Nirosta 4003 T4003 Ö. Vol.32 No Ö 4 Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection Apr. 2012

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1 32 2 Ö È Vol.32 No Ö 4 Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection Apr «ßÐÄÆ Ô Þ ÔÚ Õ È µ 1 ¹ ² ³ 1 ± 2 1. Đ Đ Ù ÓÅ Ç Ë Đ Đ Đ Đ : ER-309 ÐßÐ T4003 Q450NQR1 Ç Nirosta 4003 Q450NQR1 Ǻ ± ½ Å ±Æν Û Á Ç Ã¾µ ÐÐ ±Æ ÇÝÓÐÛ Á Ù µ T4003 Nirosta 4003 Ç Ð Ù ÆÐ ± º ÐÆ ÇÝÓ Á̵ Æ Æ ÇÝÓ½È µ T4003 Nirosta 4003 Ç Q450NQR1 ÇÐ Ù Æ ±º ÐÆ ÇÝÓÌÎ Á¾ Ì ÐÐ Ù ÆÐ Æ Á ÇÝÓÚ ÇÝÓ T4003 Nirosta 4003 Ç Q450NQR1 ÇÐ º Æ ± Ç Î Ã ÇµÁÆ Ç Đ¾Æ Ç Ð Ù ÆÐ ± Ç Ð½ Ç ÅÌ Ç ÈÆ Ù Î Ç Æ Ç Ç : Ç Ç ± ÇÝÓ Î : TG174 ÃÜÑ : A  : Æ Æ Ò»Ù ÂÆ Ý Ú Ü ÆÜ É ÜÒ «ÐÊ Ð È Ú Â Æ ÜÒ Ü ¾ º [1,2] Î Î ¼»Ãº Ê Î» Æ ¾Ò Î ¼ ÄËÂÒ ½ ³ ¹É «ĐÈ É ÜÒ [3] Ë Î Í Î Æ ĐÈ Đ ÜÒ Å ÆÒ ± Ê Î ½ Í Ú ÕÜ Õ Ï Cu-P É Cu-P-Cr-Ni É Æ Î Æ ÆÜÒ Ò Ê Æ Ê ØÖ : Ó : «(2008J007-C) : Ü 1976 ÌÀ Ý Ï Ñ µ ÞÔ Đ : Á E mail qinzx@djtu.edu.cn ÅÒ ÆÎ ÆÅ [4] ßÆ ÎÎ ¹ Æ ÈÒ ¼ Ö ßÆ Å Æ ÄË Þ Cr ½ 13% ÚĐÈ ÆÜ ÒÀ ÜÒ Đ ÀÌ À Î Õ º ½ [5] ßÆ ÜÒ Ç Ú Ö ßÆÏ Æ Ø ÎÎ Ë Ð ĐÜ ÆÜÒ Î È ÜÒ Æ [2,6,7] ± ßÆ ß Æ¼ ßÆÏ Æ «Ü ÆÜ ºÈ Ü [6,7] Î Î Ê Nirosta 4003 T4003 Ö ßÆ Ï Q450NQR1 Æ ÆÜ Ü± Å Ò Ë TCS ßÆÏ Q450NQR1 Æ Ú ÎΠܱºÈ [8] Ú ÆÜÒ Ü Ú Ù ÎÎ Ö ßÆÏ Æ«Æ Ü Ü ¼Ê Õ»Ù Nirosta 4003 T4003 Ö

