Polypropylene or polypropene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer, made from the monomer propylene (propene):

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Polypropylene or polypropene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer, made from the monomer propylene (propene):"

Transcription

1 Polypropylene (PP) Technical University of Gabrovo Milena Koleva General General Polypropylene or polypropene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer, made from the monomer propylene (propene): Its molecular mass varies within the range. Polypropylene is produced using the stereo specific polymerization method, at low pressure, in the presence of Ziegler Natta catalysts. The proper choice of catalyst can produce isotactic, syndiotactic or atactic polypropylene, or a combination of these. Most commercially available polypropylene is made with titanium chloride catalysts, which produce mostly isotactic polypropylene. With the methyl group consistently on one side, such molecules tend to coil into a helical shape; these helices then line up next to one another to form the crystals that give commercial polypropylene its strength. More precisely metallocene catalysts offer a much greater level of control. These catalysts use organic groups to control the monomers being added. In addition to this qualitative control, they allow better quantitative control, with a much greater ratio of the desired tacticity than Ziegler Natta techniques. They also produce higher molecular weights than traditional catalysts, which can further improve properties. Production methods A rubbery PP can also be made by a specialized synthesis process. To produce it, a catalyst can be made, which yields isotactic polypropylene, but with the organic groups that influence tacticity held in place by a relatively weak bond. After the catalyst has produced a short length of polymer which is capable of crystallization, light of the proper frequency is used to break this weak bond, and remove the selectivity of the catalyst, so that the remaining length of the chain is atactic. The result is a mostly amorphous material with small crystals embedded in it. Since each chain has one end in a crystal but most of its length in the soft, amorphous bulk, the crystalline regions serve the same purpose as vulcanization. Unlike traditional rubber, rubbery PP can be melted and recycled, making it a thermoplastic elastomer. Polypropylene can have an isotactic structure (its methyl groups are located on one side of the chains), or a syndiotactic structure (the methyl groups are located alternatively on either side of the polymer chain) (Fig. 1). Atactic polymer has disorderly located methyl groups. Stereoblock polymer has both isotactic and tactic segments. The commercial polymer is most often a mixture of polymers having Structure Polypropylene 1

2 different structures, the ratio of which depends on the conditions of the polymerization process. Isotactic polypropylene with a minimum content of atactic fraction (5 20%) is the most valuable for practical purposes. Fig.1. Segments of polypropylene with isotactic (above) and syndiotactic (below) tacticity. During processing (75 80 C) isotactic polypropylene crystallizes, which adds a number of valuable properties to the product. Properties Polypropylene has an intermediate level of crystallinity between that of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and high density polyethylene (HDPE). Although it is less tough than HDPE and less flexible than LDPE, it is much more brittle than HDPE. Its tensile behaviour is more dependent on load speed and temperature than that of polyethylene the lower the tensile speed, the higher the values of its mechanical characteristics. Its Young s modulus is intermediate between that of low density polyethylene and high density polyethylene. Physical and mechanical properties Polypropylene is rugged, often somewhat stiffer than some other plastics. It has very good resistance to fatigue. Table 1. Physical properties of polypropylene. Physical Properties Density g/cm 3 Water Absorption % Moisture Absorption at Equilibrium 0.1 % Environmental Stress Crack Resistance Melt Flow Linear Mould Shrinkage 1000 hours g/10 min > cm/cm Polypropylene has considerably better physical and mechanical properties than polyethylene. Its tensile behavior depends to a great extent on the load speed and temperature. Its typical mechanical properties are given in Table 2. Polypropylene 2

3 Table 2. Typical mechanical properties of polypropylene Mechanical Properties Hardness, Rockwell M Tensile Strength, Ultimate MPa Elongation at Break % Modulus of Elasticity GPa Izod Impact, Notched kj/m 2 Charpy Impact Unnotched 8 28 kj/m 2 Tensile Creep Modulus, 1 hour Tensile Creep Modulus, 1000 hours MPa MPa Polypropylene has higher melting and destruction points than polyethylene. It is also more heat resistant, which determines the wider temperature range in which it can be used up to C. However, it is less cold resistant than polyethylene. Products made of polypropylene withstand heat treatment above the boiling point; therefore they can be sterilized without any effect on their shape or mechanical properties. Thermal characteristics The brittleness temperature of polypropylene (and its cold resistance, respectively) is 5 15 C. The main thermal properties of polypropylene are presented in Table 3. Table 3. Thermal properties of polypropylene Thermal Properties CTE, linear 20 C Specific Heat Capacity Thermal Conductivity μm/m. C 2 J/g. C W/m.K Maximum Service Temperature, Air C Melting Point C Vicat Softening Point C Glass Temperature C Oxygen Index 18 % The electrical characteristics of polypropylene are presented in Table 4. Electrical Properties Polypropylene 3

