force 0CS insecticide was applied T-Band at planting with a compressed-air system built directly into the planter by Almaco manufacturing (Nevada, IA). Capture LFR and Force CS were applied as ounces per 000 row feet using Teejet XR800EVS spray nozzles at psi to deliver GPA of finished spray at a tractor speed of mph. The liquid product Capture LFR.FL was mixed with Starter Fertilizer (0--0 NPK) while Force CS used water as the carrier.

9 SmartBox TM application of soilapplied insecticides: The Aztec-SB.7G, Counter-SB 0G, and SmartChoice-SB G, insecticide treatments were applied with modified SmartBox TM metering units mounted on the planter. The commercial SmartBox TM units were removed from their large-base containers and sandwiched between a flat metal plate on the bottom and a custom-made, threaded plastic cap on the top. The bottom plate had been fabricated so that it could slide in and out of the same planter mounting brackets used for the noble units. An inverted -liter Nalgene bottle attached to the top provided a secure and sealed container for insecticide for the SmartBox TM units. Clear plastic tubes directed the granular insecticides to both the in-furrow and T- band placement. One controller mounted in the tractor cab was used to operate all the SmartBox TM metering units. These units were set-up for proper applications and managed using the AMVAC SmartBox System Manager. All treatments were applied at mph using the fixed speed mode on the SmartBox TM controllers. These SmartBox TM metering units were accurately calibrated before going to the field to deliver ounces of product per 000 row feet. General methodology: For all applications of soil-applied insecticides, -inch poly-bristle skirts were attached to a frame and positioned so the bristle tips touched the ground. Each row was constantly monitored to ensure that insecticides were applied correctly. Final incorporation was accomplished with drag chains mounted behind the closing wheels. Evaluations Stand counts: The number of plants in 7. row-ft was recorded. This was done early and late in the growing season and then averaged. Root injury: After the majority of corn rootworms had finished feeding, roots were dug to assess feeding injury. This took place from July, 0 through August 0, 0. Prior to leaving the field, excess soil was removed from roots and all roots were labeled with study name, plot number and row number using a permanent marker. Roots were transported to the Insectary Building at Iowa State University where they were soaked in water and then washed with a pressurized hose to remove any remaining soil. Roots were evaluated for rootworm feeding injury following the Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-): Node-Injury Scale (0-): No feeding damage (lowest rating that can be given)..0 - One node (circle of roots), or the equivalent of an entire node, pruned to within. inches of the stalk or soil line Two nodes pruned Three or more nodes pruned. (Highest rating that can be given) Damage in between complete nodes pruned is noted as the percentage of the node missing (e.g.,.0 = one and a half nodes pruned and 0. = one quarter of one node pruned).

10 The linear node-injury scale allows injury to be expressed intuitively and has proved useful in evaluating minor injury. For an interactive guide to the Node-injury scale, see the Iowa State University Entomology web site at: Product consistency: Percent product consistency was calculated as the percentage of times a treatment limited feeding injury to 0. node or less (greater injury can result in economic yield loss, especially when plants are moisture stressed). Lodging counts: A plant was considered lodged if it was leaning at least 0 degrees from vertical. These data were taken at harvest time along with final stand count numbers. Yields: Studies that were taken to yield were machine harvested with either a modified John Deere 90 plot combine (Iowa State University research farms only), Kincade (Massey Ferguson) #8xp, or Gleaner plot combine. Weight (pounds) and percent moisture were recorded from either a HarvestMaster brand or Shivvers brand 00 moisture meter on harvest data collection system. These measurements were converted to bushels per acre of No. shelled corn ( lbs. per bushel) at.% moisture in Microsoft Excel. All data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedures using SAS 9.. When a significant treatment effect was present pairwise comparisons made among means with an experimentwise error rate of P < 0.0. CALIBRATION INFORMATION All Noble units were laboratory calibrated and units were spot-checked in the field prior to planting. SmartBox TM units were calibrated on the planter in accordance with instructions in the SmartBox Operator s Manual. During calibration and planting, the flowability of each formulation was noted, as well as any other calibration problems. There were no calibration or delivery problems with any treatment. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Because of below average winter temperatures and wet soils early in the growing season, mortality of rootworm eggs and larvae was greater than normal, and this resulted in low pest pressure at many study locations. Rootworm pressure was very light at Johnson Research Farm and Bruner Research Farm, and few differences existed among treatments. However, a significant reduction in injury was found for SmartStax compared to the untreated check (Tables, 9 and ). Additionally, pest pressure was very low at North Central Iowa () and no meaningful differences were observed among treatments (Tables 8, and ). Rootworm pressure at the Northeast Iowa Research and

11 Demonstration Farm was moderate to heavy, with the untreated checks displaying between. to.9 nodes of root injury in one study (Table ). Past research at this farm has found resistance by western corn rootworm to Bt toxin CryBb, which is the rootworm active Bt toxin in YieldGard VT. Past research has also found crossresistance between CryBb and mcrya, which is the rootworm active Bt toxin in Agrisure 000GT. The presence of resistance to CryBb and mcrya is reflected in the root injury observed in this study. Injury to 000GT was. nodes and did not differ from the untreated checks (Table ). Similarly, injury to VT was significantly greater than all other rootworm treatments (Table ). To date, no resistance to Cry/Ab has been found at the Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm and this Bt toxin is present in Pioneer OAM and Agrisure. In general, similar performance was observed among nonrootworm Bt corn with Aztec, OAM and. In some cases, combining soilapplied insecticide with Bt corn reduced injury, but in other instances, this was not observed. Among rootworm treatments, yields were lowest for YieldGard VT and Agrisure 000GT and these did not differ from the untreated checks (Table 8). These reductions in yield were likely the result of high levels of root injury caused by the presence of resistance to mcrya and CryBb. Similarly, in a second study at the Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, no differences were observed between VT and untreated checks for root injury, with all hybrids displaying greater than 0.7 nodes of injury (Table 9). By contrast, all other rootworm treatments including rootworm Bt corn (e.g., SmartStax and Agrisure ), non-rootworm Bt corn with soil-applied insecticide, and rootworm Bt corn with soil-applied insecticide did not differ significantly, and all displayed less than 0. nodes of root injury. North Central Iowa () and North Central Iowa () were selected as research sites because of high levels of injury to CryBb corn during the previous growing season. Subsequent laboratory bioassays confirmed the presence of CryBb resistance in these fields. North Central Iowa () had modest to heavy pressure, with all untreated checks displaying. or greater nodes of root injury. With the exception of VT, all products reduced injury to below 0.0 nodes (Table ). In general either non-rootworm Bt corn with Aztec or Bt corn containing Cry/Ab (found in both SmarStax and Herculex) provided adequate protection of roots (Table and 0). In another study at this location, we found similar levels of root protection among several soil-applied insecticides on nonrootworm Bt corn, and all products significantly reduced injury compared to the untreated check (Table 7). A similar pattern was observed at North Central Iowa () (Table ), with no difference in root injury observed between VT and the untreated check. However, all other rootworm treatments significantly reduced feeding injury. Both HXX and SmartStax reduced injury below 0. nodes (Table ). Rootworm pressure was modest at the North Eastern Iowa location, with untreated checks ranging from 0.0 to

