S2 Homework. Gleniffer High School

Transcription

1 S Homework Gleniffer High School 0

2 Homework Date due Parent/Guardian Signature Mark - Space / - Life on other planets / Rock Formation /7 4- The Earth / 5- Metals from the Earth /4 6 Reactivity Series /0 7- Metals / 8- Reacting Metals () /8 9- Reacting Metals () /4 0 - Soil /5 Comments

3 Find out more... Homework Space. Explain what is meant by the term Light Year and why the Light Years are used as a measure of distance instead of metres or kilometres. Assuming it takes 8 minutes for light to reach Earth from the Sun, calculate how far the light has travelled. (The speed of light in a vacuum is 00,000,000 metres per second). Name all the planets in a solar system, in order from the Sun (nearest first) You will need to conduct some research to answer the following questions 4. A planetary year is defined as the time taken for the time taken for a planet to orbit the Sun. What happens to length of a planetary year the further away a planet is from the Sun 5. Explain the barriers to human beings travelling to and landing on Mars.

4 Find out more... Homework Life on other planets. Explain what is meant by the term Habitable Zone and state the basic requirements for life as we know it.. The Kepler mission was launched to try and find earthlike planets. Briefly explain exactly what Kepler is looking to for.. So-called habitable planets in other solar systems are earth-like but may have some differences such as the amount of gravity, land area or higher/lower average temperature. Select a potential difference between Earth and a habitable planet and describe how lifeforms on that planet may be different from those on Earth. 4. It has often been imagined that humans will one day live on other planets. Give a reasoned argument as to whether or not you think this is likely to happen.

5 Find out more... Homework Rock Formation. What is meant by the erosion of a mountain? What causes it?. Describe how bits of rock from a mountain can get into the sea.. What is sediment made up of? How is sedimentary rock made? 4. Why is river sand rougher than beach sand? 5. What is: a) igneous rock b) magma c) lava? 6. Explain how: a) magma b) a volcano is formed. 7. Why are granite and basalt called igneous rocks? 4 8. a) How does the speed of cooling affect the size of the crystals in a rock? b) Why are granite crystals much larger than the crystals in basalt? 9. What is metamorphic rock? 4

6 Find out more... Homework 4 The Earth Look at this drawing of a model of the Earth For questions and X Y What is part X called? What is part Y called? A ore B core C crust D mantle A ore B core C crust D mantle The Earth was formed from 4 Weathering is A dead animals which were crushed B molten material which cooled down C large mountains which joined together D rocks which were joined together by water A the making of rocks from soil B the breaking down of rocks to make soil C a word used to describe a very windy day D the killing of soil animals in high winds 5

7 5 Rocks which are formed from molten material are called 6 Which of these metals is found pure in the Earth s crust? A carbon rocks B fossil rocks C igneous rocks D sedimentary rocks A iron B silver C aluminium D magnesium 7 If we heat lead oxide with carbon we get 8 Which of these is a metal ore? A lead metal B lead dioxide C lead sulphide D lead carbonate A carbon B limestone C lead sulphide D carbon dioxide 9 Fossils may be found in 0 Which of these is an igneous rock? A molten rocks B igneous rocks C volcanic rocks D sedimentary rocks A chalk B granite C limestone D sandstone Sedimentary rocks are formed A on high mountains B at the bottom of the sea C at the source of a river D in the core of the Earth 6

8 Homework 5 Metals from the Earth. The Earth is rich in iron, but not in native iron. Why?. Why was iron first used widely around 500 BC?. How is iron produced from iron ore? 4. There is a connection between how reactive a metal is and the way it is smelted from its compounds. What is it? 5. Use the date diagram to work out: a) how many years ago copper was first used; b) which metals could have been used in Julius Caeser s armour c) why several metals were discovered around 800AD 000AD 000 AD 000BC { Potassium Sodium, calcium Aluminium Zinc Mercury 000BC 000 BC Tin Copper, lead 4000 BC 5000BC Silver, gold 7

9 6. The consumption of copper in 98 was as follows: Country Copper Use (Thousand tonnes) USA 89 Japan 54 Germany 77 France 440 Italy 66 UK Belgium 58 Canada 4 Present this information in a bar graph 7. The growth in the production of copper ore over the last century is shown below: Year Copper Ore Production (Thousand tonnes) Year Copper Orde Production (Thousand tonnes) a) Draw a line graph showing these figures b) From your graph, predict what the ouput of copper ore was in the year

10 Find out more... Homework 6 Reactivity Series. Metals take part in some important chemical Metal oxides are produced in the reactions of metals with, e.g. magnesium reacts with oxygen to form. Lithium, and are all kept under to protect them from the atmosphere. These metals reacts slowly with the of the air. metal safety screen However, these metals react with water. water 9. What happens when shiny calcium is added to water? Name the gas produced. What is the reactivity series of metals? 4. Describe the reaction when sodium is added to water 5. Describe one way in which mercury is different from all other metals 9