2 116 Õ ÆÏ 32 ßÆÏ Q450NQR1 Æ Ú Ê É Ü ÆÜÒ Ï ß Æ ÜÒ Ú Î» ¾ Ã Ò 2 Û ÌË Ê Nirosta 4003 T4003 Ö ßÆ Q450NQR1 Æ Æ ³ ½ ÏÛ ßÆ Å 1 ER-309 Þ ËÕÑ H1Cr24Ni13 Þ Ë Đ È È Ú ± ¼ Ë ßÆ Ï Æ Æ Å 2 Ë Nirosta4003 T4003 ßÆ Ï Q450NQR1 Æ Ú Nirosta4003 T4003 ßÆ Ú ¾ MIG Å 97% Ar+3% O 2 Å ½ 17 L/min Å Å Í Ä ² Ä Ê ÄÍ º Ú Â Ü Â Ø ½ [9,10] 6 mm ßÆ Ú»Ë ¾ Å mm/min 220 A Å 25 V ³ ß¾Ë Q = IU/V (1) Q ³ I U Å V Ú ³ J/mm Ü Ú Å ³ ¼ MIG ³ 8 9 mm «¼ ³ mm 2 Ê «È Ú Ó ¼ÐÑ Æ Ó ¾ 450 Å 2 h 200 Å¼Ë «ÈÊ Ù Æ² Ð 600 Æ ¼ÄÑÄË Ý ÆÇ Ð ÙÈ ßÓ ßÓ 10% HCl ¼³ ± 1% NaOH ¼³ Ù È ÞÖ È Ã ÃÓ Ê Æ Ý É LK98-II Ö Ä Ü ¼ ¼«¼ ½ Á 0.01 V/s Õ Æ Pt KCl Ä Ê «Ë KCl Ä «SCE É ¹ ²Â Ü À ÆÊ Ê ß GB/T ÒÅ Æ - À Ú 40 mm 20 mm 5 mm Ë NaCl ¼Ë Á ÌÚ 20 µs/cm ĐÙº Ù Ú «50± 5 g/l ph ÀÊ Ä 144 h Ä ÆÉÃ Å È Ñ ± ÃÓ h ± Ù È¼Ñ À¼³ Öà Keyence VHX-1000 Í¼Û JSM- 6360LV Û Ø Ú Å ßÆ 1 g 5 ml»ù 100 ml 4% 3 ml ¼ ³ Ú Ä 2 min 3 min 3 Ð 3.1 É ÆÝÍ T4003 Nirosta mol/l NaCl ¼³ ÜÒ ¾ 1 «Ü 1a ¼ T4003 Æ V ÉË V ³ Æ Æ Ü Ç Ê ¹Î ±¾ Û ÆÜ Ç Nirosta 4003 ¹ Æ V ÉË V ³ Æ ÆÜ Ç ¹Î ±¾ Û ÆÜ Ç ¾ 1b «ÔÊ Ø T4003 Nirosta 4003 ßÆ «Ø ¹ ÆÜÒ ÀË ³ Table 1 Chemical compositions of experimental materials (mass%) Materials C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Ti N Nirosta T Q450NQR Table 2 Chemical composition of fusion alloy of welded materials (mass%) Type C Si Mn P S Cr Ni ER

3 2 Û : Ø Ç Ç Ð ±Æ ÇÝÓ 117 ÆÜÒ¼Ç Ü «Ø ÆÜ Ò Ô¹ ßÆ Ï Æ Ú «Ú ÜÒÂ Ä 2 1 mol/l NaCl ¼³ T4003 ßÆÏ Æ Æ ³ Æ 0.82 V 0.78 V 0.89 V Æ É Ú ÆÜÒ Đ ³ Ç Nirosta 4003 ßÆÏ Æ Æ ³ Æ 0.85 V 0.83 V 0.83 V Æ Æ¹Î Ç 3.2 ÏÙ ÒÍ 3 ¹ ßÆ Æ Ü Å ¹ ßÆ Ó³ «Ê Ñ Ñ Æ ± Å ½ غ º Ø ³«3b Ä É ÞÈ ½ Ti Ò Ä Ý Æ Øº ºØ ³ TiN ͼÛË TiN Ø Ðغ Ø Q450NQR1 Æ Ó³ Ñ Å ± «3c 4a d Nirosta 4003 T4003 ß Æ Í¼ ÄË É ³ Ø ³  ½Ó «4b ¾ Å» ½ Û Ó δ ßÆ ³ ³ ÄÝÓ 1.5 (a) Base metal 1 Base metal Welding line HAZ (b) Base metal 1 Base metal Welding line HAZ 0.5 E/ V 0.0 E/ V lg (I/ ma cm -2 ) lg (I/ ma cm -2 ) Fig.1 Polarization curves of ferritic stainless steel welding joints in 1 mol/l NaCl solution: (a) T4003 and (b) E/ V Nirosta (a) T4003 base metal T4003 HAZ 1.0 Welding line lg (I/ ma cm -2 ) E/ V 1.5 (b) Nirosta 4003 base metal Nirosta 4003 HAZ 1.0 Welding line lg (I/ ma cm -2 ) Fig.2 Polarization curves of ferritic stainless steel/weathering steel welding joints in 1 mol/l NaCl solution: (a) T4003/Q450NQR1 and (b) Nirosta 4003/Q450NQR1 Fig.3 Metallographic microstructures of (a) T4003, (b) Nirosta 4003 and (c) Q450NQR1 weathering steel

