of Solids VII Fracture and Strength %) TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD Aidy AH, Andanastuti Muchtar, Mariyam Jameelah Ghazali and Zainuddin Sajuri Part 1

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1 Fracture and Strength of Solids VII Part 1 Selected, peer reviewed papers of the Eight International Conference on Fracture and Strength of Solids (FEOFS) 2010, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, June 7-9, 2010 Edited by Ahmad Kamal Ariffin, Shahrum Abdullah, Aidy AH, Andanastuti Muchtar, Mariyam Jameelah Ghazali and Zainuddin Sajuri %) TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD Switzerland UK USA

2 Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgements Committees v vi vii Parti Mechanical Behavior of 2D C/SiC Composites at Elevated Temperatures under Uniaxial Compression T. Suo, Y.L. Li and M.S. Liu 1 Newly Designed Adhesive Joint for Torque Loaded Tube J. Akmal, I.W. Puja, S.S. Brodjonegoro, R. Suratman and I.W. Suweca 7 Comparing Study of Energy-Absorbing Behavior for Honeycomb Structures Y. Wang, P. Xue and J.P. Wang 13 Electrically Conductive Fibers/Yarns with Sensing Behavior from PVA and Carbon Black P. Xue, X.M. Tao and K.H. Park 18 Fracture and Plasticity in Nano-Porous Particle-Polymer Composites P. Alam and M. Toivakka 24 The Effect of Aging and the Protective Coating on the Oxidation Behavior of 6061Al/SiC Composite at High Temperatures S. Rajasekaran, N.K. Udayashankar and J. Nayak 30 Fatigue Damage Mechanism Analyses of Oriented Sheets of Polymethyl Methacrylate Glasses W.G. Guo, X.Q. Zhang and J. Su 36 An Approach for Landslide Stability Evaluation by Numerical Method X.L. Liu and J.J. Yang 42 The Stress and Strain Concentrations Associated with Two Interacting Holes in a Finite Thickness Elastic Plate Subjected to Tensile Stress Z. Yang, J. Hou, G.Y. Wang and Z.H. Xiong 48 Crack Closure Behavior under High-Load Ratio for AISI4340 Steel M.A. Razzaq, A.K. Ariffm, S. Abdullah and Z. Sajuri 54 Analytical Concepts for Recent Development in Fatigue Crack Growth under Variable Amplitude Loading. Part I: Qualitative Interpretation N.N. Abdullah, M.H. Hafezi and S. Abdullah 59 Effect of Static Pre-Strain on Low Cycle Fatigue Life ofaisi316l Stainless Steel T. Ido and J. Komotori 65 Effect of Ni Content on Dissolution Properties of Cu in Molten Sn-Ag-Cu-Ni-Ge Alloy H. Watanabe, M. Nagai, T. Osawa and I. Shohji 70 Analysis of Stress-Strain Hysteresis Loop and Prediction of Thermal Fatigue Life for Chip Size Package Solder Joints I. Shohji, T. Kobayashi and T. Tohei 76 Effect of Ag Content on Mechanical Properties of Lead-Free Sn-Ag-Cu-Ni-Ge Alloy I. Shohji, R. Arai, H. Ishikawa and M. Kojima 82 Buckling Analysis and Optimization of Stiffened Cylindrical Shells under Uniform Axial Compression X.H. Chen and L.C. Long 88 Influence of Strength Level of Steels on Fatigue Strength and Fracture Morphology of Spot Welded Joints K. Tohgo, T. Ohguma, Y. Shimamura and Y. Ojima 94

3 X Fracture and Strength of Solids VII Effect of Material Composition on Mechanical Properties of Ceramics-Metal Composite Materials T. Fujii, K. Tohgo, H. Araki, K. Wakazono, M. Ishikura and Y. Shimamura 100 Three-Dimensional Stress Analysis by a Digital Image Correlation Method and the Three-Dimensional Local Hybrid Method H. Kojima, K. Machida and Z.G. Zhang 106 Development of the Auto Mesh Generation Program for a Digital Image Correlation Method K. Tomita, K. Machida and Z.G. Zhang 112 Damage Assessment of a Structure by a Digital Image Correlation Method S. Yokota, H. Ohnuki, K. Machida and Z.G. Zhang 118 Vibrational Fatigue Analysis of a Strain Loading Using the Frequency