Why did the U.S. experience so much political and social change during the 1920s?

Transcription

1 Boom & Bust SS8

2 Why did the U.S. experience so much political and social change during the 1920s? Warm UP: Timeline of the 20 s pre-assessment Record the significance or importance of the events on the timeline. If you do not know, leave it blank Brainstorm and list any facts you do know about the 1920 s

3 1920 s Key people and terms Warren Harding 29 th US president Calvin Coolidge- 30 th US president Isolationism policy of a nation to avoid affairs with other countries Laissez-faire government policy of the government to not interfere with private business Flapper - a fashionable young woman intent on enjoying herself and flouting conventional standards of behavior. Prohibition banning of manufacturing and sale of alcohol Great Migration movement of ½ million African Americans moved north in hopes of a better life Harlem Renaissance Growth of African-American artistic creativity during the 1920 s Bigotry- intolerance of those different from oneself

4 After WWI: European nations struggled to recover, the US entered into a period of great growth Labor shortages during the war more efficient means of production higher profits/ growing companies New inventions higher salaries for workers Greater leisure time Consumerism (economic principle that increased buying is beneficial for the economy)

5 Activity Background Analysis worksheet: Read each of the 1920 s categories and answer the questions Reflect: Write a response to the following: Compare pop culture in the 1920 s to pop culture today. How are they similar? How are they different?

6 Celebrity Meet and Greet Step 1: Read your mini-biography about this famous icon of the 1920s Step 2: Answer the question- Why is this person important to the 1920s? Step 3: Create a 6 Word Bio about your person and write it on the index card- use colors and pictures! Step 4: Meet and greet- you will go around the room and meet other famous people of the 1920s. As you meet each person- 1. Write down their name 2. Write their 6 word bio beside it

7 Celebrity Meet and Greet Step 1: Read your mini-biography about this famous icon of the 1920s Step 2: Answer the question- Why is this person important to the 1920s? Step 3: Create a 6 Word Bio about your person and write it on the index card- use colors and pictures! Step 4: Share persons: As class members share write, 1. Write down their name 2. Write their 6 word bio beside it

8 Analyzing the Celebrities Look at the bios of the people you met Categorize the celebrities as you see fit What do you notice about trends in the 1920 s? What can this tell us about life in the 1920s?

9 Warm UP: On your note-taking paper Write a response to the following questions. Make 5-6 observations about the political cartoon What is taking place in the cartoon? What is the message of the cartoon? Who might agree/ disagree with the cartoon s message? Why?

10 Mass Culture 1920 s produced a generation of artists, musicians, and writers who were among the most innovative and creative in the country's history.

11 Mass Culture Entertainment Radio Charles Limbergh flew over seas, it was aired on the radio and he became an overnight hero Phonograph Jazz, Blues, Hillbilly Music Movies Hollywood Many people went weekly to see such films featured glamour and sophistication Promoted a new popular culture with common speech, dress, behavior, heroes, and reinforce racial stereotypes. Sports Prize fighters like Jack Dempsey became national idols. Team sports flourished Americans focused on individual superstars Professional football began Baseball drew even bigger crowds George Herman ("Babe") Ruth Ty Cobb

12 Vocabulary Supply and Demand: the ratio of the availability of goods to the demand for consumers to buy them Consumerism: leads to a culture of purchasing goods at a high rate (commercialism/materialism) Overproduction: producing too many goods when demand is down Stock: owning a piece of a company (companies sell stocks to use people s money to run their business; business is good, stock value goes up; business is bad, stock value goes down) Credit: buy now, pay later Installment buying: pay in smaller sums over a period of time On-margin: buying stocks using credit

13 Setting the Stage: World War I US joined WWI in 1917 War time production called for women to join the workforce as men went off to fight

14 1920 s Economy: BOOM! World War I: war production = huge economic growth US was only major country able to export goods during the war Jobs were created in weapons factories Middle class is created with this boom in jobs and money After the war: US had no physical damage done so not a big war debt!

15 1920 s Economy: Consumerism We are going to look at several advertisements from actual newspapers, magazines, and movies Think about these questions: 1. What items are being sold? 2. Who is the target audience? 3. What were some of the phrases used to sell the item? What advertising language was used?

16 Refrigerator Flash Hands

17 Key Elements Targeting: WOMEN- most are home appliances Advertising Method: Does washing make you tired? Housework made easier. Money down and it s yours! Encourages installment buying

18 Factory Production What s new? Ford s Model T is mass produced and affordable for the average Joe Home appliances have been invented now that electricity is available in the homes Stoves, refrigerators, radios, washing machines Women returned to the homes when soldiers came back from war

19 Consumer Culture With affordable cars, people could travel further to live People now had money There were products to buy The US went consumer-happy and starting spending money! Chain stores, Nation-wide advertising, catalog shopping Living with comforts was becoming the norm

20 1920 s Economy: Farming Housewives weren t the only consumer group with shiny new products to buy New farming equipment was available to help grow and harvest crops They bought them with CREDIT The agriculture sector began to overproduce their crops

21 1920 s Economy: The Stock Market With new inventions came new business New businesses needed money so they went public- people could buy a share/stock in a company With some companies experiencing great success and people getting rich, people speculated and bought BIG in the market (this is going to bite em in the butt later) What does this all mean- I m confused So basically there is no ACTUAL money here! People are borrowing from the banks, who are borrowing from their bankers Another BIG mistake- buying on margin- meaning they borrowed money from the bank to buy stocks

22 Stock Market Simulation WARM UP: Read themint.com What is the Stock Market You have $100 You HAVE to invest at least $50 in the market You can put some into savings Use the information sheet to decide what bank you want to put it in and WHY Use the STOCK CHOICES DAY 1 to select the stocks you want to invest in and how many you want

23 Stock Market Simulation

24 Wrap up of economy War time production made the US s economy go BOOM Middle class created- they become consumers New inventions- home appliances Buying with CREDIT or in INSTALLMENTS (buy now, pay later or over time) Stocks- buying ON MARGIN (borrowing money from banks) Where do we go from here.

25 1930 s Key people and terms Herbert Hoover - 31 st president of the US Black Tuesday Stock market crash in Oct that triggered the Great Depression Great Depression characterized by great human suffering including unemployment, poverty, homelessness, and despair Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) 32 nd president of the US. New Deal set of programs meant to provide relief and end the Great Depression Dust Bowl area in the midwest with dust-damaged farms in the early 1930 s