Practical Data for Metallurgists

Transcription

1 For more information on Timken steel and other value-added services or products, contact your local Timken Alloy Steel representative. Call (U.S.A.), (International), fax (U.S.A.), or visit our Web site at Practical Data for Metallurgists Practical Data for Metallurgists Engineered Steel Solutions for: Aerospace Automotive Bearings Defense Distribution Energy Industrial Timken is the registered trademark of The Timken Company The Timken Company Printed in U.S.A. 2.5M Order No. 4023

2 Practical Data for Metallurgists Sixteenth Edition Welcome to the Practical Data for Metallurgists, the guide that technical experts, operations managers and engineering personnel have turned to for more than 50 years for the latest metallurgical information. Our guide which conforms with information published by AISI and SAE includes an updated listing of standard steels and their chemical compositions, hardening abilities and tolerances. At Timken, we use a combination of materials science, application engineering and processing capabilities to add value and improve the performance of our customers. Providing you with the information you need to make informed decisions about your alloy steel needs is just one way we help you reach your fullest potential. 1

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Steel Chemistries Number Chemical Compositions, etc Miscellaneous Steel Properties Relative Tool Steel Properties Hardenability Band Data Restricted Hardenability Band Data Jominy Correlation with Round Bars Combined Hardenability Charts Martensite Percent vs. Carbon Content and Hardness 72 Relationship of Fatigue Strength to Tensile Strength 73 Carburizing Rates of Carbon and Alloy Steels Critical Transformation Temperatures and Ms/Mf Points Hot Working Temperatures Tubing General Tolerances Length Tolerances 89 Straightness Tolerances Seamless Steel Tubing Shapes Tube Size Calculations OD Cleanups 98 Formulas for Calculating Surface Cleanup 99 Formulas for Calculating Camber (Straightness) Cleanup 99 Bar General Tolerances 100 Straightness Tolerances 101 Weight Table - Rounds and Squares Reduction Ratios for Round and Square Bars 106 Miscellaneous Information Iron Carbon Phase Diagram 107 Statistical Process Control (SPC) Information Handy Physical Constants 110 Engineering Conversion Factors Metric-English Stress Conversion Tables 114 Work-Energy Conversion Tables 115 Decimal Equivalent Chart Temperature Conversion Tables Hardness Conversion Tables Useful Equations for Hardenable Alloy Steels 122 Glossary of Metallurgical Terms

4 STANDARD CARBON STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits SAE P S No. C Mn Max Max max.35 max max.25/ max.30/ /.13.30/ /.14.60/ /.15.30/ /.16.30/ /.18.30/ /.18.60/ /.20.30/ /.20.60/ /.23.30/ /.23.60/ /.23.70/ /.25.30/ /.28.30/ /.28.60/ /.31.60/ /.34.60/ /.38.60/ /.42.60/ /.44.70/ /.44.60/ /.47.60/ /.47.70/ /.50.30/ /.50.60/ /.50.70/ /.53.60/ /.55.60/ /.55.70/ /.60.60/ /.65.60/ /.70.60/ /.75.60/ /.80.50/ /.85.30/ /.88.60/ /.93.30/ /.98.60/ / /

5 FREE CUTTING RESULPHURIZED STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits SAE P No. C Mn Max S / / / / / / /.29.70/ / / / / / / / /.40.70/ / /.44.70/ / / / / / / / /.49.70/ / /.55.70/ /.13 FREE CUTTING REPHOSPHORIZED AND RESULPHURIZED STEEL Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits SAE No. C Mn P S max.70/ /.12.16/ max.70/ /.12.24/ max.75/ /.09.26/.35 NOTE: 12XX grades are customarily furnished without specified silicon content because of adverse effect on machinability. HIGH MANGANESE CARBON STEEL Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits SAE P S No. C Mn Max Max / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /.71.85/

6 STANDARD ALLOY STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits SAE No. C Mn Cr Ni Mo Other / / / / / / /.25.70/ / /.30.70/ / /.40.70/ / /.50.70/ / /.23.70/.90.40/ / a.18/.23.90/ / / /.33.40/.60.80/ / /.40.70/.90.80/ / /.43.75/ / / /.45.75/ / / /.48.75/ / / /.53.75/ / / /.22.45/.65.40/ / / /.43.60/.80.70/ / / E /.43.65/.85.70/ / / /.22.45/ / / /.23.50/ / / B46.44/.49.75/ / /.22.70/.90.70/ /.33.70/.90.80/ /.35.60/.80.75/ /.43.70/.90.70/ /.53.70/.90.70/ /.64.75/ / B60.56/.64.75/ / / /.45.90/ E / / / P S / / / P S

