Non-Piggable? Real-time. Pipeline Inspection Services. Multiple services, singular solutions. for the Oil, Gas & Petrochemical Industry

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1 Pipeline Inspection Services NonPiggable? PIGGING THE NONPIGGABLE A.Hak Industrial Services versatile Piglet system is aimed at inspecting the nonpiggable pipelines. Usually unpiggable features often found in relative short transfer pipelines like dual diameter, mitred bends, full bore unbarred teepieces and single entry setups are within the capabilities of this system and can be inspected using regular, high and ultrahigh resolutions. Combined with highly experienced field crews, a powerful integrated solution is available to warrant the integrity of previously nonpiggable pipelines. Realtime Multiple services, singular solutions for the Oil, Gas & Petrochemical Industry

2 Intelligent pig inspection systems are important tools to manage the integrity of pipelines. An intelligent pig survey enables the operator responsible for the integrity of the pipeline, to assess the failure risk due to metal loss corrosion using the findings of the inspection survey. However, depending on their origin, not all pipelines can be inspected using intelligent pig technology. NONPIGGABLE PIPELINES At the time many pipelines were laid, pigging and inspection services were not considered. Pipes were laid to transport the product and how the pipeline was constructed was of minor importance. This means that the majority of these pipelines were built without launching/receiving facilities, were of varying diameters and contained mitred bends etc, making normal pigging techniques impossible. Modern day pipelines are constructed using special design codes (DEP s), which include such launching/receiving facilities and allow ultrasonic or other inline inspection techniques to be utilized. These codes have not commonly been applied for the relative short connection lines like transport pipeline to storage tanks, which means that these lines, being of standard design, are not piggable. Incidentally, most of the problems occur in these relative short pipelines, due to lack of protection. In addition, the ownership of these pipelines is often not clearly defined and a lack of responsibility can be observed. This implies that the integrity program for these pipelines is of less importance than the larger/longer production pipelines. INSPECTION Policies have changed over the years. As uptime becomes increasingly precious, replacement increasingly expensive and external and internal integrity demands more stringent, inspection of these lines has become more important. A.Hak Industrial Services has been active in the field of nonpiggable pipeline inspection since the mid 90s and has developed specialized tools, methods and equipment to allow inspection of even the most challenging lines. The most common components of nonpiggable pipelines are: Pipeline dimensions (length, diameter, wall thickness, dual diameter) Pipe material (SS, ductile, exotic materials, GRE, coatings, linings) Bend restrictions (forged bends.5 D, one cut mitre bends, mitred bends, backtoback bends) Offtakes (unbarred tees, reduced tees, sphere, laterals) Offset junctions (diverters, convergence angle, bores) Valves (Inline block valves, check valves) No entrance point or single entry (availability of launchers and receivers) Examples of such pipelines are: Loading lines Offplot pipelines Onplot piping/pipelines Tankfarm connection lines Transfer piping in petrochemical plants INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS A.Hak Industrial Services offers a unique range of integrated services to provide each challenge a suitable solution. Since each pipeline is unique, standard technologies and services are not always adequate. The majority of pipelines have been designed without contemplation of intelligent pigging, or even any pigging at all. Over the years, A.Hak Industrial Services has specialized in nonpiggable pipelines and has formed a unique concept, based on extensive experience in the field. Our highly skilled and knowledgeable team aims to find one solution for any challenge a client presents to us. Decades of experience combined with cutting edge technology allows us to find creative solutions for specific challenges, while simultaneously providing customized technical solutions and adaptive field application. Highend engineering enables us to develop custom tools and equipment, while a certified, well trained and seasoned group of field engineers can apply these solutions