Annual GDP by production approach in current and constant prices: main issues 1

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Annual GDP by production approach in current and constant prices: main issues 1"

Transcription

1 Annual GDP by production approach in current and constant prices: main issues 1 Introduction This paper continues the series dedicated to extending the contents of the Handbook Essential SNA: Building the Basics 2. The aim of this paper is to provide some background to understand the compilation of two tables included in the Minimum Requirement Data Set (MRDS), the first data set that a country must have before it can claim to have implemented SNA: Value added and GDP by industry at current prices; Value added and GDP by industry at constant prices. To understand how these tables are compiled and what data sources are required to do so, much of the paper is used to outline the production approach to GDP compilation. The relevant SNA transactions that are discussed include: output, intermediate consumption and taxes (and subsidies) on products. The concepts behind constant price estimation have been outlined in an earlier paper in this series 3. For the constant prices table discussed here, we will focus mainly on the deflation method, as applied to the production approach to GDP compilation. The current paper will discuss the compilation of the two MRDS tables in general terms, highlighting concepts and procedures at a high level of abstraction. The application to particular industries will follow in subsequent papers. GDP by production approach: compilation steps Starting point for the compilation of GDP by the production approach is the accounting framework for production of goods and services. The relevant SNA transaction is output (P1) 4 which measures the amount of goods and services produced during the accounting period. In order to generate this output by a particular production process, inputs are required, such as raw materials, energy etc. The costs of these inputs are measured by the transaction intermediate consumption (P2), abbreviated henceforth as IC. The difference between output and IC is known as value added (B1). This definition constitutes one of the fundamental identities of national accounts: Value Added = Output - Intermediate consumption Note that the value added referred to is gross value added (B1g). This means including consumption of fixed capital (CFC). This transaction (belonging to the capital account) serves to reflect the decline 1 This paper has been prepared with the technical assistance of DevStat Servicios de Consultoría Estadística in consortium with ICON Institute. 2 Henceforth called the Handbook ; it can be found at the following link: 3 National Accounts in Constant Prices, part 1: Elementary Indexes and part 2: Aggregated Indexes 4 The next paragraphs are based on another paper in this series: Introduction to the SNA 2008 Accounts, part 1: Basics. 1

2 in the value of the fixed assets. When the amount for CFC is deducted from gross value added we get net value added (B1n). GDP is constructed from gross value added by adding taxes on products (D21) and by subtracting subsidies on products (D31). The following example illustrates the relationship between the above concepts: B1n Value added, net 1499 K1 Consumption of Fixed Capital 222 B1g Value added, gross 1721 D21 Taxes on products 141 D31 Subsidies on products -8 Gross Domestic Product 1854 Figure 1 GDP by production approach As can be seen from figure 1, GDP consists of the sum for the total economy of gross value added and taxes minus subsidies on products. Note that the GDP derivation only applies to the total economy, not to individual sectors. Also, strictly speaking, GDP is not a transaction, it does not have a transaction code. It is a macroeconomic aggregate, consisting of different individual transactions. Output: measurement issues The central issue in the compilation of value added is the measurement of output. The key concept in this respect is production. According to SNA 2008 (6.2): Production is an activity, carried out under the responsibility, control and management of an institutional unit, that uses inputs of labour, capital, and goods and services to produce outputs of goods and services. Therefore, in order to measure output we have to make an inventory of all productive processes for all institutional units that yield products (either goods or services) in the SNA sense. Not all economic production qualifies as SNA production. An example is the production of services by members of the household for their own final consumption, such as cleaning of the dwelling, preparation of meals, caring for children. SNA introduces the production boundary to separate economic production into a part that qualifies as SNA production and a part that does not qualify as such. Production within the production boundary includes the following major components for the main institutional units: Production supplied to the market by enterprises, where the goods or services fetch a welldefined price (market output); Production of collective goods and services by government units with no market price (nonmarket output); Production for own final use by enterprises, e.g. for the purpose of capital formation. Production in households operating as unincorporated enterprises is included in market output or output for own final use. All other household activities are excluded, with two exceptions: Own-account production of housing services by owner occupiers; Production of domestic and personal services by employing paid domestic staff. An important aspect of measuring output in current values has to do with valuation, i.e. the expression in money terms. Market output can only be valued once the goods or services enter a 2

3 market, where price formation takes place. Not all output of goods will do so during an accounting period. The alternative is that such goods are added to the inventory, to be sold during a future accounting period. The question of what price to use for valuing such inventory goods during an accounting period is not an easy one, suffice it to say here that there are various possibilities, each with a different outcome for the valuation of that part of output that goes into inventories. The important point here is that output is different from sales (or turnover). Total sales during an accounting period can come from output in the same accounting period or from inventories built up during previous accounting periods. Total output during an accounting period can either be sold on the market or go into inventory, to be sold in a future accounting period. It may therefore be a while before produced goods reach the final users and a sale takes place. This may be true even without the goods going into inventory. National accountants record the output when the production is completed (this is called accrual based accounting), and not when cash from sales changes hands (this is called cash based accounting). It may also happen that the production of a particular good (or the rendering of a service) has not been completed at the end of the accounting period. Since resources have been used up during the accounting period, it would be wrong not to take into account any output at all since this would lead to an imbalance between uses and resources. National accountants repair this potential discrepancy by recording work-in-progress in the accounts as a measure of output that has been completed during the accounting period. This is especially important in construction, where there may exist a considerable gap between start and finish of a project, and the break in accounting periods may easily fall in between. Another valuation issue related to output is the treatment of taxes. Output is valued at basic prices, i.e. excluding all product taxes (but including subsidies when relevant) and excluding any margins for transport or trade services that may be added to come to the price that final users pay for the product. Output: data sources In setting up a compilation system for output in current values, countries need to establish data collection schemes for each of the institutional sectors that contribute to SNA production. The Handbook addresses at length the issues related to the proper mobilization of data sources to enable the systematic breakdown by institutions and by activities of all SNA productive transactions 5. The following enumeration identifies the main sources needed for annual output measurement in current values: For non-agricultural non-financial incorporated enterprises, production statistics based on surveys are commonly used; such surveys are often sample surveys on the enterprise population as identified in the business register; alternatively, turnover statistics based on sales are a possible source of data; when available administrative data sources (including annual accounting reports) may be used; For agriculture special data sources set up in the framework of agricultural statistics are the main source on data for output; detailed information on crop physical output, livestock 5 See especially chapter 5 of the Handbook, on statistical infrastructure 3

