FIRM SUPPLY: MARKET STRUCTURE & PERFECT COMPETITION

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "FIRM SUPPLY: MARKET STRUCTURE & PERFECT COMPETITION"

Transcription

1 FIRM SUPPLY: MARKET STRUCTURE & PERFECT COMPETITION

2 Firm Supply How does a firm decide how much to supply at a given price? This depends upon the firm s goals; technology; market environment; and competitors behaviour.

3 Market Environment Are there many other firms? How do other firms decisions effect the firm s payoffs?

4 Market Environment Monopoly: Just one seller that determines the quantity supplied/the market-clearing price. Oligopoly: A very small number of firms, the decision of each influencing the payoffs of the other firms.

5 Market Environment Dominant Firm: Many firms, but one much larger than the rest. The large firm s decisions affect the payoffs of each small firm. Decisions by any one small firm do not noticeably effect the payoffs of any other firm.

6 Market Environment Monopolistic Competition: Many firms each making a slightly different product. Each firm s output level is small relative to the total. Perfect Competition: Many firms, all making the same product. Each firm s output level is very small relative to the total output level.

7 Perfect Competition Assumptions There are many buyers and sellers, each firm is a price-taker Homogeneous product Freedom of entry and exit Perfect information

8 2 Reasons Why Perfect Competition is Important (1) Many markets are reasonably approximated by it. Commodity markets Stock exchanges Retail (some wholesale) (2) Used as a benchmark by which other market structures are judged.

9 Perfect Competition What is the demand curve faced by the firm?

10 P Perfect Competition Market Supply p e Market Demand Q

11 P Perfect Competition p p e p Market Supply At a price of p, zero is demanded from the firm. Market Demand Q At a price of p the firm faces the entire market demand.

12 Perfect Competition Therefore, the demand curve faced by the individual firm is...

13 Perfect Competition P Market Supply P P* P* Market Demand Q q Firm s Demand Curve

14 The Firm s Short-Run Supply Decision? Each firm is a profit-maximizer Each firm choose its output level by solving: max ( q) pq c( q) q 0 What does the solution q* look like?

15 The Firm s Short-Run Supply Decision? ) ( ) ( max 0 q c pq q q (q) q q* 0 ) ( ) ( ) ( q MC p dq q d i * ) ( ) ( q q at dq q d ii F.O.C. S.O.C.

16 The Firm s Short-Run Supply Decision? The first-order maximum profit condition is: d ( q) p MC( q) 0 dq That is, p MC So at a profit maximum with q* > 0, the market price p equals the marginal cost of production at q = q*.

17 The Firm s Short-Run Supply Decision? P p e q MC(q) q* q At q = q*, p = MC and MC slopes upwards, q = q* is profitmaximizing.

18 P The Firm s Short-Run Supply Decision? p e q MC(q) q* At q = q, p = MC and MC slopes downwards, q = q is profitminimizing. q

19 P The Firm s Short-Run Supply Decision? p e q MC(q) q* q So a profitmaximising supply level can lie only on the upwards sloping part of the firm s MC curve.

20 The Firm s Short-Run Supply Decision? But not every point on the upward-sloping part of the firm s MC curve represents a profitmaximum. The firm will choose an output level q > 0 only if p AVC(q)

21 The Firm s Short-Run Supply Decision? The firm will not supply any output if : p AVC(q) Shut Down Point: P = AVC(q)

22 Firm s Short-Run Supply Decision? P MC(q) AC(q) AVC(q) q

23 Firm s Short-Run Supply Decision? P Shutdown point MC(q) AC(q) AVC(q) The firm s short-run supply curve q

24 Short Run Market Supply Curve P S Market Supply Curve is the sum of all the firms supply curves ( MC) nxq=q

25 Firm s Long-Run Supply Decision? The long-run is the circumstance in which the firm can choose amongst all of its short-run circumstances. How does the firm s long-run supply decision compare to its short-run supply decisions?

26 Firm s Long-Run Supply Decision? A competitive firm s long-run profit function is: ( q) pq c( q) The long-run cost c(q) of producing q units of output consists only of variable costs since all inputs are variable in the long-run.

27 Firm s Long-Run Supply Decision? The firm s long-run supply level decision is to maximise, ( q) pq c( q)

28 Firm s Long-Run Supply Decision? Additionally, the firm s economic profit level must not be negative, since the firm would exit the market in that case. Therefore, p ATC(q)

29 Firm s Long-Run Supply Decision? P p > AC(q) MC(q) AC(q) q

30 Firm s Long-Run Supply Decision? P The firm s long-run supply curve MC(q) AC(q) q

31 Application: Tax Incidence In Perfect Competition P P C = P P No tax: P C = P P Market Supply Market Demand Q

32 Application: Tax Incidence P P C Market Supply This is the tax. P P Q Market Demand The tax creates a wedge between the price firms receive and the price consumers pays. The difference is the tax.