12 7 0.8 (Table 7). All corn rootworm treatments reduced injury below 0. nodes and all were significantly different from the untreated check, although not from each other (Table 7). nature, arising out of the use of these test results. AGRONOMIC INFORMATION, WEATHER DATA AND MATERIALS TESTED AND PICTURES OF RESEARCH ACTIVITIES Agronomic information and field history are listed in Appendix I. Weather data from the test site or the nearest Iowa climatological station are listed in Appendix II. Information on materials tested is listed in Appendix III. Pictures of various research activities are in Appendix IV. RESEARCH SUPPORT Support for this research was provided by the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station and by the following companies: AMVAC, Dow AgroSciences, DuPont-Pioneer, FMC, Monsanto, Syngenta and Valent. WAIVER OF ENDORSEMENT This report deals with the relative ability of each treatment to protect corn from damage by soil insects. This information is not presented to endorse the use of any product and the name of Iowa State University should not appear in any advertising without prior written consent. Iowa State University, their respective officers, agents, or employees, have not made, and do not hereby make, any representation, warranty or covenant with respect to the use of these test results, nor will they be liable for any damages, losses, or claims, including those of an incidental or consequential

13 8 Table. Iowa evaluation of insecticides and plant-incorporated protectants. Experimental Unit Size Table Entries/ Row # Test Location Type of Studies Numbers Test Length (ft) Reps Ames-Johnson Farm Boone-Bruner Farm Nashua North Central Iowa () North Central Iowa () North Central Iowa () North Eastern Iowa )Comparison among Multiple Products. )Valet Belay 0WDG Efficacy and Yield )Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study )Valent Belay 0WDG Efficacy and Yield )Comparison among Multiple Products )Monsanto Traits and Insecticides )Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits )Syngenta Comparison among Tefluthrin Formulations )Dow AgroSciences Smartstax )Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits )Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits )Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study )Monsanto Traits and Insecticides )Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits )Dow AgroSciences Smartstax All studies were conducted in either a continuous cornfield or following corn rootworm trap crop, to ensure the presence of rootworm larvae in the study

14 9 Table. Node injury and product consistency for Comparison among Multiple Products: Johnson Farm, Ames Node- Product Treatment Form. Rate Placement Injury,,7 Consistency 8,9 Pioneer OAM a 00a DeKalb VT + Aztec-SB.7G 0. SB/Furrow 0.0a 00a Agrisure RIB + Counter-SB 0G 0.90 SB/Furrow 0.0a 00a Pioneer OAM + SmartChoice-SB G 0. SB/Furrow 0.0a 00a Agrisure RIB a 00a DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0ab 8ab DeKalb VT ab 7ab DeKalb non-rw Bt ab 80ab Agrisure non-rw Bt b 0ab Pioneer non-rw Bt c b Planted May 9, 0; evaluated August, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb VT = YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb-non- RW Bt = DeKalb brand VTPRO Isoline (DKC 9-89); Pioneer OAM = Pioneer Optimum AcreMax (P0AM); Pioneer non- RW Bt = Pioneer Herculex (P0HR); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure GT (Agrisure N-W, Glyphosate Tolerant); Agrisure RIB = Syngenta Agrisure RIB (Agrisure NW- RIB) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time; SB = SmartBox application at planting time Chemical and check means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less 9 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) Table. Stand counts for Comparison among Multiple Products: Johnson Farm, Ames Stand Treatment Form. Rate Placement Count, DeKalb VT a DeKalb VT + Aztec-SB.7G 0. SB/Furrow 7.ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.7abc DeKalb non-rw Bt abc Pioneer OAM + SmartChoice-SB G 0. SB/Furrow.00abc Pioneer non-rw Bt abc Pioneer OAM abc Agrisure RIB abc Agrisure non-rw Bt bc Agrisure RIB + Counter-SB 0G 0.90 SB/Furrow.7 c Planted May 9, 0; evaluated June and September, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb VT = YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb-non- RW Bt = DeKalb brand VTPRO Isoline (DKC 9-89); Pioneer OAM = Pioneer Optimum AcreMax (P0AM); Pioneer non- RW Bt = Pioneer Herculex (P0HR); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure GT (Agrisure N-W, Glyphosate Tolerant); Agrisure RIB = Syngenta Agrisure RIB (Agrisure NW- RIB) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time; SB = SmartBox application at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-row treatment x 7. row-feet/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0)

15 0 Table. Lodging for Comparison among Multiple Products: Johnson Farm, Ames Treatment Form. Rate Placement Lodging, DeKalb non-rw Bt DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0 DeKalb VT DeKalb VT + Aztec-SB.7G 0. SB/Furrow 0 Agrisure RIB Agrisure RIB + Counter-SB 0G 0.90 SB/Furrow 0 Pioneer OAM Pioneer OAM + SmartChoice-SB G 0. SB/Furrow 0 Pioneer non-rw Bt Agrisure non-rw Bt Planted May 9, 0; evaluated September, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb VT = YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb-non- RW Bt = DeKalb brand VTPRO Isoline (DKC 9-89); Pioneer OAM = Pioneer Optimum AcreMax (P0AM); Pioneer non- RW Bt = Pioneer Herculex (P0HR); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure GT (Agrisure N-W, Glyphosate Tolerant); Agrisure RIB = Syngenta Agrisure RIB (Agrisure NW- RIB) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time; SB = SmartBox application at planting time Chemical and check means based on 8 observations (-row treatment x 7. row-feet/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table. Yield for Comparison among Multiple Products: Johnson Farm, Ames Bushels/ Treatment Form. Rate Placement Acre,,7 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0a DeKalb VT a DeKalb non-rw Bt ab Agrisure RIB ab Pioneer OAM + SmartChoice-SB G 0. SB/Furrow 8ab DeKalb VT + Aztec-SB.7G 0. SB/Furrow ab Pioneer non-rw Bt ab Agrisure non-rw Bt ab Agrisure RIB + Counter-SB 0G 0.90 SB/Furrow ab Pioneer OAM b Planted May 9, 0; machine harvested October 8, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb VT = YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb-non- RW Bt = DeKalb brand VTPRO Isoline (DKC 9-89); Pioneer OAM = Pioneer Optimum AcreMax (P0AM); Pioneer non- RW Bt = Pioneer Herculex (P0HR); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure GT (Agrisure N-W, Glyphosate Tolerant); Agrisure RIB = Syngenta Agrisure RIB (Agrisure NW- RIB) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time; SB = SmartBox application at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-row treatment x 8 row-feet/treatment x replications) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 7 Yields converted to.% Moisture

