TERRA Environmental Research Institute

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1 TERRA Environmental Research Institute MATHEMATICS FCAT PRACTICE STRAND 5 Data Analysis and Probability Measures of Central Tendency Bar, Line, and Circle Graphs Stem-and-Leaf Plots Scatter and Box-and-Whisker Plots Sampling Methods and Frequency Tables Counting Procedures Probability Analyze and Interpret Data SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS AND BENCHMARKS MA.E MA.E MA.E MA.E MA.E MA.E MA.E.3.4.2

2 TIPS Mean: average. Add the values in a set of data and then divide by the number of values. Median: the middle number in a set of data after it is arranged in ascending or descending order. Mode: the value that occurs most often in a set of data. A set may have one mode, no mode, or more than one mode. The purpose of graphs of to show numerical data using a visual display. Graphs must include the following: a title, labels for the axes, correct spacing, and the data. Some types of graphs are: Line Graphs Bar Graphs Circle Graphs A Stem-and-Leaf plot gives you a picture of the data while displaying the individual numbers that make up the data set. It is organized in two columns. The first column contains the stems (the tens digits and sometimes greater digits of the numbers in the data set). The second column contains the leaves (the ones digits of each number). A Scatter Plot is another way to graph data by plotting individual points on a grid. On some scatter plots, the data points form a pattern by clustering around a trend line called the line of best fit. If this line moves upward from left to right, there is a positive correlation. If this line moves downward from left to right, there is a negative correlation. If there is no line of best fit, there is no correlation. A Box-and-Whisker Plot shows the median and extremes of a set of data. The box shows the distribution from the lower to upper quartile, and the median is marked with a segment. The whiskers show the extreme values of the data. Counting Problems: make an organized list of the possibilities. Permutations-when order is important. Multiply the number of possibilities of the first event by the number of the second event, and so on. n! Combinations-when order is not important. ncr = (n items taken r at a time). ( n r)! r! Hint: whenever the problem deals with committees or groups of people, use combinations. Probability: a ratio comparing the number of favorable outcomes to the number or possible outcomes. It can be expressed as a fraction, decimal, or percent. To analyze and interpret data accurately, make sure you read the title and labels on tables and graphs. Pay close attention to the scales on the graph. Add your own notes as we practice with the following problems. 1

3 FCAT PRACTICE - STRAND 5 Student Name Date Current Math Teacher 1) At the close of the stock market on Monday, the value of a certain stock was $12.00 per share. By the close on Tuesday, the value of the stock went up 50% per share. At the close on Wednesday, the value of the stock was down 5% per share from Tuesday s closing value. Complete Parts A, B, and C. (On answer sheet) Part A: Determine the value of the stock at closing on Tuesday and Wednesday. Show all work necessary to justify your answer. Part B: Determine the total percent change in the value of the stock from Monday to Wednesday. Show all work necessary to justify your answer. Part C: Make a line graph that show the trend in the value of the stock at the close of the stock market on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday. Be sure to include: a title for the graph, labels for the axes, appropriate and consistent scales, and accurately graphed data. 2) It took Byron 90 minutes, at an average rate of 50 miles per hour, to drive home from a business trip. Which of these graphs best represents Byron s drive home? 3) The Regal High Debate Club qualified for the state meet. How many possible two-member debate teams can be formed from a pool of six students in the Regal High Debate Club? A. 720 B. 360 C. 30 D. 15 2

4 4) The four members of an a cappella singing group, two men and two women, always stand in a row when they sing. If they line up in random order, what is the probability that a woman will be at each end of the row? A. 1 2 B. 1 6 C D ) A geneticist studying twins read that fraternal twins occur in 1 out of every 80 births. In a sample of 560 mothers-to-be, how many would be expected to give birth to fraternal twins? A. 1 7 B C. 7 D. 70 6) A nutritionist has a female client who has been inactive, but plans to begin swimming one hour each day. This change in her level of activity will result in her daily energy requirement increasing by the same amount she expends swimming. According to the information below, what will be the woman s new daily energy requirement in kilojoules (kj) after she begins swimming one hour each day? 7) Michael has the following test scores in his science class: 100, 78, 84, 85, 91, and 96. What is his mean test score? 8) Suppose you flip a fair coin four times. What is the probability that you will get four tails? Write the probability as a fraction. 3

5 9) A snack machine has 2 kinds of fruit, 3 kinds of chips, and 6 kinds of sodas. If Len buys 1 piece of fruit, 1 bag of chips, and 1 soda, how many combinations can he choose from? 10) Michelle priced the same DVD movie at five stores. The prices were $19.95, $15.99, $8.79, $12.39, and $9.99. What is the median price? Grid in your answer without the dollar sign. 11) A running shoe manufacturer is offering a new model of women s shoe for sale in a limited number of shoe sizes. Sales data are shown in the table below: Shoe Size Number Sold Based on the number sold, which shoe size is the mode? ) Based on the line graph shown here, what is the best temperature prediction for May? A. 35 B. 58 C. 60 D ) Which of the following is a true statement about the bar graph below? A. The value of A is twice B s value. B. The value of A is twice C s value. C. The value of A is four times C s value. D. The value of B is twice C s value. 14) The scatter plot shows the ticket sales for a popular movie over a 10-week period. Which statement best describes the relationship? A. There is a positive correlation. B. There is a negative correlation. C. There is no correlation. D. A correlation cannot be determined. 4

6 15) Which is a true statement about the data displayed on the box-and-whisker plot to the right? A. The median for Team A s data is equal to the median for Team s B data. B. The data for Team A has a greater range than the data for Team B. C. The lower quartile for Team A is equal to the lower quartile for Team B. D. The number of items in Team A s data set equals the number for Team B. 16) The circle graph shows the budget for a school play. If $360 is spent on royalties, how much money is spent on the entire budget? 17) The stem-and-leaf plot shows the number of home runs hit by a baseball player during his first 19 seasons. What is the smallest number of home runs hit by the player during a single season? 18) How many different ways can you arrange five books on a shelf? 19) A 6-sided die is rolled once. What is the probability of rolling a 3 or higher? 20) The box below contains black and white marbles. One marble is drawn and not replaced. Then a second marble is drawn. What is the probability that both marbles drawn will be white? 5

7 FCAT PRACTICE STRAND 5 - ANSWER SHEET Student Name Date Current Math Teacher: 1) Part A: Determine the value of the stock at closing on Tuesday and Wednesday. Show all work necessary to justify your answer. Value on Tuesday Value on Wednesday Part B: Determine the total percent change in the value of the stock from Monday to Wednesday. Show all work necessary to justify your answer. Total percent change Part C: Make a line graph that shows the trend in the value of the stock at the close of the stock market on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday. Be sure to include: a) a title for the graph, b) labels for the axes, c) appropriate and consistent scales, and d) accurately graphed data. 6

8 2) A B C D 3) A B C D 4) A B C D 5) A B C D 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) A B C D 13) 14) 15) 16) 17) 18) 19) 20) 7