Chemistry I. Final Examination Reference Materials

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Franklin Rudolph Long
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1 Chemistry I Final Examination Reference Materials DO NOT WRITE IN THIS BOOKLET Chemistry I: final Exam REFERENCE 2013 April 13

2 Miscellaneous 1 mole = 6.02 x representative particles 1 mole = 22.4 liters (gas at STP) 1 mole = molar mass experimental value-accepted value % Error 100 accepted value actual mass of product % yield 100 predicted mass of product Celsius = Kelvin 1 atm = 760 mmhg = 760 torr = kpa = 14.7 psi 1 Liter = 1000 milliliters 1 milliliter = 1 cm 3 #g #mol = mm #L #ml 1000 # g # kg 1000 Equivalent Units of Standard Pressure: 1 atmosphere (atm) 14.7 lbs/ in kpa 760 mm of Hg 760 Torr millibars inches of Hg meters of Hg 76 cm of Hg Chemistry I: final Exam REFERENCE revised April 13

3 Gas Laws T T P P 1 2 P grt P nrt MW P P 1 2 T T d n n Pmm RT R R a b mw mw b a Selected Universal Gas Constants (R): alues of R Units P T n L atm K mol ml atm K mol L mmhg K mol ml mmhg K mol L Torr K mol Chemistry I: final Exam REFERENCE revised April 13

4 apor Pressure of Water at arious Temperatures Temp Pressure ( o C) mm Hg atm kpa Chemistry I: final Exam REFERENCE revised April 13

5 Solutions Percent Concentration by mass #g solute % solute 100% #g solution #g solvent % solute 100% #g solution + #g solvent Molarity M mol. solute L solution M #g mm L solution Molality mol.(solute) m kg(solvent) #g mm m kg(solvent) Henry s Law C P CC C PP P Freezing point & boiling point for water o 1.86 C T (m) #particles f 1 m o C T (m) (# particles) b 1 m fp fp T bp bp T new orginal f new orginal b ph & poh ph log H + ph H 10 ph poh=14 H OH poh - - poh logoh OH 10 Titration: Stoichiometric approach: (#H s)(m acid )(volume acid ) = (#OH s)(m base )(volume base ) Chemistry I: final Exam REFERENCE revised April 13

6 Rules for assigning oxidation numbers The algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers of ALL of the atoms in a compound MUST equal zero. 2. An uncombined element (free element) has an oxidation number of zero (0). 3. A monatomic ion has an oxidation number equal to its charge. 4. Fluorine s oxidation number is 1 in all compounds. 5. Oxygen has an oxidation number of 2 in all compounds. 6. Hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 except when combined with metals. 7. All Group 1 elements will have a +1 oxidation number. All Group 2 elements have a oxidation number. Aluminum will always be. 8. Second element in a binary compound is assigned the oxidation number it would have if it were an ion. 9. The algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers of ALL atoms in a polyatomic ion is equal to the charge of the ion. Chemistry I: final Exam REFERENCE revised April 13

7 Table G Solubility Curves at Standard Pressure KI NaNO KNO Solubility (g solute/100. g H 2 O) HCl NH 4 Cl KCl KClO 3 NaCl NH SO Temperature ( C) Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry 2011 Edition 3

8 The Modern Periodic Table of the Elements 1 Key 18 1 ±1 H Hydrogen Atomic number 6 Symbol C Carbon }Combining capacity He Helium Li Lithium B e Beryllium Atomic mass* 5 B Boron C Carbon Ð3 N Nitrogen Ð2 O Oxygen Ð1 F Fluorine Ne Neon Na Sodium Mg Magnesium *Based on C 12 = Al Aluminum Si Silicon Ð3 P Phosphorus Ð2 S +6 Sulphur Ð1 Cl Chlorine Ar Argon K Potassium Ca Calcium Sc Scandium Ti Titanium anadium Cr +6 Chromium Mn Manganese Fe Iron Co Cobalt Ni Nickel C u Copper Zn Zinc G a Gallium G e Germanium Ð3 As Arsenic Ð2 Se +6 Selenium Ð1 Br Bromine Kr Krypton R b Rubidium Sr Strontium Y Yttrium Zr Zirconium Nb Niobium Mo Molybdenum Tc Technetium (99) 44 R u Ruthenium Rh Rhodium Pd Palladium Ag Silver Cd Cadmium In Indium Sn Tin Ð3 Sb Antimony Ð2 Te +6 Tellurium Ð1 I Iodine Xe Xenon Cs Cesium Ba Barium La Lanthanum Hf Hafnium Ta Tantalum W Tungsten R e Rhenium O s Osmium Ir Iridium Pt Platinum Au Gold Hg Mercury Tl Thallium Pb Lead Ð3 Bi Bismuth ±2 Po Polonium (209) 85 Ð1 At Astatine (210) 86 Rn Radon (222) Fr Francium (223) Ra Radium (226) Ac Actinium (227) LANTHANIDE SERIES 58 C e Cerium Pr Praseodymium Nd Neodymium Pm Promethium (145) 62 Sm Samarium E u Europium G d Gadolinium Tb Terbium Dy Dysprosium Ho Holmium Er Erbium Ð2 Ð3 Tm Thulium Ð2 Ð3 Yb Ytterbium Ð3 L u Lutetium ACTINIDE SERIES Masses in parentheses are the mass numbers of the most stable isotope. 90 Th Thorium Pa Protactinium (231) 92 U +6 Uranium Np +6 Neptunium (244) 94 Pu +6 Plutonium (244) 95 Am +6 Americium (243) 96 Cm Curium (247) 97 Bk Berkelium (247) 98 Cf Californium (251) 99 Es Einsteinium (252) 100 Fm Fermium (257) 101 Md Mendelevium (258) 102 No Nobelium (259) 103 Lr Lawrencium (260)

This resource contains three different versions of the periodic table, including a blank one for colouring!

Teaching notes This resource contains three different versions of the periodic table, including a blank one for colouring! It also contains tables of the Group 0, 1 and 7 elements with a few columns for