anywhere in the world. ADAPTIVE APPROACH A wide variety of pigging materials is available on stock, including temporary pig traps ranging from 4" to 44", as well as a wide variety of pumping equipment to allow pigging of small to large diameter pipelines. Customized equipment for projectspecific solutions can be designed, engineered and fabricated inhouse and is aimed at a safe, efficient and adaptive fulfilment of our client s requirements. Inhouse training solutions and pigging facilities allow applications to be tested and staff to be trained, thus providing a complete package to the field. Since documentation of nonpiggable pipelines is rarely documented, our field engineers are trained to provide onsite solutions to the pipeline s specific challenges. AIMING FOR RESULTS Field crews provide a critical link to allow hightech equipment to be effective in challenging conditions. The highly motivated and skilled field crews of A.Hak Industrial Services are regarded among the best in the world in pigging project management and adaptive pigging solutions. Each challenge adds to our extensive experience with nonpiggable pipelines. Solutions include chemical and mechanical cleaning to allow the best possible inspection results as well as an integrated approach throughout the pipeline s lifecycle, from pipeline commissioning to decommissioning and abandonment. A.Hak Industrial Services provides custom engineering, pigging solutions, hightech research and software solutions to match our client s needs. This has lead to the ongoing development of pigging and inspection equipment and services which are aimed at providing insight into the integrity of nonpiggable pipelines, ranging from 4" to 64" and located from subsea offshore to remote areas around the world. This includes dual diameter solutions, single entry configurations, as well as ultrahighresolution equipment that can be applied anywhere in the world at any time. As a result, our services, including custom pig design, fabrication and engineering, project management, onsite pumping and pigging, subcontracting, ultrasonic inspection, defect assessment, FFP reporting and pipeline integrity management solutions, can all be provided as one integrated package. Project management Engineering Pigging operations Inline inspection One solution worldwide Intergrity assessment

3 7 INSPECTION EQUIPMENT AND PARAMETERS 7. Inspection settings report ame UT head SN Transducer Mirror type / lectro pod SN Computer SN Calibration information type SN nalogue amplification Total window length D conversion Ground offset D efault amplification Level Hold off Delay ffset trigger delay Variable trigger delay Level etection threshold Length trigger window Length pre trigger nable data detect L evel Detect ata window start Data window length frequency Rob van Hees UHD Mhz 0.375" TNO 8 " PDE 0608 DAU 40 µs 20 MHz 9 mv % 230 µs 26 µs 39.9 µs Off On 5 % Below µs 5.00 µs Off 6 N8 gas pipeline F ile D ate Pipeline Size Material Nom. Wall Thickness Inner diameter Min wall thickness ax wall thickness Min inner radius Min amplitude IW Max amplitude IW Min amplitude BW Max amplitude BW Calculation method Start Length Sound velocity liquid Start 2 Length 2 Sound velocity pipe wall AMP IW Threshold AMP BW Threshold Clock direction Clock position offset Offset distance Software version 5960 c803a00.ra N8 6" steel 2.7, 52.4 mm 4.00 m m m 0.00 % % % MinMax 5.00 % % 3.00 CCW 35 deg 0.00 m settings listed in the table are the combined results of three determinables: cifications figuration ction calibration 3.40 Anomaly no. Log distance (m) Joint no. Average t / joint (mm) verage radius / joint (mm) Average percentage of successful measurements / joint (%) A age reliability / joint (0) ength (m) e type i dentification dimension class r l r y Ave Joint Featu Feature Anomal omments Report for Anomaly 2 with identification Corrosion located at log distance m Anomaly Corrosion General ternal Min. wt to be Width (mm) Length (mm) Remaining t (mm) Mean anomaly depth (%) Maximum anomaly depth (%) Up weld distance (m) Clock position (h:min) Reliability (0) Defect as PSafe (MPa) ERF Defect assessment comment name <= : Present operating pressure acceptable for this anomaly S00484_36.jpg; Pushpull Can be used without launcher. EFFECTIVE SOLUTIONS To provide a suitable solution for the inspection of nonpiggable pipelines, A.Hak Industrial Services has developed the Piglet a highly versatile inspection tool on a mobile platform for use anywhere in the world on short notice. For maximum flexibility, the system applies a contactfree