4 headcount and composition and their market prices can be used to make estimates for agricultural output in current values; For non-market output of government units an indirect method is often used, based on an alternative compilation of value added, the one based on adding up the various value added components (such as salaries); adding these value added components to the outlays on intermediate consumption will give an indirect estimate of output; hence the main data source for government units are often detailed budget data on the various government expenditures; for market output of government units information on sales is often available; For households in their capacity of unincorporated enterprises, data are often difficult to come by; sometimes a household survey may yield partial data; often special methods need to be set up, as part of measuring the informal sector, to capture data on household productive units; Special methods of estimating output exist for particular activities, such as financial activities (banking, insurance), for domestic trade (output is taken as the difference between sales and purchases of the traded goods) and the production of housing services by owner occupiers mentioned earlier; Breakdown by industries As the above general remarks already indicate, in practice the procedure of compiling output is achieved by splitting up the total economy into ISIC industries. The following table gives a breakdown at the highest level of ISIC aggregation. A Agriculture, forestry and fishing B Mining and quarrying C Manufacturing D Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply E Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities F Construction G Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles H Transportation and storage I Accommodation and food service activities J Information and communication K Financial and insurance activities L Real estate activities M Professional, scientific and technical activities N Administrative and support service activities O Public administration and defense; compulsory social security P Education Q Human health and social work activities R Arts, entertainment and recreation S Other service activities T Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods and services producing activities of households for own use U Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies Table 1 ISIC 4 Industries at section level For each industry output and IC are compiled. Gross value added is then calculated as the difference between output and IC. Next, gross value added for the total economy is compiled as the sum of value added for each industry. Adding to this the net product taxes (i.e. taxes minus subsidies) will give GDP. This calculation of GDP with its breakdown by industry of value added constitutes the basis for the table on value added and GDP by industry at current prices of the MRDS mentioned in the introduction. It should be noted that the level of detail used for the compilation is usually much 4

5 greater than the breakdown given in the published table. Data collection on output or sales should take place at the most detailed level of ISIC, i.e. the 4-digit class level. The breakdown in the published table can be ISIC section or 2-digit division. This does not constitute a problem, since annual output and value added data in current prices can be aggregated easily from detailed class level to any higher level of this hierarchical classification. Intermediate Consumption Intermediate consumption (IC) consists of the value of the goods and services used up as inputs in a process of production. As is the case for output there are demarcation issues here as well. Compensation of employees (wages and salaries) are not part of IC, but certain types of goods and services provided to employees may be part of IC, such as tools, clothing and accommodation services. More important is the boundary with gross fixed capital formation. Expenditures on durable producer goods that are small, inexpensive and used to perform relatively simple operations (such as hand tools) may be treated as intermediate consumption when such expenditures are made regularly. Also outlays on ordinary maintenance and repairs on fixed assets that are required to keep the fixed assets in good working order are usually part of IC. Valuation issue also arise for IC. Purchases of IC goods should be distinguished from the actual use in production processes. The alternative is storage into inventory. Accounting IC transaction is also accrual based, registering the transaction when goods and services are actually used, rather than when they are paid for. Finally, IC is valued in purchasers prices, including product taxes (but excluding subsidies) and including margins for trade (wholesale and / or retail, depending on the procurement details) and for transport. It should be noted that the value added obtained by subtracting IC in purchasers prices from output in basic prices is taken to be valued at basic prices as well. Data sources for IC are often similar to those of output: production surveys may include questions on expenditures; agricultural statistics include data on inputs, such as seeds and fertilizer; government budget data include detailed breakdowns on expenditures of inputs; etc. Ratios of IC over output often prove useful. Such ratios (e.g. 40% of output is used for inputs; 60% remains for value added) should not fluctuate greatly between years at detailed breakdown by activity and institution. It is not uncommon that such ratios based on earlier measurement are used to impute IC for some activities, based on the current levels of output. Taxes, Subsidies on Products Since the compilation of GDP by the output approach includes net product taxes (taxes minus subsidies), and since these are not included in output, they have to be added to the total of gross value added. Data usually come from administrative sources, e.g. from the tax office or the Ministry of Finance. Product net taxes include net taxes on imports and include non-deductible VAT (value added tax). The issue of VAT often leads to confusion. The thing to remember is that on all productive transaction involving intermediate use, there is VAT paid on inputs by producers and VAT charged to customers on outputs. The actual VAT amount paid by producers to the tax authorities is the net VAT (the amount charged to customers minus the amount paid on inputs). Only final consumers cannot further charge VAT in this productive chain, so they pay most of the actual VAT 5

6 supplied by the domestic economy. However, for some goods or services the VAT rules of a country may stipulate only partial deductibility, or no deductibility at all. Taxes and subsidies on products should be distinguished from taxes and subsidies on production. These are included in value added (gross and net) at basic prices. Excluding taxes and subsidies on production from value added at basic prices will yield value added at factor costs, the money available for the remuneration of the factors of production, such as labour and capital. Compilation in constant prices So far we concentrated on the compilation of the MRDS table of value added and GDP by industry at current prices. Comparing annual GDP estimates in current prices between years is complicated by the fact that changes in GDP can occur because of volume changes or because of price changes in the transactions that make up GDP, i.e. output, intermediate consumption and net product taxes. This is perhaps easiest to understand for market output of goods. Such goods are produced in physical quantities and marketed with well-defined prices per units of physical quantity. Volume changes in output are then value changes due to changes in produced physical quantities, valued at a fixed price, e.g. last year s price. Price changes of output on the other hand are value changes of a fixed quantity due to changes in price. The total value change of output for a particular good can thus be decomposed into a volume change and a price change. This idea can be generalized to output of market services, to non-market output and to output for own final use, although the proper valuation involved may be more problematic, as we saw before. Similarly, value changes in intermediate consumption of particular inputs can be decomposed into volume changes and price changes. And even for product taxes and subsidies this can be done, e.g. by interpreting the volume change as arising from the application of last year s tax rate to current year s output (assuming taxes are levied this way) and the price change as the difference between the value change and this volume change 6. The table of the MRDS on value added and GDP by industry at constant prices serves to express value added and GDP by industry at fixed prices of a previous period, e.g. last year s prices or prices of some other reference year. By comparing these constant price values with the current price values of the reference year, we automatically obtain the volume changes. It is important to note that constant price values of value added and GDP by industry cannot be derived from direct compilation on the basis of source data as was the case for current prices estimates. Data sources yield only value data, and the decomposition of value changes into volume and price changes is made analytically. Two methods are available to do this: the deflation method and the extrapolation method 7. Both methods rely on indexes. The deflation method uses price indexes to deflate current period values. The extrapolation method uses volume indexes to extrapolate current values of an earlier period. To apply these methods additional data need to be collected, either on price indexes or on volume indexes. Note that such indexes are usually compiled at monthly or quarterly frequency. Such indexes need to be aggregated over time into yearly indexes to apply them to annual value added. 6 One peculiar consequence of this decomposition is that the effect of a new tax is part of the price change and not of the volume change 7 These methods and the required theory on indexes are explored in the papers National Accounts in Constant Prices, part 1: Elementary Indexes and part 2: Aggregated Indexes. 6