7 STANDARD ALLOY STEELS continued SAE No. C Mn Cr Ni Mo Other V /.53.70/.90.80/ min /.18.70/.90.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.20.70/.90.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.23.70/.90.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.25.70/.90.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.33.70/.90.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.43.75/ /.60.40/.70.15/ /.48.75/ /.60.40/.70.15/ /.23.70/.90.40/.60.40/.70.20/ /.25.75/ /.60.40/.70.30/ Si /.64.75/ / / /.64.75/ /2.20 B /.003 a Formerly PS 15 Unless specified: Si 5.15/.35, P max (SAE J1268), S max, Ni 5.25 max, Cr 5.20 max, Mo 5.06 max These standard grades can have modifications in chemistry when agreed upon by user and supplier. 7

8 PS GRADES (Formerly EX Grades) Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits PS No. C Mn Cr Ni Mo Other 10.19/.24.95/ /.40.20/.40.05/ /.25.90/ / / /.28.90/ / / /.30.90/ / /.20 B 19.18/.23.90/ / / /.18.90/ / / /.20.90/ / / /.20.70/.90.45/.65.70/ / /.23.70/.90.45/.65.70/ / /.24.85/ min.20 min.05 min /.33.90/ / / /.43.90/ / / /.48.90/ / / /.53.90/ / / /.59.90/ / / /.25.70/ / min /.20.70/ / / / /.13.70/ / / / max 1.25 max 17.00/ / / / / / / / / / / B 63.31/.38.75/ / / / / / / / V 66.16/.21.40/.70.45/ / /.15.10/ /.49.80/ / / Unless Specified: Si 5.15/.35, P max, S max P max, S 5.15/.35, Si max Note: PS Nos. 15, 24 and 30 are now standard grades. (See SAE Nos. 4120, 4121 and 4715) 8

9 STANDARD H STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges SAE No. C Mn Cr Ni Mo Other 1330 H.27/ / H.32/ / H.37/ / H.42/ / H.24/.30.60/ / H a.24/.30.60/ / H.29/.35.60/ / H.34/.41.60/ / H.39/.46.60/ / H.44/.51.60/ / H.17/.23.60/ / / H.27/.33.30/.70.75/ / H.32/.38.60/ / / H.34/.41.60/ / / H.37/.44.65/ / / H.39/.46.65/ / / H.42/.49.65/ / / H.44/.51.65/ / / H.47/.54.65/ / / H.55/.65.65/ / / H.17/.23.40/.70.35/ / / H.37/.44.55/.90.65/ / / E4340 H.37/.44.60/.95.65/ / / H.17/.23.35/ / / H.15/.21.60/.95.30/.60.85/ / H.17/.23.45/.75.30/.60.85/ / H.12/.18.30/ / / H.14/.20.30/ / / H.17/.23.40/ / / B40 H b.37/.44.65/ / B44 H b.42/.49.65/ / H.43/.50.65/ / B46 H b.43/.50.65/ / B50 H b.47/.54.65/ / B60 H b.55/.65.65/ / a S 5.035/.050 b B /.003 9

10 STANDARD H STEELS continued SAE No. C Mn Cr Ni Mo Other 5120 H.17/.23.60/ / H.27/.33.60/ / H.29/.35.50/.90.65/ H.32/.38.50/.90.70/ H.37/.44.60/ / H.45/.52.60/ / H.47/.54.60/ / H.50/.60.60/ / H.55/.65.65/ / B60H b.55/.65.65/ / V 6118 H.15/.21.40/.80.40/ / H.47/.54.60/ / min. 81B45 H b.42/.49.70/ /.60.15/.45.08/ H.14/.20.60/.95.35/.65.35/.75.15/ H.17/.23.60/.95.35/.65.35/.75.15/ H.19/.25.60/.95.35/.65.35/.75.15/ H.22/.28.60/.95.35/.65.35/.75.15/ H.24/.30.60/.95.35/.65.35/.75.15/ H.27/.33.60/.95.35/.65.35/.75.15/ B30 H b.27/.33.60/.95.35/.65.35/.75.15/ H.34/.41.70/ /.65.35/.75.15/ H.37/.44.70/ /.65.35/.75.15/ H.39/.46.70/ /.65.35/.75.15/ H.42/.49.70/ /.65.35/.75.15/ B45 H b.42/.49.70/ /.65.35/.75.15/ H.47/.54.70/ /.65.35/.75.15/ H.50/.60.70/ /.65.35/.75.15/ H.55/.65.70/ /.65.35/.75.15/ H.17/.23.60/.95.35/.65.35/.75.20/ H.37/.44.70/ /.65.35/.75.20/ H.19/.25.70/ /.65.35/.75.30/ Si 9260 H.55/.65.65/ / H.07/.13.40/ / / / B15 H b.12/.18.70/ /.55.25/.65.08/ B17 H b.14/.20.70/ /.55.25/.65.08/ B30 H b.27/.33.70/ /.55.25/.65.08/ Unless specified: Si 5.15/.35, P max (SAE J1268), S max, Cu 5.35 max, Ni 5.25 max, Cr 5.20 max, Mo 5.06 max b B /