4 Table 4. Elecrtical characteristics of polypropylene Electrical Properties Electrical Resistivity Surface Resistance Ω.cm Ω Dielectric Constant Dielectric Constant, Low Frequency 2.3 Dielectric Strength kv/mm Dissipation Factor Dissipation Factor, Low Frequency Arc Resistance 136 s Comparative Tracking Index 600 V Polypropylene is a chemically resistant material. It is only strong oxidants, such as chlorosulphuric acid, concentrated nitric and sulphuric acids, which have a significant effect on its properties. Continued contact with these at a temperature above 60 C results in destruction of polypropylene. Chemical Resistance At room temperature polypropylene swells slightly in organic solvents. At temperatures above 100 C it dissolves in aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene). It has good water resistance even after a continuous contact with water for a period of 6 months at room temperature its water absorbing capacity is only 0.5%, and at а temperature of 60 C not more than 2%. Due to the presence of tertiary carbon atoms in its chain, polypropylene is sensitive to the action of oxygen, especially at higher temperatures. As a result it has a far more marked tendency to ageing than polyethylene the process develops rapidly, with sharp deterioration of its mechanical properties. Therefore stabilization of polypropylene is necessary before it is processed into finished products. Compared to polyethylene, polypropylene is less susceptible to cracking under the combined action of external loads and corrosive environment. Polypropylene offers ease of processing with excellent chemical resistance and good mechanical properties. It is commonly processed using conventional methods, such as injection moulding, extrusion, blow moulding, thermoforming, vacuum moulding, and rotational moulding. Polypropylene can be subjected to drilling, turning and welding. It can also be used in the form of filled or reinforced compositions. Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene has improved dimensional stability, resistance to warpage, rigidity and strength. Heat deflection temperature at 264 psi is increased up to 300 F (149 C) for 40% glass fiber reinforced polypropylene. Polypropyleneʹs coefficient of thermal expansion is cut in half with 40% glass reinforcement. Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene, when utilizing a chemical coupling agent, has significantly improved tensile and flexural strengths over regular glass reinforced polypropylene. Polypropylene with 30% chemicallycoupled glass reinforcement has a 180% improvement in tensile strength over the non reinforced polypropylene and a 50% improvement over conventional glassreinforced grades. Processing properties Polypropylene 4

5 Overall, chemically bonded polypropylene has improved strength characteristics without altering the moduli, heat resistance, electrical properties, or hardness. Talc filled polypropylenes have improved rigidity, hardness, and heat resistance compared to the base resin. The major processing properties are presented in Table 4. Table 4. Processing characteristics of polypropylene Processing Properties Processing Temperature C Rear Barrel Temperature 220 C Middle Barrel Temperature 220 C Front Barrel Temperature 220 C Nozzle Temperature 220 C Mould Temperature C Drying Temperature 82 C Typical injection moulding conditions for glass fibers filled PP compounds are listed in Table 5. Table 5. Typical injection moulding conditions for polypropylene. Typical Injection Moulding Conditions Temperatures Rear zone C Centre zone C Front zone C Melt C Mould Temperature C Pressures Injection Hold Back Fill Screw MPa MPa MPa mm/s rpm Polypropylene 5