11 Find out more... Homework 7 Metals ALUMINIUM CARBON SOLDER IRON RAILWAY CABLES ALLOY GOLD ELEMENTS BRASS PIPES USES USE THE WORD BOX TO FILL IN THE BLAMKS Some metals, e.g. copper, silver and are formed un-combined in the Earth s crust. Most metals are found combined with other Some metals, e.g. are extracted from their ores by heating with carbon. Some metals, e.g. 4, are extracted from their ores using electricity Metal elements and 5 (graphite) are conductors of electricity and most non-metal elements are non-conductors of electricity. The use of metals are related to their properties, e.g. METAL USE PROPERTY Iron 6 lines strong Aluminium Overhead electrical 7 good electrical conductor/low density Copper Water 8 corrosion resistant 0

12 An 9 is a mixture of metals or of metals with non-metals. Examples of alloys are stainless steel, 0 and. Metals are alloyed to change their properties for specific. 6 COPY AND COMPLETE from the list below COPPER, MAGNESIUM, IRON, CALCIUM Metals which react with water a) b) Metal(s) which do no react with water but do react with hydrochloric acid c) Metals which do not react with water or hydrochloric acid d) e) 5 4 Would it matter if you a) wore a gold ring while washing the car? b) Used magnesium for making water pipes? c) Filled an aluminium Coke can with acid? EXPLAIN your answers 6

13 Find out more... Homework 8 Reacting metals () Look at these metals in water for questions, + WATER copper no bubbles calcium lots of bubbles magnesium a few bubbles Which metal gives the strongest reaction? A copper B calcium C magnesium Which metal gives the weakest reaction? A copper B calcium C magnesium What is in the bubbles? A oxygen B hydrogen C nitrogen D carbon dioxide

14 Look at these metals in dilute sulphuric acid for questions 4-7 ACID zinc copper magnesium iron a few bubbles no bubbles many bubbles a few bubbles 4 Which metal reacts most easily? A iron B zinc C copper D magnesium 6 What is in the bubbles? A oxygen B hydrogen C nitrogen D carbon dioxide 5 Which metal reacts least? A iron B zinc C copper D magnesium 7 If the same metals were added to a different dilute acid, which metal would give the most bubbles? A iron B zinc C copper D magnesium 4

15 8 The following data shows the iron ore production of various countries in 98 (all figures are in millions of tonnes): USSR 4; Brazil 0; Australia 86; USA 75; China 70; Canada 50.5; India 40.6; South Africa 7.8; Sweden. (a) Put the information into a table (b) Draw a bar graph to show the data (c) If the total world production in 98 was 864 million tonnes, what is the percentage of the world s iron ore produced by each country? 5 4

16 Find out more... Homework 9 Reacting metals (). What would you expect to happen in each of the following cases? Say what you would expect to see, and name all the products you would expect to be formed. If you would expect no reaction to occur, say so. a) Calcium is added to water b) Silver is added to dilute hydrochloric acid c) Lead oxide is heated with magnesium d) Calcium is heated in air e) Aluminium is heated with lead f) Zinc is heated in steam 6. Potassium comes above sodium in the reactivity series. Predict how you would expect potassium to react in each of the following cases. In each case name the products you would expect to be formed. a) Potassium is heated in air b) Potassium is added to water c) Potassium is added to dilute hydrochloric acid 5

17 . Vanadium is a metal you may not have heard of before. It is used to make special steels for tools such as spanners. Vanadium comes below aluminium but above zinc in the reactivity series. Predict how you would expect vanadium to react in each of the following cases. In each case name the products you would expect to be formed. a) Vanadium is heated in air b) Vanadium is added to cold water c) Vanadium is heated in steam d) Vanadium is added to dilute hydrochloric acid e) Vanadium oxide is heated with aluminium f) Magnesium oxide is heated with Vanadium 4. Magnesium has been used for making cars because it is very light. But it is no longer used because of safety hazards. What would happen if a magnesium car caught fire, the firemen used water to fight the fire? 5. Give the names of two metals which can be obtained from their metal oxides by: a) heat alone; b) heating with carbon; c) by passing an electric current through the molten oxide 6 6

18 Find out more... Homework 0 Soil. Look at this drawing of soil and water in a test-tube. The test-tube was shaken up and the soil was left to settle. Layer Layer Layer The three layers are layer layer layer A gravel clay acid B gravel clay sand C humus acid sand D humus clay sand. The salts in sea water have come from A oil B oxygen C dissolved rocks D dissolved nitrogen. Soil is produced from rocks. Explain how. 4. What is humus? Why is it important? 5. Why is: a) soil moisture b) soil air important? 7

19 6. From the diagrams below work out: a) the mass of water in soil sample. b) the volume of air in soil sample grams of fresh soil was analysed to determine the composition. The following information was collected. Copy and complete the table below. Soil Component Mass (g) % Gravel 0 Clay 0 Sand 5 Water 8 Humus 5 8