11 STANDARD CARBON and CARBON BORON H STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits SAE P S No. C Mn Max Max Si 1038 H.34/.43.50/ / H.42/.51.50/ / H.17/ / / H.18/ / / H.21/ / / H.35/ / /.35 15B21*.17/.24.70/ /.35 15B28H.25/ / /.35 15B30H.27/.35.70/ /.35 15B35H*.31/.39.70/ /.35 15B37H*.30/ / /.35 15B41H*.35/ / /.35 15B48H*.43/ / /.35 15B62H*.54/ / /.60 For electric furnace steels P & S max and the prefix E is added. * B /.003 RESTRICTED HARDENABILITY STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges SAE No. C Mn Si Ni Cr Mo 15B21RH*.17/.22.80/ / B35RH*.33/.38.80/ / RH.08/.13.40/.60.15/ / / RH.25/.30.70/.90.15/ / RH.18/.23.70/.90.15/ /.60.08/ RH.18/.23.90/ / /.60.13/ RH.28/.33.40/.60.15/ / / RH.38/.43.75/ / / / RH.43/.48.75/ / / / RH.56/.64.75/ / /.90.25/ RH.17/.22.45/.65.15/ / /.60.20/ RH.17/.22.45/.65.15/ / / RH.18/.23.50/.70.15/ / /.30 50B40RH*.38/.43.75/ / / RH.28/.33.70/.90.15/ / RH.38/.43.70/.90.15/ / RH.56/.64.75/ / / RH.18/.23.70/.90.15/.35.40/.70.40/.60.15/ RH.20/.25.70/.90.15/.35.40/.70.40/.60.15/ RH.18/.23.70/.90.15/.35.40/.70.40/.60.20/ RH.20/.25.75/ /.35.40/.70.40/.60.30/ RH.08/.13.45/.65.15/ / / /.15 Unless specified: Cu 5.35 max, Ni 5.25 max, Cr 5.20 max, Mo 5.06 max * B /

12 FORMERLY STANDARD STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits SAE P S No. C Mn Max Max max.60 max /.36.70/ /.38.50/ /.38.70/ /.65.50/ /.65.85/ /.70.50/ /.75.40/ /.80.40/ /.93.60/ /.93.70/ /.94.30/ /.13.50/ / /.13.60/ / /.13.30/ / max.60/.90.07/ / max.70/ / / max.70/ / / / / / /.18.60/ / / / / / / / /.23.70/ / / / / / / / /.49.70/ / /.55.70/ / max.60/.90.07/.12.10/ / / / / / / / / /.29.80/ / / / / / / /.47.80/ /.50.80/ / / /.56.85/ /.55.80/ /.65.75/ /.75.80/ / / /.88.80/ /.98.80/

13 FORMERLY STANDARD STEELS continued Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits SAE No. C Mn Cr Ni Mo Other /.20.40/ / /.33.60/ / /.43.70/ / /.48.70/ / /.14.45/ / /.17.40/ / /.20.45/ / /.18.40/.60.55/ / /.22.60/.80.55/ / /.33.60/.80.55/ / /.38.60/.80.55/ / X /.43.70/.90.70/ / /.43.70/.90.55/ / /.48.70/.90.70/ / /.53.70/.90.70/ / /.20.30/.60.90/ / /.25.30/.60.90/ / /.35.30/.60.90/ / /.45.30/.60.90/ / /.50.30/.60.90/ / /.55.30/.60.90/ / /.13.45/ / / /.16.30/ / / max /.13.45/ / / /.19.45/ / / /.30.30/ / / /.40.30/ / / /.45.30/ / / /.20.30/.60.60/ / /.40.30/.60.60/ / /.55.30/.60.60/ / /.14.75/ / /.25.70/ / /.30.70/ / /.35.70/ / /.45.70/ / /.56.75/ / /.67.75/ / /.70.75/ / /.22.70/.90.40/ / a.18/.23.75/ / / /.28.70/.90.40/ / /.33.50/.70.90/ / /.38.70/.90.80/ / /.50.75/ / / /.64.75/ / / /.20.45/.65.40/ / / /.40.60/.80.70/ / / /.23.45/ / S 5.035/.050 a Formerly PS 24 13