7 Collecting such short-term indexes opens up the possibility to compile value added (and GDP) at quarterly frequency as well, e.g. by extrapolating last year s values with quarterly volume indexes to constant prices estimates and then inflating these to current prices estimates. In such a way a system of quarterly GDP compilation based on short-term indicators can be set up. However, this is beyond the requirements of the MRDS. It should also be noted that deflation methods are generally preferred to extrapolation methods. One of the reasons for this is the need to properly account for quality changes of products. Over time, products often change in quality, e.g. because of new technological developments. This may happen without a significant price effect. Volume indexes tend to exclude such quality change, e.g. when based on changes in numerical quantities. Hence, constant prices measures based on extrapolation with such volume indexes will also exclude such quality change effects and might therefore lead to biased results. Any implicit price changes based on such volume changes may then be biased as well. Value added in constant prices Starting point for the compilation of GDP by the production approach in constant prices is the identity for (gross) value added given earlier, but now expressed in constant prices (abbreviated as CP): Value Added (CP) = Output CP) - Intermediate consumption (CP) GDP in constant prices is constructed from gross value added in constant prices by adding taxes on products and by subtracting subsidies on products, both in constant prices. Ideally, all components that go into the construction of GDP in current prices need to be estimated in constant prices separately, by using the deflation method at very detailed level. In practice, many of these objectives may be out of reach. A first problem is that deflators for intermediate consumption do not exist as such. IC is a composite transaction, consisting of many separate inputs, each of which needs to be deflated separately. Details of input structures are generally difficult to obtain. If known, such input structures can be used to construct synthetic deflators for IC (as weighted averages of the input deflators, with the input structures supplying the weights). The method of deflating output and IC separately, each with its own index, is called double deflation. If proper deflators for IC cannot be found, a next best option is to apply the same deflator for both output and IC. This is the method of single deflation. This corresponds to the direct deflation of value added with the single deflator. In practice this is the method that many countries start out with for market goods producing activities. A next problem is that proper price indexes must be found for the various types of output. We already saw that there are many problems with the proper valuation of some types of output, making it difficult to determine what a proper price index is in the first place. And even if such a price is properly conceived of, there may not be a suitable price index available for its measurement. The use of deflation methods for output (or for value added in the case of single deflation) is limited by the availability of price index data. The accurate measurement of price developments is one of the main aims of economic statistics, so price indexes will be available in most countries, especially consumer price indexes (CPI). However, deflating output (valued in basic prices) with CPI is incorrect, since CPI captures price development in products as they are consumed by final users, i.e. valued in 7

8 purchasers prices. Only for products without trade and transport margins is the use of CPI justified (assuming no change in taxation). This is the case for most services. For goods, many countries rely on producer price indexes (PPI), which are commonly available for ISIC sections B E. In cases where deflation is problematic or not possible, extrapolation methods may provide alternatives. This is especially the case for the output of services. Volume changes of services may be defined in terms of performance indicators (number of passengers transported for transport services, number of patients treated for health services etc.) which can be valued by applying a proper fee (charge per performance unit, such as fee per passenger, fee per patient). One can then construct volume indexes for service activities by comparing total performance between different time periods. However, even if calculated at very detailed level, such measures exclude quality changes, which will make their use problematic. Finally, there are a number of ISIC activities where standard deflation is not really possible, such as construction, financial intermediation, ownership of dwellings and non-market output of government units. For these specific cases, there are separate methodologies for constant prices estimation that countries need to follow. We will encounter some of these in future papers (including numerical examples). Concluding remarks This paper set out to provide some background on the methodology of compiling the MRDS tables on value added and GDP by industry in current and constant prices. The main issues for the compilation in current prices are the proper delineation of output, the mobilization of data sources on output and IC for all relevant economic activities and main institutional sectors and the need to achieve a reasonable degree of exhaustiveness, by focusing in the non-observed parts of the economy and the informal sector. These issues need to be addressed in the earliest phase of SNA implementation, and the Handbook is therefore particularly relevant here. The main issue for the compilation in constant prices is the deployment of a system of short-term indicators that fits the framework in current prices, i.e. for each of the main components of GDP there are either suitable price indexes for deflation or suitable volume indexes for extrapolation. In an early phase of SNA implementation, this may be difficult to achieve, and simplifications may need to be made, e.g. by resorting to single deflation, or to extrapolation without taking quality changes into account. High quality estimates of GDP in constant prices are one of the primary targets of SNA implementation, with volume changes in annual GDP being the principle measure of economic growth. Hence, it is important - even in the early stages of SNA implementation to give the second MRDS table its proper due as well. To find out more Essential SNA: Building the Basics (2010 edition), Section IV.4 The 2008 SNA, European Commission, IMF, OECD, UN, World Bank, 2009, Chapter XV: Price and volume measure. Handbook on price and volume measures in national accounts, Eurostat,

Introduction to Supply and Use Tables, part 2 Data Sources and Compilation 1

Introduction to Supply and Use Tables, part 2 Data Sources and Compilation 1 Introduction to Supply and Use Tables, part 2 Data Sources and Compilation 1 Introduction This paper continues the series dedicated to extending the contents of the Handbook Essential SNA: Building the

More information

การจ ดประเภทมาตรฐานอ ตสาหกรรมประเทศไทย ป 2552

การจ ดประเภทมาตรฐานอ ตสาหกรรมประเทศไทย ป 2552 Thailand Standard Industrial Classification : TSIC-2009 การจ ดประเภทมาตรฐานอ ตสาหกรรมประเทศไทย ป 2552 Employment Promotion Division Department of Employment Ministry of Labour MAY 22, 2014 International

More information

Statistical experience in compiling the input-output tables (IOT) based on the Chilean National Accounts 2008 Benchmark Compilation 1

Statistical experience in compiling the input-output tables (IOT) based on the Chilean National Accounts 2008 Benchmark Compilation 1 Statistical experience in compiling the input-output tables (IOT) based on the Chilean National Accounts 2008 Benchmark Compilation 1 Simón Guerrero H. 1 This paper is based on the methodological developments