and Wavelet Filtering Methods S. Abdullah, E.P. Teuku, Z.N. Mohd. and M.N. Zulkifli 124 Analysis of an Instrumented Charpy Impact Using Power Spectrum Density M.B. Ali, S. Abdullah, M.Z. Nuawi and A.K. Ariffin 130 Effect of Notched Parameters on Low Cycle Fatigue Life of Shaft with Annular Notch under Cantilever Bending Y.T. Li, H.Y. Duan and R.F. Wang 136 Calculation Stress Intensity Factor for Asphalt Pavement Basing on Weight Function Theory X. YuandR. Luo 142 Influence of Processing Parameters on Electrophoretically Deposited La0.6Sro.4CooaFeo Films H.A. Rahman, A. Muchtar, N. Muhamad and H. Abdullah 148 On the Crack Propagation Trajectory of Central Cracked Plates under Mixed Mode Loading Conditions M. Souiyah, A. Muchtar and A.K. Ariffin 154 Finite Element Analysis of Indentation Cracks for Brittle Materials under Static Loading M. Souiyah, A. Muchtar and A.K. Ariffin 160 Effect of Notched Parameters on Stress Field of Shaft under Torsional Loading Y.T. Li, P. Ma and C.F. Yan 166 Effects of Locations of Adhesive Hollows on Interfacial Stress Z.H. Xie, P.Y. Huang, G.Q. Zhong and J. Deng 172 Propagation Behavior of Interfacial Fatigue Cracks in RC Beams Strengthened with Pre-Stressed FRP J.H. Xie, P.Y. Huang, F. Liu and Y.C. Guo 177 Analysis of Concrete Early-Age Shrinkage Based on the Theory of Humidity Diffusion Y.F. Li, R.Q. Du and F.Y. Kong 183 Fatigue Strength Degradation by Irreversible Hydrogen in Cold Drawn Eutectoid Steels M. Nakatani and K. Minoshima 188 Stress Distribution Analysis on Four Types of Stress Corrosion Cracking Specimen S. Huzni, M. Ridha and A.K. Ariffin 194 Elastic-Plastic Flange Wrinkling of Circular Plates in Deep Drawing Process F. Moayyedian and M. Kadkhodayan 200 Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics under Hot-Wet Environment H. Katogi, K. Takemura and Y. Shimamura 207 Comparison on Compressive Behaviour of Aluminium Honeycomb and Titanium Alloy Micro Lattice Blocks R. Hasan, R.A.W. Mines, E. Shen, S. Tsopanos and W. Cantwell 213 Analysis of Mechanical Performance of Crumb Rubber Concrete by Different Aggregate Shape under Uniaxial Compression on Mesoscopic G. Q. Zhong, Y.C. Guo, L.J. Li and F. Liu 219

4 Key Engineering Materials Vols xi Optimising Real-Time Performance of Genetic Algorithm Clustering Method M.I. Khairir, Z.M. Nopiah, S. Abdullah and M.N. Baharin 223 Pre and Post Processing for Boundary Element Method (BEM) 3D Reinforced Concrete Corrosion Simulation S. Fonna, M. Ridha, S. Huzni, Israr and A.K. Ariffin 230 Durability Assessment of Quad Flat No-Lead Package Using Signal Analysis M.F.M. Yunoh, S. Abdullah, A. Jalar, L. Abdullah and M.F. Abdullah 236 Inelastic Seismic Response of RC Building with Control System F. Hejazi, S.J. Kojouri, J. Noorzaei, M.S. Jaafar, W.A. Thanoon and A.A.A. Abdullah 241 Effect of Interfacial Reaction in Sn-Ag-Cu Solder Alloy with Ni Addition H. Watanabe, M. Shimoda, N. Hidaka and I. Shohji 247 Study on Joint Deflection of Existing Joint Plain Concrete Pavement upon Adoption of Hot Mixture Asphalt Overlay J.S. Shan and Z.Y. Guo 253 Effect of Beam Height on Elastic Impact Load Subjected to Transverse Impact of Bar J.S. Ju, M. Ding, X.D. Shi, S. Cen, X.G. Jiang and X.H. Chen 259 Performance of the Casing-Plug Joints of Square Steel Tube Structures X.G. Jiang, N. Xu, X.D. Shi, Y.H. Wu, X.H. Chen and J.S. Ju 265 Out-of-Plane Secondary Bifurcation Buckling Behavior of Elastic Circle Pipe Arch Y.Z. He, C.Y. Liu, Z.H. Hou, G.K. Zhang, X.H. Chen, Z.C. Lin and J.S. Ju 271 Fracture Analyses for Interface Corners in Elastic Materials Subjected to Thermal Loading C.B. Hwu, T.L. Kuo and C.C. Huang 277 Necking Prediction in Tube Hydroforming