14 FORMERLY STANDARD STEELS continued Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits SAE No. C Mn Cr Ni Mo Other 4419H.17/.23.35/ / /.25.70/ / /.29.70/ / /.11.25/ / / B12*.10/.15.45/ / / /.18.45/ / / /.20.45/ / / X /.23.50/ / / /.23.70/ / / H.17/.23.60/ / / /.29.45/ / / /.43.60/ / / b.13/.18.70/.90.45/.65.70/ / /.21.70/.90.35/.55.90/ / /.22.50/.70.35/.55.90/ / /.15.40/ / / /.18.40/ / / /.20.40/ / / /.17.30/.50.30/ B40*.38/.43.75/ / B44*.43/.48.75/ / /.48.70/.90.55/ /.48.75/ / B50*.48/.53.75/ / /.64.75/ / B60*.56/.64.75/ / /.18.70/.90.70/ /.20.70/.90.70/ /.38.60/.80.80/ /.48.70/.90.70/ H.42/.49.60/ / /.51.70/.95.85/ /.55.70/.90.90/ /.59.70/.90.70/ / /.45.40/ V /.20.30/.60.80/ min /.20.70/.90.70/ min /.21.50/.70.50/ / /.22.70/.90.70/ min /.30.60/.90.80/ min /.35.60/.90.80/ min /.40.60/.90.80/ min /.45.60/.90.80/ min /.48.70/.90.80/ min / /.45.80/ min W / max 3.00/ / / max 3.00/ / / max.50/ /2.00 * B /.003 b Formerly PS 30 14

15 FORMERLY STANDARD STEELS continued Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits SAE No. C Mn Cr Ni Mo Other /.18.70/.90.30/.50.20/.40.08/ B45*.43/.48.75/ /.55.20/.40.08/ /.28.70/.90.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.30.70/.90.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.35.70/.90.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.38.75/ /.60.40/.70.15/ /.43.75/ /.60.40/.70.15/ /.43.75/ /.60.40/.70.15/ /.45.75/ /.60.40/.70.15/ B45*.43/.48.75/ /.60.40/.70.15/ /.50.75/ /.60.40/.70.15/ /.53.75/ /.60.40/.70.15/ /.56.75/ /.80.40/.70.15/ /.59.75/ /.60.40/.70.15/ /.64.75/ /.60.40/.70.15/ /.18.70/.90.40/.60.40/.70.20/ /.20.70/.90.40/.60.40/.70.20/ /.23.60/.80.40/.60.40/.70.20/ /.38.75/ /.60.40/.70.20/ /.43.75/ /.60.40/.70.20/ /.45.75/ /.60.40/.70.20/ /.48.75/ /.60.40/.70.20/ /.53.75/ /.60.40/.70.20/ /.55.60/ /.59.60/.80.60/ /.59.70/ /.65.75/ / /.65.75/ / /.13.45/ / / / /.18.45/ / / / /.20.45/ / / / B15.13/.18.75/ /.50.30/.60.08/ B17.15/.20.75/ /.50.30/.60.08/ B30*.28/.33.75/ /.50.30/.60.08/ /.40.90/ /.50.30/.60.08/ /.43.90/ /.50.30/.60.08/ B40*.38/.43.75/ /.60.30/.60.08/ /.45.90/ /.50.30/.60.08/ /.48.90/ /.50.30/.60.08/ /.50.90/ /.50.30/.60.08/ /.50.50/.80.10/.25.40/.70.15/ /.67.50/.80.10/.25.40/.70.15/ /.43.70/.90.70/.90.85/ / /.48.70/.90.70/.90.85/ / /.53.70/.90.70/.90.85/ / V 438V12*.08/.13.75/ / / / min 438V14*.10/.15.45/.65.40/ / / min * B / Si /2.20 S 5.04/.60 2 Si /

16 SELECTED MILITARY SPECIFICATIONS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits 16 Solid Nearest Equivalent or P S MIL* Tube C Mn Max Max Si Cr Ni Mo AMS SAE No. S-5000 S.38/.43.65/ /.35.70/ / / E4340 S S 1.00/ / / max.25 max.06 max S-5626 S.38/.43.75/ /.35.80/ max.15/ / S-6049 S.38/.43.75/ /.35.40/.60.40/.70.20/ /6325/ S-6050 S.28/.33.70/ /.35.40/.60.40/.70.15/ S S.38/.43.50/ / / / / S-6758 S.28/.33.40/ /.35.80/ max.15/ S S.23/ / / max. 1.65/ / M4** S-7393 S.08/.13.45/ / / / S.14/.19.45/ / / / S.07/.13.40/ / / / / S-7420 S.98/ / / / /6444/ S S.48/.53.70/ /.35.75/ * Some MIL numbers cancelled. Replaced by AMS numbers. ** Timken Company mill type. Aircraft Quality Steels Except Where Indicated Cu 5.35 max unless specified 1 Al max 2 Al 5.95/ P & S max if Basic Electric Furnace Steel is specified 4 V 5.15 min Inactive/Cancelled