More information

Volume measures in national accounts. IMF Statistics Department

Volume measures in national accounts. IMF Statistics Department Volume measures in national accounts IMF Statistics Department Outline of this lecture Why volume measures? Volume measures in SNA main principles Methods for deriving volume measures by transaction category

More information

Price and volume measures in national accounts - Resources

Price and volume measures in national accounts - Resources Price and volume measures in national accounts - Resources by A. Faramondi, S. Pisani 16-20 march 2014 CATEGORY (1) and output for own final use Output for own final use is to be valued at the basic prices

More information

ISIC 4 and its application rules, including the example of outsourcing 1

ISIC 4 and its application rules, including the example of outsourcing 1 ISIC 4 and its application rules, including the example of outsourcing 1 Introduction This paper continues the series dedicated to extending the contents of the Handbook Essential SNA: Building the Basics

More information

Gross Domestic Product of Georgia in 2010

Gross Domestic Product of Georgia in 2010 Gross Domestic Product of Georgia in 2010 The real growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Georgia in 2010 amounted to 6.4 percent and deflator grew by 8.7 percent year-on-year. In the same period the

More information

Lesson IV: Economic Flows and Stocks

Lesson IV: Economic Flows and Stocks Lesson IV: Economic Flows and Stocks An Introduction to System of National Accounts - Basic Concepts Sixth e-learning Course on the 2008 System of National Accounts September November 2014 1 Content Definition

More information

Regional Workshop on Measuring the Informal Sector and the Non-Observed Economy 4 7 October 2015 Tehran NON OBSERVED ECONOMY IN NATIONAL ACCOUNTS

Regional Workshop on Measuring the Informal Sector and the Non-Observed Economy 4 7 October 2015 Tehran NON OBSERVED ECONOMY IN NATIONAL ACCOUNTS Regional Workshop on Measuring the Informal Sector and the Non-Observed Economy 4 7 October 2015 Tehran NON OBSERVED ECONOMY IN NATIONAL ACCOUNTS Bengi YOSUNKAYA (Annual Accounts Group) 1 Content Introduction

More information

Module One: Review and Assessment of Economic Census Tools. Session 1.3: Fundamental Principles of Questionnaire Design Economic Census / Surveys

Module One: Review and Assessment of Economic Census Tools. Session 1.3: Fundamental Principles of Questionnaire Design Economic Census / Surveys Module One: Review and Assessment of Economic Census Tools Session 1.3: Fundamental Principles of Questionnaire Design Economic Census / Surveys Aloke Kar Indian Statistical Institute Regional Course on

More information

Gross Capital Formation in current and constant prices, part 1: Gross Fixed Capital Formation 1

Gross Capital Formation in current and constant prices, part 1: Gross Fixed Capital Formation 1 Gross Capital Formation in current and constant prices, part 1: Gross Fixed Capital Formation 1 Introduction This paper continues the series dedicated to extending the contents of the Handbook Essential

More information

E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT

E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT IN AFRICA ACS/ESNA 2017 Session 3: Steps for compilation of SUTs Outline of presentation 1. Outline of Steps to compile SUTs 2. Establishing five tables (unbalanced) Table

More information

Handbook on prices and volume measures in national accounts

Handbook on prices and volume measures in national accounts ISSN 1681-4789 2315-0815 Manuals and guidelines Handbook on prices and volume measures in national accounts 2016 edition Manuals and guidelines Handbook on prices and volume measures in national accounts

More information

Compilation of use tables at basic prices and split to domestic production and imports in Hungary

Compilation of use tables at basic prices and split to domestic production and imports in Hungary 22nd International Input-Output Conference Lisbon, Portugal, July 14 18, 2014 Compilation of use tables at basic prices and split to domestic production and imports in Hungary Mária Forgon and Éva Varga

More information

E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT

E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT IN AFRICA ACS/ESNA 2017 Session 1-Reading Materials: GDP Estimation by Production, Income and Expenditure Approaches GDP estimation by production, income and expenditure

More information

Foreword. Sarajevo, September Zdenko Milinović

Foreword. Sarajevo, September Zdenko Milinović 2 Foreword Development of the Structural Business Statistics started through the support projects to the statistical system of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the objective of training staff for conducting

More information

Economic Surveys Results. Release Date : Oct 2015

Economic Surveys Results. Release Date : Oct 2015 Economic Surveys Results 2014 Release Date : Oct 2015 Table of Contents Introduction 4 Key Points 5 Analysis of Results 6 3.1 Value added 6 3.2 Total production 7 3.3 Gross fixed capital formation 8 3.4

More information

The Supply and Use Framework of National Accounts

The Supply and Use Framework of National Accounts The Supply and Use Framework of National Accounts Joerg Beutel Konstanz University of Applied Sciences, Konstanz, Germany beutel@htwg-konstanz.de 1. Introduction The System of National Accounts 2008 -

More information

Documentation of the GDP indicator

Documentation of the GDP indicator Documentation of the GDP indicator November 2016 Statistics Denmark Sejrøgade 11 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark by Bahar Dudus, bdu@dst.dk Daniel F. Gustafsson, dfg@dst.dk Rasmus Rold Sørensen Carmela Moreno,

More information

E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT

E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT IN AFRICA ACS/ESNA 2017 Session 9- Informal sector Outline of the presentation Informal economy Operational guidelines for identifying informal sector and Informal employment

More information

National Accounts Framework in the ICP

National Accounts Framework in the ICP Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized International Comparison Program National Accounts Framework in the ICP Global Office

More information

E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT

E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT E-TRAINING ON COMPILATION OF SUT IN AFRICA ACS/ESNA 2017 Session 2: Supply and Use Tables Overview of supply and use tables Structure of supply table domestic production columns Outline of presentation

More information

Intellectual property

Intellectual property Intellectual property products and macroeconomic statistics Presentation to IGA seminar "Economic globalisation: addressing measurement challenges related to IPPs" 16 March 2018, Luxembourg Content IPP

More information

DATA TEMPLATE FOR HIGH FREQUENCY INDICATORS. EXPERT GROUP MEETING ON ECONOMIC STATISTICS AND NATIONAL ACCOUNTS Amman, July 2011

DATA TEMPLATE FOR HIGH FREQUENCY INDICATORS. EXPERT GROUP MEETING ON ECONOMIC STATISTICS AND NATIONAL ACCOUNTS Amman, July 2011 DATA TEMPLATE FOR HIGH FREQUENCY INDICATORS EXPERT GROUP MEETING ON ECONOMIC STATISTICS AND NATIONAL ACCOUNTS Amman, 12-14 July 2011 Data Template Work already done at international level on Data Template

More information

A link to the presentations from the day will be available in the next few days at:

A link to the presentations from the day will be available in the next few days at: A link to the presentations from the day will be available in the next few days at: http://www.nwpp.ie/ The role of Waste Prevention and Resource Efficiency in Irish businesses Neil Walker, Head of Energy

More information

Definitions in SNA 2008

Definitions in SNA 2008 Definitions in SNA 2008 Statistics of International Trade in Service: Challenges and Good Practices Regional Workshop for South-East Asian Countries Hanoi, Vietnam, 30 November 3 December 2010 United Nations

More information

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS METHODS TO ACHIEVE EXHAUSTIVENESS

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS METHODS TO ACHIEVE EXHAUSTIVENESS Chapter 5 NATIONAL ACCOUNTS METHODS TO ACHIEVE EXHAUSTIVENESS 5.1. Introduction... 69 5.2. Production Approach: General Methods... 70 5.2.1. Introduction... 70 5.2.2. Supply Based Methods... 71 5.2.3.