ultrasonic measuring head that is able to scan the full surface of the pipe wall, whereby highresolution options can be realized seamlessly. The ultrasonic system is based on direct ultrasonic measurement with time of flight (TOF) measurement so that absolute wall thickness data can be gathered. This allows a full overview of any wallthickness reductions that may impact the pipeline s integrity. Pig tracking & benchmarking.5 D backtoback Simultaneously, the centralized setup of the UThead allows measurement of the pipeline s geometry, detecting any deformation (like ovalities, dents and buckles) easily. This is critical when thirdparty damage may be applicable. To allow the best possible interpretation, the system stores the raw Ascan data of each measurement. This enables a detailed analysis of defects, allowing reevaluation and preventing errors due to algorithm induced analysis. SAFE AREA Temporary pig traps 4"44" Unbarred tee Results Ascans Bscans Pipe elevation Pipe geometry Inspection The system can be utilized freeswimming as well as tethered, for realtime observation of the inspection and shortterm feedback on the results. This means immediate decisionmaking onsite is possible. Realtime data observation Reducer For the inspection of short pipe sections without the need for temporary pigging and pumping equipment, A.Hak Industrial Services has developed a handfed, pushpull system which can be applied with minimum downtime and yield results instantly. Optic fiber Data analyses/final reporting Client : Pipeline : 6 N8 gas Report No. : ISP2080_03_FR, Rev. 0 Date : Pumping & pigging equipment INSPECTION SETTINGS between V250 and middle of the subsea valve Project Nr ISP2080 Location Gannet A Platform N w Function Inspection supervisor 3 Equipment information Calibration subject information Amplification (847) 3.9 kohm Outer diameter 77.8, 8.0, 87.4 mm E 4.3, 7.5 mm Receiver Module VT4025M SM IFS Coupling medium treated sea water Hardware settings Display preferences Measurements/ Rev 08 rev m Measurements/ Sec 2300 sec M m A m Acquisition settings Max inner radius mm A 00 % Detection settings Calculation settings Detection threshold Above Inner wall reflections O 505 m/s Variable trigger delay Back wall reflections D m/s Start trigger window Success threshold settings st window 0.00 µs st window 3.00 µs Serial data detection Location preferences E Clock settings D Distance settings nd window.40 µs nd window 5.00 µs val.25 µs Distance per pulse 75 mm al.00 µs Software properties calibration has been executed in three phases, each of them determining a parameter of ings. Each of the phases of the calibration has been executed according to the appl icable determined parameters are: r delay: to compensate equipment specific variables ity of inspection medium: to allow accu rate calculation of the inner radius y pipe wall material: to allow accura te calculation of the wall thickness vices B.V., Pipeline Inspectio n Services, Steenoven 26, 496 HG Tricht, The Netherlands, +3 (0) , sales@ahakis.com Page 9 of 59 Surface location Ex C reviewed Feature scan sessment method ASMEB3.G

4 REALTIME INSPECTION DATA A.Hak Industrial Services versatile inspection platform Piglet allows a tethered application using a fiber optic umbilical. This allows inspections of up to 29 km or 8 miles* to be observed and assessed in realtime. Since the Piglet uses a hairthin umbilical, the usual restrictions do not apply the system can negotiate the most complex pipelines while maintaining a realtime connection. The number of bends and fixtures through which the system can pass is limitless. The realtime observation of the inspection means that an immediate assessment of the inspection can be made as well as providing instant access to the inspection data. In this way, a review can be made onsite and any significant defects that could impact on the line s production capability and safety can be reported. The system allows configurations to cope with inherent nonpiggable features like pipeline bore restrictions (dual diameter), full bore unbarred teepieces, mitred bends and so on. It can be configured in bidirectional mode to allow singleentry usage, all while maintaining the capability to fully inspect the pipeline s wall and geometry. FREESWIMMING APPLICATION The system allows application in batches or other situations where an umbilical is impractical or impossible to use. It is fitted with onboard memory for the storage of all raw measurements, therefore providing the flexibility to evaluate the measurement manually if needed. Since the umbilical