17 SELECTED MILITARY SPECIFICATIONS continued Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits 17 Solid Nearest Equivalent or P S MIL* Tube C Mn Max Max Si Cr Ni Mo AMS SAE No. S S 18/.23.70/ /.35.40/.60.40/.70.15/ S S.34/.41.60/ / / S ,6 S.28/.33.80/ /.35.75/ / / / M4V1* S-8707 S.38/.43.70/ /.35.70/.90.85/ / S S or T.38/.43.65/ /.35.70/ / / S S or T.40/.44.65/ / / / / M T-5066 T.22/.28.30/ max T S S.48/.55.75/ /.35.80/ / S S.47/.55.70/ /.09.20/.35.80/ / R50 S ,8 S.41/.49.60/ /.35.80/ / M3V2* S S.38/.45.75/ /.35.95/ / * Some MIL numbers cancelled. Replaced by AMS numbers. ** Timken Company mill type. Aircraft Quality Steels Except Where Indicated Cu 5.35 max unless specified 5 P & S max if consumable vacuum melted steel is specified 6 V 5.05/.10 7 Al max 8 V 5.20/.30 Inactive/Cancelled

18 SELECTED AMS ALLOY STEEL SPECIFICATIONS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits 18 AMS SAE Number C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo V Designations /.13.40/.70.15/ / / max /.13.40/.70.15/ / / / /.17.40/.70.15/ / / / /.20.40/.70.15/ / / / /.13.40/.70.15/ / / / CV /.13.75/ /.40.40/ / /.30.03/.08 43BV /.18.70/.90.15/.35.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.20.70/.90.15/.35.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.23.60/.95.15/.35.35/.65.35/.75.15/ /.20.60/.95.15/.35.30/.50.30/.60.08/ B /.33.70/.90.15/.35.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.33.70/.90.15/.35.40/.60.40/.70.15/ /.38.75/ /.35.40/.60.40/.70.20/ /.17.45/.65.15/ max 1.65/ / /.20.45/.65.15/ max 1.65/ / /.22.45/.65.15/ max 1.65/ / /.23.40/.70.15/.35.35/ / / H /.40.70/.90.15/ max.25 max.20/ P & S max, Cu 5.35 max unless specified 1 B max 3 B / P & S max 4 P & S max

19 SELECTED AMS ALLOY STEEL SPECIFICATIONS continued Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits AMS SAE Number C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo V Designations /.33.45/.65.55/ / max..40/.60.20/ AS /.30.60/.90.55/ / max..40/.60.75/ AV /.50.40/.70.15/.35.80/ max..45/.65.25/ /.43.60/.80.15/ max 1.65/ / /.38.75/ /.35.40/.60.40/.70.20/ /.43.75/ /.35.30/.55.20/.40.08/ B /.43.75/ /.35.40/.60.40/.70.20/ /.43.75/ /.35.40/.60.40/.70.20/ /.43.75/ /.35.55/.75.55/.85.20/ Mod /.53.75/ /.35.40/.60.40/.70.20/ /.43.70/.90.15/.35.70/.90.85/ / /.33.40/.60.15/.35.80/ max.15/ /.38.70/.90.15/.35.80/ max.15/ /.43.75/ /.35.80/ max.15/ /.43.75/ /.35.80/ max.15/ /.33.60/.80.40/ / / / HS /.43.65/.85.15/.35.70/ / / * P & S max, Cu 5.35 max unless specified * Special Aircraft Quality Normalized and Tempered 5 Cu 5.50 max 6 B / P max, S max

20 SELECTED AMS ALLOY STEEL SPECIFICATIONS continued Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits 20 AMS SAE Number C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo V Designations /.40.65/.85.15/.35.70/ / / /.43.65/.90.15/.35.70/ / / CV /.43.65/.85.15/.35.70/ / / / / / / / / M /.45.60/ / / / /.50.05/.10 CV300M /.40.65/.85.15/.35.70/.90.70/ / B37 Mod /.43.65/.85.15/.35.70/.90.70/ /.25.01/.06 98BV40 Mod /.33.75/ /.35.75/ / /.50.05/ M4V /.38.60/.80.15/.35.65/ / /.40.17/ Mod /.38.60/.90.40/.60.65/ / /.40.17/ M4V /.50.60/.90.15/.30.90/ /.70.90/ /.15 D6-AC / /.45.15/ / max.10 max / /.45.15/ / max.08 max... CV52100* / / /.70.90/ max.08 max... CV51100 Mod /.53.70/.90.15/.35.80/ max.06 max.15/ P & S max, Cu 5.35 max unless specified * Premium Aircraft Quality 8 P & S max 9 P & S max 10 B /.005