16 Table. Average root injury and product consistency for the Valent Belay 0WDG Efficacy and Yield: Johnson Farm, Ames Node- Product Treatment Form. Rate Placement Injury,,7 Consistency 8,9 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow 0.0a 00 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 0.0a 00 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow 0.0a 00 DeKalb SSTX a 00 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow 0.0ab 00 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 0.0ab 00 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow 0.0ab 9 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 0.0ab 9 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 0.08 bc 9 DeKalb non-rw Bt c 9 Planted May 0, 0; evaluated August 9, 0 Non-RW Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -9); DeKalb SSTX RIB = DeKalb brand Smartstax RIB (DKC -08) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Chemical and check means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less 9. No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table 7. Stand counts for the Valent Belay 0WDG Efficacy and Yield: Johnson Farm, Ames Stand Treatment Form. Rate Placement Counts, DeKalb SSTX a DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow.0a DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow.0a DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow.00a DeKalb SSTX RIB + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow 0.ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow 0.00ab DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 9.7ab DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow 9.7ab DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 8.ab DeKalb non-rw Bt b Planted May 0, 0; evaluated June 0 and September, 0 Non-RW Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -9); DeKalb SSTX RIB = DeKalb brand Smartstax RIB (DKC -08) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications x evaluations) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0)

17 Table 8. Average yields for the Valet Belay 0WDG Efficacy and Yield: Johnson Farm, Ames Bushels/ Treatment Form. Rate Placement Acre,,7 DeKalb SSTX DeKalb non-rw Bt DeKalb non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow 98 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 9 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 9 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 89 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow 88 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow 8 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow 7 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 8 Planted May 0, 0; machine harvested October 8, 0 Non-RW Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -9); DeKalb SSTX RIB = DeKalb brand Smartstax RIB (DKC -08) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-rows/ treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) 7 Yields converted to.% Moisture 8 Mean based on observations (-rows/ treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications)

18 Table 9. Average root injury and product consistency for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: Johnson Farm, Ames Node- Product Treatment Injury,, Consistency,7 Mycogen Smartstax 0.0a 00a Mycogen non-rw Bt.0 b b Planted May 0, 0; evaluated August, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Chemical and check means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) Table 0. Stand counts for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: Johnson Farm, Ames Stand Treatment. Counts, Mycogen non-rw Bt.0 Mycogen Smartstax.0 Planted May 0, 0; evaluated June 9 and September, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table. Average yield for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: Johnson Farm, Ames Bushels/ Treatment Acre,, Mycogen Smartstax 8 Mycogen non-rw Bt 0 Planted May 0, 0; machine harvested October 8, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Yields converted to.% Moisture

19 Table. Average root injury and product consistency for the Valent Belay 0WDG Efficacy and Yield: Bruner Farm, Boone. Node- Product Treatment Form. Rate Placement Injury,,7 Consistency 8,9 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow 0.0a 00 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow 0.0a 9 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 0.0a 9 DeKalb SSTX ab 9 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 0.ab 7 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 0.ab 90 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow 0.7ab 90 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow 0.ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 0. b DeKalb non-rw Bt c Planted May 9, 0; evaluated August 9, 0 Non-RW Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -9); DeKalb SSTX RIB = DeKalb brand Smartstax RIB (DKC -08) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less 9. No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table. Stand counts for the Valent Belay 0WDG Efficacy and Yield: Bruner Farm, Boone. Stand Treatment Form. Rate Placement Counts, DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow.0a DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow.7a DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow.0ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow.ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow.00ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow.0ab DeKalb SSTX ab DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow.ab DeKalb SSTX RIB + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow 7.7 bc DeKalb non-rw Bt c Planted May 9, 0; evaluated June 0 and September 9, 0 Non-RW Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -9); DeKalb SSTX RIB = DeKalb brand Smartstax RIB (DKC -08) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications x evaluations) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0)

20 Table. Average yields for the Valent Belay 0WDG Efficacy and Yield: Bruner Farm, Boone. Bushels/ Treatment Form. Rate Placement Acre,,7 DeKalb SSTX DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 9 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 8 DeKalb SSTX RIB + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow 8 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0. Furrow 8 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow 79 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 7 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Belay 0WDG 0.0 Furrow 8 DeKalb non-rw Bt DeKalb SSTX RIB + Force 0CS 0.7 Furrow Planted May 9, 0; machine harvested October, 0 Non-RW Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -9); DeKalb SSTX RIB = DeKalb brand Smartstax RIB (DKC -08) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-rows/ treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) 7 Yields converted to.% Moisture

21 Table. Root injury and product consistency for Comparison among Multiple Products: Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, Nashua Node- Product Treatment Form. Rate Placement Injury,,7 Consistency 8,9 Pioneer OAM + SmartChoice-SB G 0. SB/Furrow 0.0a 9a Agrisure RIB + Force 0CS 0.7 T-Band 0.0a 00a Agrisure RIB + Counter-SB 0G 0.90 SB/Furrow 0.07ab 9a DeKalb VT + Aztec-SB.7G 0. SB/Furrow 0.ab 80ab Agrisure 000GT + Force 0CS 0.7 T-Band 0. bc 7ab Agrisure 000GT + Capture LFR.SC 0.0 Furrow 0. c ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.8 c 0ab Agrisure RIB c 7ab Pioneer OAM c ab DeKalb VT d 0 bc Pioneer non-rw Bt e 0 c Agrisure 000GT e 0 c DeKalb non-rw Bt e 0 c Agrisure non-rw Bt e 0 c Planted May 7, 0; evaluated July 9, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb VT = YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb-non- RW Bt = DeKalb brand VTPRO Isoline (DKC 9-89); Pioneer OAM = Pioneer Optimum AcreMax (P0AM); Pioneer non- RW Bt = Pioneer Herculex (P0HR); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure GT (Agrisure N-W, Glyphosate Tolerant); Agrisure RIB = Syngenta Agrisure RIB (Agrisure NW- RIB); Agrisure 000GT = Syngenta Agrisure Viptera (Agrisure NW-000GT) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow & T-Band = insecticide applied at planting time; SB = SmartBox application at planting time Chemical and check means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less 9 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0)