6 Application The recommended minimum draft angle is 0.7. If smaller draft angles are used, it is necessary to use wide ejection surfaces. The gas removing channels should be low, depending on polypropylene type from 0.01 to 0.02 mm. The low density, good strength characteristics, lack of physiological risks and possibility of sterilization make polypropylene suitable for production of medical items, for packages of food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products, household articles, toys, etc. Many plastic items for medical or laboratory use can be made from polypropylene which is autoclavable. Food containers made from it will not melt in the dishwasher, and do not melt during industrial hot filling processes. For this reason, most plastic tubs for dairy products are polypropylene sealed with aluminum foil (both heat resistant materials). Plastic pails, car batteries, wastebaskets, cooler containers, dishes and pitchers are often made of polypropylene or HDPE, both of which commonly have rather similar appearance, feel, and properties at ambient temperature. Polypropylene is also used for production of tubes, fittings, parts for the chemical and electrical engineering sectors, fibres. It can be metallized. * The ranges given in the tables indicate the minimum and the maximum value of the respective property, found experimentally and published for the different brands and types of the polymer. Trade names Hostalen PP (Basell, NL) Marlex ( Chevron Phillips Chemicals, USA) Moplen (Basell, NL) Ultralen ( Lonza Werke, DE) References 1. Harper, Charles A., Edward M. Petrie. Plastics Materials and Processes, John Wiley & Sons, Stevens, M.P. Polymer Chemistry: An Introduction. Oxford University Press, White, J. L., D. D. Ghoi. Polyolefins: Processing, Structure Development and Properties, Hanser Gardner Publications, Chabot, J. F., The Development of Plastics Processing Machinery and Methods, John Wiley & Sons, Järvelä P. et al., Ruiskuvalu, Plastdata Polypropylene 6

Contents. Definition Structure Manufacturing Proses Applications Properties Recycling

Contents. Definition Structure Manufacturing Proses Applications Properties Recycling Contents Definition Structure Manufacturing Proses Applications Properties Recycling Definition Poly(propylene) (PP) is a recyclable thermoplastic addition polymer made from the combination of propylene

More information

DuPont Hytrel. Hytrel Product Information. thermoplastic polyester elastomer. plastics.dupont.com

DuPont Hytrel. Hytrel Product Information. thermoplastic polyester elastomer. plastics.dupont.com DuPont Hytrel thermoplastic polyester elastomer is a high modulus grade with nominal hardness of 72D. It contains non-discoloring stabilizer. It can be processed by many conventional thermoplastic processing

More information

BFF1113 Engineering Materials DR. NOOR MAZNI ISMAIL FACULTY OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING

BFF1113 Engineering Materials DR. NOOR MAZNI ISMAIL FACULTY OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING BFF1113 Engineering Materials DR. NOOR MAZNI ISMAIL FACULTY OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING Course Guidelines: 1. Introduction to Engineering Materials 2. Bonding and Properties 3. Crystal Structures & Properties

More information

Commercial: Active Africa & Middle East Asia Pacific. RoHS Compliant Beige Pellets Extrusion Blow Molding Fiber (Spinning) Extrusion Film Extrusion

Commercial: Active Africa & Middle East Asia Pacific. RoHS Compliant Beige Pellets Extrusion Blow Molding Fiber (Spinning) Extrusion Film Extrusion Technical Data Sheet AvaSpire AV-621 is an unreinforced (PAEK) that offers improved ductility and impact strength relative to PEEK while retaining most of the key performance attributes of PEEK. The AV-621

More information

Commercial: Active Africa & Middle East Asia Pacific. RoHS Compliant Beige Pellets Extrusion Blow Molding Fiber (Spinning) Extrusion Film Extrusion

Commercial: Active Africa & Middle East Asia Pacific. RoHS Compliant Beige Pellets Extrusion Blow Molding Fiber (Spinning) Extrusion Film Extrusion Technical Data Sheet AvaSpire AV-621 is an unreinforced (PAEK) that offers improved ductility and impact strength relative to PEEK while retaining most of the key performance attributes of PEEK. The AV-621

More information

Autoclave Sterilizable Biocompatible Ductile E-beam Sterilizable

Autoclave Sterilizable Biocompatible Ductile E-beam Sterilizable Technical Data Sheet KetaSpire KT-880 KetaSpire KT-880 is a high flow grade of unreinforced (PEEK) supplied in pellet form. KetaSpire PEEK is produced to the highest industry standards and is characterized

More information

RoHS Compliant Beige Pellets Extrusion Blow Molding Fiber (Spinning) Extrusion Film Extrusion

RoHS Compliant Beige Pellets Extrusion Blow Molding Fiber (Spinning) Extrusion Film Extrusion Technical Data polyaryletherketone AvaSpire AV-621 is an unreinforced polyaryletherketone (PAEK) that offers improved ductility and impact strength relative to PEEK while retaining most of the key performance

More information

BLOW MOULDING. Blow moulding is a process used to produce hollow objects from thermoplastic.