4 qcnw6 # 32 Ro ->=?[ 2( 4c d Y M W b 9! z1, Q Uz1 9 {N $ { j Z ~ '?d '?d U :vi 4L n3o`? Nirosta 4003? Wb o'_, o' Uy~ o'h 9{N '?d 3y~? } 5.! re-lm LSj v` hq=) S~ #v ( 4e f 3 Nirosta 4003 T { ` 9 R - 9 {NjQ= L- 3 _ N= 5 W Q450NQR1 g N 7 $ U 9n / D _ 0 - U o ' R v ` 0? g N b o ', Z m 8 % ( <p! f k 7 f k $ k v n j 8> =? jw? We o =L Cr Ni C =<2( 5 Y j Nirosta '?d % j? e [, Z U T4003! fk $? o P W m b _, " y~, j?w ZQ Cr Ni z1 W! fk $_, j Nirosta Q450NQR1 We o P( U 8 \ }V 4003 T4003 W Q450NQR1 g Nt [ 7 f \ 9 {NW g N. \ [ = k $? \ Cr Ni z1_(z Fig.4 Microstructure of ferritic stainless steel and ferritic stainless steel/weathering steel welding joints: (a) welding joint of Nirosta 4003, (b) welding line of Nirosta 4003, (c) HAZ of Nirosta 4003, (d) HAZ of T4003, (e) welding joint of Nirosta 4003/Q450NQR1 and (f) welding joint of T4003/Q450NQR1 Fig.5 Elements distribution of different samples: (a) Nirosta 4003 welding joint, (b) T4003 welding joint, (c) Nirosta 4003/Q450NQR1 dissimilar metal joint and (d) T4003/Q450NQR1 dissimilar metal joint

5 2 Û : Ø Ç Ç Ð ±Æ ÇÝÓ 119 ÚÏ Nirosta 4003 T4003 ¾ Ç ¹ Q450NQR1 ƾ Cr Ni Þ½ Í Ë 6 À ÚË Ú 144 h «Ø Æ ØË ¾ 6a b «À Æ ¹ ßÆ É Æ Ê Ë Æ ³ Ê Ú Å ÄÂ Ë ßÆ Ï Æ Æ É Ï Î ²ÉÁ Ô Ï ÆØË ¼ ÆÆ Ö Æ Æ Ö½ ¹ Í Î Á Ô Í Æ Ï Ï ¹ T4003 Nirosta 4003 ßÆÏ Q450NQR1 Æ ¹ Ï Í ÆÏ Ä 6c d Æ Í Â Æ Æ Ï ½ Æ À Æ Ú ³ Cl ĐÈ«Õ³ ½ Õ³ Ä Ñ Ä Cl ĐÈ«Ñ Ù Ò ½ ÆÀ Ä Í Ñ Cl À Æ ± ¼ Ë ¼³± «Ê ¼ ³ Ò Ú ¼ ÄË À Ú ß À ³ Í ³ ÍÞ ½Ï Ñ ½ ÆÉÃ Ø Í ± ¼³ ÐÝ ÚÖ Ñ Æ Ä ¾ 6 «7 À ÚË ¼ ÆØË Å Ò Ä T4003/Q450NQR1 ¹ «Ñ Q450NQR1 Æ Ê Í ÓÈ ½ à ¹ Ï T4003 ßÆ ÌÈ Ï Í ÆÏ Nirosta 4003/Q450NQR1 ¹ «Ñ Q450NQR1 Æ Æ± Ê Í Ó È ½ à ¹ Ï Nirosta 4003 ßÆ ÌÈ Ï Í ÆÏ 7c A Ó Ò Ä Ø ÄË Ã ÞÜÍ É Ñ Ð ßÍ Ï ÆÜ ½ Ñ ¾ Â Í Ñ Tomman À Cr Ni È Ë É ¾ Í ßƹ Đ ÆÜÒ Ö ³µ Cr Ni Ô Þ C [11] ܹ ÆÜÒ Cr Ni C Ò ĐÍ ĐØ µí ÆÜÒ À ¾º ßÆ Ú ºÓ ¼ ĐÍ ĐØ Ø É ÆÜ Ò [11 13] Ê Þ ĐÈÏ Ñ É Cr Ni Þ½ Ä Ê ĐÍ ĐØ Ø ¾ 5a b ««¼ T4003 Nirosta 4003 ßÆ ÆÜ Đ Û ³ Ç Ø Ï Þ Ç ³ «½ Ò ĐÍ ĐØ Ï ÆÜÒ Í [14,15] ÆÜÒ Ë [2] «¼ T4003 Nirosta 4003 ßÆÏ Q450NQR1 ÆØ Cr Ni Þ½Í «5c d Ò ÆÜÒ ËÍ ¾ 1 «ÄË Q450NQR1 Fig.6 Macroscopic morphologies of (a) T4003, (b) Nirosta 4003, (c) T4003/Q450NQR1 and (d) Nirosta 4003/Q450NQR1 after NSS for 144 h