22 7 Table. Stand counts for Comparison among Multiple Products: Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, Nashua Stand Treatment Form. Rate Placement Count, Agrisure RIB + Force 0CS 0.7 T-Band.00a Agrisure RIB ab Agrisure RIB + Counter-SB 0G 0.90 SB/Furrow.0ab Agrisure 000GT ab Agrisure 000GT + Force 0CS 0.7 T-Band.00ab DeKalb non-rw Bt qb DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.7ab DeKalb VT ab Pioneer OAM ab Agrisure 000GT + Capture LFR.SC 0.0 Furrow.ab DeKalb VT + Aztec-SB.7G 0. SB/Furrow 0.7ab Pioneer OAM + SmartChoice-SB G 0. SB/Furrow 0.0ab Agrisure non-rw Bt ab Pioneer non-rw Bt ab Planted May 7, 0; evaluated June and October 9, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb VT = YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb-non- RW Bt = DeKalb brand VTPRO Isoline (DKC 9-89); Pioneer OAM = Pioneer Optimum AcreMax (P0AM); Pioneer non- RW Bt = Pioneer Herculex (P0HR); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure GT (Agrisure N-W, Glyphosate Tolerant); Agrisure RIB = Syngenta Agrisure RIB (Agrisure NW- RIB); Agrisure 000GT = Syngenta Agrisure Viptera (Agrisure NW-000GT) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow & T-Band = insecticide applied at planting time; SB = SmartBox application at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-row treatment x 7. row-feet/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0)

23 8 Table 7. Lodging for Comparison among multiple products: Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, Nashua Treatment Form. Rate Placement Lodging, Pioneer OAM + SmartChoice-SB G 0. SB/Furrow a Agrisure RIB + Force 0CS 0.7 T-Band a Agrisure RIB + Counter-SB 0G 0.90 SB/Furrow a DeKalb VT + Aztec-SB.7G 0. SB/Furrow a DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 7a Agrisure RIB ab Pioneer OAM ab Agrisure 000GT + Force 0CS 0.7 T-Band abc Agrisure 000GT + Capture LFR.SC 0.0 Furrow 7abcd DeKalb VT abcd Agrisure non-rw Bt bcd Pioneer non-rw Bt cd Agrisure 000GT cd DeKalb non-rw Bt d Planted May 7, 0; evaluated October 9, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb VT = YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb-non- RW Bt = DeKalb brand VTPRO Isoline (DKC 9-89); Pioneer OAM = Pioneer Optimum AcreMax (P0AM); Pioneer non- RW Bt = Pioneer Herculex (P0HR); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure GT (Agrisure N-W, Glyphosate Tolerant); Agrisure RIB = Syngenta Agrisure RIB (Agrisure NW- RIB); Agrisure 000GT = Syngenta Agrisure Viptera (Agrisure NW-000GT) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow & T-Band = insecticide applied at planting time; SB = SmartBox application at planting time Chemical and check means based on 8 observations (-row treatment x 7. row-feet/treatment x replications) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0)

24 9 Table 8. Yield for Comparison among Multiple Products: Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, Nashua Bushels/ Treatment Form. Rate Placement Acre,,7 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 9a Agrisure 000GT + Force 0CS 0.7 T-Band 9a Pioneer OAM + SmartChoice-SB G 0. SB/Furrow 88ab Agrisure 000GT + Capture LFR.SC 0.0 Furrow 80abc Agrisure RIB abc Agrisure RIB + Counter-SB 0G 0.90 SB/Furrow 7abc Agrisure RIB + Force 0CS 0.7 T-Band 7abc DeKalb VT + Aztec-SB.7G 0. SB/Furrow 7abc Pioneer OAM abcd DeKalb non-rw Bt bcde DeKalb VT bcde Agrisure 000GT cde Pioneer non-rw Bt de Agrisure non-rw Bt e Planted May 7, 0; machine harvested October, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb VT = YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb-non- RW Bt = DeKalb brand VTPRO Isoline (DKC 9-89); Pioneer OAM = Pioneer Optimum AcreMax (P0AM); Pioneer non- RW Bt = Pioneer Herculex (P0HR); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure GT (Agrisure N-W, Glyphosate Tolerant); Agrisure RIB = Syngenta Agrisure RIB (Agrisure NW- RIB); Agrisure 000GT = Syngenta Agrisure Viptera (Agrisure NW-000GT) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow & T-Band = insecticide applied at planting time; SB = SmartBox application at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-row treatment x 8 row-feet/treatment x replications) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 7 Yields converted to.% Moisture

25 0 Table 9. Average root injury and product consistency for Monsanto Traits and Insecticides: Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, Nashua Node- Product Treatment Form. Rate Placement Injury,,7 Consistency 8,9 Agrisure a 00a Mycogen HXX + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.0a 9a Agrisure + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.0a 9a DeKalb Smartstax RIB + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.0a 90a DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.a 80ab DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.a 9a Mycogen HXX a 7ab DeKalb Smartstax RIB a 7ab DeKalb non-rw Bt b ab DeKalb VT b 0ab Mycogen non-rw Bt b 0ab Agrisure non-rw Bt b 0 b Planted May 7, 0; evaluated July 8, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb Smartstax RIB= DeKalb Smartstax RIB (DKC -0); DeKalb VT = DeKalb VT (DKC -9); DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -); Mycogen HXX = Mycogen Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR Isoline (Mycogen K9); Agrisure = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure NW-); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure N-W GT, Glyphosate Tolerant). Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet T-band = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less 9 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) Table 0. Average stand counts for Monsanto Traits and Insecticides: Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, Nashua Treatment Form. Stand Rate Placement Counts, F DeKalb Smartstax RIB + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.00 Mycogen HXX + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.00 Mycogen non-rw Bt DeKalb Smartstax RIB DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. T-band 9.0 Mycogen HXX Agrisure DeKalb non-rw Bt DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. T-band 8.0 Agrisure + Aztec.G 0. T-band 8.0 Agrisure non-rw Bt DeKalb VT Planted May 7, 0; evaluated June and October 9, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb Smartstax RIB= DeKalb Smartstax RIB (DKC -0); DeKalb VT = DeKalb VT (DKC -9); DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -); Mycogen HXX = Mycogen Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR Isoline (Mycogen K9); Agrisure = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure NW-); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure N-W GT, Glyphosate Tolerant). Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet T-band = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-feet/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0)

26 Table. Average lodging for Monsanto Traits and Insecticides: Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, Nashua Treatment Form. Rate Placement Lodging, DeKalb Smartstax RIB + Aztec.G 0. T-band a Mycogen HXX + Aztec.G 0. T-band a Agrisure + Aztec.G 0. T-band a Agrisure a DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. T-band a DeKalb Smartstax RIB ab Mycogen HXX ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. T-band ab DeKalb VT ab DeKalb non-rw Bt ab Mycogen non-rw Bt ab Agrisure non-rw Bt b Planted May 7, 0; evaluated October 9, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb Smartstax RIB= DeKalb Smartstax RIB (DKC -0); DeKalb VT = DeKalb VT (DKC -9); DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -); Mycogen HXX = Mycogen Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR Isoline (Mycogen K9); Agrisure = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure NW-); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure N-W GT, Glyphosate Tolerant). Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet T-band = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 8 observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-feet/treatment x replications) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) Table. Average yield for Monsanto Traits and Insecticides: Northeast Iowa Research and Demonstration Farm, Nashua Bushels/ Treatment Form. Rate Placement Acre,,7 Agrisure + Aztec.G 0. T-band DeKalb Smartstax RIB + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0 Agrisure Mycogen HXX + Aztec.G 0. T-band 08 Agrisure non-rw Bt DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0 Mycogen HXX DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. T-band 99 DeKalb Smartstax RIB Mycogen non-rw Bt DeKalb VT DeKalb non-rw Bt Planted May 7, 0; machine harvested October, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb Smartstax RIB= DeKalb Smartstax RIB (DKC -0); DeKalb VT = DeKalb VT (DKC -9); DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -); Mycogen HXX = Mycogen Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR Isoline (Mycogen K9); Agrisure = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure NW-); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure N-W GT, Glyphosate Tolerant). Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet T-band = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-row treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) 7 Yields converted to.% Moisture