BLOW MOULDING. Blow moulding is a process used to produce hollow objects from thermoplastic. 1 BLOW MOULDING Blow moulding is a process used to produce hollow objects from thermoplastic. The basic blow moulding process has two fundamental phases. First, a parison (or a preform) of hot plastic

More information

VALOX Resin 451E Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL

VALOX Resin 451E Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL VALOX 451E is 20% glass reinforced, flame retardant PBT injection moulding resin. MECHANICAL Tensile Stress, yld, Type I, 5 mm/min 110 MPa ASTM D 638 Tensile Stress, brk, Type I, 5 mm/min 110 MPa ASTM

More information

Stress-Strain Behavior

Stress-Strain Behavior 15-1 CHAPTER 15 CHARACTERISTICS, APPLICATIONS, AND PROCESSING OF POLYMERS PROBLEM SOLUTIONS Stress-Strain Behavior which is 15.1 From Figure 15.3, the elastic modulus is the slope in the elastic linear

More information

LEXAN Resin 121R Asia Pacific: COMMERCIAL

LEXAN Resin 121R Asia Pacific: COMMERCIAL Nonhalogenated. 17.5 MFR, for small, intricate parts. Internal mold release. MECHANICAL Tensile Stress, yld, Type I, 50 mm/min 62 MPa ASTM D 638 Tensile Stress, brk, Type I, 50 mm/min 68 MPa ASTM D 638

More information

Riteflex thermoplastic polyester elastomer Short Term Properties Brochure Riteflex

Riteflex thermoplastic polyester elastomer Short Term Properties Brochure Riteflex Riteflex thermoplastic polyester elastomer Short Term Properties Brochure Thermoplastic polyester elastomer Riteflex Thermoplastic polyester elastomer RF-4 Ticona A business of Celanese AG Riteflex Thermoplastic

More information

SABIC PC Resin PC0703R Asia Pacific: COMMERCIAL

SABIC PC Resin PC0703R Asia Pacific: COMMERCIAL PC0703R resin is a low flow (MFR = 7 at 300?C/1.2kg), heat and UV stabilized, polycarbonate product with mold release designed for use in the extrusion market. It is available exclusively at www.sabicpc.com

More information

Ultraform (POM) AT Product Range

Ultraform (POM) AT Product Range Ultraform (POM) AT Product Range Ultraform AT (POM) Ultraform is the trade name for the range of thermoplastic polyoxymethylene copolymers from BASF. Products from the new plant in Korea are identified

More information

Introduction: Standard Plastic Terminology Plastic Program Analysis and Development p. 1 Selecting the Design Team for Success p. 3 Using Checklists

Introduction: Standard Plastic Terminology Plastic Program Analysis and Development p. 1 Selecting the Design Team for Success p. 3 Using Checklists Preface p. xv Introduction: Standard Plastic Terminology p. xix Plastic Program Analysis and Development p. 1 Selecting the Design Team for Success p. 3 Using Checklists to Develop Product Requirements

More information

Valox* Resin 310SE0 Asia Pacific: COMMERCIAL

Valox* Resin 310SE0 Asia Pacific: COMMERCIAL VALOX 310SE0 is an unreinforced, flame retardant PBT injection moulding resin. Applications: electrical industry, bobbins, keyboard, switches and switch components and appliance housings. MECHANICAL Tensile

More information

Cycoloy* Resin C2950 Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL

Cycoloy* Resin C2950 Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL Non-chlorinated and non-brominated flame retardant PC/ABS offering balanced flow and impact plus improved heat resistance intended for various applications. MECHANICAL Taber Abrasion, CS-17, 1 kg 54 mg/1000cy

More information

DuPont Delrin. Delrin 111P NC010. Product Information. acetal resin. plastics.dupont.com

DuPont Delrin. Delrin 111P NC010. Product Information. acetal resin. plastics.dupont.com DuPont Delrin acetal resin Delrin 111P NC010 Delrin 111P is a high viscosity acetal homopolymer with improved thermal stability and modifications for more precise moulding (reduced warpage, fewer voids).

