Characterization of Corrosion Products on Steel Surfaces

Transcription

1 Characterization of Corrosion Products on Steel Surfaces Bearbeitet von Yoshio Waseda, Shigeru Suzuki 1. Auflage Buch. xvii, 297 S. Hardcover ISBN Format (B x L): 15,5 x 23,5 cm Gewicht: 695 g Weitere Fachgebiete > Technik > Sonstige Technologien, Angewandte Technik > Bergbau, Hütten, Öl, Gas Zu Leseprobe schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, ebooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte.

2 Contents 1 Corrosion Protection Function and Breakdown Mechanism of Passive Films on Stainless Steels Katsuhisa Sugimoto Introduction Origin of Pit Initiation Suppression Mechanism of Passive Film Breakdown byalloyedcr Composition of Passive Films Formed in Acid Chloride Solutions Fabrication of Artificial Passivation Films Evaluation of Corrosion Resistance of Artificial Passivation Films Dissolution Behavior of Fe 2 O 3 -Cr 2 O 3 Films Anodic Polarization Behavior of Fe-Cr Alloys Composition of Passive Films on Fe-Cr Alloys Comparison of Dissolution Behavior Between Fe 2 O 3 -Cr 2 O 3 Artificial Passivation Film and Real Passive Film on Fe-Cr Alloy Induction Period of Pitting on Fe-Cr Alloys Pitting Potentials of Fe-Cr Alloys in 1M HCl Dissolution of Locally Heterogeneous Fe 2 O 3 -Cr 2 O 3 Film Mechanism of pit Initiation on Fe-Cr Alloy Summary References Passivation Oxide Films and Rust Layers on Iron Toshiaki Ohtsuka Introduction Passivation Oxide Films on Iron Rust Formation on Iron and Steels Potential Distribution and Ionic Transport Summary References

3 X Contents 3 Semiconductor Property of Passive Films and Corrosion Behavior of Fe-Cr Alloys Shinji Fujimoto, Hiroaki Tsuchiya Introduction The Photoelectrochemical Response A Brief History of Photoresponse in Electrochemistry Measurement of Photocurrent and Spectrum Separation Passive Films on Cr and Fe-Cr Alloys in Sulphuric Acid Photocurrent Capacitance Electronic Structure of Passive Films on Cr and Fe-Cr Alloys formed in Acid Solution Passive Film on Fe-18Cr Alloy formed in Borate Buffer Solution Photocurrent and Capacitance Electronic Structure of Passive Films on Fe-18Cr Alloy formed in Borate Buffer Solution Correlation between Electronic Structure of Passive Films and CorrosionBehaviourforFe-CrAlloys Summary References Mechanistic Study on Formation of Iron Hydroxides and Oxides with FT-IR and UV Photospectroscopy Atsushi Muramatsu, Kiyoshi Kanie Introduction Utilization of UV-vis and FT-IR Precipitation from Aqueous Solutions Simplest Complex of Iron Change in Ferric Complexes with ph UV Spectroscopy for the Direct Identification of Ferric Complexes IR Spectroscopy for the Formation Mechanism of Particles Characterization of Iron Oxides by FT-IR References Structural Characterization for a Complex System by Obtaining Middle-Range Ordering Yoshio Waseda, Shigeru Suzuki, Masatoshi Saito Introduction TheoreticalBackgroundandMethods Selected Examples of Middle-range Ordering Obtained by the AXS Method Coupled with the RMC Simulation Technique GeO 2 Glass Amorphous ZrO 2 Prepared by Hydrolytic Condensation.. 88

4 Contents XI Corrosion Products formed on the Steel Surface Summary References Corrosion Mechanism of Iron from an X-ray Structural Viewpoint Eiichiro Matsubara, Shigeru Suzuki, Yoshio Waseda Introduction Structure and Formation of Various Components of Corrosion Products Methods for In-situ and Ex-situ X-ray Diffraction Sample Preparation Diffraction Measurements X-ray Diffraction of Corrosion Products Formed Under Various Conditions In-situ X-ray Diffraction of Corrosion Products Formed During One-cycle Exposure to Wet and Dry Atmospheres In-situ XRD Diffraction of Corrosion Products Formed During Multi-cycle Exposure to Wet and Dry Atmospheres Ex-situ XRD Diffraction of Corrosion Products ExtractedfromDifferentLayers Formation Conditions of Different Components of Corrosion Products Summary References Surface Analysis of Oxides and Corrosion Products Formed on Surfaces of Iron-based Alloys Shigeru Suzuki Introduction SurfaceAnalyticalMethods Characterization of Thermally Oxidized SurfaceLayers Oxidation of a Compositionally Modified Surface Layer Selective Oxidation of Less-noble Elements in Surface Layers Iron Oxides Formed Under Atmospheric Corrosion Fine Corrosion Products Formed on a Native Oxide Layer Sources of Corrosion Products Formed on Iron Surfaces Summary References