27 Table. Average root-injury and product consistency for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Central Iowa () Node- Product Treatment Form. Rate Placement Injury,,7 Consistency 7,8 DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0a 00a Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0a 00a DeKalb Smartstax a 97ab DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.ab 97ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.ab 8ab Mycogen-HXX ab 90ab Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0 bc 77ab DeKalb VT c b Mycogen non-rw Bt d 0 c DeKalb non-rw Bt d 7 c Planted May, 0; evaluated August, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less Table. Average stand count for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Central Iowa () Stand Treatment Form. Rate Placement Counts, DeKalb VT a DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.abc Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.abc Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.abc DeKalb non-rw Bt abc Mycogen-HXX abc DeKalb Smartstax abc DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.0 bc Mycogen non-rw Bt bc Planted May, 0; evaluated June 0 and October 7, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0)

28 Table. Average lodging for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Central Iowa () Treatment Form. Rate Placement Lodging, DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow a Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow a Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow a DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow ab Mycogen-HXX ab DeKalb VT abc DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow abc DeKalb Smartstax abc DeKalb non-rw Bt bc Mycogen non-rw Bt c Planted May, 0; evaluated October 7, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 8 observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table. Average yield for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Central Iowa () Bushels/ Treatment Form. Rate Placement Acre,,7 DeKalb VT a DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow a DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0ab DeKalb Smartstax ab Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 9ab DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 9ab Mycogen-HXX abc DeKalb non-rw Bt bc Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 8 bc Mycogen non-rw Bt c Planted May, 0; machine harvested October, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-row treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 7 Yields converted to.% Moisture

29 Table 7. Average root-injury and product consistency for Syngenta Comparison among Tefluthrin Formulations: North Central Iowa () Node- Product Treatment Form. Rate Placement Injury,,7 Consistency 7,8 Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0.8 Furrow 0.a 78a Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0. Furrow 0.9a 8a Agrisure non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.a a Agrisure non-rw Bt + Capture LFR.SC 0.0 Furrow 0.a a Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force G 0. Furrow 0.a a Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force G 0. Furrow 0.a 0a Agrisure non-rw Bt b b Planted May, 0; evaluated August, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta (Golden Harvest brand) glyphosate tolerant hybrid (Agrisure G07V88-GT) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 0 observations (0 roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less Table 8. Average stand count for Syngenta Comparison among Tefluthrin Formulations: North Central Iowa () Stand Treatment Form. Rate Placement Counts, Agrisure non-rw Bt Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0.8 Furrow.00 Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force G 0. Furrow.7 Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force G 0. Furrow.0 Agrisure non-rw Bt + Capture LFR.SC 0.0 Furrow. Agrisure non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow. Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0. Furrow.7 Planted May, 0; evaluated June 0, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta (Golden Harvest brand) glyphosate tolerant hybrid (Agrisure G07V88-GT) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 8 observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0)

30 Table 9. Average yield for Syngenta Comparison among Tefluthrin Formulations: North Central Iowa () Bushels/ Treatment Form. Rate Placement Acre,,7 Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0. Furrow 99 Agrisure non-rw Bt Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force G 0. Furrow 9 Agrisure non-rw Bt + Capture LFR.SC 0.0 Furrow 9 Agrisure non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 9 Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force 0CS 0.8 Furrow 90 Agrisure non-rw Bt + Force G 0. Furrow 88 Planted May, 0; machine harvested October 0, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta (Golden Harvest brand) glyphosate tolerant hybrid (Agrisure G07V88-GT) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-row treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) 7 Yields converted to.% Moisture Table 0. Average root injury and product consistency for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: North Central Iowa () Node- Product Treatment Injury,,7 Consistency 8,9 Mycogen Smartstax 0.a 80a Mycogen non-rw Bt. b 0 b Planted May, 0; evaluated August, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less 9 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0)

31 Table. Stand counts for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: North Central Iowa () Stand Treatment. Counts, Mycogen Smartstax 0.00 Mycogen non-rw Bt 0.00 Planted May, 0; evaluated June and October, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table. Average lodging for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: North Central Iowa () Treatment. Lodging, Mycogen Smartstax 0a Mycogen non-rw Bt b Planted May, 0; evaluated October 9, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on 8 observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) Table. Average yield for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: North Central Iowa () Bushels/ Treatment Acre,,7 Mycogen Smartstax Mycogen non-rw Bt 8a b Planted May, 0; machine harvested October 0, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) Yields converted to.% Moisture

32 7 Table. Average root-injury and product consistency for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Central Iowa () Node- Product Treatment Form. Rate Placement Injury,,7 Consistency 7,8 DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0a 00a DeKalb Smartstax a 00a Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0a 97a Mycogen-HXX ab 77a DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.9 bc ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.9 cd 0ab Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0. cd 0 bc DeKalb VT de 7 bc DeKalb non-rw Bt ef c Mycogen non-rw Bt f 7 c Planted May, 0; evaluated August, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less Table. Average stand count for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Central Iowa () Stand Treatment Form. Rate Placement Counts, Mycogen-HXX Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.0 DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow. DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow. DeKalb VT DeKalb Smartstax Mycogen non-rw Bt Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow. DeKalb non-rw Bt DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.7 Planted May, 0; evaluated June 0 and October 7, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0)

33 8 Table. Average lodging for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Central Iowa () Treatment Form. Rate Placement Lodging, DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0 DeKalb Smartstax DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0 Mycogen non-rw Bt Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0 Mycogen-HXX Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow DeKalb non-rw Bt DeKalb VT Planted May, 0; evaluated October 7, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 8 observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table 7. Average yield for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Central Iowa () Bushels/ Treatment Form. Rate Placement Acre,,7 DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 00a DeKalb Smartstax ab Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 9ab DeKalb non-rw Bt ab DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 87ab Mycogen-HXX ab Mycogen non-rw Bt ab Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 80ab DeKalb VT ab DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 9 b Planted May, 0; machine harvested October 0, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-row treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 7 Yields converted to.% Moisture

