Canadian Standards Association Welded Steel Construction (Metal Arc Welding)

Transcription

1 Contents Technical Committee on Welding of Bridges, Buildings, and Machinery viii Preface xi 1. Scope 1 2. Definitions and Reference Publications Definitions Reference Publications 2 3. General Requirements Qualification Requirements Contractor Welding Processes Welding Procedures Conditions of Prequalification Selection of Type of Groove and Welding Procedures Base Metal CSA Standard G40.21, Structural Quality Steels ASTM Standards Welding Terminology Symbols 8 4. Design of Welded Connections General Requirements Drawings Lamellar Tearing Requirements for Welds Design Values Allowable Stresses Factored Resistances Effective Weld Area, Length, Throat, and Fillet Size Groove Welds Fillet Welds Plug and Slot Welds Minimum Groove Depth for Partial Joint Penetration Groove Welds and Minimum Length and Size of Fillet Welds Details of Fillet, Plug, and Slot Welds Fillet Weld Details Plug and Slot Weld Details Skewed Joints Fillers Electrodes, Workmanship, and Technique General Electrodes General Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) 30 iii

2 W59-03 Canadian Standards Association Electrodes and Shielding Gas for Gas Metal Arc Welding, Metal-Cored Arc Welding, and Flux-Cored Arc Welding (GMAW, MCAW, and FCAW) Electrodes, Fluxes, and Gases for Electroslag Welding and Electrogas Welding (ESW and EGW) Preparation of Material Assembly Details of Welding Procedures General Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) Gas Metal Arc Welding, Metal-Cored Arc Welding, and Flux-Cored Arc Welding (GMAW, MCAW, and FCAW) Electroslag Welding and Electrogas Welding (ESW, EGW) Stud Welding Control of Distortion and Shrinkage Stresses Preheat, Interpass Temperature, and Heat Input Control Dimensional Tolerances Profile of Welds Corrections Peening Stress-Relief Heat Treatment Cleaning of Welds Arc Strikes Heat Shaping Qualification of Contractor Welding Inspection General Inspection of Materials Obligations of Contractor Nondestructive Examination Radiographic and Ultrasonic Examination of Welds Radiographic Examination of Welds General Extent of Examination Radiographic Procedure Acceptability of Welds Examination, Reporting, and Disposition of Radiographs Ultrasonic Examination of Groove Welds General Extent of Examination Personnel Qualification Ultrasonic Equipment Calibration Standards Equipment Calibration Calibration for Examination Testing Procedure Preparation and Disposition of Reports Calibration of the Ultrasonic Unit with the IIW or Other Approved Calibration Blocks Scanning Patterns for Ultrasonic Examination 75 iv

3 9. Strengthening and Repair of Existing Structures General Materials Design Workmanship Fatigue Life Enhancement Methods Stress Range Increases Quality Visual Inspection Nondestructive Testing Details and Welding Procedure Requirements for Prequalified Joints General Prequalified Complete Joint Penetration Groove Welds Prequalified Partial Joint Penetration Groove Welds Requirements for Prequalification of Joints Joint and Weld Designations Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) Prequalified Complete Joint Penetration Groove Welds Made by Shielded Metal Arc Welding Prequalified Partial Joint Penetration Groove Welds Made by Shielded Metal Arc Welding Procedures for Shielded Metal Arc Welding Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) Prequalified Complete Joint Penetration Groove Welds Made by Submerged Arc Welding Prequalified Partial Joint Penetration Groove Welds Made by Submerged Arc Welding Flux-Cored Arc and Metal-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW, MCAW) Prequalified Complete Joint Penetration Groove Welds Made by Flux-Cored Arc and Metal-Cored Arc Welding Prequalified Partial Joint Penetration Groove Welds Made by Flux-Cored Arc and Metal-Cored Arc Welding Procedures for Flux-Cored Arc and Metal-Cored Arc Welding with Single Electrodes Gas Metal Arc Welding Spray Transfer (GMAW-SP) Prequalified Complete Joint Penetration Groove Welds Made by Gas Metal Arc Welding Prequalified Partial Joint Penetration Groove Welds Made by Gas Metal Arc Welding Procedures for Gas Metal Arc Welding with Single Electrodes Statically Loaded Structures Design and Construction Scope Base Metal Design Provisions Symbols Design Values Base Metal and Matching Electrode Classification Allowable Stress Design (ASD) Method Limit States Design (LSD) Method Structural Details General Combination of Welds Welds in Combination with Bolts Strength Under Temporary Loads Eccentricity of Connections Fillet Weld Details Lap Joints 132 v

4 W59-03 Canadian Standards Association Transition of Thickness or Width Beams and Girders Splices in Compression Members Splices in Tension Members T- and Corner Joints Connection of Components of Built-Up Members Workmanship Termination of Groove Welds Groove Weld Backing Dimensional Tolerances Quality of Welds Cyclically Loaded Structures Design and Construction Scope Base Metal Design Provisions Symbols Design Values Base Metal and Matching Electrode Classification Allowable Stress Design (ASD) Method Limit States Design (LSD) Method Fatigue Stress Provisions Structural Details General Combination of Welds Welds in Combination with Bolts Strength Under Temporary Loads Eccentricity of Connections Fillet Weld Details Lap Joints Transition of Thickness or Widths Beams and Girders Splices in Compression Members Splices in Tension Members T- and Corner Joints Connections of Components of Built-Up Members Prohibited Types of Joints and Welds Workmanship Termination of Groove Welds Groove Weld Backing Dimensional Tolerances Quality of Welds Temporary Welds 157 Appendices A Typical Prequalified Partial Joint Penetration Groove Welded Joints with SMAW, FCAW, MCAW, and GMAW 178 B Plug and Slot Welds 180 C Prevention of Cracks 181 D Welding Symbols 183 E Welding Definitions 189 F Geometric Unsharpness and Suggested Report Forms for Examination of Welds 234 G Example of Weld Quality Requirements 237 vi

5 H Material Requirements for Studs and Stud Base Qualification Requirements 238 I Flatness of Girder Webs Clause J Flatness of Girder Webs Clause K Arc Spot Welds 256 L Hollow Structural Section (HSS) Connections 257 M Strength of Welds 262 N Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) 265 P Guideline and Commentary on Alternative Methods for Determining Preheat 270 Q Lamellar Tearing 288 R The Fatigue Life of Structures and Postweld Methods of Fatigue Life Enhancement 293 vii