A COMPARATIVE STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF CONNECTING ROD

Transcription

1 ABSTRACT 332 A COMPARATIVE STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF CONNECTING ROD Mohd Nawajish 1, Mohd Naimuddin 2, Mayank Undergraduate Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Moradabad Institute of Technology, Moradabad, U.P., (India) The Connecting rod is used as a major link between piston and crank shaft which transfer the motion from one part called piston to second part called crank shaft of IC engine by changing the mode of this motion i.e. from reciprocating to rotary. And also in some special cases like ginning and pressing machine connecting rod is used to convert the rotary motion into oscillating one. Generally connecting rods are made up of carbon steel and nowadays aluminum alloys are also used for manufacturing the connecting rods. In this work a comparison study is made between the results of different materials for connecting rod. And the 3D modeling and analysis of connecting rod is also incorporated in this project. FEA analysis was carried out by considering materials Al360, beryllium alloy25, Ti-13v-11Cr-3Al. In this study a solid 3D model of Connecting rod was developed using SOLIDWORKS software and an analysis was also carried out by using SOLIDWORKS Software and useful factors like von mises stress, von mises strain and displacement were obtained. Keywords- Solidworks, FE Analysis, Connecting Rod, Von Mises Stress And Strain. 1. INTRODUCTION Connecting rods are widely used in variety of engine. Its work is to transmit the thrust of piston to the transmission. It consists of a piston end, a shank section, and crank end. It has two ends one is called small or piston end and other one is big or crank end. The big end is connected to the crank or crank shaft with the help of crank pin and small end is connected to the piston with the help of piston pin. Pin holes of Piston end and crank end are so designed and machined to allow accurate fitting of bearings. There are different types of materials and production methods used in the creation of connecting rods. The most common types of Connecting rods are steel and aluminum. The most common types of manufacturing processes are casting, forging and powdered metallurgy. A further need is that the connecting rod should not buckle during operation. These requirements are used to select an appropriate cross section and material for manufacture. Lighter connecting rods help to decrease lead caused by forces of inertia in engine as it does not require big balancing weight on crank shaft. The reason for making I-section is that twice every revolution, the connecting rod comes to stop. This exerts a massive pressure on the big-end bearing and on the small-end bearing. By reducing the mass of the rod, the pressure is reduced. The typical I- section reduces the mass

2 without weakening the rod [3]. To increase the shock absorbing capacity of pin and connecting rod it should be designed proper material followed by the analysis. Connecting rod is subjected to a complex state of loading. It undergoes high cyclic loads of the order of 10^8 to 10^9 cycles, which range from high compressive loads due to combustion, to high tensile loads due to inertia [2].To design connecting rod some research work has been observed which explain further. K. Sudershn Kumar et al [5],(2012) found that Aluminum boron carbide have working factor of safety is nearer to theoretical factor of safety, 33.17% to reduce the weight, to increase the stiffness by 48.55% and to reduce the stress by10.35% and most stiffer. Tukaram S. Sarkate et al [1], (2013) carried out an analysis to find out an optimum material for connecting rod. The results obtain by FEA for both Aluminum 7068 alloy and AISI 4340 alloy steel are satisfactory for all possible loading conditions. Kuldeep B. et al [4], (2013) described in the study that Weight can be reduced by changing the material of the current Al360 connecting rod to hybrid alfasic composite. Marthanapalli HariPriya et al [6], (2013) optimized the weight of connecting rod by changing the material from carbon steel to aluminium alloy AL360 and cross section from I-section to H-section. By changing the cross section, the weight of connecting rod is reduced by 10gms. By replacing carbon steel with Aluminum alloy A360, the weight of the connecting rod reduces about 4 times than using Carbon steel since density of Aluminum alloy A360 is very less as compared with Carbon Steel. 2. PROBLEM FORMULATION The objective of present study is to do analysis of connecting rod of different materials and making a meaningful comparison among results of analysis, which can be helpful for getting suitable material for manufacturing connecting rod. And in this work a 3d model of connecting rod is also developed using solidworks which is very helpful in analysis In this study the static analysis is done by keeping the big or crank end of connecting rod fixed and different typed of loads i.e. Tensile and Compressive are applied at small or piston end. The results of analyses are noted for making helpful comparison. TABLE NO. 1. PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS MATERIALS YOUNG S MODULUS(Gpa) DENSITY(Kg/m 3 ) POISSON S RATIO YIELD SRENGHT(Mpa) AL Alloy Ti- 13v-11Cr-3Al