6 qcnw6 # Fig.7 SEM morphologies of ferritic stainless steel/weathering steel welding joints after NSS for 144 h: (a) T4003/Q450NQR1, (b) T4003/Q450NQR1, (c) Nirosta 4003/Q450NQR1, (d) Nirosta 4003/Q450NQR1 and (e) Nirosta 4003/Q450NQR1 N 2 Cr B3 " ( 7 z 1B j HC NL C N V 8! gn x?d V U E V"": 7 fk $.? t.? [ = O 7?d! f k 7 [ == < ( V b! gn x P ~? f k $ gn x n > (V " ":. d 9!fk 7 $ 0m^ f8c j? f k W '?d J t [ (& NWj?dV gnx "": A3 x t v# \ Æ=3 9 - * > = v ` 7 $.? t 0 8 Cr Ni C. -> = LS ' $ C E? f + 6lH 6CE $A > k Cr Ni hb '?d 3h+ t[x R f&a3 7 $ gnx (S QV? f k b '?d Cr Ni L = < U E g_ U DQ[+ P C E S O` /0 =! F Q / DO` /0 t [ S ( s r 9 {Nj F f i Q# k2= 9- * O` L >=. E ^ "K * ~ > n d +? j u} m.f '?d h Q= C E/ D> = ( xzc. \. R $m h C NB 4 el " \ } :3 Cr Ni C (1) j 1 mol/l NaCl 0 ' T { + 6 -n [ U t )U. gnxn 0 W T4003 Nirosta {N! N Nirosta {N! fk $ fk $_, T4003 Nirosta {N? gnxn HS(= b '?d gn W Q450NQR1 g Nt [ 7 $ t [6 x n0o ( T4003 Nirosta {N W Q450NQR1 g N t [ 7 $- Æ U.?o gnxnu 7 $ b? J% 0t [ 0 V? gn x n S U (2) j H 1 S T {N m^ f -/ D C N j Cr5Mo g' N P91+TP347H 9 {N 7 $ /W Nirosta {N! f k t [ 6 ^ f C N Wj 2< p T4003?W b g HC N x nu _ gn x n Z Nirosta {NW Q450NQR1 g N T4003 Nirosta {NW Q450NQR1 g 9{Nb? g Nb 3Wj 9! 8C N - [ 7 $C N Z 3 U J g N 9 S)t[(Q;0m ^ f x( 2 0 N(H CNZ3 " jw6~1 CN (3) g NW s r 9 {N 0 9?W 9 {N b 8 C N 9 QS g N b 0 s 9! L J HC N 0 g N {N b '?d?0 8 g N b LSC N b / D6 U C N -?W 9 {N 6T P 9 O 9!t [6 (Q ; ^ f x - Ug Nb CNE 3Wj U CNWj Ni [16] [17] [14,15,18] [2] [15,19]

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8 122 Õ ÆÏ 32 CORROSION RESISTANCE OF DISSIMILAR METAL JOINTS OF ECONOMIC FERRITIC STAINLESS STEEL AND WEATHERING STEEL ZHANG Yong 1, QIN Zuoxiang 1, XU Hongji 1, CHANG Kai 1, LU Xing 1, TONG Wei 2 1. Liaoning Key Materials Laboratory for Railway, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian ; 2. School of Transport and Communication Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian Abstract: T4003 and Q450NQR1, as well as Nirosta 4003 and Q450NQR1 dissimilar metal joints were welded by ER-309 welding wire. The microstructure of their base metal and joint were analyzed by metallographic approach. The corrosion resistance of base metal and joints was evaluated by salt fog and electrochemical corrosion tests. The results demonstrated that as far as the similar metal joints of Nirosta 4003 and T4003 was concerned, the corrosion resistance of welding line was much better than that of base metal. However, the corrosion resistance of heat affected zone (HAZ) became worse. In the case of dissimilar metal joints of Nirosta 4003 and Q450NQR1, as well as T4003 and Q450NQR1, the corrosion resistance of welding line was reduced. Under salt spray condition, the corrosion resistance of welding line and base metal of similar metal joints was comparative. However, the dissimilar metal joints of Nirosta 4003 and Q450NQR1, as well as T4003 and Q450NQR1 exhibited obvious corrosion. Especially, abundant corrosion pits were found near the side of Q450NQR1. Due to the different corrosion voltages of stainless steel, weathering steel, HAZ, and welding line, a series of micro-batteries were formed in the dissimilar metal joints, which worsened the corrosion of weathering steel. Key words: ferritic stainless steel, weathering steel, dissimilar metal joint, corrosion resistance