Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica Vol122 No11 February 2005

Transcription

1 Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica Vol122 No11 February 2005 : (2005) PP 1, 1,2, 1, 3, 3, 3, 1 (1., ; 2., ; 3., ) : Ca (OH) 2 2H 2 O2CO 2,,,, 200 % ( PP),, 65 %, 200 % : ; ; ; : TB332 ; TB383 : A PREPARATION OF IND USTRIAL MINERAL COMPOSITE POWD ERS AND THE APPL ICATION IN PP COMPOSITES FAN Shimin 1, YAN G Yufen 1, 2, GAI Guosheng 1, 3, FU Shaoyun 3, ZHAN G Yihe 3, M IAO Hezhuo 1 (1. Powder Technology R & D Group, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing , China ; 2. School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing , China ; 3. Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China) Abstract : The mineral composite particles with rough surfaces and blunt edge angles, coated by nanometer calcium car2 bonate with a particle size range of nm, were successfully prepared by a chemical method in Ca (OH) 2 2H 2 O2 CO 2 system. The specific surface area of the composite powders increased twice or above after coating. It is exhibited that polypropylene ( PP) composites filled by the composite powders with nano2structure surface have better properties because the nano2structured mineral powders have bigger surface areas which would lead to more interfacial compatibility between powders and polymer matrix when the powders are filled into the polymer and moreover, the blunt edge angles would re2 duce the stress concentration at angles, compared with un2coated powders as filler. Keywords : mineral powder ; nano2structure surface ; surface modification ; application,,, ;, 13265,, [13 ],,,, : ; : : ( ) :,,, E2mail : bta. net. cn

2 , : PP 69,, [4,5 ],,,, [68 ],,, Ca (OH) 2 2H 2 O2CO 2,, PP 1 111,, 51200m ;,, 41890m ;, ;, ; ( PP),, P1340 K Ca (OH) 2 2H 2 O2 1 Fig11 Fixture used for coating in our lab 113 Ca (OH) 2 2H 2 O2CO 2 Ca (OH) 2, CO 2 CaO + H 2 O Ca (OH) 2 (1) Ca (OH) 2 Ca OH - (2) CO 2 + OH - HCO 3 - HCO OH - H 2 O + CO Ca CO CO 2 = G 3 f ( ) ( : f () = (2 + cos) (1 - cos) 2 / 4 ; ls ), ; G v,, ;, 0180, f ( ) 01,, G <G 3,,,, G,,, Ca2, CO 3,,,, J EOL J SM26301F (3) (4) CaCO 3 (5),, CaCO 3,,,, G G 3 [9 ] G = 16 ls 3 (2 + cos ) (1 - cos 3 (G v ) 2 ) 2 4

3 70 ( SEM) ; D/ max2rb X,, 6 / min ; J Y962, LJ21000 ( ) JB6/ 3 : 50 mm/ min, 2 2 ( b) 2 ( d) SEM,, ( 2 (a) 2 (c) ),,, 212, BET, 1 1, 2 211,, 200 %,, 300 %,, 2 Fig12 SEM photographs of the mineral powder surfaces before and after modification

4 , : PP 71, SEM 1 Table 1 Specif ic surface area of the mineral powders Specific surface area/ (m 2 g - 1 ) before and after modif ication Before modification After modification Wollastonite GCC ,, 214 XRD XRD, 4 4, 213,, 3, W,,, 3 SEM :, 4 X 3 Fig. 3 SEM photographs of composite GCC after supersonic oscillating Fig. 4 XRD spectrum of the composite mineral powders 215 PP PP, PP, PP GB , 170 mm, 4112 mm, 10 mm A ( GB , 125 mm, 1512 mm, 1010 mm, 2172 mm) PP 2 2, PP,, 200 %, 65 % PP,

5 72, 34 %, 25 % PP,, 2 PP Table 2 The mechanical properties of PP composites Fillers f illed by mineral powders Tensile strength/ MPa Elongation Impact strength percentage/ % / (J m - 1 ) Wollastonite powders after modification Wollastonite powders before modification GCC powders after modification GCC powders before modification : 30 (, %) PP, PP 5 5,, PP, 5 Fig15 SEM photographs of particles on the fracture surfaces of filled PP composites, 5 (b) (3),, PP PP,, 5, PP (a), PP,,, : [1013 ] [ 1 ],. [J ]., 2003 (5) : 1-4. [ 2 ] Tabtiang A, Venables R. The performance of selected unsatu2 rated coatings for calcium carbonate filler in polypropylene [J ]. 3 (1) Ca (OH ) 2H 2 O2CO 2 European Polymer Journal, 2000, 36 (1) : [ 3 ],,. [J ]., 2003 (4) : [4 ]. [ M ]. :,,,, [5 ] Sutherland I, Maton D, Harrison D L. Filler surfaces and (2), composite properties [ J ]. Com posite Interf aces, 1998, 5 (6) : , 200 % [6 ],,. SiO 2

6 , : PP 73 [ J ]., 2002, 19 (6) : Wu C L, Zhang M Q, Rong M Z. Grafting polymerization on2 to nanosilica and its effect on mechanical properties of PP com2 posites [J ]. Acta Materiae Com positae Sinica, 2002, 19 (6) : [ 7 ],,. [J ]., 2001, 18 (3) : 1-4. Huang L, San Z B, Zhang J S. Progress of nano2technology in composites [J ]. Acta Materiae Com positae Sinica, 2001, 18 (3) : 1-4. [ 8 ],,,. [J ]., 2003, 20 (1) : Xu Y D, Liu N, Zeng Q M, et al. Microstructure and me2 chanical properties of nano modified cermets [J ]. Acta Materi2 ae Com positae Sinica, 2003, 20 (1) : [ 9 ],,,. [ J ]., 2001, 22 (9) : [ 10 ],,. [J ]., 2001, 19 (3) : [ 11 ] Tiller W A. The Science of Crystallization : Microscopic Interfa2 cial Phenomena [ M ]. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, [ 12 ] Dirksen J A, Ring T A. Fundamentals of crystallization : Ki2 netics effects on particle size distributions and morphology [J ]. Chem Eng Sci, 1991, 46 (10) : [ 13 ] Rothon R. Particulate2Filled Polymer Composites [ M ]. U K: Longman Scientific & Technical, (132 ) :,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4.,, 5.,,..., 6. 7., : at a temperature of 250 to 300 at a high pressure of 2000 psig at a high temperature of 1500 discussed and studied in detail at at 2000 psig ( Pa) at 1500 discussed 81 ( Title) (14 )