length is not a restriction in such situations, longer lines can be inspected while maintaining the full capabilities to review the Ascans of all measurements. In case of hardtoreach or undocumented pipelines, a combination with aboveground markers (AGMs) makes it easy to find defect locations. This prevents the need for large digups to allow for repairs or replacement. ONSITE AND FINAL REPORTING A.Hak Industrial Services can offer fast, onsite reporting of your pipeline s condition as well as the final report, which will be carried out afterwards. The data recorded during the inspection is verified in multiple independent stages for completeness and quality. The data contains the raw ultrasonic signal for highly accurate data analysis and it is only after data post processing that the data can be presented in a comprehensive way to the client. This processing takes place in several phases:. Automated data analysis and wall thickness measurements using advanced software algorithms. 2. Detailed analysis of features and anomalies. 3. Corrosion growth analysis (in case of a repeated inspection) 4. Report compilation (digital and hardcopy) Detailed analysis utilizes various tools to optimize the reliability of the information extracted from the data, such as A, B and Cscans as well as radial crosssection views. The data analysis software has been built inhouse and is improved on continuously. All analysis and reporting functionality complies with the Pipeline Operator Forum s specifications and requirements. FITFORPURPOSE AND DEFECT ASSESSMENT During data analysis and final reporting we carry out a defect assessment as standard, and can also offer fitforpurpose reporting if required. The most commonly used defect assessment method is ASME B3.G, the purpose of which is to calculate the safe operating pressure (Psafe) of each corrosion anomaly. Using these safe operating pressures and the maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP), an estimated repair factor (ERF) of each corrosion anomaly is reported to the client, which indicates the necessity for intervention. A corrosion anomaly is acceptable if the ERF is equal or less than one, and requires repair or derating (lowering of the MAOP) if the ERF is greater than one. The anomalies are plotted along with a defect assessment curve, where the curve represents an ERF of one. All anomalies below the curve are acceptable and anomalies above the curve require repair or pressure derating. The defect assessment curve is dependent on the calculation method of Psafe (ASME B3.G, Modified B3.G, RSTRENG, SHELL92, or DNV), in addition to other parameters such as the MAOP, the pipe diameter, the pipe wall thickness and the pipe material specifications. A client version of the data analysis software is supplied to the customer together with the report and with this software, the inspection results can be reviewed. After data post processing of a project is complete, all data is backedup on tape for future analysis, including corrosion growth analysis in case of reinspections. Defect width (A) Circumferential slotting Circumferential grooving General 2 Pitting Axial grooving Axial slotting * maximum length depending on diameter Pinhole Defect length (A)

5 EXTENDED LIFESPAN Although installations and systems might have been designed for a certain lifespan, it is worthwhile to study the feasibility of extending the operational life of systems. Increased regulations require such systems to be fully accounted for regarding their integrity. As a tankfarm reached it s designed endoflife age, A.Hak Industrial Services was challenged to provide insight into the integrity of the underground connecting pipelines which were 24", 28" and 30" in diameter without shutting down the tankfarm s operations. Since the connecting pipeworks were never designed to allow pigging, a nonpiggable approach was selected to allow the pipelines to be inspected and, consequently, recertified. Together with the client, an integral plan was developed, combining hydrostatic testing, mechanical cleaning, inline ultrasonic inspection and defect validation, to be performed periodically so that corrosion growth could be monitored. The result was a package that assured governing bodies of the integrity of the system and allowed the tankfarm to remain operational for the years to come, all with minimum impact on it s ongoing operations. A.Hak Industrial Services B.V. Steenoven HG Tricht P.O. Box CD Geldermalsen The Netherlands T +3 (0) F +3 (0) sales@ahakis.com A.Hak Industrial Services. All rights reserved. SBNPPE.0..3