Seven Quality Control Tools

Transcription

1 Seven Quality Control Tools Workbook 7QC Overview Learn what Quality Control is as well as what the 7QC Tools are. A workbook intended to accompany the Facilitator s Guides for this course. This guide includes the Key Points from the video, discussion items, quiz questions, and helpful tips. Using Gemba Academy s online learning content, any participant can use this workbook to facilitate learning in all courses. July 2017

2 Review What is Quality Control? As defined by Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa: Quality control consists of developing, designing, producing, marketing, and servicing, products and services with optimum and usefulness, which customers will purchase with. Quality control is far more than visually inspecting parts at the end of the assembly line. Total quality control spreads the principles of quality control to all facets of the organization, including front offices. The Benefits of Quality Control When quality control becomes a way of life, the number of defective will decrease while customer satisfaction increases, leading to enhanced trust and loyalty. From an internal perspective, consistent quality control lowers for the company, since people aren t wasting time reworking parts and waiting for good parts to be produced; as such, profits increase year after year. Introduction to the Seven Quality Control Tools Background: Dr. Walter Shewhart and Dr. W. Edwards Deming introduced quality control to the Japanese economy in the 1930 s and 40 s. Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa then expanded the use of these tools and codified them as the Seven Quality Control Tools. 1. The : data are expressed to easily compare quantities or quantity changes. It s also useful for arranging data, sharing information with others, and making judgements. 2. The Sheet: tables are used to arrange data by type. We can use these to check if jobs are completed without problems, and to prevent mistakes from happening at all. 1

3 3. The Chart: classifies problems and defects by type in the order of quantities and shows the cumulative total. It s often used for checking a problem or defect to be highlighted for solution, and it helps us identify where the problem is. The Pareto Chart takes its name from Wilfredo Pareto, the Italian economist who developed the rule. 4. The Diagram: sometimes called the Fishbone Diagram, it systematically arranges the results of effects and the factors that influence them, allowing us to clarify causes and their potential influences on the problem. 5. The Diagram: used to explain the correlation between variables by plotting corresponding data. This helps us understand the relationship between two variables and whether or not they re associated or correlated with each other. Note that correlation does not necessarily mean causation: building more liquor stores in an expanding town will not necessarily cause more churches to be built. 6. The : a graphical display of numerical data in the form of upright bars, used to learn how much variation or spread a dataset contains. When we add customer specification limits, we re able to calculate Cp and Cpk, which tells us how well our process meets customer requirements. 7. The Chart: used to judge the situation of quality values against control limits in order to check the stability of a process. It also helps us understand whether we re dealing with common cause or special cause variation, which is extremely important to know as we work to control quality across all levels of the organization. 2

4 Quiz 1. Which of the items below are benefits of quality control? Select all that apply. Customer satisfaction will increase Number of defective products will decrease Increases overtime Lowers costs for the company 2. Dr. Walter Shewhart and Dr. W. Edwards Deming were the first people to introduce quality control to Japan. True False 3. The picture below is best described as a. Pareto Chart Histogram Graph Cause & Effect Matrix 4. Wilfredo Pareto, the Italian economist, was the first to identify the so-called rule invented the tool we now call the cause-and-effect diagram/fishbone. Dr. Walter Shewhart Dr. W. Edwards Deming Dr. Genchi Taguchi Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa 3

5 6. Correlation does not automatically mean causation. True False 7. What type of chart is shown in the image below? Cp Run Control Process Capability 4

6 Reflection How would you benefit from using the tools you ve learned about in this module? In what situations can you imagine using which tools? 5