The Chemistry of Color. Certified Colors. PERMACOL FD&C Dyes and FD&C Lake Pigments D&C Oil-Soluble Dyes D&C Water-Soluble Dyes

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1 Certified Colors FD&C Dyes and FD&C Lake Pigments D&C Oil-Soluble Dyes D&C Water-Soluble Dyes

2 Certified Colors from Standard All of our certified colors meet or exceed the most stringent requirements for purity and safety. A variety of convenient packaging sizes are available: 100 grams 5 kilograms 1 kilogram 25 kilograms We also offer custom package sizes to meet your particular production needs large or small. We can even blend special custom colors to match your exact specifications and requirements. FD&C Lake Pigments These lake pigments exhibit excellent tinctorial strength and stability to light and heat. Water-insoluble lake pigments eliminate bleeding and migration common in water-based systems. Color disperses easily in high-fat systems and oil-based compounds. Suitable for hard and soft panning to create a hard shell on candies and pills. FD&C Lake Pigments are perfect for: Bakery Products Dairy Products Beverage & Dessert Powders Food Packaging Confections Pharmaceuticals Cosmetics Seasoned Powders STANDARD COLORS

3 FD&C Colors A full range of colors certified in the U.S. for use in food products. These vibrant colors exhibit excellent tinctorial strength and stability to light and heat. Water-soluble colors are ideally suited for aqueous-based systems. FD&C Colors are ideally suited for: Bakery Products Dairy Products Beverage & Dessert Powders Nuts Confections Sausage Casings Dry Mixes Pet Foods D&C Oil- and Water-Soluble Colors A broad palette of colors for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, toiletries and personal care products. These brilliant colors exhibit excellent tinctorial strength and stability to light and heat. D&C Colors are an excellent choice for: Blushes Eye Shadows Creams Lipsticks Lotions Capsules Shampoos Coated Tablets Soaps Compressed Tablets Bath Gels Bath Salts

4 FD&C Colors H 2 O Glycerol Methanol Ethanol Petroleum Jelly Toluene Stearic Oleic Oil Wax Ethyl Ester FD&C Yellow 5 S S SS SS IE IE IE IE IE IE I FD&C Yellow 6 S S S SS I I I I I I I FD&C Red 40 S S S SS I I I I I I I FD&C Blue 1 S S S S C I C C C C I FD&C Green 3 S S S M I I I I I I I Food use only Stability to Variations in ph Light Oxidation Heat ph 3 ph 8 Distilled Water FD&C Red 3 Poor Fair Good Precipitates Stable 12 oz/gal FD&C Blue 2 Very Poor Poor Good Appreciable fade <1 week Fades completely 1 oz/gal FD&C Lake Pigments H 2 O Glycerol Methanol Ethanol Petroleum Jelly Toluene Stearic Oleic Oil Wax Ethyl Ester FD&C Yellow 5 Alum. Lake 31%-38% S S SS SS IE IE IE IE IE IE I FD&C Yellow 6 Alum. Lake 31%-38% S S S SS I I I I I I I FD&C Red 40 Alum. Lake 31%-38% S S S SS I I I I I I I FD&C Blue 1 Alum. Lake 31%-38% S S S S C I C C C C I Food use only Stability to Variations in ph Light Oxidation Heat ph 3 ph 8 Distilled Water FD&C Blue 2 Alum. Lake 31%-38% Very Poor Poor Good Appreciable fade <1 week Fades completely 1 oz/gal STANDARD COLORS

5 Acetone Butyl Acetate Light Acetic HCl NaOH 0.9% Phys. Salt Sol. 5% 5% FeSO 4 Alum Oxidizing I I d I I I I Ia I 3 5 4g 4 6 4r I I b 6 3r Acetone Solubility at 25 C Microbiological Data Reducing Glycerine Propylene Glycol Ethanol (95%) APC Yeast & Mold Gram Negative 30 oz/gal 28 oz/gal 2 oz/gal <1000 col/gram 2 oz/gal Trace Tint <1000 col/gram Butyl Acetate Light Acetic HCl NaOH 0.9% Phys. Salt Sol. <100 col/gram combined <100 col/gram combined 5% 5% FeSO 4 Alum Oxidizing Negative Negative I I d I I I I Ia I 3 4 4g 4 6 4r Solubility at 25 C Microbiological Data Reducing Glycerine Propylene Glycol Ethanol (95%) APC Yeast & Mold Gram Negative 2 oz/gal Trace Tint <1000 col/gram <100 col/gram combined Negative Key to Table a Very sparingly soluble may bleed or stain B Insoluble in water, soluble in aqueous alkaline solution b Turns much bluer in hue C Practically insoluble, but useful in nearly neutral or slightly acid emulsions 25 degrees Centigrade D Practically insoluble, but may be dispersed by grinding and homogenizing; solid mediums (waxes) should be softened or melted before or during the grinding d Hue becomes duller or darker E Practically insoluble in the fatty acid, oil, or wax, but useful in coloring slightly alkaline aqueous emulsions F Solution usually fluorescent G Soluble or dispersible in oils and waxes in presence of 10-25% of a fatty acid g Turns much greener in hue I Insoluble J Tends to thicken or gel the solution k Turns brownish in hue L Turns orange in hue M Moderately soluble (<1%) m Turns scarlet in hue p Dye precipitated as heavymetal salt or color acid r Turns redder in shade S Dissolves (solubilty >1%) SS Sparingly soluble (<0.25%) U In alkaline-reducing vats a soluble leuco compound forms v Turns violet in hue W Not fast to prolonged storage in some waxes w Becomes tinctorially weaker x Turns yellow in hue y Turns yellower in hue z Hazy or cloudy * practically colorless 1 Very poor fastness 2 Poor fastness 3 Fair fastness 4 Moderate fastness 5 Good fastness 6 Very good fastness 7 Excellent fastness

