Technical Development of Impurity Removal in Mineral Processing

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1 Technical Development of Impurity Removal in Mineral Processing Reduction of Arsenic in Copper Concentrates Professor Neville Plint Director: Sustainable Minerals Institute

2 The University of Queensland s Sustainable Mineral Institute Our purpose is to create change for Responsible Resource Development CRICOS code 00025B 2

3 The University of Queensland s Sustainable Mineral Institute Future Focused 1 Game changing leaders 2 Partnerships 3 Global impact Institute s strengths 4 Infrastructure UQ is a top 50 University Values driven Independent Breadth and Depth Multi-disciplinary Ranked No 1 in the world for mining and minerals engineering 2018 Shanghai Rankings global subject rankings Presentation Title Date CRICOS code 00025B 3

4 Integrated, applied research addressing global challenges Unlocking Complex Orebodies Digital Mine Transformational Learning Transforming Mine Lifecycles Organisation Governance and Leadership Social Responsibility Land Rehabilitation Geology Health and Safety Water Management Mining and Metallurgy

5 Increasing demand and decreasing grades Copper supply crunch earlier than predicted experts, Hamish Sampson, Analyst at CRU s Copper Team. Mining.com CRICOS code 00025B 5

6 Complex Orebodies Program - Undeveloped copper deposits *S&P Market Intelligence; deposits that contain >500kT Cu metal & are not production-visible Prof. Rick Valenta Program Lead and Director, Sustainable Mineral Institute. Complex orebody program. CRICOS code 00025B 6

7 Complex Orebodies Program - Undeveloped copper deposits 535mT Cu metal Prof. Rick Valenta Program Lead and Director, Sustainable Mineral Institute. Complex orebody program. CRICOS code 00025B 7

8 Complex concentrates Source: Wood Mackenzie 2013, Teck- Aurubis, Expomin 2014 (Schwartz et al 2017) Prof. Rick Valenta Program Lead and Director, Sustainable Mineral Institute. Complex orebody program. CRICOS code 00025B 8

9 Challenges of arsenic management across the value chain Mining Processing Smelting Hydro-met Tailing Economics of selective mining Similarity in physicochemical characteristics during flotation. Arsenic emissions upon roasting. Not amenable to conventional leaching technologies. Ground and surface water contaminants. Lack of market for high arsenic concentrate. High financial penalties by smelters. Requirement for Safe storage of final residues. Requirement for safe storage of final processing residues. Adapted from Maedeh Tayebi-Khorami, IMPC 2018 conference presentation CRICOS code 00025B 9

10 Is it possible to remove Arsenic bearing minerals by flotation? Chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2 ) 34wt% - Cu Chalcocite(CuS 2 ) Enargite (Cu 2 AsS 4 ) 48wt%Cu Dr. Lisa Forbes Research leader, Sustainable Mineral, Separations CRICOS code 00025B 10

11 What feed do we need for down stream processes? CRICOS code 00025B 11

12 Focus of our research Dr. Lisa Forbes Research leader, Sustainable Mineral, Separations Presentation Title Date CRICOS code 00025B 12

13 Opportunity selective separation Bulk Flotation Eh +200 Arsenic Separation Eh 0 Copper Flotation Eh +200 Tailing Dam High Cu - Low As Concentrate Low Cu - High As Concentrate Reference: Senior (2006), single mineral study CRICOS code 00025B 13

14 Can this approach be applied to a complex copper ore? Adapted from Maedeh Tayebi-Khorami, IMPC 2018 conference presentation CRICOS code 00025B 14

15 Ore deposit behaves differently Adapted from Maedeh Tayebi-Khorami, IMPC 2018 conference presentation Presentation Title Date CRICOS code 00025B 15

16 Differential size reduction Adapted from Maedeh Tayebi-Khorami, IMPC 2018 conference presentation CRICOS code 00025B 16

17 Proposed flowsheet using size deportment and electrochemistry Reference Tayebi-Khorabi, PhD Thesis, 2016, UQ CRICOS code 00025B 17

18 New developments that have the potential to enhance separation Reference: Kym Runge Group Lead SMI-JKMRC Presentation Title Date CRICOS code 00025B 18

19 International collaborations to address arsenic CRICOS code 00025B 19

20 Land rehabilitation using phyto-extraction # Springer International Publishing AG 2018 Reference: Chen et al, Chapter 18, A. van der Ent et al. (eds.), Agromining: Farming for Metals, Mineral Resource Reviews, DOI / _17 Presentation Title Date CRICOS code 00025B 20