More information

Sources for GDP and Its Components

Sources for GDP and Its Components 3 Sources for GDP and Its Components This chapter describes the process of identifying and assessing the data sources for compiling quarterly estimates of gross domestic product (GDP). It is not possible

More information

1. Economy. Economic Aggregates. Merchandise Foreign Trade. Prices. Financial Statistics. Government Finance. Wages and Compensation

1. Economy. Economic Aggregates. Merchandise Foreign Trade. Prices. Financial Statistics. Government Finance. Wages and Compensation 1. Economy Economic Aggregates Merchandise Foreign Trade Prices Financial Statistics Government Finance Wages and Compensation Foreign Investment 12 Statistical Yearbook of Abu Dhabi 2015 Statistical Yearbook

More information

Quality report On Labour Cost Survey 2012 Macedonia. Prepared by: Elena Peeska Dejan Peeski

Quality report On Labour Cost Survey 2012 Macedonia. Prepared by: Elena Peeska Dejan Peeski Quality report On Labour Cost Survey 2012 Macedonia Prepared by: Elena Peeska Dejan Peeski December 2014 CONTENT 1. Relevance... 3 2. Accuracy... 3 2.1. Sampling errors... 5 2.2. Non-sampling errors...

More information

MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND INVESTMENT LAO STATISTICS BUREAU

MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND INVESTMENT LAO STATISTICS BUREAU Workshop on Energy Statistics for ASEAN Countries Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 21-23 November 2016 Data Collection On Energy Statistics and Using Data to Establish The Supply and Use Table Sypaseut NAVONGSA

More information

Joensuu, Finland, August 20 26, 2006

Joensuu, Finland, August 20 26, 2006 Session Number: Session 2C Session Title: New Developments in the Compilation of Supply and Use Tables and Input-Output Tables Session Organizer(s): Liv Hobbelstad Simpson, Statistics Norway, Oslo, Norway

More information

The Gross National Product (GNP) is GDP added by net foreign income. National Income is GNP deducted by indirect net taxes (net) and depreciation.

The Gross National Product (GNP) is GDP added by net foreign income. National Income is GNP deducted by indirect net taxes (net) and depreciation. M E T A D A T A BASIC INFORMATION 1 Data Category : Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 2 Statistics Disseminator : Statistics Department, Bank Indonesia 3 Address : Jl. M.H. Thamrin No. 2 Jakarta 4 Contact :

More information

Productivity Key measurement challenges

Productivity Key measurement challenges Productivity Key measurement challenges Anita Wölfl, OECD Statistics Directorate OECD Workshop on Productivity, Paris, 5-6 November 2012 Measuring Productivity why and how? Why - Productivity is again

More information

INTERNATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS ON DISTRIBUTIVE TRADE STATISTICS

INTERNATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS ON DISTRIBUTIVE TRADE STATISTICS INTERNATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS ON DISTRIBUTIVE TRADE STATISTICS ANNOTATED OUTLINE - Draft - INTRODUCTION A. Foreword 1. Historical background The IRDTS were first formulated in 1956 and revised in 1975.

More information

PART IV. Conceptual and Theoretical Issues

PART IV. Conceptual and Theoretical Issues PART IV Conceptual and Theoretical Issues 14. The System of Price Statistics A. Introduction 14.1 This chapter is about value aggregates and their associated price indices in an integrated system of economic

More information

The informal sector and the 2008 SNA framework

The informal sector and the 2008 SNA framework The informal sector and the 2008 SNA framework Regional Workshop on Measuring the Informal Sector and the Non-Observed Economy 4-7 October 2015 Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran United Nations Statistics

More information

Table of contents for Statistics Denmark s input-output tables, 69 industries including two preliminary years. New edition in English, June 2016.

Table of contents for Statistics Denmark s input-output tables, 69 industries including two preliminary years. New edition in English, June 2016. Table of contents for Statistics Denmark s input-output tables, 69 industries including two preliminary years. New edition in English, June 2016. Matricer Name Row Col From To DZB_fyy 69 69 Danish industries

More information

METHODOLOGICAL EXPLANATION INPUT-OUTPUT TABLES, SUPPLY AND USE TABLES

METHODOLOGICAL EXPLANATION INPUT-OUTPUT TABLES, SUPPLY AND USE TABLES METHODOLOGICAL EXPLANATION INPUT-OUTPUT TABLES, SUPPLY AND USE TABLES This methodological explanation relates to the data release: - Supply and use tables, input-output tables, Slovenia, annually (First

More information

Eurostat s ESA 95 manual on Input-Output: Valuation matrices (First complete draft)

Eurostat s ESA 95 manual on Input-Output: Valuation matrices (First complete draft) 13 th International Conference on Input-Output Techniques 21 25 August 2000, Macerata, Italy Session 10.4 Eurostat s ESA 95 manual on Input-Output: Valuation matrices (First complete draft) Norbert RAINER

More information

INFORMALITY AND BEYOND WHAT WE REALLY KNOW THE FOURTH IMF STATISTICAL FORUM LIFTING THE SMALL BOATS: STATISTICS FOR INCLUSIVE GROWTH

INFORMALITY AND BEYOND WHAT WE REALLY KNOW THE FOURTH IMF STATISTICAL FORUM LIFTING THE SMALL BOATS: STATISTICS FOR INCLUSIVE GROWTH INFORMALITY AND BEYOND WHAT WE REALLY KNOW THE FOURTH IMF STATISTICAL FORUM LIFTING THE SMALL BOATS: STATISTICS FOR INCLUSIVE GROWTH Roberto Luis Olinto Ramos Diretor de Pesquisas Washington DC November