3 3. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Fig 1: 2D drawings of connecting rod Fig 2: 3D model of connecting rod Fig 3: Mesh view of connecting rod 334 4: von mises stress for tensile load, Fig 5: von mises strain for tensile load, AL360 AL360

4 Fig 6: Displacement for tensile load,al360 Fig 7: von mises stress for tensile load, Fig 8: von mises strain for tensile load, Fig 9: Displacement for tensile load, Fig 10: von mises stress for tensile load, Alloy 25 Fig 11: von mises strain for tensile load, Alloy25 335

5 Fig 12: Displacement for tensile load, Fig 13: von mises stress for compressive Alloy 25 load, AL 360 Fig 14: von mises strain for compressive load, Fig 15: Displacement for compressive AL 360 load, AL 360 Fig 16: von mises stress for compressive load, 336 Fig 17: von mises strain for compressive load,

6 Fig 18: Displacement for compressive load, Fig 19: von mises stress for compressive load, Alloy 25 Fig 20: von mises strain for compressive load, Fig 21: Displacement for compressive load, Alloy 25 Alloy RESULT AND DISCUSSION Table 2. Comparison of results Particulars AL 360 Ti alloy(ti-13v-11cr- 3Al) Alloy 25 Tensile compressive Tensile compressive Tensile compressive Von mises stress Von mises 1.588e e e e e e -4 strain Displacement 2.129e e e e e e

7 From the above table it is cleared that the von mises stress developed in connecting rod of Titanium alloy (Ti-13v-11Cr-3Al) is minimum than other two materials. The Von mises strains of Ti alloy and Alloy 25 are almost equal and smaller than that of AL360. So it is preferable to choose Titanium alloy (Ti-13v-11Cr-3Al) and Alloy 25 for connecting rod. 5. CONCLUSION: From the above results and comparison it can be noticed that (Ti-13v-11Cr-3Al) may be used for connecting rod. It is a suitable material for manufacturing of connecting rod. In the present work it is noteworthy that the economic consideration has not been incorporated. From this study it may be concluded that (1) Maximum von mises stress is developed at small end and minimum von mises stress at big end of the connecting rod. (2) Maximum von mises stress is minimum in connecting rod of. (3) Connecting rod of is more safe than AL360 and Alloy 25 based on the yield strength. 6. REFERENCES: [1] Sarkate T S, Washimkar S P, Dhulekar S S., Optimization of Steel connecting rod by aluminum connecting rod using Finite Element Analysis, Vol. 1, Issue. 1, [2] Ms. Riddhi chopde, prof. S. T. Warghat, Design and analysis of connecting rod: a review International journal of pure andapplied research in engineering and technology, 2014; volume 2 [3] Sushant,Victor Gambhir, Design and Comparative Performance Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting Rod Using Two Different Materials Namely Carbon70 Steel and Aluminum 7068 by Finite Element Analysis International journal of research in aeronautical and mechanical engineering Vol.2 Issue.6,June [4] Kuldeep B, Arun L.R, Mohammed Faheem, Analysis and optimization of connecting rod using alfasic composites, (IJIRSET)- Vol. 2, Issue 6, June 2013, ISSN: [5] K. Sudershn Kumar, Dr. K. Tirupathi Reddy, Syed Altaf Hussain, Modeling and analysis of two wheeler connecting rod International Journal of Modern Engineering Research, Sep-Oct. 2012, Vol.2, Issue.5 [6] Marthanapalli HariPriya, K.Manohar Reddy, Materialized Optimization of Connecting Rod for Four Stroke Single Cylinder Engine International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, Vol. 03,Issue