33 Application: Tax Incidence P P C Market Supply This is the tax P P Q Market Demand In the short run, the burden of the tax is shared (not necessarily on a 50/50 basis) between consumers and producers.

34 Application: Tax Incidence In the short run, The producers receives less for the product. Some firms will continue to produce output at a loss once they are covering their average variable costs. Some firms will experience losses and so exit the market. The supply curve shifts to the left and the prices consumers and producers face increases.

35 Application: Tax Incidence In the Long Run, Consumers pay all of the tax (100%) Producers pay none of tax (0%) There are no firms making losses

Chapter 8. Competitive Firms and Markets

Chapter 8. Competitive Firms and Markets Chapter 8 Competitive Firms and Markets Topics Perfect Competition. Profit Maximization. Competition in the Short Run. Competition in the Long Run. 8-2 Copyright 2012 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights

More information

Market structure 1: Perfect Competition The perfectly competitive firm is a price taker: it cannot influence the price that is paid for its product.

Market structure 1: Perfect Competition The perfectly competitive firm is a price taker: it cannot influence the price that is paid for its product. Market structure 1: Perfect Competition The perfectly competitive firm is a price taker: it cannot influence the price that is paid for its product. This arises due to consumers indifference between the

More information

ECON 311 MICROECONOMICS THEORY I

ECON 311 MICROECONOMICS THEORY I ECON 311 MICROECONOMICS THEORY I Profit Maximisation & Perfect Competition (Short-Run) Dr. F. Kwame Agyire-Tettey Department of Economics Contact Information: fagyire-tettey@ug.edu.gh Session Overview

More information

Monopolistic Markets. Causes of Monopolies

Monopolistic Markets. Causes of Monopolies Monopolistic Markets Causes of Monopolies The causes of monopolization Monoplositic resources Only one firm owns a resource which is crucial for production (e.g. diamond monopol of DeBeers). Monopols created

More information

CH 14: Perfect Competition

CH 14: Perfect Competition CH 14: Perfect Competition Characteristics of Perfect Competition 1. Both buyers and sellers are price takers A price taker is a firm (or individual) who takes the price determined by market supply and

More information

Lecture 2: Market Structure I (Perfect Competition and Monopoly)

Lecture 2: Market Structure I (Perfect Competition and Monopoly) Lecture 2: Market Structure I (Perfect Competition and Monopoly) EC 105. Industrial Organization Matt Shum HSS, California Institute of Technology October 1, 2012 EC 105. Industrial Organization ( Matt

More information

Chapter 8 Managing in Competitive, Monopolistic, and Monopolistically Competitive Markets

Chapter 8 Managing in Competitive, Monopolistic, and Monopolistically Competitive Markets Managerial Economics & Business Strategy Chapter 8 Managing in Competitive, Monopolistic, and Monopolistically Competitive Markets McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2010 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All

More information

Slides and Images, Worth Publishers Inc. 8-1

Slides and Images, Worth Publishers Inc. 8-1 Perfect Competition Michael J. Murray Slides and Images, Worth Publishers Inc. 8-1 Market Structure Analysis By observing a few industry characteristics, we can predict pricing and output behavior of the

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. PRACTICE FOR PERFECT COMPETITION Fatma Nur Karaman MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) What is the difference between perfect competition

More information

Search markets: Introduction

Search markets: Introduction Search markets: Introduction Caltech Ec106 (Caltech) Search Feb 2010 1 / 16 Why are prices for the same item so different across stores? (see evidence) A puzzle considering basic economic theory: review

More information

Advanced Microeconomics

Advanced Microeconomics Advanced Microeconomics Ivan Etzo University of Cagliari ietzo@unica.it Dottorato in Scienze Economiche e Aziendali, XXXIII ciclo Ivan Etzo (UNICA) Lecture 5: Supply 1 / 32 Overview 1 Market Environments

More information

Perfect Competition CHAPTER14

Perfect Competition CHAPTER14 Perfect Competition CHAPTER14 MARKET TYPES The four market types are Perfect competition Monopoly Monopolistic competition Oligopoly MARKET TYPES Perfect Competition Perfect competition exists when Many

More information

Chapter 6. Competition

Chapter 6. Competition Chapter 6 Competition Copyright 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 1-1 Chapter 6 The goal of this

More information

Lecture 11. Firms in competitive markets

Lecture 11. Firms in competitive markets Lecture 11 Firms in competitive markets By the end of this lecture, you should understand: what characteristics make a market competitive how competitive firms decide how much output to produce how competitive

More information

Lecture 2: Market Structure Part I (Perfect Competition and Monopoly)