More information

ANNUAL QUALITY REPORT

ANNUAL QUALITY REPORT REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA ANNUAL QUALITY REPORT FOR THE SURVEY GROSS INVESTMENTS IN FIXED ASSETS (INV-1, INV-3) FOR 2012 Prepared by: Edita Glinšek Date: January 2014 1/1 0 Table of Contents 0 Methodological

More information

National Employment Returns (NER) 2016

National Employment Returns (NER) 2016 National Employment Returns (NER) 2016 National Economic Outlook Conference (NEOC) 2018-2019 November 2017 1 1 2 3 To update the profile of the Malaysian workforce To provide information on all categories

More information

ASSESSMENT REPORT ON COMPLIANCE OF THE INDUSTRIAL STATISTICS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA WITH THE LATEST INTERNATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS

ASSESSMENT REPORT ON COMPLIANCE OF THE INDUSTRIAL STATISTICS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA WITH THE LATEST INTERNATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS ASSESSMENT REPORT ON COMPLIANCE OF THE INDUSTRIAL STATISTICS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA WITH THE LATEST INTERNATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS This document was prepared based on results of the mission of UNIDO

More information

The output of Environmental Goods and Services Sector in Poland

The output of Environmental Goods and Services Sector in Poland Broniewicz E. (2016), The of Environmental Goods and Services Sector in Poland, Journal of International Studies, Vol. 9, No 3, pp. 53-61. DOI: 10.14254/2071-8330.2016/9-3/4 The of Environmental Goods

More information

CHAPTER V. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS. A. Need for performance indicators

CHAPTER V. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS. A. Need for performance indicators CHAPTER V. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS A. Need for performance indicators 5.1. The increasing demand for information to asses businesses status in distributive trade sector in the areas of profitability, productivity

More information

Quarterly National Accounts in Korea. Contributors

Quarterly National Accounts in Korea. Contributors Quarterly National Accounts in Korea No reproduction, copy, transmission or translation of this publication may be made without witten permission. Application should be sent to the National Income Statistics

More information

International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC)

International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) ST/ESA/STAT/SER.M/4/Rev.3.1 DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS STATISTICS DIVISION STATISTICAL PAPERS SERIES M NO. 4, REV.3.1 International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities

More information

EU KLEMS Growth and Productivity Accounts 2013 update1

EU KLEMS Growth and Productivity Accounts 2013 update1 EU KLEMS Growth and Productivity Accounts 2013 update1 Description of methodology and country notes for Belgium Prepared by Reitze Gouma and Marcel Timmer (Groningen Growth and Development Centre) Introduction

More information

Chapter 23: Classifications

Chapter 23: Classifications Chapter 23: Classifications Regrouping and coding of industries (A) and products (P) The classifications of activities and products to be used are NACE Rev. 2 and CPA 2008. The corresponding aggregations

More information

EXTENSION. The Economic Impact of a Commercial Cattle Operation in a Rural Nebraska County. Key Findings EC856

EXTENSION. The Economic Impact of a Commercial Cattle Operation in a Rural Nebraska County. Key Findings EC856 EXTENSION The Economic Impact of a Commercial Cattle Operation in a Rural Nebraska County David J. Peters Extension Rural Economic Development Specialist EC856 The purpose of this analysis is to estimate

More information

Nigerian Gross Domestic Product Report

Nigerian Gross Domestic Product Report Issue 01 Quarter: One Year: 2014 Nigerian Gross Domestic Product Report Quarter One 2014 NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS Overview of GDP in Quarter One 2014 In the first quarter of 2014, Nigeria s Nominal

More information

Usage, Concepts and Methods

Usage, Concepts and Methods Productionand Turnover Indices: Usage, Concepts and Methods Expert Group Meeting on Short Term Statistics 16 18 February 2016 Amman, Jordan Production and Turnover Indices Overview 1. What they are Definitions

More information

Introduction to Satellite Accounts

Introduction to Satellite Accounts Module-I: LN 8 Lecture Notes Introduction to Satellite Accounts Training Course Material for e-library on System of National Accounts March 2009 Introduction to Satellite Accounts This lecture note is

More information

Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD OCDE Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development STATISTICS DIRECTATE National Accounts OECD MEETING OF NATIONAL ACCOUNTS EXPERTS

More information

THE PRESENT SITUATION IN THE NATIONAL ACCOUNTS STATISTICS: SOME PROBLEM AREAS

THE PRESENT SITUATION IN THE NATIONAL ACCOUNTS STATISTICS: SOME PROBLEM AREAS THE PRESENT SITUATION IN THE NATIONAL ACCOUNTS STATISTICS: SOME PROBLEM AREAS PREPARED BY: HERZIE MOHAMED NORDIN SYED IBRAHIM MOHD JAMALUDIN PRESENTED FOR: REGIONAL COURSE ON SNA 2008 : IMPROVING EXHAUSTIVENESS

More information

Table 1. Gross Domestic Product of Bangladesh at Current Prices, to

Table 1. Gross Domestic Product of Bangladesh at Current Prices, to Table 1. Gross Domestic Product of Bangladesh at Current Prices, 2010-11 to 2014-15 (Million Taka) A. Agriculture 1,539,506 1,707,064 1,857,524 2,062,758 2,240,810 1. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY 1,254,686

More information

Agriculture in National Accounts: Value added in current and constant prices 1

Agriculture in National Accounts: Value added in current and constant prices 1 Agriculture in National Accounts: Value added in current and constant prices 1 Introduction This paper continues the series dedicated to extending the contents of the Handbook Essential SNA: Building the

More information

Metadata: Number of employers and employees

Metadata: Number of employers and employees Number of employers and employees - Metadata 1 (8) Metadata: Number of employers and employees 0. Registration entry for subjects 0.1 Name Number of employers and employees 0.2 Subject area Enterprises

More information

A Comparison of Contributions to the Canadian Economy of Key Bulk Commodity Shippers and Rail Freight Carriers

A Comparison of Contributions to the Canadian Economy of Key Bulk Commodity Shippers and Rail Freight Carriers Policy and Economic Analysis Program Rotman School of Management University of Toronto 140 St. George St., Ste 325 Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G6 Final Report October 2009 A Comparison of Contributions to the

More information

In order to measure industry total factor productivity

In order to measure industry total factor productivity The Challenge of Total Factor Productivity Measurement Erwin Diewert * Department of Economics University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada In order to measure industry total factor productivity accurately,

More information

Chapter 3: Industry sectors

Chapter 3: Industry sectors Chapter 3: Industry sectors Key facts The majority of s GVA ( 6.7bn in 2014) is generated by service-based industries, but production and manufacturing play a greater role in the County than at a national