More information

Physical Dry Conditioned Unit Test method

Physical Dry Conditioned Unit Test method Technical Data Sheet Ixef 1022 is a 50% glass-fiber reinforced, general purpose compound that exhibits very high strength and rigidity, outstanding surface gloss, and excellent creep resistance. General

More information

Noryl* Resin GFN1630V Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL

Noryl* Resin GFN1630V Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL Noryl* GFN1630V Polyphenylene Oxide (PPO) + Polystyrene (PS) resin is a 30 % Glass Reinforced, injection moldable grade with improved hydrolytic stability; this grade has been developed for fluid engineering

More information

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) UTEC is the trade name of the Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) developed and produced by Braskem with its own catalyst and production

More information

Lexan* Resin 241R Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL

Lexan* Resin 241R Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL LEXAN 241R is a medium viscosity multi purpose grade and contains a release agent to ensure easy processing. This grade is UL94-V2 at 0.8 mm approved. MECHANICAL Taber Abrasion, CS-17, 1 kg 10 mg/1000cy

More information

Chapter 14 Polymers CHAPTER 7 POLYMERIC MATERIALS. Ancient Polymer History. Rubber balls used by Incas Noah used pitch (a natural polymer) for the ark

Chapter 14 Polymers CHAPTER 7 POLYMERIC MATERIALS. Ancient Polymer History. Rubber balls used by Incas Noah used pitch (a natural polymer) for the ark Chapter 14 Polymers What is a polymer? Polymers are organic materials made of very large molecules containing hundreds of thousands of unit molecules called mers linked in a chain-like structure (repeated

More information

Commercial: Active Africa & Middle East Asia Pacific

Commercial: Active Africa & Middle East Asia Pacific Technical Data Sheet AvaSpire AV-651 is an unreinforced (PAEK) that offers more ductility and impact strength than PEEK, with higher chemical and environmental stress cracking resistance than AvaSpire

More information

SABIC Innovative Plastics Valox 412 PBT (Europe-Africa-Middle East)

SABIC Innovative Plastics Valox 412 PBT (Europe-Africa-Middle East) SABIC Innovative Plastics Valox 412 PBT (Europe-Africa-Middle East) Category : Polymer, Thermoplastic, Polyester, TP, Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) Material Notes: www.lookpolymers.com email : sales@lookpolymers.com

More information

KetaSpire KT-820 GF30

KetaSpire KT-820 GF30 Technical Data polyetheretherketone KetaSpire KT-820 GF30 is a medium flow, 30% glass fiber reinforced grade of polyetheretherketone (PEEK). This resin offers higher strength and stiffness properties relative

More information

TI Typical HDPE raw material and pipe test methods EDITION 0607 PAGE 1/10

TI Typical HDPE raw material and pipe test methods EDITION 0607 PAGE 1/10 PAGE 1/10 Typical HDPE raw material and pipe test methods We hereby want to provide an overview of the most common test methods Index Tests Page Density 2/10 Melt Index 2/10 Tensile Properties 3/10 Flexural

More information

ERTALON Extruded Products

ERTALON Extruded Products ERTALON Extruded Products Polyamides (PA) Main Characteristics: High mechanical strength, stiffness, hardness and toughness Excellent resilience High mechanical damping ability Good sliding properties

More information

PBT AND ITS ADVANTAGES

PBT AND ITS ADVANTAGES AND ITS ADVANTAGES Polybutylene terephthalates () are semi-crystalline engineering plastic materials with outstanding properties. The product range covers from high impact with very low stiffness to highly

More information

A partner in innovation: Diverse Manufacturing Capabilities

A partner in innovation: Diverse Manufacturing Capabilities A partner in innovation: Diverse Manufacturing Capabilities - Silicone Compounding (HCR, LSR) o Silicone properties and performance can be optimized for specific applications whether an extruded or molded

More information

Random, Block, Graft copolymers Random copolymer from two different monomers --- See the following. Cop[olymer Eq: Finemann Ross Eq