Lecture 2: Market Structure Part I (Perfect Competition and Monopoly) Lecture 2: Market Structure Part I (Perfect Competition and Monopoly) EC 105. Industrial Organization Matt Shum HSS, California Institute of Technology EC 105. Industrial Organization ( Matt ShumLecture

More information

ECON 2100 (Summer 2012 Sections 07 and 08) Exam #3A

ECON 2100 (Summer 2012 Sections 07 and 08) Exam #3A ECON 21 (Summer 212 Sections 7 and 8) Exam #3A Multiple Choice Questions: (3 points each) 1. I am taking of the exam. A. Version A 2. Excess Capacity refers to the A. quantity of output at which Average

More information

2007 Thomson South-Western

2007 Thomson South-Western Monopolistic Competition Characteristics: Many sellers Product differentiation Free entry and exit In the long run, profits are driven to zero Firms have some control over price What does the costs graph

More information

Exam #2 Time: 1h 15m Date: 10 July Instructor: Brian B. Young. Multiple Choice. 2 points each

Exam #2 Time: 1h 15m Date: 10 July Instructor: Brian B. Young. Multiple Choice. 2 points each Economics 212 Microeconomic Principles Exam #2 Time: 1h 15m Date: 10 July 2013 Name The value of this exam is 100 points. Instructor: Brian B. Young Please show your work where appropriate! Multiple Choice

More information

Eco 300 Intermediate Micro

Eco 300 Intermediate Micro Eco 300 Intermediate Micro Instructor: Amalia Jerison Office Hours: T 12:00-1:00, Th 12:00-1:00, and by appointment BA 127A, aj4575@albany.edu A. Jerison (BA 127A) Eco 300 Spring 2010 1 / 61 Monopoly Market

More information

ECON 4550 (Fall 2011) Exam 1

ECON 4550 (Fall 2011) Exam 1 ECON 455 (Fall 211) Exam 1 Name Multiple Choice Questions: (4 points each) 1. Jimmy is risk neutral. He is faced with a random payoff with expected value of $2,. Further, for this payoff the highest possible

More information

CH 13. Name: Class: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

CH 13. Name: Class: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Class: Date: CH 13 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. One requirement for an industry to be perfectly competitive is that a. sellers and buyers

More information

Ch. 9 LECTURE NOTES 9-1

Ch. 9 LECTURE NOTES 9-1 Ch. 9 LECTURE NOTES I. Four market models will be addressed in Chapters 9-11; characteristics of the models are summarized in Table 9.1. A. Pure competition entails a large number of firms, standardized

More information

Textbook Media Press. CH 12 Taylor: Principles of Economics 3e 1

Textbook Media Press. CH 12 Taylor: Principles of Economics 3e 1 CH 12 Taylor: Principles of Economics 3e 1 Monopolistic Competition and Differentiated Products Monopolistic competition refers to a market where many firms sell differentiated products. Differentiated

More information

ECONOMICS SOLUTION BOOK 2ND PUC. Unit 6. I. Choose the correct answer (each question carries 1 mark)

ECONOMICS SOLUTION BOOK 2ND PUC. Unit 6. I. Choose the correct answer (each question carries 1 mark) Unit 6 I. Choose the correct answer (each question carries 1 mark) 1. A market structure which produces heterogenous products is called: a) Monopoly b) Monopolistic competition c) Perfect competition d)

More information

Perfect competition: occurs when none of the individual market participants (ie buyers or sellers) can influence the price of the product.

Perfect competition: occurs when none of the individual market participants (ie buyers or sellers) can influence the price of the product. Perfect Competition In this section of work and the next one we derive the equilibrium positions of firms in order to determine whether or not it is profitable for a firm to produce and, if so, what quantities

More information

Monopolistic Competition. Chapter 17

Monopolistic Competition. Chapter 17 Monopolistic Competition Chapter 17 The Four Types of Market Structure Number of Firms? Many firms One firm Few firms Differentiated products Type of Products? Identical products Monopoly Oligopoly Monopolistic

More information

Monopolistic Markets. Regulation

Monopolistic Markets. Regulation Monopolistic Markets Regulation Comparison of monopolistic and competitive equilibrium output The profits of a monopolist are maximized when MC(Q M ) = P(Q M ) + Q P (Q M ) negative In a competitive market:

More information

The Four Main Market Structures

The Four Main Market Structures Competitive Firms and Markets The Four Main Market Structures Market structure: the number of firms in the market, the ease with which firms can enter and leave the market, and the ability of firms to

More information

FINALTERM EXAMINATION FALL 2006

FINALTERM EXAMINATION FALL 2006 FINALTERM EXAMINATION FALL 2006 QUESTION NO: 1 (MARKS: 1) - PLEASE CHOOSE ONE Compared to the equilibrium price and quantity sold in a competitive market, a monopolist Will charge a price and sell a quantity.

