CCAC Municipal Solid Waste Initiative African Regional Municipal Solid Waste Workshop Nice, France November 5-7, 2014 Nice, France

Transcription

1 ISWA Main Spnsrs: CCAC Municipal Slid Waste Initiative African Reginal Municipal Slid Waste Wrkshp Nice, France Nvember 5-7, 2014 Nice, France Sanitary landfill design and peratins Derek Greedy

2 Where d we want t be?

3 Optins fr Managing Open Dumps 3

4 Overview f Optins fr Managing Open Dumps Business as usual nt recmmended Imprvements in peratin & management t reduce impacts Clse by - cvering waste in place r piggybacking -clse by remving wastes frm the site (mining/recycling and excavatin) -clse and establish a cntrlled landfill r a sanitary landfill 4

5 Overview f Optins fr Managing Open Dumps Clsure f Waste in Place Clsure f Waste in Place by Piggybacking Clsure as a Cntrlled Landfill Clse by remving wastes frm the site (mining/recycling and excavatin) Clse and establish a Sanitary Landfill 5

6 Overview f Optins fr Managing Open Dumps Cntrlled Simple nn engineered measures Engineered Simple engineering eg impermeable cap Sanitary Sphisticated engineering f base, sides and surface Bireactr landfill? 6

7 What is a Sanitary Landfill? Permitted and planned Engineered t a specificatin Leachate cllectin and treatment Landfill gas cllectin and treatment Sund peratinal practices (See ISWA Landfill Operatins Guidelines) Mnitring Lng-term aftercare

8 Classes f Sanitary Landfills Sanitary Landfill fr Inert Wastes Sanitary landfill fr Nn-hazardus Waste Sanitary Landfill fr Hazardus wastes

9 Engineering Requirements - Gelgical Barrier inert landfill: k = r < 1 x 10-7 m/s, thickness = r > 1m nn-hazardus*:- k = r < 1 x 10-9 m/s, thickness = r > 1m hazardus*:- k = r < 1 x 10-9 m/s, thickness = r > 5m *requires an additinal artificial sealing liner and a drainage layer = r > 0.5m thickness

10 Lining Materials Naturally ccurring mineral clay/silts/shales Bentnite enriched sils High Density Plyethylene Ge-synthetic clay

11 Single Clay Liner Easiest t install Clay materials ften readily available Minimum f 1 metre thickness Cmpacted in 150 mm lifts Strive fr permeability f less than 10-7 m/s inert landfills and 10-9 m/s fr nn-hazardus and hazardus Regular in-situ testing using nuclear density gauges Cre samples n cmpletin fr labratry testing Cnstructin Quality Assurance

12 Cmpsite Liners Clay liner is the base Gemembrane (usually HDPE) is placed abve clay in direct cntact with clay Research and several decades f practice have demnstrated these liners prvide excellent prtectin f the envirnment A requirement fr nnhazardus and hazardus waste landfills

13 Liner cnfiguratins Cmpacted Clay Liner Single Synthetic Layer Cmpsite Liner

14 Develpment f a sanitary landfill

15 Final Cver Systems fr Landfills Prvides prtectin fr human health and the envirnment Prmtes surface water runff Reduces surface water infiltratin Prvides prtectin against air ingress and the ptential fr fires Imprves landfill gas generatin Imprves ability t cllect landfill gas Reduces durs Prvides vectr cntrl

16 Landfill Gas Prduced with slid waste decmpsitin Amunt & cmpsitin dependent n slid waste characteristics Increase in rganics equals an increase in gas generatin Can be used t create energy Gas generatin ends with end f decmpsitin Mixture f Methane (CH 4 ) 50% t 60% Carbn Dixide (CO 2 ) 40% t 50% Nn Methane Organic Cmpunds (NMOCs) - Trace

17 Landfill Gas treatment Flaring Surce f energy Surce f heat Vehicle fuel Gas fr dmestic cnsumptin

18 Leachate Caused by Precipitatin Surface Water Run-n Disslved and Suspended Cntaminants Inrganics Organics Micrrganisms Varies with type f waste Varies with age f landfill Requires treatment

19 Operatins Site Rads The Use f Daily Cver Bird Cntrl Wheel Cleaning Litter Cntrl Vectr Cntrl Managing the Wrking Face Waste Cmpactin Landfill Fires Strmwater and Sediment Cntrl Waste Cntrl at Landfills Leachate Cntrl Odur Cntrl Landfill Gas Management Site Safety and Security

20 Helpful Web Resurces MSW Knwledge Platfrm ISWA Knwledge Base Glbal Methane Initiative 20

21 Thank yu Please feel free t cntact me fr any further infrmatin Derek Greedy derekgreedy@htmail.c.uk 21