6 D&C Water Soluble Colors H 2 O Glycerol Methanol Ethanol Petroleum Jelly Toluene Stearic Oleic Oil Wax Ethyl Ester D&C Yellow 8 SF SF SF M IE I IE IE IE IE Ia D&C Yellow 10 S S M SS I I I I I I Ia D&C Orange 4 S S S M IE I IE IE IE IE I D&C Red 22 SF SF SF SF IE I IE IE IE IE Ia D&C Red 28 S S S S IE I IE IE IE IE Ia D&C Red 33 S S SS SS I I I I I I I External D&C Violet 2 I Ia SS SS S S S S S SW SS D&C Oil Soluble Colors H 2 O Glycerol Methanol Ethanol Petroleum Jelly Toluene Stearic Oleic Oil Wax Ethyl Ester D&C Yellow 8 SF SF SF M IE I IE IE IE IE 1a D&C Yellow 11 I SS S S S S S S S S S D&C Red 17 I SS SS-M SS S S S S S S SS D&C Red 21 IBF Da SS SS D I D D D D M* D&C Red 27 1B Da ss ss d i d d d d Ia D&C Green 5 S S S SS IE I IE IE IE IEW I D&C Green 6 I Ia SS SS M S M M M M SS D&C Violet 2 I Ia SS SS S S S S S SW SS STANDARD COLORS

7 Acetone Butyl Acetate Light Acetic HCl NaOH 0.9% Phys. Salt Sol. 5% 5% FeSO 4 Alum Oxidizing kla I 3 3p 3p 6 6 z-p p 3 3 SS I r 6 z Ia I m 6 J-p J-p 3 3 SS I 2 2py 1py 5 6 3d 2y 4 4 SS I 3 2p 4p 6 6 z P 4 4 I I 5 6 3z SS S 4 5I 5I 5I 6I 4I 4I 2 1 Acetone Butyl Acetate Light Acetic HCl NaOH 0.9% Phys. Salt Sol. 5% 5% FeSO 4 Alum Oxidizing kla I 3 3p 3p 6 6 z-p p 3 3 S S 2 I 5I Iw I I I 2 5 SS M 3 5I 4Id 5I I 4Id 4I 3 1 S I 2 3I 3I 5Sr I Id 4I 4 4 SS I 2 3I 3 5Sr I I I 4 4 SS I SS S 4 5L 5I 6I I I I 3 2 SS S 4 5I 5I 5I 6I 4I 4I 2 1 Reducing Reducing Key to Table a Very sparingly soluble may bleed or stain B Insoluble in water, soluble in aqueous alkaline solution b Turns much bluer in hue C Practically insoluble, but useful in nearly neutral or slightly acid emulsions 25 degrees Centigrade D Practically insoluble, but may be dispersed by grinding and homogenizing; solid mediums (waxes) should be softened or melted before or during the grinding d Hue becomes duller or darker E Practically insoluble in the fatty acid, oil, or wax, but useful in coloring slightly alkaline aqueous emulsions F Solution usually fluorescent G Soluble or dispersible in oils and waxes in presence of 10-25% of a fatty acid g Turns much greener in hue I Insoluble J Tends to thicken or gel the solution k Turns brownish in hue L Turns orange in hue M Moderately soluble (<1%) m Turns scarlet in hue p Dye precipitated as heavymetal salt or color acid r Turns redder in shade S Dissolves (solubilty >1%) SS Sparingly soluble (<0.25%) U In alkaline-reducing vats a soluble leuco compound forms v Turns violet in hue W Not fast to prolonged storage in some waxes w Becomes tinctorially weaker x Turns yellow in hue y Turns yellower in hue z Hazy or cloudy * practically colorless 1 Very poor fastness 2 Poor fastness 3 Fair fastness 4 Moderate fastness 5 Good fastness 6 Very good fastness 7 Excellent fastness

8 Standard Colors, Inc. www. standardcolors.com Toll-Free Phone Fax Mailing Address: P.O. Box 2808 High Point, NC Shipping Address: 520 Townsend Ave. High Point, NC Copyright 2015 Standard Colors, Inc. DISCLAIMER: To our best knowledge, the information and recommendations contained herein are accurate and reliable. However, this information and our recommendations are furnished without warranty, representation, inducement, or license of any kind, including, but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for particular use or purpose. Customers are encouraged to conduct their own tests and to read the product labels carefully before using them. Furthermore, the customer assumes sole liability for any patent infringement that occurs by reason of their following our recommendations or using the information given. CAUTION: Dyes and chemicals may cause irritation if allowed to come in contact with the skin. The use of gloves and protective goggles is recommended when handling these products, as with any other dye or chemical.