Food Product Traceability

Transcription

1 Food Product Traceability J a n u a r y Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

2 1 Food Product Traceability Contents (1) Definition of Food Product Traceability (2) Reason why Food Product Traceability is Needed (3) Food Product Traceability Mechanisms (4) Content of Food Product Traceability Efforts by Food Product Businesses 2 Food Product Traceability Efforts (1) Efforts of Distributors 7 (2) Efforts of Producers 8 3 Expanding Food Product Traceability Efforts (1) Positioning of Food Product Traceability (2) Measures Promoting Food Traceability Efforts (3) Food Product Traceability Practical Manuals (4) Introduction to Food Product Traceability Materials Page

3 Definition of Food Product Traceability Internationally, Food Product Traceability has been defined as Tracing the movement of food products through one of multiple specified stages of production, processing and distribution (Codex Alimentarius Commission). More specifically, it involves the preparation and keeping of records on the shipment and storage of food products at each stage of production, processing and distribution etc., in order to be able to trace the routes and movements of food products. This is a mechanism whereby, in the event of problems such as food product incidents etc., the movements of food products can be identified from documentation etc., and can be traced and tracked, so that causes can be determined and food products can be smoothly recalled etc. Consumers Distribution State Distribution State Distribution State Distribution State Processing Stage Production Stage Trace problem food product route Determine Cause Discover issue here, for example Track routes of problem food products Food Product Recall Note: The food product traceability mechanism is different from efforts to provide information by displaying how food products were produced and manufactured (for example, information about agricultural chemicals, fertilizers or animal feed used etc., and the place of origin of raw materials etc.) to assist consumers in selecting food products. -1-

4 Food Product Incidents A manufacturer wants a certain lot to be recalled!. But since they don t know where the lot was sold, they have no choice but to request recalls from dozens of locations. Reason why Food Product Traceability is Needed Problems Allergenic buckwheat flour may be mixed into some products. Need to contact the client to recall the product. But it isn t possible to identify the range of products which have this problem, so all of the product needs to be recalled and replacements prepared. Complaints A retailer complains that a product isn t fresh! But the company isn t sure that it actually sold that product. It may have been sold much earlier. Inquiries A consumer asks When we got home from eating out my child didn t feel well. Were there any dairy products used, which my child is allergic to... No dairy products were used in the kitchen, but the processed foods used as ingredients may have included dairy products. T h i s is n o t s o m e b o d y e l s e s p r o b l e m! With the Traceability Mechanism... Can recall just the lots that need to be recalled! Because the number of locations where recalls are requested can be narrowed, there is no trouble for un-related locations. This also reduces the burden for the company in the recall. Respond quickly, and maintain the trust of business partners! In addition to quickly recalling problem products, replacements can also be delivered straight away. This makes it possible to maintain trust with business partners. Can track and investigate! Can determine whether the company sold the product, and when it was sold. If it was sold by the company, it is possible to check the company s records, contact the place of production, and investigate causes to determine who is responsible. Can immediately check whether dairy products were used in the processed food! It is possible to respond appropriately to consumers because records can be checked and suppliers can be made known of the raw materials in the processed food products. This makes it possible to maintain the trust of consumers. -2-

5 Food Product Traceability Mechanisms In Japan, the Beef Traceability Act and Rice Traceability Act have been enacted as the basis of traceability laws. The Food Sanitation Act also defines the mandated efforts of food business operators to create and save records on the sources and shipping and sales destinations of general food product (basic traceability). The EU and USA mandate that food business operators provide basic traceability of general food products. Japan EU USA Beef Traceability Act: Cattle, Beef Management of each individual cow with individual identification numbers. Mandates records and display of individual identification numbers when beef is sold. Rice Traceability Act: Rice, Processed Rice Products Mandates the sharing of information about the place of production, and the creation and saving of shipping records Food Sanitation Act: General Food Products (Mandates efforts at) creating and saving records on sources and shipping and sales destinations etc. General Food Act: General Food Products Mandates the ability to confirm the source and destination of shipments. Bioterrorism Act: General Food Products Mandates the creation and saving of records which confirm the source and destination of shipments. -3-

6 Beef Traceability Act: Special Measures Act on the Management and Sharing of Information on the Individual Identification of Cattle The Beef Traceability Act centralized the management of individual ID numbers for cattle to accurately implement measures against BSE epidemics, and promoted the provision of individual ID information to consumers and sharing individual ID numbers accurately through each stage from production to distribution and consumption. *Note that the Beef Traceability Act excludes production from significantly large quantities (eg. minced meat ) Cattle Operator etc. Attach Ear Tags Transfer Notice Individual ID No. Slaughterhouses Meat Wholesalers Slaughter Reports Display individual ID No. or Lot No. Individual ID No. or Lot No. Meat Retailers Specialized Cuisine Producers Display individual ID No. or Lot No. Individual ID No. or Lot No. Consumers etc. Birth, transfer reports etc. Slaughter reports 個体識別番号 : Individual ID No Cattle ID Register Individual ID No. on Sticker National Livestock Breeding Center Publication of information online -4-

