Institute of Certified Management Accountants of Sri Lanka Managerial Level May 2016 Examination. Integrative Management Accounting (IMA / ML 1-301)

Transcription

1 Copyright Reserved Serial No Institute of Certified Management Accountants of Sri Lanka Managerial Level May 2016 Examination Examination Date : 14 th May 2016 Number of Pages : 06 Examination Time: 9.30 a:m p:m. Number of Questions: 05 Instructions to candidates: 1. Time allowed is three (3) hours. 2. Total: 100 Marks. 3. Answer all questions in Part I and any three (3) questions from Part II. 4. The answers should be in English Language. Subject Subject Code Integrative Management Accounting (IMA / ML 1-301) PART I Question No. 01 (40 Marks) ABC is a small company that manufactures wooden windows for local builders. The company has been assigning overhead costs to products on direct labour hours (DLHs) basis. However, the company has now assigned overhead costs to products on activity-based costing (ABC) after the managing director became interested in that. ABC designing created four activity cost pools. Activity cost pools and their cost drivers are given below. Activity Cost Pool Cost Drivers No. of Activities for the year Making windows Direct labour hours 100,000 DLHs Processing order Number of orders 2,000 orders Customer relations Number of customers 100 customers Other (costs of idle capacity and organization-sustaining costs) none Not applicable The Processing Orders activity cost pool includes order taking, job setup, job scheduling, and so on. Direct materials and direct labour are assigned to jobs in both the traditional and activity-based costing systems. The total overhead cost (both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing) for the year is Rs.1,370,000/- and includes the following costs. Manufacturing Overhead Indirect factory wages 400,000 Production equipment depreciation 300,000 Other factory costs 80,000 Total 780,000 Non-Manufacturing Overheads Administrative wages and salaries 300,000 Office expenses 40,000 Marketing expenses 250,000 Total 590,000 Rs. Institute of Certified Management Accountants of Sri Lanka 1

2 Based on interview with employees, the distribution of resource consumption across the activities has been estimated as follows. Distribution of Resources consumption across activities Making Windows Processing Orders Customer Relations Other Indirect factory wages 30% 40% 10% 20% Production equipment depreciation 90% 0% 0% 10% Other factory costs 30% 0% 0% 70% Administrative wages and salaries 0% 20% 30% 50% Office expenses 0% 30% 10% 60% Marketing expenses 0% 0% 60% 40% Management is particularly interested in measuring the profitability of two customers, namely, Kumar Builders, a low-volume purchaser and western Homes, relatively a high-volume purchaser. Details of these two customers orders for the year are given below. Kumar Builders Western Homes Number of orders during the year 2 3 Total direct labour hours 300 2,000 Total Sales (Rs.) 12,500 68,000 Total direct materials (Rs.) 4,200 18,500 Total direct labour cost (Rs.) 5,400 36,000 You are required to: (a) Define activity-based costing? (02 Marks) (b) Explain why activity based costing is not used for external reporting. The company s traditional costing system applied manufacturing overhead to jobs using DLHs. Using the traditional approach: (i) Compute the pre-determined manufacturing overhead rate. (ii) Compute the total margin for all the windows ordered by Kumar Builders for Western Homes separately. (d) Using the activity-based costing: (i) Allocate the costs of activities to costs pools. (ii) Compute the activity rates for the activity cost pools. (iii) Compute the overhead costs of serving each of the customers. (iv) Prepare a report showing the margin on business with each of the customers. (e) Do the traditional and activity-based costing systems agree on the profitability of the customers? If not, indicate with reasons which costing system is better? (Total 40 Marks) End of Part I Institute of Certified Management Accountants of Sri Lanka 2