More information

INTRODUCTION ECONOMIC PROFITS

INTRODUCTION ECONOMIC PROFITS INTRODUCTION This chapter addresses the following key questions: What are profits? What are the unique characteristics of competitive firms? How much output will a competitive firm produce? Chapter 7 THE

More information

MICROECONOMICS - CLUTCH CH PERFECT COMPETITION.

MICROECONOMICS - CLUTCH CH PERFECT COMPETITION. !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: THE FOUR MARKET MODELS Market structure describes the environment in which a firm operates, determined by the Perfect Competition Monopolistic Competition Oligopoly Monopoly

More information

ECON 2100 (Summer 2015 Sections 07 & 08) Exam #3A

ECON 2100 (Summer 2015 Sections 07 & 08) Exam #3A ECON 2100 (Summer 2015 Sections 07 & 08) Exam #3A Multiple Choice Questions: (3 points each) 1. I am taking of the exam. A. Version A 2. For a firm with market power Marginal Revenue, while for a firm

More information

Demand curve - using Game Results How much customers will buy at a given price Downward sloping - more demand at lower prices

Demand curve - using Game Results How much customers will buy at a given price Downward sloping - more demand at lower prices 31 October Bige Kahraman Class Notes First half of course (Michaelmas) is Microeconomics, second half (Hilary) is Macroeconomics Focusing on profit maximization & price formation Looking at industry level

More information

2007 Thomson South-Western

2007 Thomson South-Western WHAT IS A COMPETITIVE MARKET? A competitive market has many buyers and sellers trading identical products so that each buyer and seller is a price taker. Buyers and sellers must accept the price determined

More information

Perfect Competition CHAPTER 14. Alfred P. Sloan. There s no resting place for an enterprise in a competitive economy. Perfect Competition 14

Perfect Competition CHAPTER 14. Alfred P. Sloan. There s no resting place for an enterprise in a competitive economy. Perfect Competition 14 CHATER 14 erfect Competition There s no resting place for an enterprise in a competitive economy. Alfred. Sloan McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2010 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

More information

ECON 102 Brown Final Exam Practice Exam Solutions

ECON 102 Brown Final Exam Practice Exam Solutions www.liontutors.com ECON 102 Brown Final Exam Practice Exam Solutions 1. B 2. C 3. C All products are identical (homogenous) in perfect competition so there is no such thing as brand preference. 4. C Breakeven

More information

ECON 2100 (Summer 2012 Sections 07 and 08) Exam #3C Answer Key

ECON 2100 (Summer 2012 Sections 07 and 08) Exam #3C Answer Key ECON 21 (Summer 212 Sections 7 and 8) Exam #3C Answer Key Multiple Choice Questions: (3 points each) 1. I am taking of the exam. C. Version C 2. is a market structure in which there is one single seller

More information

Firms in Competitive Markets

Firms in Competitive Markets 1 Basic Economics Chapter 14 Firms in Competitive Markets Competitive markets (1) Market with many buyers and sellers (e.g., ) (2) Trading identical products (e.g., ) (3) Each buyer and seller is a price

More information

2) A production method that relies on large quantities of labor and smaller quantities of capital equipment is referred to as a: 2)

2) A production method that relies on large quantities of labor and smaller quantities of capital equipment is referred to as a: 2) Micro: TA Session 4, Problem set MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The main difference between a short-run production function and

More information

Unit 6 Perfect Competition and Monopoly - Practice Problems

Unit 6 Perfect Competition and Monopoly - Practice Problems Unit 6 Perfect Competition and Monopoly - Practice Problems Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. One characteristic of a perfectly competitive

More information

ECON 102 Kagundu Final Exam (New Material) Practice Exam Solutions

ECON 102 Kagundu Final Exam (New Material) Practice Exam Solutions www.liontutors.com ECON 102 Kagundu Final Exam (New Material) Practice Exam Solutions 1. A A large number of firms will be able to operate in the industry because you only need to produce a small amount

More information

Quiz #5 Week 04/12/2009 to 04/18/2009

Quiz #5 Week 04/12/2009 to 04/18/2009 Quiz #5 Week 04/12/2009 to 04/18/2009 You have 30 minutes to answer the following 17 multiple choice questions. Record your answers in the bubble sheet. Your grade in this quiz will count for 1% of your

More information

Networks, Telecommunications Economics and Strategic Issues in Digital Convergence. Prof. Nicholas Economides. Spring 2006

Networks, Telecommunications Economics and Strategic Issues in Digital Convergence. Prof. Nicholas Economides. Spring 2006 Networks, Telecommunications Economics and Strategic Issues in Digital Convergence Prof. Nicholas Economides Spring 2006 Basic Market Structure Slides The Structure-Conduct-Performance Model Basic conditions:

More information

Microeconomics Exam Notes

Microeconomics Exam Notes Microeconomics Exam Notes Opportunity Cost What you give up to get it Production Possibility Frontier Maximum attainable combination of two products (Concept of Opportunity Cost). Main Decision Makers:

More information

Oligopoly Pricing. EC 202 Lecture IV. Francesco Nava. January London School of Economics. Nava (LSE) EC 202 Lecture IV Jan / 13

Oligopoly Pricing. EC 202 Lecture IV. Francesco Nava. January London School of Economics. Nava (LSE) EC 202 Lecture IV Jan / 13 Oligopoly Pricing EC 202 Lecture IV Francesco Nava London School of Economics January 2011 Nava (LSE) EC 202 Lecture IV Jan 2011 1 / 13 Summary The models of competition presented in MT explored the consequences

More information

Chapter 14. Pricing Concepts For Establishing Value (Part I)

Chapter 14. Pricing Concepts For Establishing Value (Part I) Chapter 14 Pricing Concepts For Establishing Value (Part I) Today s concepts List the four pricing orientations Explain the relationship between price and quantity sold Explain price elasticity Describe

More information

REDEEMER S UNIVERSITY

REDEEMER S UNIVERSITY REDEEMER S UNIVERSITY Km 46/48 Lagos Ibadan Expressway, Redemption City, Ogun State COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS STUDIES COURSE CODE /TITLE ECO 202/Microeconomics

More information

23 Perfect Competition

23 Perfect Competition 23 Perfect Competition Learning Objectives After you have studied this chapter, you should be able to 1. define price taker, total revenues, marginal revenue, short-run shutdown price, short-run breakeven

More information

PWNI I'IHITIIBIFI UNIVERSITY EXAMINER(S) INSTRUCTIONS FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF ACCOUNTING

PWNI I'IHITIIBIFI UNIVERSITY EXAMINER(S) INSTRUCTIONS FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF ACCOUNTING . I'IHITIIBIFI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE FII'ID TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF ACCOUNTING, ECONOMICS AND FINANCE QUALIFICATION: BACHELOR OF ACCOUNTING QUALIFICATION CODE: Z3BECO LEVEL:

More information

ECON 102 Brown Final Exam (New Material) Practice Exam Solutions

ECON 102 Brown Final Exam (New Material) Practice Exam Solutions www.liontutors.com ECON 102 Brown Final Exam (New Material) Practice Exam Solutions 1. B A very large percent of their earnings comes from economic rent 2. B Any funds left, after everyone who has a claim

More information

ECON 2100 Principles of Microeconomics (Summer 2016) Behavior of Firms in Perfectly Competitive Markets

ECON 2100 Principles of Microeconomics (Summer 2016) Behavior of Firms in Perfectly Competitive Markets ECON 21 Principles of Microeconomics (Summer 216) Behavior of Firms in Perfectly Competitive Markets Relevant readings from the textbook: Mankiw, Ch. 14 Firms in Competitive Markets Suggested problems

More information

Perfect competition the competitive firm s supply decision. Microeconomics

Perfect competition the competitive firm s supply decision. Microeconomics Perfect competition the competitive firm s supply decision Microeconomics Industries and the number of firms An industry is the set of all firms making the same product. The output of an industry is the

More information

CONTENTS. Introduction to the Series. 1 Introduction to Economics 5 2 Competitive Markets, Demand and Supply Elasticities 37

CONTENTS. Introduction to the Series. 1 Introduction to Economics 5 2 Competitive Markets, Demand and Supply Elasticities 37 CONTENTS Introduction to the Series iv 1 Introduction to Economics 5 2 Competitive Markets, Demand and Supply 17 3 Elasticities 37 4 Government Intervention in Markets 44 5 Market Failure 53 6 Costs of

More information

2010 Pearson Education Canada

2010 Pearson Education Canada What Is Perfect Competition? Perfect competition is an industry in which Many firms sell identical products to many buyers. There are no restrictions to entry into the industry. Established firms have

More information

AP Microeconomics Chapter 10 Outline

AP Microeconomics Chapter 10 Outline I. Learning Objectives In this chapter students should learn: A. How the long run differs from the short run in pure competition. B. Why profits encourage entry into a purely competitive industry and losses

More information

UNIT 4 FORMS OF MARKET & PRICE DETERMINATION POINTS TO REMEMBER Market implies a system with the help of which the buyers and seller of a commodity or service come to contact with each other and complete

More information

Lecture 12. Monopoly

Lecture 12. Monopoly Lecture 12 Monopoly By the end of this lecture, you should understand: why some markets have only one seller how a monopoly determines the quantity to produce and the price to charge how the monopoly s

More information

ECON 2100 (Summer 2014 Sections 08 & 09) Exam #3D

ECON 2100 (Summer 2014 Sections 08 & 09) Exam #3D ECON 21 (Summer 214 Sections 8 & 9) Exam #3D Multiple Choice Questions: (3 points each) 1. I am taking of the exam. D. Version D 2. If a firm is currently operating at a point where costs of production

More information

Some of the assumptions of perfect competition include:

Some of the assumptions of perfect competition include: This session focuses on how managers determine the optimal price, quantity and advertising decisions under perfect competition. In earlier sessions we have looked at the nature of competitive markets.