21 NITRIDING STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits 21 AMS Other Number C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Al Designations /.43.50/.80.20/ / max.30/.40.95/ M or # /.43.50/.80.20/ / max.30/.40.95/1.30 CV Nit #3 6472*.38/.43.50/.80.20/ / max.30/.40.95/ /.26.50/.70.20/ / / / /1.40 N * P max, S max

22 AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits 22 Type C Mn Si P S Number Max Max Max Max Max Cr Ni Others / / /5.50 N max / / /6.00 N max / /8.00 N max / /10.00 N max 302B / / / min 17.00/ /10.00 Zr, Mo 5.60 max* / / TP / / L / /12.00 N max TP304L / / TP304H.04/ / / / / / / / / / / TP / / / / / / /14.00 Mo /3.00 N max TP / /14.00 Mo / L / /14.00 Mo /3.00 N max * At producers option, reported only when intentionally added.

23 AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS continued Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits Type C Mn Si P S Number Max Max Max Max Max Cr Ni Others TP316L / /15.00 Mo /3.00 TP316H.04/ /14.00 Mo /3.00 TP / /14.00 Mo / / /12.00 Ti C min,.60 max TP / /13.00 Ti C min,.60 max 23 TP321H.04/ / /13.00 Ti C min,.60 max / /13.00 Cb 1Ta C min TP / /13.00 Cb 1 Ta C min max TP347H.04/ / /13.00 Cb 1 Ta C min max / /13.00 Cb 1 Ta C min Ta 5.10 max TP / /13.00 Cb 1 Ta C min Cb 1 Ta max TP348H.04/ / /13.00 Cb 1 Ta C min Ta 5.10 max Cb 1 Ta max / / / / H 5 Grades for high temperature service. TP 5 Tubular Products

24 CHROMIUM STAINLESS STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits 24 Type C Mn Si P S Number Max Max Max Max Max Cr Ni Others / Turbine Quality / max AI 5.10/.30 TP / max AI 5.10/ / max... TP / max / / min 12.00/ Zr, Mo 5.60 max* 420 Over / TP420 Over / max / F min 16.00/ Mo 5.60 max* / / A.60/ / Mo 5.75 max 440B.75/ / Mo 5.75 max 440C.95/ / Mo 5.75 max TP / max Cu 5.90/ Over / Mo 5.40/ / Mo 5.40/.65 Prefix TP denotes tubular products. Suffixes A, B and C denote differing carbon ranges for the same grade. F denotes a free machining grade. * At producer s option, reported only when intentionally added.

25 SELECTED ASTM SPECIFICATIONS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits 25 ASTM Number Grade C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo V A106* A.25 max.27/ min.40 max.40 max.15 max.08 max B.30 max.29/ min.40 max.40 max.15 max.08 max C.35 max.29/ min.40 max.40 max.15 max.08 max A182 F11.10/.20.30/.80.50/ / / F12.10/.20.30/.80.10/.60.80/ / A192 A.06/.18.27/ max A200 T4.05/.15.30/.60.50/ / / T5.15 max.30/ max 4.00/ / T7.15 max.30/.60.50/ / / T9.15 max.30/.60.25/ / / T11.05/.15.30/.60.50/ / / T21.05/.15.30/ max 2.65/ / T22.05/.15.30/ max 1.90/ / T91**.08/.12.30/.60.20/ / max.85/ /.25 A209 T1.10/.20.30/.80.10/ / T1b.14 max.30/.80.10/ / See current ASTM specifications for P & S limitations. These grades also included in ASTM Specifications A213 and A335. * The combined elements of Cr, Ni, Mo, V and Cu must not exceed 1% ** Cb 5.06/.10, N 5.03/.07, Al 5.04 max