7 Rice Traceability Act: Act on the sharing of production location information and the recording of information on rice transactions etc. The Rice Traceability Act In order to promptly identify distribution routes in the event of a problem, For businesses selling, importing, processing, manufacturing or providing rice etc., 1 The creation and preservation of rice transaction records 2 Sharing production location information with partners and consumers are mandated. Can know where products were produced Consumers Domestic Rice: Domestic etc. Foreign Rice: Produced in xxx etc. Share production location information Create and save shipping records, share production location information Producers Create and preserve shipping records Share production location information Create and Preserve Transaction Records From Oct 1, 2010 Rapidly identify distribution routes and make recalls in the event of a problem Sharing Product Location Information From July 1, 2011 Share Production Location Information with General Consumers Preserve arrival records and share production location information with consumers Retailers Restaurants etc. Create and preserve arrival records Share production location information Create and preserve arrival records Wholesalers Manufacturers Create and preserve shipping records Preserve shipping records and share production location information -5-

8 Content of Food Product Traceability Efforts by Food Product Businesses Efforts by food product business operators in food product traceability vary by industry and scale etc., and it is important that food product business operators proceed in stages depending on their circumstances. Measures are divided into the following step-by-step elements. 1Specifying arrival and shipping destinations : Basic efforts to create and preserve arrival and shipping records containing when, from where (to where), what and how much. Basic Traceability 2Identification of food products : Efforts to display and record Lot No. on stocks and products. 3Associating identified food products : Measures to create and preserve corresponding records for arrival destinations and arrival lots, arrival lots and production lots Internal Traceability, and shipping destinations and production lots. There are also traceability measures employed in cooperation between businesses at each stage of the food supply chain( Food Supply Train Traceability Measures ). Arrival destinations Lot A Lot B 1Specify arrival and shipping destinations * Can be addressed by preserving documents such as delivery slips etc. Arrival Record 1When, from where, what, how much Is recorded Display and Record 2 Lot No. On Stock 3Associate arrival destinations and arrival lots is recorded Food Business Operators 3Associate arrival lots with manufactured product lots Internal Traceability Lot A Lot B Lot a Lot b 3Associate identified food products Shipping Record 1When, from where, what, how much Is recorded Display and record 2 Lot No. On manufactured products 3Associate shipping destination and production lots Recorded Lot a Lot b 2Identify food products Shipping Destination -6-

9 Food Product Traceability Efforts (Distributors) The rates of efforts of distributors in food product traceability are about 90% in basic traceability and less than 50% in internal traceability. However, efforts are sluggish in the case of SMEs. Current State of Distributors, and Issues * From FY2011 Food Product Traceability Implementation and Preparation Business Report Issues facing mainly SMEs regarding expertise in addressing food product traceability Basic Traceability Efforts (Preservation of Arrival Records) 60% 0% 70% 20% 40% 80% 60% 90% 80% 100% 100% Efforts at Internal Traceability 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Overall 全体全体 Overall 全体 people 19 人人 or 以下 less 以下 people 19 人 or less 以下 概ねすべての食品で保存の取組をしている Already efforts for preservation of almost all the food product records 部分的に保存の Partial preservation 取組をしている efforts 保存の取組を No preservation していない efforts 概ねすべての食品で Already implemented for 取り組んでいる almost all food products Partial 部分的に preservation efforts 取り組んでいる 取り組んでいない No preservation efforts Issues Preservation of arrival records takes too much effort Not enough space to preserve documents No exchange of documents (cash transactions) Issues Increased workload Need new investment Don t know what to do -7-

10 Food Product Traceability Efforts (Producers) The rate of efforts at food product traceability (basic traceability) by producers (farmers and fishermen) has remained flat at about 70%. Current State of Producers * Source: Statistical Dept. From National Survey of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Information Exchange Network Businesses Efforts for the Preservation of Shipping Records for Agriculture, Livestock and Marine Products Reasons for not preserving Shipping Records (Multiple Response) <FY2014> FY 年度 Don t see the need to preserve shipping records 40.1% Preserving shipping records takes too much effort 32.5% 25 年度 FY Shipping agriculture, livestock and marine products, so documents not used 28.3% 26 年度 % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% FY2014 Already preserving almost all the products Partial preservation measures No preservation measures 概ねすべての品目で保存の取組をしている 部分的に保存の取組をしている 保存の取組をしていない Too many documents, and not enough space to store them 12.8% Other 16.0% Major Breakdown of Other Shipments are to agricultural or fisheries cooperatives, which preserve the documents Can t create shipping destination record because sales are direct Preserving records of value, but not quantities Keeping records, but they are not organized -8-