More information

ECON 2100 (Summer 2013 Section 06) Exam #3 (Version A)

ECON 2100 (Summer 2013 Section 06) Exam #3 (Version A) ECON 21 (Summer 213 Section 6) Exam #3 (Version A) Multiple Choice Questions: (3 points each) 1. I am taking of the exam. A. Version A 2. At the most basic level, profit is defined as A. Total Revenues

More information

4. Which of the following statements about marginal revenue for a perfectly competitive firm is incorrect? A) TR

4. Which of the following statements about marginal revenue for a perfectly competitive firm is incorrect? A) TR Name: Date: 1. Which of the following will not be true of a perfectly competitive market? A) Buyers and sellers will have an imperceptible effect on the market. B) Firms can freely enter and exit the market.

More information

ECON 2100 (Summer 2014 Sections 08 & 09) Exam #3A

ECON 2100 (Summer 2014 Sections 08 & 09) Exam #3A ECON 21 (Summer 214 Sections 8 & 9) Exam #3A Multiple Choice Questions: (3 points each) 1. I am taking of the exam. A. Version A 2. Average Fixed Costs of Production A. must remain constant as the level

More information

ECON 2100 Principles of Microeconomics (Summer 2016) Monopoly

ECON 2100 Principles of Microeconomics (Summer 2016) Monopoly ECON 21 Principles of Microeconomics (Summer 216) Monopoly Relevant readings from the textbook: Mankiw, Ch. 15 Monopoly Suggested problems from the textbook: Chapter 15 Questions for Review (Page 323):

More information

MICROECONOMICS CHAPTER 10A/23 PERFECT COMPETITION. Professor Charles Fusi

MICROECONOMICS CHAPTER 10A/23 PERFECT COMPETITION. Professor Charles Fusi MICROECONOMICS CHAPTER 10A/23 PERFECT COMPETITION Professor Charles Fusi Learning Objectives Identify the characteristics of a perfectly competitive market structure Discuss the process by which a perfectly

More information

ECON 8010 (Spring 2014) Exam 1

ECON 8010 (Spring 2014) Exam 1 ECON 81 (Spring 214) Exam 1 Name A. Key Multiple Choice Questions: (4 points each) 1. The states that a rational decision maker should undertake an action if and only if the Marginal Benefit from taking

More information

Perfect Competition. What is a market structure? What is a Perfectly Competitive Market/Perfect Competition? David Kelly

Perfect Competition. What is a market structure? What is a Perfectly Competitive Market/Perfect Competition? David Kelly What is a market structure? Perfect Competition A market structure refers to the conditions under which a good or service is bought and sold. The notes that follow examine two extremes - perfect competition

More information

Monopoly. Cost. Average total cost. Quantity of Output

Monopoly. Cost. Average total cost. Quantity of Output While a competitive firm is a price taker, a monopoly firm is a price maker. A firm is considered a monopoly if... it is the sole seller of its product. its product does not have close substitutes. The

More information

Postgraduate Diploma in Marketing December 2017 Examination Economic and Legal Impact (Econ)

Postgraduate Diploma in Marketing December 2017 Examination Economic and Legal Impact (Econ) Postgraduate Diploma in Marketing December 2017 Examination Economic and Legal Impact (Econ) Date: 20 December 2017 Time: 0830 Hrs 1130 Hrs Duration: Three (03) Hrs ) Total marks for this paper is 100

More information

Edexcel (B) Economics A-level

Edexcel (B) Economics A-level Edexcel (B) Economics A-level Theme 4: Making Markets Work 4.1 Competition and Market Power 4.1.1 Spectrum of competition Notes Characteristics of monopoly, oligopoly, imperfect and perfect competition

More information

Monopoly. While a competitive firm is a price taker, a monopoly firm is a price maker.