More information

Ashford Economy Overview. Emsi Q Data Set, Sept 2018

Ashford Economy Overview. Emsi Q Data Set, Sept 2018 Ashford Economy Overview Emsi Q1 2018 Data Set, Sept 2018 Economy Overview Ashford Emsi Q1 2018 Data Set September 2018 Emsi Q1 2018 Data Set www.economicmodeling.com 1 Parameters Regions Code 29UB Description

More information

Harmonised Approach for ARD Implementation Strategy: common strategic framework, data and

Harmonised Approach for ARD Implementation Strategy: common strategic framework, data and Harmonised Approach for ARD Implementation Strategy: common strategic framework, data and meta data template and diagnostic tool Ivo Havinga United Nations Statistics Division/DESA Presentation prepared

More information

Statistical Methods and Empirical Research on Consumer Services in Beijing

Statistical Methods and Empirical Research on Consumer Services in Beijing Proceedings 59th ISI World Statistics Congress, 25-30 August 2013, Hong Kong (Session CPS028) p.4135 Statistical Methods and Empirical Research on Consumer Services in Beijing Xu Yan Beijing Municipal

More information

Turnover/Output for Specialized Design Activities in Canada

Turnover/Output for Specialized Design Activities in Canada Turnover/Output for Specialized Design Activities in Canada 29th Voorburg Group Meeting Fred Barzyk Dublin, Ireland September 22 nd to 26 th, 2014 Definition of the service (1) By industry - NAICS 2012

More information

Distinction between public and private sector and between market and non-market public bodies

Distinction between public and private sector and between market and non-market public bodies November 2004 United Kingdom ONS Distinction between public and private sector and between market and non-market public bodies 1 The distinction between public and private sector bodies. The UK bases its

More information

System of National Accounts 2008

System of National Accounts 2008 Statistical Commission Fortieth session 24 27 February 2009 Item 3(e) of the provisional agenda Items for discussion and decision: National accounts Background document Available in English only System

More information

Response charts for 'Quality Framework for Traineeships'

Response charts for 'Quality Framework for Traineeships' Response charts for 'Quality Framework for Traineeships' Current search: Query definition All data requested Result pages There are 694 responses matching your criteria of a total of 694 records in the

More information

Estimated Employment Multipliers for the City of Johannesburg

Estimated Employment Multipliers for the City of Johannesburg Estimated Employment Multipliers for the City of Johannesburg Undertaken by Trade & Industrial Policy Strategies (TIPS) for The City of Johannesburg Metro 2015 Estimation of employment multipliers for

More information

Producer Price Index during December 2016

Producer Price Index during December 2016 Producer Price Index during December 2016 The Producer Price Index increased by 0.8% month-on-month in December 2016 in year-on-year terms it increased by 1.8%. The month-on-month changes in the major

More information

Integration of environmental activity accounts

Integration of environmental activity accounts Report Integration of environmental activity accounts Statistics Netherlands National Accounts Department Sjoerd Schenau Contact: Sjoerd Schenau (sscn@cbs.nl) Content 1. Introduction 3 2. The issue 4 2.1

More information

Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics Economic Statistics Directorate

Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics Economic Statistics Directorate Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics Economic Statistics Directorate The Services Survey 2002 User s Guide Raw Data Table of Contents Concepts and Definition Survey Questionnaire Data Set linkage Target

More information

SEEA Extensions and applications

SEEA Extensions and applications SEEA Extensions and applications Perspectives on environmental inputoutput modelling Joe St. Lawrence October 3 rd, 2012 Overview Material flows from a demand perspective Footprints Aggregation effects

More information

AGRICULTURE IN QUARTERLY NATIONAL ACCOUNTS: ALLOCATION OF OUTPUT TO NON-HARVEST QUARTERS? Author: Adriaan M. Bloem 1

AGRICULTURE IN QUARTERLY NATIONAL ACCOUNTS: ALLOCATION OF OUTPUT TO NON-HARVEST QUARTERS? Author: Adriaan M. Bloem 1 AGRICULTURE IN QUARTERLY NATIONAL ACCOUNTS: ALLOCATION OF OUTPUT TO NON-HARVEST QUARTERS? Author: Adriaan M. Bloem 1 1 The author is Chief of the Real Sector Division, Statistics Department of the IMF.

More information

Balance of Payments Classification of Services Progress and Unresolved Issues. Note by OECD Statistics Directorate

Balance of Payments Classification of Services Progress and Unresolved Issues. Note by OECD Statistics Directorate ESA/STAT/AC.103/20 21 June 2005 UNITED NATIONS DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS STATISTICS DIVISION Meeting of the Expert Group on International Economic and Social Classifications New York, 20-24

More information

Economic Contribution of the U.S. Lead Battery Industry

Economic Contribution of the U.S. Lead Battery Industry Economic Contribution of the U.S. Lead Battery Industry Prepared for: Battery Council International 330 N. Wabash Ave., Suite 2000 Chicago, IL 60611 Prepared by: Economic Development Research Group, Inc.

More information

Swale economy overview. Emsi Q Data Set, Sept 2018

Swale economy overview. Emsi Q Data Set, Sept 2018 Swale economy overview Emsi Q1 2018 Data Set, Sept 2018 Economy Overview Swale Emsi Q1 2018 Data Set September 2018 Emsi Q1 2018 Data Set www.economicmodeling.com 1 Parameters Regions Code 29UM Description

More information

Source: ONS - PROV - Sic07 Industry (2) SIC2007 Table 4.7a Annual pay - Gross 2013

Source: ONS - PROV - Sic07 Industry (2) SIC2007 Table 4.7a Annual pay - Gross 2013 Annual average income - Gross ( ) - For all employee jobs: United Kingdom, 2013 FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE ACTIVITIES MINING AND QUARRYING ELECTRICITY, GAS, STEAM AND AIR CONDITIONING SUPPLY INFORMATION AND

More information

Updated System of National Accounts (SNA): Chapter 5: Enterprises, establishments and industries

Updated System of National Accounts (SNA): Chapter 5: Enterprises, establishments and industries Statistical Commission Thirty-ninth session 26 29 February 2008 Item 3(d) of the provisional agenda Items for discussion and decision: National accounts Background document Available in English only Updated

More information

Conceptual Issues: Coverage and Units

Conceptual Issues: Coverage and Units Regional Course on Statistical Business Registers: Making a Business Case for an Operational Statistical Business Register 26 30 January 2015 Sungkai, Perak, Malaysia Conceptual Issues: Coverage and Units

More information

10th Meeting of the Advisory Expert Group on National Accounts, April 2016, Paris, France