by Stress-Based Forming Limit Diagrams A. Jaamialahmadi and M. Kadkhodayan 284 Finite Element Analysis of 4-Step 3-Dimensional Braided Composite Structure under High Velocity Impact X.T. Zheng, Q. Yang and L.H. Gou 289 Experimental Investigation of Residual Thermal Stress in Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) Y. Song, Q.Z. Fang and T.J. Wang 295 Numerical Analysis of Elastoplastic Behavior of Foams with Ellipsoidal Pores Z.M. Xu, W.X. Zhang and T.J. Wang 301 Effect of Aluminum Nitride (A1N) Addition on Wear and Mechanical Properties of Al-Si Alloy Composites Fabricated by Stir Casting Process M.N. Wahab, M.J. Ghazali and A.R. Daud 307 Characterisations of Cu-Based Coated A17075 via Plasma-Spray Technique M.J. Ghazali, S.E.M. Kamal and S. Abdullah 313 Stability Analyses of an Earth Dam Using Limit Equilibrium and Finite Element Methods A.A.M. Yunus, A. Kasa, Z. Chik and M.R. Taha 319 Premature Failure of Gas Turbine Blade Z. Sajuri, A.R. Said, M.L, Ibrahim and J. Syarif 325 A New Realization on Electro-Elastic Love Waves In Piezoelectric Layered Solids Z.H. Qian, F. Jin and S. Hirose 331 The Development of Validation Technique in Variable Amplitude Loadings Strain Repetitive Data Collection M.N. Baharin, Z.M. Nopiah, S. Abdullah, M.I. Khairir and A. Lennie 337 Micro-Hardness and Residual Stress Relaxation of 2024 T3S1 Aluminum Alloy O.S. Zaroog, A. Ali, B.B. Sahari and R. Zahari 343 The Resistance of Metallic Sandwich Plates to Blast Loading J.X. Zhang, Q.H. Qin and T.J. Wang 349

5 xii Fracture and Strength of Solids VII Effect of Aqueous Environment on High Cycle and Very-High-Cycle Fatigue Behavior for a Structural Steel Y.S. Hong and G.A. Qian 355 Estimation of Elastic Follow-Up in Structures S. Hadidi-Moud and D.J. Smith 361 Failure Analysis of a Herringbone Gear S. Netpu and P. Srichandr 366 Effect of Boundary Conditions on Transient Response of Sandwich Plates with Electrorheological Fluid Core J. Rahiminasab and J. Rezaeepazhand 372 Structural Similitude between Vibration Response and Flutter Boundary of Cross Ply Composite Plates A.A. Yazdi and J. Rezaeepazhand 378 Thermal Cycling Induced Crack Nucleation and Propagation in Thermal Barrier Coating System Y.L. Sun, W.X. Zhang, M. Tian and TJ. Wang 383 Effect of Spinel Growth on the Delamination of Thermal Barrier Coatings W.X. Zhang, Y.L. Sun and T.J. Wang 389 Numerical Simulation of Dislocation-Precipitate Interactions Using Dislocation Dynamics Combined with Voxel-Based Finite Elements A. Takahashi and Y, Terada 395 Prediction of the Mechanical Properties of Hot-Rolled Low Carbon Steel Strips in Correlation to Chemical Compositions and Rolling Conditions J. Noppon and S. Chandra-Ambhorn 401 Development of Tensile Test to Investigate Mechanical Adhesion of Thermal Oxide Scales on Hot-Rolled Steel Strips Produced Using Different Finishing Temperatures K. Ngamkham, S. Niltawach and S. Chandra-Ambhorn 407 Application of BEM for Improving Corrosion Assessment of Public Building Stricken by Tsunami Aceh 2004 M. Ridha, S. Fonna, S. Huzni, Fachrizal and A.K. Ariffin 413 Microstructural Behaviour Study and FEA-Based Fatigue Simulation on Parabolic Leaf Spring F.N.A. Refngah, S. Abdullah, A. Jalar and L.B. Chua 419 Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Dislocation-y-Precipitate Interactions in y'-precipitates A. Takahashi and Y. Terada 425 Stress Corrosion Cracking Analysis under Thermal Residual Stress Field Using S-FEM M. Kikuchi, Y. Wada, Y. Shimizu and Y.L. Li 431 Surface Crack Mesh Generation with Factory Roof under Mixed Mode Loading Using a Tetrahedral Element Y. Wada, M. Sato, Y. Orita and M. Kikuchi 437 Ductile Fracture