34 9 Table 8. Average root-injury and product consistency for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Central Iowa () Node- Product Treatment Form. Rate Placement Injury,,7 Consistency 7,8 DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.00a 00a DeKalb non-rw Bt ab 00a DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0ab 00a DeKalb VT ab 00a DeKalb Smartstax ab 00a DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0ab 00a Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0ab 00a Mycogen-HXX ab 00a Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0ab 00a Mycogen non-rw Bt b 9 b Planted May, 0; evaluated August, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less Table 9. Average stand count for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Central Iowa () Stand Treatment Form. Rate Placement Counts, DeKalb VT Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow. DeKalb Smartstax DeKalb non-rw Bt DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.00 Mycogen-HXX DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.7 DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.0 Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.0 Mycogen non-rw Bt Planted May, 0; evaluated June 0 and October 7, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0)

35 0 Table 0. Average yield for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Central Iowa () Bushels/ Treatment Form. Rate Placement Acre,,7 DeKalb non-rw Bt DeKalb Smartstax DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow DeKalb VT Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 9 DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 9 Mycogen-HXX Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow Mycogen non-rw Bt DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow Planted May, 0; machine harvested October 0, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-row treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) 7 Yields converted to.% Moisture

36 Table. Average root injury and product consistency for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: North Central Iowa () Node- Product Treatment Injury,, Consistency,7 Mycogen non-rw Bt Mycogen Smartstax Planted May, 0; evaluated August, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less 7 No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table. Stand counts for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: North Central Iowa () Stand Treatment. Counts, Mycogen Smartstax.00 Mycogen non-rw Bt. Planted May, 0; evaluated June 0 and October 9, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table. Average yield for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: North Central Iowa () Bushels/ Treatment Acre,, Mycogen Smartstax 99 Mycogen non-rw Bt 98 Planted May, 0; machine harvested October 0, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 0 row-feet/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Yields converted to.% Moisture

37 Table. Average root injury and product consistency for Monsanto Traits and Insecticides: North Central Iowa () Node- Product Treatment Form. Rate Placement Injury,,7 Consistency 8,9 Agrisure ab 00 DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.0ab 00 Agrisure + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.0ab 00 Agrisure non-rw Bt ab 00 DeKalb Smartstax RIB a 00 DeKalb VT ab 00 DeKalb non-rw Bt ab 00 DeKalb Smartstax RIB + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.0ab 00 DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.0ab 00 Mycogen HXX ab 00 Mycogen non-rw Bt ab 00 Mycogen HXX + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0.0 b 00 Planted May, 0; evaluated August, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb Smartstax RIB= DeKalb Smartstax RIB (DKC -0); DeKalb VT = DeKalb VT (DKC -9); DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -); Mycogen HXX = Mycogen Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR Isoline (Mycogen K9); Agrisure = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure NW-); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure N-W GT, Glyphosate Tolerant). Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet T-band = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less 9 No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table. Average stand counts for Monsanto Traits and Insecticides: North Central Iowa () Treatment Form. Stand Rate Placement Counts, F Mycogen HXX a DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. T-band.0ab Mycogen HXX + Aztec.G 0. T-band.0ab DeKalb Smartstax RIB ab DeKalb Smartstax RIB + Aztec.G 0. T-band.7abc DeKalb non-rw Bt abc Agrisure non-rw Bt abc Mycogen non-rw Bt abc Agrisure abc Agrisure + Aztec.G 0. T-band.7abc DeKalb VT bc DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0. c Planted May, 0; evaluated June 0 and October 7, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb Smartstax RIB= DeKalb Smartstax RIB (DKC -0); DeKalb VT = DeKalb VT (DKC -9); DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -); Mycogen HXX = Mycogen Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR Isoline (Mycogen K9); Agrisure = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure NW-); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure N-W GT, Glyphosate Tolerant). Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet T-band = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-feet/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0)

38 Table. Average yield for Monsanto Traits and Insecticides: North Central Iowa () Bushels/ Treatment Form. Rate Placement Acre,,7 Agrisure DeKalb non-rw Bt Mycogen HXX DeKalb Smartstax RIB + Aztec.G 0. T-band Mycogen HXX + Aztec.G 0. T-band DeKalb Smartstax RIB DeKalb VT Mycogen non-rw Bt Agrisure + Aztec.G 0. T-band Agrisure non-rw Bt DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0 DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. T-band 0 Planted May, 0; machine harvested October 0, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb Smartstax RIB= DeKalb Smartstax RIB (DKC -0); DeKalb VT = DeKalb VT (DKC -9); DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR Isoline (DKC -); Mycogen HXX = Mycogen Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR Isoline (Mycogen K9); Agrisure = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure NW-); Agrisure non-rw Bt = Syngenta Agrisure (Agrisure N-W GT, Glyphosate Tolerant). Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet T-band = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-row treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) 7 Yields converted to.% Moisture Table 7. Average root-injury and product consistency for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Eastern Iowa Node- Product Treatment Form. Rate Placement Injury,,7 Consistency 7,8 Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0a 00a DeKalb Smartstax a 00a DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.08a 97a DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0a 97a Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.07a 00a DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0.0a 9a DeKalb VT a 87a Mycogen-HXX a 9a DeKalb non-rw Bt b 7 b Mycogen non-rw Bt b 0 b Planted May 8, 0; evaluated August 8, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 8 Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less

39 Table 8. Average stand count for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Eastern Iowa Stand Treatment Form. Rate Placement Counts, DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow. Mycogen-HXX Mycogen non-rw Bt DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.00 Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.00 Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.7 DeKalb VT DeKalb Smartstax DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow.0 DeKalb non-rw Bt Planted May 8, 0; evaluated June and October 9, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table 9. Average lodging for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Eastern Iowa Treatment Form. Rate Placement Lodging, DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0 DeKalb VT DeKalb Smartstax Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0 Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 0 DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow Mycogen non-rw Bt Mycogen-HXX DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow DeKalb non-rw Bt Planted May 8, 0; evaluated October 9, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = Insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on 8 observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0)

40 Table 0. Average yield for Comparison among Bt Rootworm Traits: North Eastern Iowa Bushels/ Treatment Form. Rate Placement Acre,,7 Mycogen-HXX + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 7a DeKalb non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 8a DeKalb Smartstax + Aztec.G 0. Furrow ab Mycogen non-rw Bt + Aztec.G 0. Furrow ab DeKalb Smartstax ab Mycogen non-rw Bt ab Mycogen-HXX ab DeKalb non-rw Bt ab DeKalb VT ab DeKalb VT + Aztec.G 0. Furrow 8 b Planted May 8, 0; machine harvested October, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; DeKalb non-rw Bt = DeKalb brand RR (DKC 9-89); DeKalb VT = DeKalb brand YieldGard VT Triple (DKC8-8); DeKalb Smartstax = DeKalb brand Smartstax (DKC8-87); Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen-HXX = Mycogen brand Herculex XTRA (Mycogen K9) Insecticide listed as ounces a.i. per,000 row-feet Furrow = insecticide applied at planting time Chemical and check means based on observations (-row treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) 7 Yields converted to.% Moisture Table. Average root injury and product consistency for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: North Eastern Iowa Node- Product Treatment Injury,, Consistency,7 Mycogen Smartstax 0.a 80a Mycogen non-rw Bt. b 0 b Planted May 8, 0; evaluated August 8, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on 0 observations ( roots/ rows x replications) Iowa State Node-Injury Scale (0-). Number of full or partial nodes completely eaten Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0) Product consistency = Percentage of times nodal injury was 0. (¼ node eaten) or less 7 Means sharing a common letter do not differ significantly according to Ryan s Q Test (P < 0.0)