Monopoly. While a competitive firm is a price taker, a monopoly firm is a price maker. Monopoly Monopoly While a competitive firm is a price taker, a monopoly firm is a price maker. Monopoly A firm is considered a monopoly if... it is the sole seller of its product. its product does not

More information

COMPETITION AND MARKETS BEFORE YOU BEGIN. Market Structures. Looking at the Chapter. Date Period. Chapter

COMPETITION AND MARKETS BEFORE YOU BEGIN. Market Structures. Looking at the Chapter. Date Period. Chapter COMPETITION AND MARKETS BEFORE YOU BEGIN Looking at the Fill in the blank spaces with the missing words. Market Structures Perfect Competition sellers product No barriers to entry Price taker Produce where

More information

Perfect Competition and The Supply Curve

Perfect Competition and The Supply Curve chapter: 13 >> Perfect Competition and The Supply Curve The following materials are taken from Chap. 13, Economics, 2 nd ed., Krugman and Wells(2009), Worth Palgrave MaCmillan. 2009 Worth Publishers 1

More information

6) The mailing must be postmarked by June 15. 7) If you have any questions please me at

6) The mailing must be postmarked by June 15. 7) If you have any questions please  me at Examination Instructions: 1) Answer the examination only after you have read the honesty pledge below. 2) The multiple choice section will be taken in WebCT and a tutorial for using WebCT is to be found

More information

Principles of Microeconomics Module 5.1. Understanding Profit

Principles of Microeconomics Module 5.1. Understanding Profit Principles of Microeconomics Module 5.1 Understanding Profit 180 Production Choices of Firms All firms have one goal in mind: MAX PROFITS PROFITS = TOTAL REVENUE TOTAL COST Two ways to reach this goal:

More information

Firms in competitive markets: Perfect Competition and Monopoly

Firms in competitive markets: Perfect Competition and Monopoly Lesson 6 Firms in competitive markets: Perfect Competition and Monopoly Henan University of Technology Sino-British College Transfer Abroad Undergraduate Programme 0 In this lesson, look for the answers

More information

Monopoly. Chapter 15

Monopoly. Chapter 15 Monopoly Chapter 15 Monopoly While a competitive firm is a price taker, a monopoly firm is a price maker. Monopoly u A firm is considered a monopoly if... it is the sole seller of its product. its product

More information

Week One What is economics? Chapter 1

Week One What is economics? Chapter 1 Week One What is economics? Chapter 1 Economics: is the social science that studies the choices that individuals, businesses, governments, and entire societies make as they cope with scarcity and the incentives

More information

Oligopoly and Monopolistic Competition

Oligopoly and Monopolistic Competition Oligopoly and Monopolistic Competition Introduction Managerial Problem Airbus and Boeing are the only two manufacturers of large commercial aircrafts. If only one receives a government subsidy, how can

More information

ECON 2100 (Summer 2015 Sections 07 & 08) Exam #3C

ECON 2100 (Summer 2015 Sections 07 & 08) Exam #3C ECON 21 (Summer 215 Sections 7 & 8) Exam #3C Multiple Choice Questions: (3 points each) 1. I am taking of the exam. C. Version C 2. is a market structure in which there is one single seller of a unique

More information

Perfect Competition Definition

Perfect Competition Definition Perfect Competition Definition What is the essence of perfect competition? All agents in the market take the relevant price for this market as given. That is, all agents assume that their behaviour will

More information

Practice Test for Midterm 2 Econ Fall 2009 Instructor: Soojae Moon

Practice Test for Midterm 2 Econ Fall 2009 Instructor: Soojae Moon Practice Test for Midterm 2 Econ 2010-200 Fall 2009 Instructor: Soojae Moon Please read carefully and choose the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Table 7-2 This table refers

More information

CH short answer study questions Answer Section

CH short answer study questions Answer Section CH 15-16 short answer study questions Answer Section ESSAY 1. ANS: There are a large number firms; each produces a slightly different product; firms compete on price, quality and marketing; and firms are

More information

Review. 1. Production function - Types of production functions - Marginal productivity - Returns to scale

Review. 1. Production function - Types of production functions - Marginal productivity - Returns to scale Review 1. Production function - Types of production functions - Marginal productivity - Returns to scale 2. The cost minimization problem - Solution: MP L (K,L)/w = MP K (K,L)/r - What happens when price

More information

Use the following to answer question 4:

Use the following to answer question 4: Homework Chapter 11: Name: Due Date: Wednesday, December 4 at the beginning of class. Please mark your answers on a Scantron. It is late if your Scantron is not complete when I ask for it at 9:35. Get

More information

Monopolistic Competition

Monopolistic Competition 16 Monopolistic Competition PowerPoint Slides prepared by: Andreea CHIRITESCU Eastern Illinois University 1 Monopolistic Competition Imperfect competition Between perfect competition and monopoly Oligopoly

More information

Price setting problem: Rigidities

Price setting problem: Rigidities Advanced Monetary Theory and Policy EPOS 2012/13 Price setting problem: Rigidities Giovanni Di Bartolomeo giovanni.dibartolomeo@uniroma1.it New Keynesian Economics Most economists believe that short-run