Simulation of Pipe under Bending with Initial Defects M. Kikuchi and R. Senda 443 Influence and Sensitivity of Inertial Effect on Void Growth Behavior in Ductile Metals B. Liu, Z. Li, F. Xu and M. Kikuchi 449 Far Field Solution of Circular Inclusion and Linear Crack by SH-Wave H.L.Li 455 Fatigue Data Analysis Using Continuous Wavelet Transform and Discrete Wavelet Transform S. Abdullah, S.N. Sahadan, M.Z. Nuawi and Z.M. Nopiah 461 Failure Analysis of Steel Superheater Tube Fractured in a Boiler of a Power Plant Z. Huda 467 Durability Analysis of an Automobile Coil Spring Using Hybrid I-Kaz N. Ismail, S. Abdullah, M.Z. Nuawi, Z.M. Nopiah and A. Lennie 472

6 Key Engineering Materials Vols xiii A New Static Nonlinear Procedure for Assessment of Seismic Performance of High-Rise Buildings Q.W. Zhang, K. Megawati, L.P. Huang and T.C. Pan 478 A New S-N Curve Model of Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composite P.G. Mu, X.P. Wan and M.Y. Zhao 484 Observing Load Sequence Effects on Simulated and Experimental Fatigue Crack Growth Occurrence S.M. Beden, S. Abdullah, A.K. Ariffin and N.A. Kadhim 489 Steady-State Crack Propagation in Stressed Elastic Solid N.I. Chekunaev 495 Simulation and Experimental Analysis of Fatigue Crack Growth under Cyclic Loading S.M. Beden, S. Abdullah, A.K. Ariffin and N.A. Al-Asady 501 Acceleration, Retardation and Crack Arrest in Stressed Heterogeneous Structures N.I. Chekunaev and A.M. Kaplan 506 Application of Precise Integration in Dielectric Layer PBG Structure in a Waveguide H.W. Yang and L.C. Long 512 Green's Function Solution of the Semi-Space with Double Shallow-Buried Inclusions G. H.Wuand H.L. Li 518 Bird Impact Analysis of Wing Leading Edge Structure Based on SPH Method X.P. Wan, W.Z. Wang and M.Y. Zhao 524 Stress Relaxation and Fatigue Characterisation of Eutectic SnPb Solder Alloy M.A. Hashim and A. Rahmat 530 Life Prediction of Rubber Automotive Components Using Finite Element Method M.S.A. Samad, A. Ali and M.K.A. Arrifm 535 Investigation of Creep Fatigue Crack Propagation in Aluminium Tube K.A. Mohammad, A. Ali, A. Oshkour, B.B. Sahari and S. Abdullah 541 Finite Element Analysis of Rate- and State-Dependent Frictional Contact Behavior S. Ozaki 547 Effect of Specimen Width on the Contact State between the Three-Point Bending Specimen and Supports in Hopkinson Bar C.H. GuoandR.T.Liu 553 Effect of Crack on Interfacial Stresses of RC Beam Strengthened with CFRP Y.C. Guo, H.L. Huang, L.J. Li, J. Deng and G.Q. Zhong 559 The Effect of Thermal Prestress on the Deformation of Micromirror Chip Embedded with Through-Silicon Vias M.K. Yeh and C.L. Lu 563 Seismic Response Evaluation ofrc Tower Connected to Short Rigid Buildings F. Hejazi, M.S. Dalili, J. Noorzaei, M.S. Jaafar, A.A.A. Abdullah and W.A. Thanoon 569 Strength Properties of Cellulose Nanofiber Green Composites H. Takagi 576 A Computational Study of the Overload Characteristic Curves of Projectile Penetrating Concrete Q. Deng, Y.L. Li, Q.J. Yu, T. Suo and P. Xue 582 Influence of the Rise Time and Decay Time of Stress Wave on Spalling Process of Rock-Like Material Q.Y. Chen, Y.J. Zuo, C.A. Tang and S.C. Li 587 Influence of Heat Treatment on Characteristic Behavior of Co-Based Alloy Hardfacing Coatings Deposited by Plasma Transferred Arc Welding H.X. Deng, H.J. Shi, S. Tsuruoka, H.C. Yu and B. Zhong 593