41 Table. Stand counts for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: North Eastern Iowa Stand Treatment. Counts, Mycogen Smartstax 0.00 Mycogen non-rw Bt 0.00 Planted May 8, 0; evaluated June and October 9, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications x evaluation dates) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table. Lodging for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: North Eastern Iowa Treatment Lodging, Mycogen Smartstax Mycogen non-rw Bt 0 Planted May 8, 0; evaluated October 9, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on 8 observations ( rows/ treatment x 7. row-ft/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Table. Average yield for the Dow AgroSciences Smartstax Study: North Eastern Iowa Bushels/ Treatment Acre,, Mycogen Smartstax Mycogen non-rw Bt 0 Planted May 8, 0; machine harvested October, 0 non-rw Bt = an absence of any Bt trait targeting corn rootworm; Mycogen non-rw Bt = Mycogen brand RR (Mycogen K9); Mycogen Smartstax = Mycogen brand Smartstax (Mycogen K9) Means based on observations ( rows/ treatment x 9 row-feet/treatment x replications) No significant differences between means (ANOVA, P < 0.0) Yields converted to.% Moisture

42 7 APPENDIX I Agronomic Information

43 8 0 Field History Data Ames, IA-ISU Johnson Farm Corn Rootworm studies (following trap crop) Boone, IA-ISU Bruner Farm Corn Rootworm studies (following continuous corn) Insecticide History 0 No Insecticide (trap crop) Corn (Insecticide Test Plot) 0 Insecticide Test Plot Corn 0 No Insecticide (trap crop) Corn 00 Insecticide Test Plot Corn Tillage Variety Fall 0-chopped stalks & disk ripper Spring 0-field cultivation (X) Mycogen K9 RR, Mycogen K9 SSTX, DeKalb DKC 8-89 VTPRO, DeKalb DKC 8-8 VT, Agrisure NW- RIB, Agrisure N-W GT, Pioneer P0AM, Pioneer P0HR, DeKalb DKC -9 RR, DeKalb -08 SSTX Fall 0-chopped stalks & disk ripper Spring 0-field cultivation (X) DeKalb DKC -9 RR, DeKalb -08 Smartstax Planting Date May 9, 0 & May 0 May 9 Planting Rate,00 seeds/a,00 seeds/a Herbicides. pts. Harness-May oz. Synergize-June oz. Laudis-June Fertilizer N P K S Z N P K Fall Applied Preplant Dates Stand Count June 9 & 0, September & June 0; September 9 Root Digging August & August 9 Lodging September, September 9 Harvest October 8 October Soil Type Clay loam & loam Silty clay loam Soil Organic Matter %.7. Soil ph.. Expressed as formulation per acre. Expressed as pounds per acre. Spring-preplant 00 lbs., % UAN applied on May 7 at ISU Johnson Farm (Ames); Fall applied- lbs. Nitrogen, 7 lbs. Phosphorus, lbs. Potassium, 8. lbs. Sulfur,.8 lbs. Zinc applied on November, 0 at ISU Johnson Farm (Ames); Spring-preplant 8 lbs., UAN applied on May 0 at ISU Bruner Farm (Boone);

44 9 0 Field History Data Nashua, IA Corn Rootworm studies (following trap crop) Nashua, IA Corn Rootworm studies (following continuous corn) Insecticide History 0 No Insecticide (trap crop) VT Hybrid Test Plot (Aztec) 0 Insecticide Test Plot VT Hybrid Test Plot 0 No Insecticide (trap crop) VT Hybrid Test Plot 00 Insecticide Test Plot YIELDGARD + Hybrid Test Plot Tillage Fall 0-chisel plow; Spring 0-field cultivation; Fall 0-chisel plow Fall 0-chisel plow; Spring 0-field cultivation; Fall 0-chisel plow Variety DeKalb DKC 8-89 VTPRO, DeKalb DKC 8-8 VT, Agrisure NW- RIB, Agrisure NW- 000GT, Agrisure N-W GT, Pioneer P0AM, Pioneer P0HR DeKalb DKC -0 Smartstax RIB, DeKalb DKC -9 VT, DeKalb DKC - RR, Mycogen K9 RR, Mycogen K9 HXX, Agrisure NW- NOT RIB, Agrisure N-W GT Planting Date(s) May 7 May 7 Planting Rate,00 seeds/a,00 seeds/a Herbicides. pts. G Max Lite-May 8; oz. Clarity-June. pts. G Max Lite-May 8; oz. Clarity-June Fertilizer N P K N P K Fall Applied (0) Preplant Dates Stand Count June & October 9 June & October 9 Root Digging July July Lodging October 9 October 9 Harvest October October Soil Type Loam Loam Soil Organic Matter %.9.9 Soil ph Expressed as formulation per acre. Expressed as pounds per acre. Spring-Preplant 00 lbs. per acre actual nitrogen applied as anhydrous ammonia (8.-0-0) on April 9 at Nashua (Both fields); Fall applied- spread 0 lbs per acre of ton DAP/ ton of K =. lbs P0/ac and lbs K0/ac on November 0, 0 at Nashua (Both fields)