21 Pteris vittata can grow in tailings with levels of As over 20,000ppm. Ref. P. Erskine and, A. van der Ent et al. unpublished results Presentation Title Date CRICOS code 00025B 21

22 Can plant teach us about selective separation? Reference: Adapted from Ali et al. (2009) and Briat (2010) CRICOS code 00025B 22

23 Conclusion Manage arsenic at source Value chain optimization flexible integrated circuits Opportunities for further research Presentation Title Date CRICOS code 00025B 23

24 Acknowledgements Research conducted by Maedeh Tayebi-Khorami for her PhD thesis, Supervised by M., Manlapig, E., Forbes, E., Bradshaw, D., Edraki, M Sponsored by UQ/SMI and CSIRO Contributions from Prof. Rick Valenta, Prof. Kym Runge and Prof. Peter Erskine CRICOS code 00025B 24

25 Thank you Prof. Neville Plint Director Sustainable Minerals Institute facebook.com/uniofd Sustainable Minerals Institute

26 References Abraitis, P.K., Pattrick, R.A.D., Vaughan, D.J., Variations in the compositional, textural and electrical properties of natural pyrite: a review. International Journal of Mineral Processing 74, Ekmekçi, Z., Demirel, H., Effects of galvanic interaction on collectorless flotation behaviour of chalcopyrite and pyrite. International Journal of Mineral Processing 52, Forbes, E., Smith, L., Vepsalainen, M., Effect of pyrite type on the electrochemistry of chalcopyrite/pyrite interactions. Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing In Pess. Fornasiero, D., Fullston, D., Li, C., Ralston, J., Separation of enargite and tennantite from non-arsenic copper sulfide minerals by selective oxidation or dissolution. International Journal of Mineral Processing 61, Guo, H., Yen, W.T., Selective flotation of enargite from chalcopyrite by electrochemical control. Minerals Engineering 18, Haque, N., Norgate, T., Bruckard, W.J., Techno-economic evaluation of a new early removal process to treat high-arsenic copper ores, XXV International Mineral Processing Congres, Brisbane, Australia. Heyes, G.W., Trahar, W.J., Oxidation-Reduction effects in the flotation of chalcocite and cuprite. International Journal of Mineral Processing 6, Jeldres, R.I., Forbes, L., Cisternas, L.A., Effect of Seawater on Sulfide Ore Flotation: A Review. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, Johnson, K.M., Hammarstrom, J.M., Zientek, M.L.A., Dicken, C.L., Estimate of undiscovered copper resources of the world,. Geological Survey Fact Sheet Joseph, G.N., Kundig, K.J.A., Copper: its trade, manufacture, use, and environmental status, ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA. Long, G., Peng, Y., Bradshaw, D., Flotation separation of copper sulphides from arsenic minerals at Rosebery copper concentrator. Minerals Engineering 66-68, Plackowski, C., Bruckard, W.J., Nguyen, A.V., Surface characterisation, collector adsorption and flotation response of enargite in a redox potential controlled environment. Minerals Engineering 65, Senior, G.D., Guy, P.J., Bruckard, W.J., The selective flotation of enargite from other copper minerals a single mineral study in relation to beneficiation of the Tampakan deposit in the Philippines. International Journal of Mineral Processing 81, Smith, L.K., Bruckard, W.J., The separation of arsenic from copper in a Northparkes copper gold ore using controlled-potential flotation. International Journal of Mineral Processing 84, Smith, L.K., Bruckard, W.J., Davey, K.J., The flotation behaviour of arsenic-bearing minerals in nickel sulphide flotation systems, Enviromine 2009, Santiago, Chile. Smith, L.K., Davey, K.J., Bruckard, W., The Use of Pulp Potential Control to Separate Copper and Arsenic - An Overview Based on Selected Case Studies, XXVI International Mineral Processing Congress, New Delhi, India, pp Tayebi-Khorami, M., Manlapig, E., Forbes, E., 2017a. Relating the mineralogical characteristics of tampakan ore to enargite separation. Minerals 7. Tayebi-Khorami, M., Manlapig, E., Forbes, E., Bradshaw, D., Edraki, M., 2017b. Selective flotation of enargite from copper sulphides in Tampakan deposit. Minerals Engineering 112, Tayebi-Khorami, M., Manlapig, E., Forbes, E., Edraki, M., Bradshaw, D., Effect of surface oxidation on the flotation response of enargite in a complex ore system. Minerals Engineering 119, Wilson, P.C., Chanrougx, C., Revenue, calculation and marketing; copper., in: Lanz, M.N.T. (Ed.), Cost estimation handbook for the Australian mining industry. Australasian Institute of Minging & Metallurgy. CRICOS code 00025B 26