3 PART II Answer any three (3) questions Question No. 02 (20 Marks) Captain sports Limited commenced trading two months ago and provides a range of fitness activities for customers. Facilities include a 25 meter swimming pool, two squash courts, an outdoor soccer pitch, a large fully equipped gymnasium, a multi-purpose activity hall, and aerobics studio. The company has already received bookings for most of its facilities but not decided what activities to run in the aerobics studio. Two proposals have been put forward, a mixed ability circuits class or a dance fitness class. Details relating to both activities are as follows. Mixed ability circuits Dance fitness Price charged per class (Rs.) Annual insurance (Rs.) 1,200,000 1,200,000 Music and royalty license fees (Rs. per class) Other facility costs (electricity, administration, etc.) (Rs.) 253, ,600 Instructor cost (Rs.) 5,000 per class 330,000 per year Expected number of participants per class You are required to: (a) For each type of class: (i) Calculate the breakeven points in sales revenue. (ii) Calculate the number of classes to be held If Captain Sports Limited requires a profit of Rs.100,000/-. (08 Marks) (b) Calculate the number of classes to be held in mixed ability circuits class to equate its profit to dance fitness class, assuming that the price per class is Rs. 700/- for each type of class. The company is considering paying the mixed ability circuits instructor a fixed fee of Rs.260,000/- for the year instead of a fee per class. Calculate the effect of change on the breakeven point in sales revenue. Should the company make this change? Question No. 03 (20 Marks) ADB plc has a Valve Division that manufactures and sells a standard valve. Information given below is relates to the Valve Division. Capacity of in units 100,000 Selling price to outside customers (Rs.) 3,000 Variable costs per unit (Rs.) 1,600 Fixed cost per unit (based on capacity) (Rs.) 900 The company has a Pump Division that could use this valve in one of its pumps. The Pump Division is currently purchasing 10,000 valves per year from an overseas supplier at a cost of Rs.2,900/- per valve. Institute of Certified Management Accountants of Sri Lanka 3

4 You are required to: (a) (b) (d) (e) Briefly explain the functional organizational structure and divisionalized organizational structure. (02 Marks) State two (2) advantages and two (2) disadvantages of divisionalized organizational structure. Assume that the Valve Division has ample idle capacity to handle all of the Pump Division s needs. What is the acceptable range, if any, for the transfer between the two divisions? Assume that the Valve Division is selling all of the valves that can produce to outside customers. What is the acceptable range, if any, for the transfer price between the two divisions? Assume that the Valve Division is selling all of the valves that it can produce to outside customers. Also assume that Rs.300/- in variable expenses can be avoided on transfers within the company, due to reduced selling costs. What is the acceptable range, if any, for the transfer price between the two divisions? Question No. 04 (20 Marks) KSB Ltd is an importer of novelty products. The company is considering two new alternative products which are having short economic life. The details are as follows. Alternative 1 would involve heavy initial advertising and the employment of a large number of agents. The directors expect that an immediate cash outflow of Rs.100 million would be required (cost of advertising) which would produce a net cash inflow after one year of Rs.255 million. Agents commission, amounting to Rs.158 million, would have to be paid at the end of two years. Alternative 2 would involve a lower outlay on advertising. The cost of advertising cost of Rs.50 million is expected to be paid immediately. Further no use of agents. It would produce net cash inflows of zero after one year and Rs. 42 million at the end of each of the subsequent two years. Mr. Kamal Weeratunga, a director of KSB Ltd, comments, I generally favour the payback method for choosing between investment alternatives such as these. However, I am worried that the advertising expenditure under the second alternative will reduce our reported profit next year by an amount not compensated by any net revenues from sale of the product that year. For that reason I do not think we should even consider the second alternative The cost of capital of KSB Ltd is 20% per annum. The directors do not expect capital or any other resource to be in short supply during the next three years. You are required to: (a) Explain briefly the theory of capital budgeting. (b) Explain the difference between Payback Method and Net present Value Method. Calculate the net present value for the two alternatives. (d) Advise the directors of KSB Ltd which, if either, method of promotion they should adopt, explaining the reasons for your advice and noting any additional information you think would be helpful in making the decision. Institute of Certified Management Accountants of Sri Lanka 4

5 Question No. 05 (20 Marks) James Moody established a gourmet food business last year and to date it has achieved good sales but a small profit. While attending a recent business networking event, James was advised to consider employing a management accountant to enhance and improve his business. He would like to understand why management accounting has become so important to achieving business success and how it differs from financial accounting. James is also keen to know how employing a management accountant could improve his business. You are required to prepare a briefing note for James Moody which: (a) Outlines the changes in the business environment that have contributed to the growth and importance of management accounting. (b) Differentiates between financial accounting and management accounting. Describes how the employment of a management accountant could enhance and improve a business. (08 Marks) End of Part II Institute of Certified Management Accountants of Sri Lanka 5

6 Present value table Present value of 1.00 unit of currency, that is (1 + r) -n where r = interest rate; n = number of periods until payment or receipt. Periods (n) Interest rates (r) 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% % Interest rates (r) Periods (n) 11% 12% 13% 14% 15% 16% 17% 18% 19% 20% End of Question Paper Institute of Certified Management Accountants of Sri Lanka 6