45 0 0 Field History Data North Central Iowa () North Central Iowa () Corn Rootworm studies Corn Rootworm studies (following continuous corn) (following continuous corn) Insecticide History 0 Corn-VT PRO-RIB (No Insecticide) Corn-VT RIB (No Insecticide) 0 Corn-VT-Block (No Insecticide) Corn-VT Block (No Insecticide) 0 Corn (No Insecticide) Corn-VT Block (No Insecticide) 00 Corn (No Insecticide) Corn (No Insecticide) Tillage Fall 0-disk ripper; Spring 0-field cultivation Fall 0-disk ripper; Spring 0-field cultivation Variety Mycogen K9 RR, Mycogen K9 HXX, Mycogen K9 SSTX, DeKalb DKC 8-89 VTPRO, DeKalb DKC 8-8 VT, DeKalb DKC 8-87 Smartstax, Syngenta Agrisure GO7V88-GT (Golden Harvest brand) Mycogen K9 RR, Mycogen K9 HXX, DeKalb DKC 8-89 VTPRO, DeKalb DKC 8-8 VT, DeKalb DKC 8-87 Smartstax Planting Date(s) May May Planting Rate,00 seeds/a,00 seeds/a Herbicide. pts. Volley (acetochlor) lbs. Atrazine (PPI)-April 0.7 oz. Impact + oz. Duramax (POST)-April Fertilizer N P K N P K Fall Applied Preplant oz Balance Flexx + % UAN (PRE)-May 0 oz Capreno + 0. lbs. Atrazine (POST)-June Dates Stand Count June 0 and October 7 June 0 and October 7 Root Digging August August Lodging October 7 October 7 Harvest October 0 October 0 Soil Type Clay loam Silty clay loam Soil Organic Matter %.9. Soil ph. 7.0 Expressed as formulation per acre. Expressed as pounds per acre. Spring-Preplant 00 lbs. % UAN on April at North Central Iowa () location; Spring-Preplant 0 lbs. actual nitrogen applied as anhydrous ammonia (8.-0-0) on May at North Central Iowa () location

46 0 Field History Data North Central Iowa () Corn Rootworm studies (following continuous corn) North Eastern Iowa Corn Rootworm studies (following continuous corn) Insecticide History 0 Corn-VT PRO RIB (No Corn-VT PRO RIB (No Insecticide) Insecticide) 0 Corn-Smartstax RIB (No Corn-VT PRO RIB (No Insecticide) Insecticide) 0 Corn-VT PRO/Smartstax-Block (No Insecticide) Corn-VT PRO RIB (No Insecticide) 00 Corn-VT-Block (No Insecticide) Corn-VT PRO RIB (No Insecticide) Tillage Fall 0-disk ripper; Spring 0-field cultivation Fall 0-disk; Spring 0-field cultivation Variety Mycogen K9 RR, Mycogen K9 HXX, Mycogen K9 Smartstax, DeKalb DKC 8-89 VTPRO, DeKalb DKC 8-8 VT, DeKalb DKC 8-87 Smartstax, DeKalb DKC -0 Smartstax RIB, DeKalb DKC - 9 VT, DeKalb DKC - RR, Agrisure NW- NOT RIB, Agrisure N-W GT Mycogen K9 RR, Mycogen K9 HXX, Mycogen K9 Smartstax, DeKalb DKC 8-89 VTPRO, DeKalb DKC 8-8 VT, DeKalb DKC 8-87 Smartstax Planting Date(s) May May 8 Planting Rate,00 seeds/a,00 seeds/a Herbicides oz. Verdict (PPI)-May oz. Callisto + oz. Roundup WeatherMax (POST)-May Fertilizer N P K N P K Fall Applied Preplant pts. Sure Start-May oz. Roundup PowerMax-June Dates Stand Count June 0 and October 7 June and October 7 Root Digging August August Lodging October 7 October 7 Harvest October 0 October Soil Type loam loam Soil Organic Matter %.88. Soil ph Expressed as formulation per acre. Expressed as pounds per acre. Spring-preplant 0 lbs. % UAN on May at North Central Iowa () location; Fall applied (7 lbs. N, 70 lbs. P, 70 lbs K) dry fertilizer was applied on November, 0 at North Central Iowa () location; Spring-preplant 00 lbs. % UAN applied on May with preemergence herbicide at North Eastern Iowa location; Spring/Summer-side dressed 00 lbs. % UAN applied on June at North Eastern Iowa location

47 APPENDIX II Weather Data

48 Ames & Boone 0 Rainfall and Temperature May June July Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Day Low High Inches Low High Inches Low High Inches Mean/Total Normal D.F.N Weather station located miles WSW of Ames at ISU AEA/Agronomy Farm.

49 Ames & Boone 0 Rainfall and Temperature August September October Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Day Low High Inches Low High Inches Low High Inches Mean/Total Noal D.F.N Weather station located miles WSW of Ames at ISU AEA/Agronomy Farm.

50 North Central Iowa 0 Rainfall and Temperature May June July Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Day Low High Inches Low High Inches Low High Inches Mean/Total Normal D.F.N Weather station located approximately miles from studies location

51 North Central Iowa 0 Rainfall and Temperature August September October Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Day Low High Inches Low High Inches Low High Inches Mean/Total Normal D.F.N Weather station located approximately miles from studies location

52 7 Nashua & North Eastern Iowa location 0 Rainfall and Temperature May June July Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Day Low High Inches Low High Inches Low High Inches T T T 79 8 T T T T Mean/Total Normal D.F.N Weather station located at test site. Hail was reported at this field site on June 9 Weather station located approximately miles northwest of field location

53 8 Nashua & North Eastern Iowa locations 0 Rainfall and Temperature August September October Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Temp ( F) Rainfall Day High Low Inches High Low Inches High Low Inches Mean/Total Normal D.F.N Weather station located at test site. Weather station located approximately miles northwest of field location

54 9 APPENDIX III Materials Tested

55 0 Table. Conventional Insecticides used in studies in 0. Product name Rate (ounces a.i. per 000 row-feet) Active ingredient Company Aztec.G 0. tebupirimphos & cyfluthrin AMVAC Chem. Corp. Aztec-SB.7G 0. tebupirimphos & cyfluthrin AMVAC Chem. Corp. Belay 0WDG 0.0, 0. & 0.0 clothianidin Valent Corporation Capture LFR.SC 0.0 Bifenthrin FMC Corporation AMVAC Chem. Counter-SB 0G 0.90 Terbufos Corp. Force G 0. & 0. tefluthrin Syngenta Force 0CS 0. tefluthrin Syngenta AMVAC Chem. SmartChoice-SB G 0. Chlorethoxyfos + bifenthrin Corp. Table. Rootworm active Bt Traits Product name Event Toxin Company Agrisure 000GT Agrisure MIR0 mcrya Syngenta Agrisure DAS MIR0 Cry/Ab + mcrya Syngenta Herculex DAS-9-7 Cry/Ab Smartstax DAS MON 8807 Cry/Ab + CryBb Pioneer & Dow AgroSciences Dow AgroSciences & Monsanto VT Triple Pro MON 8807 CryBb Monsanto

56 APPENDIX IV Research Pictures

57 From left to right, summer 0 undergraduate technical assistants, Anthony Blake, Eric Stuart, Cory Hermsen, Andrea D. Raygor, Andrew Guinness, Patrick Weber supervisor (Agricultural Specialist-ISU Dept. of Entomology) and Alex Abdallah Patrick Weber installing a Corn Rootworm emergence cage trap at a grower field location in north central Iowa

58 Jeff Erb (Combine operator) and Patrick Weber harvesting corn plots at the ISU Bruner farm location, Boone, Iowa Dr. Siva Jakka and Patrick Weber checking the growth stage of the corn plants at a grower field in North Central Iowa