26 SELECTED ASTM SPECIFICATIONS continued Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits 26 ASTM Number Grade C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Others A210 A1.27 max.93 max.10 min C.35 max.29/ min A213 T5b.15 max.30/ / / /.65 T5c.12 max.30/ max 4.00/ /.65 Ti C min,.70 max T12.05/.15.30/ max.80/ /.65 TP304H.04/ max.75 max 18.00/ / TP310H.04/ max.75 max 24.00/ / TP316H.04/ max.75 max 16.00/ / /3.00 TP321H.04/ max.75 max 17.00/ / Ti C min,.60 max TP347H.04/ max.75 max 17.00/ / Cb 1 Ta C min,1.00 max TP max 2.00 max.75 max 17.00/ / Cb 1 Ta C min, Ta 5.10 max Cb 1 Ta max See current ASTM specifications for P & S limitations These grades also included in ASTM Specifications A312 and A376. TIMKEN TUBULAR HOLLOW DRILL STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits Type C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo TDS-10.72/.85.30/ TDS-30.17/.22.45/.65.15/.30.40/ / /.30 TDS-50.27/.33.60/.80.40/ / / /.55 TDS-70.25/.31.80/ / / max..25/.35 TDS-90.23/.28.40/.60.15/ / /.60

27 TIMKEN OIL COUNTRY STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits 27 Type C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Cb Other Impact 7.26/.32.60/ / /.75.02/.05 Impact 8.26/.32.90/ / / max.75/.85.02/.05 Impact 10.26/.32.90/ /.35.70/.90.50/.70.65/.75.02/.05 9Cr1Mo.15 max.30/.60.25/ / / P max S max max 1.00 max 1.00 max 12.00/ P max 420 Mod.18/ max 1.00 max 12.50/ P max P max, S max

28 CORROSION RESISTANT ALLOYS Duplex Stainless Steel Ranges and Limits (Not Manufactured by Timken) 28 Designation C max Mn max Si max Cr Ni 44LN DP RE * * Uranus Ferralium Mo PLUS *Range indicates min to max mass functions.

29 TIMKEN WELDABLE HIGH STRENGTH STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits Type C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo V B WHS 100 TM.13/ / /.30.65/.90.40/.70.15/.25.03/ added WHS 130 TM.20/.27.60/.80.15/.30.70/ / / TM - Trademark of The Timken Company 29 TIMKEN HIGH STRENGTH STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits Type C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo V HS /.33.60/.80.40/ / / / HS / / / / / / HS /.33.75/ /.35.75/ / /.50.05/.10 HS /.38.60/.80.15/.35.65/ / /.40.17/.23 HS /.38.60/.90.40/.60.65/ / /.40.17/.23

30 TIMKEN MICROALLOY STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits Type C Mn V S Si Other MicroTec 2W / / / MicroTec 2W / / / MicroTec 2W / / / MicroTec 2W / / / MicroTec 3W / / / MicroTec 3W / / / MicroTec 3W75A 0.28/ / / MicroTec 3M / / / N =.008/.015 MicroTec 3M80A 0.28/ / / / N =.008/.015 MicroTec 3M80B 0.32/ / / max. 0.40/0.50 MicroTec 3M80C 0.32/ / / / /0.30 MicroTec 3M / / / / MicroTec 4M / / / / /0.50 MicroTec 4M / / / MicroTec 4M90A 0.36/ / / / MicroTec 4M / / / max. 0.50/0.70 MicroTec 4M95A 0.38/ / / / /0.65 MicroTec 5H / / / / MicroTec 5H / / / / /0.35 MicroTec 5H / / / / /0.65 MicroTec 5H95A 0.52/ / / / /0.65 Cr =.15/.45

31 TIMKEN ALLOY STEELS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE SERVICE Chemical Composition Range and Limits 31 P S ASTM Type C Mn Max Max Si Cr Mo No.50Mo*.10/.20.30/ / /.65 1 DM.15 max.30/ / / / DM-2.15 max.30/ max.80/ / /4 Cr 1 Mo.15 max.30/ max 1.90/ / Cr 1/2 Mo.15 max.30/ max 4.00/ / Cr 1/2 Mo+Ti**.12 max.30/ max 4.00/ /.65 5c 5 Cr 1/2 Mo+Si.15 max.30/ / / /.65 5b 5 Cr 1 Mo+Si.15 max.30/ / / / Cr 1/2 Mo.15 max.30/ / / / Cr 1 Mo.15 max.30/ / / / T9***.08/.12.30/ / / / *.50 Mo steel also available with.08/.14 C. ** Ti C min,.70 max *** Ni 5.40 max, V 5.18/.25, Cb 5.06/.10, N 5.03/.07, Al 5.04 max TIMKEN HIGH TEMPERATURE ENGINEERING STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges P S AMS Type C Mn Max Max Si Cr Mo V No A.41/.48.45/ / / /.60.20/ AS.28/.33.45/ / / /.60.20/ AV.25/.30.60/ / / /.60.75/

