View of a Proposed Work Item on Anti-Fouling

Transcription

1 View of a Proposed Work Item on Anti-Fouling Masashi Ono NACE International Marine Coatings Summit October 30-31, 2008 Busan, South Korea CHUGOKU MARINE PAINTS, LTD. Marine Environmental Protection The International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling System on Ship (the AFS Convention) entered into force on September 17th, International Convention for the Control and Management of Ship s Ballast Water and Sediments (Ballast Water Convention) adopted in The problem of harmful aquatic organisms in ballast water Marine Environmental Protection As the Transfer of Invasive Aquatic Species through Biofouling of Ships, regulations have take more notice and are starting to take action. Zebra Mussel Toxic Plankton Vibrio cholerae Sea Star Copper Oxide Ecological Risk Assessment has been discussed. Biofouling/Slime Biofouling/Slime 1

2 Biofouling/Algae Biofouling/Animal Fouling Biofouling/Barnacle Biofouling/Mussel Biofouling/Tube Worm Development Concept for Anti-fouling Paints High performance coating /Excellent Durability Energy Saving/Laborsaving Environmental Protection 2

3 Development of Anti-fouling Paints TBT Polymer Type Anti-fouling coatings Environmental Protection Ban of TBT Elimination or Reduction of Biocide and VOC TBT Free TBT-AF Ablation/Hydration VOC Reduction g/L Hydrolysis Copper Type Biocide Free Type Silicone Elastmer g/L Solvent Type VOC : g/L Water Base VOC : less than 200g/L Silicone Elastomer VOC : Less than 100g/L History of Anti-fouling Paints Copper Type TBT Type Others Silicone 1860 s Coal tar 1890 s Lacquer, Arsenic, 1900 s Mercury s Synthetic Resin Type 1960 s Monomer Type 1970 s Polymer Type 1980 s Tin Free Hydration /Tin Free Hydrolysis 1990 s Self-restriction in Japan 2008 AFS Convention entered into force. Tin & Copper Free Hydrolysis Low surface tension Smooth & flat surface Marine organisms are difficult to adhere and easily released Low Surface Tension Micro Surface Separation Smooth & Flat Low Friction Elasticity 1 Low Surface Tension (Energy) Silicone coatings have the low surface free energy due to the chemical structure. Moreover they are adjusted more effective surface by ingredients. Slippery Slippery 2 Micro Surface Separation Silicone coatings consist of hydrophobic materials and hydrophilic materials. It is hard to solidify protein and similar to the character of the anti-thrombus material. Therefore the heterogeneous rejection of the adhesive substances such as barnacle cement is induced, and the adhesion can be prevented. dislike dislike dislike 3 Smooth and flat Silicone coatings have the character which is going to spread with the surface tension. Therefore, ultra smooth surface is obtained. Slippery 3

4 4 Low Friction Silicone coatings are flat and smooth, and it is adjusted that a friction coefficient may become low. non stick 5 Elasticity Silicone coatings form the flat and smooth surface with elasticity. The surface with elasticity lacks stability for adhesion of marine organisms. non stick LNGC, 125,000cbm LNGC, 125,000cbm Test for Cavitation/ASTM G32-06 Test specimen ALUMINIUM BRONZE CAC703 Horn Test specimen Experimental tank Constant-temperature bath Ultrasonic Transmitter Cooling Pump 4

5 Test Result after 1houre EPOXY GLASS FLAKE MASTIC Flake off Test Result after 4houre URETHANE ELASTOMER Flake off 1hours 4hours damage Silicone Coating LNGC, 125,000cbm not remarkable damage after 6 hours 3,500TEU Container Carrier VOC of Silicone Coating Previous version 125g/l New version 51g/l New version Previous version 5

6 VOC of Silicone Coating Previous version 125g/l New version 50g/l Next version New version Hydrolysis Technology Copper-type Hydrolysis antifoulings Hydrolyzing Polymer Booster Biocides Copper-free Hydrolysis antifoulings Cuprous Oxide Next version 0g/l Hydrolyzing Polymer Booster Biocides Copper-Free Biocide-free Hydrolysis antifoulings Hydrolyzing Polymer Biocide-Free 52,000DWT, BC 32,000DWT, BC 32,000DWT, Coal Carrier 11,000GT, RORO 6

7 19,500DWT, Chemical VLCC Anti-fouling Performance 6,200TEU, Container ship Hydrolysis Type Biocide Free Hydrolysis Type Copper Free Silicone Coating Hydration Type Hazard and Risk Assessment for Biocides VOC of Tin Free Hydrolysis type PEC/PNEC Approach PEC/PNEC < 1.0 PEC : Predicted Environmental Concentration is an indication of the expected concentration in the environment. PNEC: Predicted No Effect Concentration is determined from eco-toxicity and mammalian testing. VOC 280g/l Volume Solid 70% 7

8 Electro-Conductive Coating Electro-Conductive Coating 3 years performance Anode reaction Cl - +2OH - ClO - +H 2 O+2e - Cathode reaction 2H 2 O+2e - 2OH - +H 2 Electro-Conductive Coating Electro-Conductive Coating Next Target Zero emission non-fouling coating without biocide and VOC. THANK YOU 8