5 XII Contents 8 Characterization of Rust Layers on a Plain-Carbon Steel and Weathering Steels Exposed to Industrial and Coastal Atmosphere for Years Katsuhiko Asami Introduction Experimental Procedures Compositions of Steel Specimens Exposure Conditions Specimen Preparation for Characterization Characterization Methods Results SEM Observation of Cross-Sections of Rust Layers XRD Analysis of Rust Surface EPMA Analysis of Rust Surface EPMA Analysis of Cross-Section of Rust Layers TEM/ED Analysis of Cross-Section of Rust Layers In-depth Distribution of Rust Components Abundance of Rust Components Discussion Effect of Amorphous Rust Layer Effects of Akaganéite Correlation between Akaganéite and Magnetite Effect of Lepidocrocite and Goethite α/γ Ratio Summary References Synchrotron Radiation Study on Structure of Atmospheric Corrosion Products Formed on Steel Surfaces Hiroyuki Konishi, Masato Yamashita, Jun ichiro Mizuki, Hitoshi Uchida Introduction Composition of Protective Rust Layer Formed on WeatheringSteel Structural Study on the Protective Rust Layer using X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Analysis Sample Preparation Measurements and Results Structural Properties of the Protective Rust Layer In situ Observation of Corrosion Process in Wet/Dry Cycles Experimental Method Results Discussion

6 Contents XIII 9.5 Summary References Analysis of Iron Rusts by X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Measurements Takenori Nakayama, Tatsuo Ishikawa Introduction Rust Analysis by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Quantitative Measurement of Rust Composition Analysis of Crystallite Size of Rust Particle In-situ Observation of Oxidation and Reduction Processes of Iron Rusts by Synchrotron Radiation Rust Analysis by X-ray Adsorption FineStructure(XAFS) Approach of Artificial Rust Synthesis Background of the Approach Synthesis of Rust Particles Particle Morphology Specific Surface Area XRD Crystallite Size Comparison of Effects of Metal Ions on Particle Size and Crystallinity of Rusts Comprehensive Comparison of Effects of Metal Ions Mechanism for Emergence of Corrosion Resistance References Various Scale Analyses to Create Functioning Corrosion Products Masao Kimura, Tadashi Mizoguchi, Hiroshi Kihira, Michio Kaneko Introduction Various Scale Analyses for Structures of Corrosion Products Ideal Structures of Iron Oxyhydroxides and Oxides Formation Process of Corrosion Products Surface of Corrosion Products in an Aquatic Media Strategies for Preventing Corrosion Resisting Acidification Near the Solution/Metal Interface: ph-strategy Shielding the Interface against Environments: shieldingstrategy Analytical Techniques of Corrosion onvariousscales In situ Observation of Reactions near the Solution/Metal Interface using Synchrotron Radiation

7 XIV Contents MössbauerSpectroscopy Establishing ph-strategy through Analyses of Localized Corrosion on Stainless Steel Localized Corrosion of Stainless Steel Concentration of Metal Cations inside a Locally CorrodingPart Formation of Poly-Mo(O, OH) 6 Octahedra Establishing shielding-strategy through Analyses of Protective Rust on Weathering Steel Protective Rust on Weathering Steel Polymerization of Fe(O, OH) 6 Octahedra through WetandDryCycles Various Scale Analyses for Structures of Protective Rust Combination of ph- and shielding-strategies through Analyses of Protective Rust on Advanced Weathering Steel Advanced Weathering Steel Polymerization of (Fe, Ni)(O, OH) 6 Octahedra through Wet anddrycycles Formation of Cation-exchanging Poly-(Fe, Ni)(O, OH) Various Scale Analyses of the Rust on the Advanced WeatheringSteel Summary References Mössbauer Spectroscopic Study on Rust Formed on Steel Surfaces Takayuki Kamimura, Saburo Nasu Introduction Importance of Rust in Corrosion Process of Steel During Wet and Dry Cyclic Conditions MössbauerSpectroscopy Investigation of Rust Formed on Weathering Steel and MildSteel Summary References Index