10th Meeting of the Advisory Expert Group on National Accounts, April 2016, Paris, France SNA/M1.16/4 10th Meeting of the Advisory Expert Group on National Accounts, 13-15 April 2016, Paris, France Agenda item: 4 The Internet economy Introduction This paper presents the challenges which the

More information

INTERNATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL STATISTICS 2008

INTERNATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL STATISTICS 2008 Statistical Commission Thirty-ninth session 26-29 February 2008 Item 3 (h) of the provisional agenda Background document Available in English only Items for discussion and decision: Industrial statistics

More information

Output Measurement of Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services

Output Measurement of Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services Output Measurement of Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services Content 1 Overview of the industry 2 Gross revenue 3 Net revenue 4 Measurement methods and issues 5 Evaluation of Methods 1 Travel Arrangement

More information

DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY SECTORS IN THE BALTIC STATES IN

DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY SECTORS IN THE BALTIC STATES IN ECONOMICS DOI:10.22616/rrd.23.2017.056 DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN THE THE BALTIC STATES IN 2005-2015 Riga Technical University, Latvia Liana.Supe@rtu.lv; Inguna.Jurgelane@rtu.lv Abstract The processes of globalization

More information

THE DISTRIBUTION OF FARM PERFORMANCE: DRAFT TERMS OF REFERENCE

THE DISTRIBUTION OF FARM PERFORMANCE: DRAFT TERMS OF REFERENCE THE DISTRIBUTION OF FARM PERFORMANCE: DRAFT TERMS OF REFERENCE 1. Background It has been suggested that OECD work under the 2011-12 PWB adopt an innovation system approach. The scoping paper of the project

More information

USING IMPLAN TO ASSESS LOCAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS. David Mulkey and Alan W. Hodges. Introduction 1

USING IMPLAN TO ASSESS LOCAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS. David Mulkey and Alan W. Hodges. Introduction 1 USING IMPLAN TO ASSESS LOCAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS David Mulkey and Alan W. Hodges Introduction 1 Policymakers, industry officials, and others often need information on the total economic impacts of specific

More information

Business Analysis for Engineers Prof. S. Vaidhyasubramaniam Adjunct Professor, School of Law SASTRA University-Thanjavur

Business Analysis for Engineers Prof. S. Vaidhyasubramaniam Adjunct Professor, School of Law SASTRA University-Thanjavur Business Analysis for Engineers Prof. S. Vaidhyasubramaniam Adjunct Professor, School of Law SASTRA University-Thanjavur Lecture -37 Introduction to GDP Last class, I ended up stressing on, the importance

More information

ANNUAL QUALITY REPORT

ANNUAL QUALITY REPORT REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA ANNUAL QUALITY REPORT FOR THE SURVEY STRUCTURAL BUSINESS STATISTICS FOR YEAR 2007 Prepared by: Barbara Dremelj Ribič, Nataša Pušlar Car Date: 24.05.2010 1/8 Table of contents 0 Basic

More information

Informal sector activity Methods and Estimation Techniques

Informal sector activity Methods and Estimation Techniques Informal sector activity Methods and Estimation Techniques Regional Workshop on National Accounts and the development of Economic Statistics Infrastructure within the SDGs Framework 15-18 May 2017 Amman,

More information

Price and cost indicators for the euro area: an overview

Price and cost indicators for the euro area: an overview Price and cost indicators for the euro area: an overview The two pillars of the Eurosystem s monetary policy strategy represent, on the one hand, a prominent role for money, signalled by the announcement

More information

Mini-presentation on Turnover/Output for Office Administrative and Support Activities (ISIC 8210) in Poland

Mini-presentation on Turnover/Output for Office Administrative and Support Activities (ISIC 8210) in Poland 30 th Voorburg Group Meeting Sydney, Australia September 21 st to September 25 th, 2015 Mini-presentation on Turnover/Output for Office Administrative and Support Activities (ISIC 8210) in Poland Central

More information

Foreign Affiliate Trade Statistics of Spanish Companies abroad (OUTWARD FATS) Methodology

Foreign Affiliate Trade Statistics of Spanish Companies abroad (OUTWARD FATS) Methodology Foreign Affiliate Trade Statistics of Spanish Companies abroad (OUTWARD FATS) Methodology Table of contents Foreign Affiliate Trade Statistics of Spanish Companies abroad Methodology 1 Aims and need for

More information

Organization and methodology of domestic trade statistics in the Russian Federation

Organization and methodology of domestic trade statistics in the Russian Federation Organization and methodology of domestic trade statistics in the Russian Federation 1. The trade is on of the major economic branches in terms of added value volume produced. It contributed 22% of Russian

More information

Improving Business Services Price Indexes in Canada

Improving Business Services Price Indexes in Canada Improving Business Services Price Indexes in Canada INTRODUCTION Statistics Canada 1 May, 2004 1. As in most developed economies, services have become increasingly important to the Canadian economy relative

More information

Chapter 2 Product Costing Concepts and Systems

Chapter 2 Product Costing Concepts and Systems Chapter 2 Product Costing Concepts and Systems LO 1: Understand and apply the concepts of cost, opportunity cost, committed cost, fixed cost, variable cost and sunk cost. Opportunity cost: The highest

More information

From: Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities. Access the complete publication at:

From: Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities. Access the complete publication at: From: Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities Access the complete publication at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264189232-en Data requirements Please cite this chapter as: OECD/Eurostat

More information

Appendix A NAICS Codes and Titles

Appendix A NAICS Codes and Titles Appendix A NAICS Codes and Titles The current analysis of the US economy uses a classification system that is based on the 6-digit North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) introduced in year

More information

PAC EXPENDITURE QUESTIONNAIRE ON POLLUTION ABATEMENT AND CONTROL EXPENDITURE

PAC EXPENDITURE QUESTIONNAIRE ON POLLUTION ABATEMENT AND CONTROL EXPENDITURE PAC EXPENDITURE QUESTIONNAIRE ON POLLUTION ABATEMENT AND CONTROL EXPENDITURE TABLE OF CONTENTS INT_DEF Introductory notes and Definitions 1 Public Sector 2 Business Sector 2A Agriculture, hunting, fishing,

More information

BUSINESS DEMOGRAPHY BY 31 st OF DECEMBER 2014 Introduction Similar to statistics of human population, business demography describes the life cycle of

BUSINESS DEMOGRAPHY BY 31 st OF DECEMBER 2014 Introduction Similar to statistics of human population, business demography describes the life cycle of BUSINESS DEMOGRAPHY BY 31 st OF DECEMBER 214 Introduction Similar to statistics of human population, business demography describes the life cycle of the enterprises; their birth, survival and development

More information