11 Positioning of Food Product Traceability Food product traceability expansion efforts are promoted by the Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas Basic Plan. Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas Basic Plan (Excerpt) (March 31, 2015 Cabinet Order) Article 3 Comprehensive and Planned Measures Aimed at Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas 1. Policies to ensure stable food supply (1)Ensure food safety and consumer confidence and correspond with international trends etc. 2 Ensure consumer reliability through the enhancement of food labeling information and appropriate displays etc. (First part omitted) Also operate appropriate traceability systems for rice sustainability. Also, promote the expansion of efforts to create and save arrival/shipping records, including the association of arrival and shipping goods by food product operators etc. -9-

12 Measures Promoting Food Product Traceability Efforts In order to continue to promote food product traceability efforts, measures are being taken to spread food product traceability in regional stages, and to support the food product traceability efforts of food business operators. Food Product Traceability Promotion Contracting Costs (FY2013-FY2015) Business Content Creation of Practical Manuals Given the various challenges of food business operators, including SMEs, and in order to provide detailed and direct resolutions, Practical Manuals are created, which include good practice based on the characteristics of the products and business categories etc. Contractors: Private Organizations Structure of Practical Manuals General Specific General Theory (FY2013) Meaning and impact of measures, glossary of terms etc. Practical Editions Methods for implementation by industry FY2013: manufacturing and processing, wholesale, and retail editions" FY2014: fisheries, restaurant and home meal replacement editions FY2015 (under preparation): agriculture, livestock editions Consumption and Safety Measures Grants (FY2010-FY2019) Business Content (1)Study of Promotion Measures etc. Develop promotion systems through the establishment of committees etc., and implement studies of promotion measures. (2)Implementation of Promotion Activities Implement promotion activities such as holding seminars and workshops, advanced study groups and verification testing throughout the food supply chain. (3)Implementation of Surveys Implementation of surveys etc. to confirm the state of creating and preserving records. Project Implementing Entities Prefectures, farmer and business organizations etc. Grant: up to 50% Implementation Methods Record forms etc. (to complement specific editions) -10-

13 Food Product Traceability Practical Manuals Practical Manuals are manuals which simply explain the meaning and impact of food product traceability and how to proceed with measures, by industry. Steps (Ex: Manufacturing and Processing Edition) Steps for Measures Impact when there is an issue Step 1 Specify arrival and shipping destinations Request total recall from all partners Step 2 Identify food products Make it easier to identify problem products Step 3 Associate identified food products Can narrow range of recalls, check in-house problem points and investigate causes. Organized into 3 steps so as to gradually build efforts Description of Elements of Efforts (Step 1 Arrival Records) Work Procedure (example) 〇 Create Arrival Record Example where company doesn t need to fill in Ex: Use invoice from arrival destination Shipping/ Inspection Step 1 1 Arrival Record Step 2 1 Stock identification Step 3 1 Associate arrival lots (raw materials) with destinations Receive invoice from arrival destination Storage Manufacturing/ Processing Storage Step 2 2 Identify manufactured products Step 3 2 Associate stock (raw materials) lots with manufactured products (internal traceability) Step 3 3 Easy to understand illustrations of how to proceed with steps at each element 〇 Storage of Arrival Records Confirm that the content of invoices and stock match (verify) (check for no discrepancies on 4 basic items) Eg. Bind invoices in files and store in locker Inspection/ Shipping Step 1 2 Shipping record Associate production lots with shipping destinations Features Measures are divided into three steps so that they can be gradually built up Many diagrams and illustrations are used to make it easy for SMEs to use Assumes that will be read by administrators responsible for creating and managing work procedures and records Each element of measures are described in diagrams and illustrations so that they can be understood visually -11-

14 Introduction to Food Product Traceability Materials The Ministry home page features pamphlets and practical manuals related to food product traceability, as well as manuals for business implementation and the results of awareness surveys about food product traceability. Pamphlet Practical Manuals General Fishing, manufacture and processing, wholesale, retail, restaurant, home meal replacement industry editions Practical Measures Home Page Address 問い合わせ先 : 農林水産省消費 安全局消費者行政課 TEL: FAX: 地方農政局など 地域 問い合わせ先 電話番号 地域 問い合わせ先 電話番号 地域 問い合わせ先 電話番号 北海道 北海道農政事務所消費生活課 北陸 北陸農政局消費生活課 中国四国 中国四国農政局消費生活課 東北 東北農政局消費生活課 東海 東海農政局消費生活課 九州 九州農政局消費生活課 関東関東農政局消費生活課 近畿近畿農政局消費生活課 沖縄沖縄総合事務局消費 安全課