32 TIMKEN TUBING FOR POLYETHYLENE PRODUCTION Chemical Composition Ranges Type C Mn Cr Ni Mo 4333M4.30/.38.70/ / / / M6.30/.38.70/ / / /.65 TIMKEN SPECIAL BEARING STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits 32 Type C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo V 52100*.98/ /.45.15/ / ASTM-A485-1(#1 Mod.) a.90/ / /.75.90/ ASTM-A485-2(#2 Mod.).85/ / / / ASTM-A485-3(T-1) a.95/ /.90.15/ / / ASTM-A485-4(T-2) a.95/ / / / / TBS-600 TM b.95/ /.80.85/ / / CBS-600 TM c.16/.22.40/.70.90/ / / CBS1000M TM d.10/.16.40/.60.40/.60.90/ / / /.50 CBS-50NiL**.11/.15.15/.35.10/ / / / /1.33 TBA-2 e.70/ / /.35.90/ / / M-50.77/ max..25 max. 3.75/ max. 4.00/ / C.95/ max max / max.... TBS-9.89/ /.80.15/.35.40/ max..08/ * shown for reference purposes only b Through hardening steel for service up to 600 F. e Through hardening steel can be air quenched. ** Max Cu.10, Co.25, W.25, P.015, S.010 c Carburizing steel for service up to 600 F. a Deep hardening steels. d Carburizing steel for service up to 1000 F.

33 TIMKEN GRAPHITIC TOOL STEELS Nominal Chemical Composition ASTM Type C Mn S Si Cr Ni Mo W Other O6 Graph-Mo A10 Graph-Air HIGH-SPEED STEELS Nominal Chemical Composition ASTM C Si Mn W Cr V Mo Co Other M M M2-HC Alloy Sulfides M M M M Nitrogen M M M M T

34 COLD WORK DIE STEELS Nominal Chemical Composition 34 ASTM C Si Mn W Cr V Mo Ni Other A A A A A D D D Co D L O O S S S

35 HOT WORK DIE STEELS Nominal Chemical Composition 35 ASTM C Si Mn W Cr V Mo Co Other H H H H H H H P

36 COMPARATIVE PROPERTIES FOR THE SELECTION AND USE OF HIGH SPEED STEELS 36 Wear Hot ASTM Resistance Toughness Hardness Grindability M1 M2 M3-1 M3-2 M4 M7 M10 M35 M42 M50 M52 T15

37 COMPARATIVE PROPERTIES FOR THE SELECTION AND USE OF HOT WORK DIE STEELS 37 Wear Temper ASTM Resistance Toughness Resistance Machinability H10 Mod H11 H12 H13 H14 H19 H21

38 COMPARATIVE PROPERTIES FOR THE SELECTION AND USE OF COLD WORK DIE STEELS Wear Dimensional ASTM Resistance Toughness Stability Machinability 38 A2 A6 A8 A10 D2 D3 D7 L6 O1 O6 S7

39 COMPARATIVE PROPERTIES FOR THE SELECTION AND USE OF SHOCK STEELS Wear Dimensional ASTM Resistance Toughness Stability Machinability 39 A8 S1 S5 S7 H13 L6

40 END-QUENCH HARDENABILITY BANDS Tabulations of Band Limits 1038 H to 15B21 H These values were adjusted to the nearest Rockwell C point, and are used when points are selected and specified 40 J GRADE Distance Sixteenths 1038 H 1045 H 1522 H 1524 H 1526 H 1541 H 15B21 H of an Inch Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min

41 END-QUENCH HARDENABILITY BANDS Tabulations of Band Limits 15B28 H to 1330 H These values were adjusted to the nearest Rockwell C point, and are used when points are selected and specified 41 J GRADE Distance Sixteenths 15B28 H 15B30 H 15B35 H 15B37 H 15B41 H 15B48 H 15B62 H 1330 H of an Inch Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min

42 END-QUENCH HARDENABILITY BANDS Tabulations of Band Limits 1335 H to 4037 H These values were adjusted to the nearest Rockwell C point, and are used when points are selected and specified 42 J GRADE Distan Sixteenths 1340 H 1345 H 3310 H* 3316 H* 4028 H 4032 H 4037 H 4042 H of an Inch Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min * Formerly Standard Steels

43 END-QUENCH HARDENABILITY BANDS Tabulations of Band Limits 4042 H to 4142 H These values were adjusted to the nearest Rockwell C point, and are used when points are selected and specified 43 J GRADE Distance Sixteenths 4047 H 4118 H 4120 H 4130 H 4135 H 4137 H 4140 H 4142 H of an Inch Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min

44 END-QUENCH HARDENABILITY BANDS Tabulations of Band Limits 4145 H to 4620 H These values were adjusted to the nearest Rockwell C point, and are used when points are selected and specified 44 J GRADE Distance Sixteenths 4145 H 4147 H 4150 H 4161 H 4320 H 4340 H E 4340 H 4620 H of an Inch Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min