7 xiv Fracture and Strength of Solids VII Numerical Simulation of Reflective Crack Forming in Semi-Rigid Asphalt Pavement Subjected to Traffic Load X. Yuand Y.F. Du 599 Large Scale Elasto-Plastic Analysis Using Domain Decomposition Method Optimized for Multi- Core CPU Architecture H. Kawai, M. Ogino, R. Shioya and S. Yoshimura 605 Prediction of Safety Factor for Slope Designed with Various Limit Equilibrium Methods T. Mohamed, A. Kasa and M.R. Taha 611 Mixed Mode Partition in one Dimensional Fractures S. Wang and C. Harvey 616 Thermal Stress and Thermal Cycling Analyses of Microgyroscope Chip Models M.K. Yeh and C.L. Lu 622 Parallel Eigen Frequency Analysis Using Enriched Free Mesh Method Y. Kobayashi, R. Shioya and G. Yagawa 628 Experimental Determination of Fatigue Life of Automotive Jounce Bumper R.S. Sidhu, A, Ali and M.R. Hassan 634 Analytical Solution for Pin-Supported Metal Foam Core Sandwich Beam with Local Denting Q.H. Qin, J.X. Zhang, T. Wang and T.J. Wang 639 Effects of AljOj-13% Ti02 Coating Particle Size on Commercial Mild Steel via Plasma Spray Method N. Hassanuddin, MJ. Ghazali, A. Muchtar, M.C. Isa and A.R. Daud 645 Elastic-Plastic Analysis of Surface Crack in Round Bars under Torsion A.E. Ismail, AX. Ariffin, S. Abdullah, M.J. Ghazali and R. Daud 651 The Study on Fatigue Crack Propagation in Metal Using Finite Element Analysis K.A. Zakaria, S. Abdullah and MJ. Ghazali 657 Fatigue Failure Analysis Using the Theory of Critical Distance R. Daud, AX Ariffin, S. Abdullah and A.E. Ismail 663 Solution for Geometrically Non-Linear Elastic Deformation of Simple Frames by a Shooting Method S.R. LiandY.D. Hu 668 The Influence of Torsionai-Rigidity Bounds for Composite Shafts with Specific Cross-Sections I.T. Chan, T.Y, Chen and M.S. Chiu A Novel Approach to Determine the Elastic Properties of the Interphase between the Aggregate and the Cement Paste H.C. Qu and P. Zhang 680 Data Fusion of Probabilistic Full-Field Measurements for Material Characterization J.W. Pan, J.Q. Cheng and T. Furukawa 686 Effect of Plasma Spray Variables on Cu-Ni Coated A7075 S.E.M. Kamal, MJ. Ghazali and S. Abdullah 692 Failure of Composites with Discontinuous Fabric Preform under Bending T.T. Do and D.J. Lee 698 Numerical Simulation and Experimentation of Warm Metal Powder Compaction Process M.M. Rahman, F. Tarlochan, S. Ramesh, A.K. Ariffin and S.S.M. Nor 704 Phase Field Simulation of Ferroelectrics with Cracks X.F. Zhao and A.K. Soh 710 Cracking of NiTi Thin Films Deposited on Cu Substrate Y.I-I. Li, F.L. Meng, W.T. Zheng and Y.M. Wang 716 Dynamic Response of Metallic Square Honeycomb Sandwich Plate Subjected to Blast Loading T. Wang, Q.H. Qin and T.J. Wang 720 Mechanics of Composite Delamination under Fiexural Loading S.S.R. Koloor, A. Abdul-Latif and M.N. Tamin 726

8 Key Engineering Materials Vols xv Research ofsurface Deformation with Metro Double Tunnels Construction and the Relative Position Change Y.K. Wu and W.Feng 732 Effect of Sandblasting and Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment on Surface Roughness, Wettability, and Microhardness Distribution of AISI316L B. Arifviatito, S. Suyitno and M. Mahardika 738 Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Behavior of Moso Bamboo Vascular Bundles H.B. Li and S.P. Shen 744 Surface Modification of Pure Titanium by Nitrogen Ion Implantation at Different Beam Energy and Dose N. AH, H. Samekto, M.I. Ghazali and M. Ridha 750 Evaluation of Plastic Deformation and Fracture Behaviors by Thermal Image Technique H. Sakamoto, J. Shi, Y. Ohbuchi and M. Yamamoto 756 Numerical Application in Weight Reduction of Lateral Plate of Rescue Robot L.J. Young 762 Strength and Fracture Characteristics of SUS304/AL-A)loy Scarf Adhesive Joint with Various Adhesive Thicknesses M. Afendi, T. Teramoto and A. Matsuda 768 Damage Analysis and Simulation of Rock under High Pressure Waterjet H. Si, X.H. Li and Y.M. Xie 774 Simulation of a Bio-Adhesion System with Viscoelasticity M.M. Tang and A.K. Soh 780