More information

EconS Competitive Markets Part 1

EconS Competitive Markets Part 1 EconS 305 - Competitive Markets Part 1 Eric Dunaway Washington State University eric.dunaway@wsu.edu October 11, 2015 Eric Dunaway (WSU) EconS 305 - Lecture 19 October 11, 2015 1 / 48 Introduction Today,

More information

BUSINESS ECONOMICS (PAPER IV-PART I)

BUSINESS ECONOMICS (PAPER IV-PART I) BUSINESS ECONOMICS (PAPER IV-PART I) (60 MARKS) Q1: Macroeconomics is also called economics (a) applied (b) aggregate (c) experimental (d) none Q2: A Study of how increase in the corporate income tax rate

More information

ECON 2100 (Summer 2010 Sections 05 and 06) Exam #3 (Version C)

ECON 2100 (Summer 2010 Sections 05 and 06) Exam #3 (Version C) ECON 21 (Summer 21 Sections 5 and 6) Exam #3 (Version C) Multiple Choice Questions: (3 points each) 1. Average Fixed costs of Production A. are defined as Fixed Costs of Production divided by quantity

More information

Prof. Wolfram Elsner Faculty of Business Studies and Economics iino Institute of Institutional and Innovation Economics. Real-World Markets

Prof. Wolfram Elsner Faculty of Business Studies and Economics iino Institute of Institutional and Innovation Economics. Real-World Markets Prof. Wolfram Elsner Faculty of Business Studies and Economics iino Institute of Institutional and Innovation Economics Real-World Markets Readings for this lecture Required reading this time: Real-World

More information

Oligopoly: How do firms behave when there are only a few competitors? These firms produce all or most of their industry s output.

Oligopoly: How do firms behave when there are only a few competitors? These firms produce all or most of their industry s output. Topic 8 Chapter 13 Oligopoly and Monopolistic Competition Econ 203 Topic 8 page 1 Oligopoly: How do firms behave when there are only a few competitors? These firms produce all or most of their industry

More information

Lesson22: Trade under Monopolistic Competition

Lesson22: Trade under Monopolistic Competition International trade in the global economy 60 hours II Semester Luca Salvatici luca.salvatici@uniroma3.it Lesson22: Trade under Monopolistic Competition 1 Trade under Monopolistic Competition Assumptions

More information

Chapter 14 TRADITIONAL MODELS OF IMPERFECT COMPETITION. Copyright 2005 by South-Western, a division of Thomson Learning. All rights reserved.

Chapter 14 TRADITIONAL MODELS OF IMPERFECT COMPETITION. Copyright 2005 by South-Western, a division of Thomson Learning. All rights reserved. Chapter 14 TRADITIONAL MODELS OF IMPERFECT COMPETITION Copyright 2005 by South-Western, a division of Thomson Learning. All rights reserved. 1 Pricing Under Homogeneous Oligopoly We will assume that the

More information

Econ 121b: Intermediate Microeconomics

Econ 121b: Intermediate Microeconomics Econ 11b: Intermediate Microeconomics Dirk Bergemann, Spring 01 Week of 3/18-3/4 1 Lecture 14: Theory of Production We can use tools similar to those we used in the consumer theory section of the class

More information

Total revenue Quantity. Price Quantity Quantity

Total revenue Quantity. Price Quantity Quantity s in Competitive Markets WHAT IS A COMPETITIVE MARKET? A perfectly competitive market has the following characteristics: There are many buyers and sellers in the market. The goods offered by the various

More information

Chapter 1- Introduction

Chapter 1- Introduction Chapter 1- Introduction A SIMPLE ECONOMY Central PROBLEMS OF AN ECONOMY: scarcity of resources problem of choice Every society has to decide on how to use its scarce resources. Production, exchange and

More information

Lesson 3-2 Profit Maximization

Lesson 3-2 Profit Maximization Lesson 3-2 Profit Maximization Standard 3b: Students will explain the 5 dimensions of market structure and identify how perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly are characterized

More information

A few firms Imperfect Competition Oligopoly. Figure 8.1: Market structures

A few firms Imperfect Competition Oligopoly. Figure 8.1: Market structures 8.1 Setup Monopoly is a single firm producing a particular commodity. It can affect the market by changing the quantity; via the (inverse) demand function p (q). The tradeoff: either sell a lot cheaply,

More information

Chapter 13. What will you learn in this chapter? A competitive market. Perfect Competition

Chapter 13. What will you learn in this chapter? A competitive market. Perfect Competition Chapter 13 Perfect Competition 214 by McGraw-Hill Education 1 What will you learn in this chapter? What the characteristics of a perfectly competitive market are. How to calculate average, marginal, and

More information