Random, Block, Graft copolymers Random copolymer from two different monomers --- See the following. Cop[olymer Eq: Finemann Ross Eq 1.4 Copolymer Random, Block, Graft copolymers Random copolymer from two different monomers --- See the following. Cop[olymer Eq: Finemann Ross Eq The above is for an instantaneous composition and changes

More information

Commercial: Active Africa & Middle East Asia Pacific Glass Fiber, 50% Filler by Weight Flame Retardant. Physical Typical Value Unit Test method

Commercial: Active Africa & Middle East Asia Pacific Glass Fiber, 50% Filler by Weight Flame Retardant. Physical Typical Value Unit Test method Technical Data Sheet Ixef 1521 Ixef 1521 is a 50% glass-fiber reinforced, flame retardant which exhibits high strength and stiffness, outstanding surface gloss, and excellent creep resistance. Custom Colorable

More information

Lexan* Resin 500ECR Americas: COMMERCIAL

Lexan* Resin 500ECR Americas: COMMERCIAL Lexan* 500ECR Polycarbonate (PC) resin is a 10% glass fiber filled, injection moldable grade. It is of non-chlorinated & non-brominated flame retardant systems with UL-94 V0 rating at 2.3mm. It is available

More information

LGF reinforced compounds Safe under extreme loads

LGF reinforced compounds Safe under extreme loads LGF reinforced compounds Safe under extreme loads AKRO-PLASTIC GmbH Member of the Feddersen Group LGF reinforced compounds Typical values for al color material 23 C Test specification Test method Unit

More information

Cycoloy* Resin C2800 Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL

Cycoloy* Resin C2800 Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL Non-chlorinated and non-brominated flame retardant PC+ABS offering balanced flow and impact properties for various applications. MECHANICAL Taber Abrasion, CS-17, 1 kg 72 mg/1000cy SABIC Method Tensile

More information

Noryl* Resin SE1GFN1 Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL

Noryl* Resin SE1GFN1 Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL Noryl* SE1GFN1 is a 10% glass reinforced, injection moldable modified polyphenylene ether resin. Designed for improved dimensional stability and good flow, this resin also uses non-chlorinated, non-brominated

More information

Chapter 15 Part 2. Mechanical Behavior of Polymers. Deformation Mechanisms. Mechanical Behavior of Thermoplastics. Properties of Polymers

Chapter 15 Part 2. Mechanical Behavior of Polymers. Deformation Mechanisms. Mechanical Behavior of Thermoplastics. Properties of Polymers Mechanical Behavior of Polymers Chapter 15 Part 2 Properties of Polymers Wide range of behaviors Elastic-Brittle (Curve A) Thermosets and thermoplastics Elastic-Plastic (Curve B) Thermoplastics Extended

More information

Marlex Polyethylene Resins

Marlex Polyethylene Resins Marlex Polyethylene Resins Disclaimer Technical Advice - Any technical advice, recommendations, results, or analysis ("Information") contained herein, including, without limitation, Information as it may

More information

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Characteristics.... High impact strength Low coefficient of friction High abrasion resistance Chemical resistance injection blow extrusion UHMWPE H = 100~

More information

Valox* Resin 357X Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL

Valox* Resin 357X Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL VALOX 357X is an impact modified, flame retarted PBT+PC blend. Applications like bobbins, switches and enclosures. MECHANICAL Taber Abrasion, CS-17, 1 kg 33 mg/1000cy SABIC Method Tensile Stress, yield,

More information

LEXAN Resin LS2 Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL

LEXAN Resin LS2 Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL LEXAN LS2 is a medium viscosity grade especially designed for applications with high optical requirements in terms of clarity and light transmission. MECHANICAL Taber Abrasion, CS-17, 1 kg 10 mg/1000cy

More information

Material Properties of Injection Molded Glass and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites A Review

Material Properties of Injection Molded Glass and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites A Review Material Properties of Injection Molded Glass and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites A Review SPE Automotive Composites Conference & Exhibition, Sept. 7-9 216 Mark Cieslinski, BASF - Advanced

More information

Chapter 10 Polymer Characteristics. Dr. Feras Fraige

Chapter 10 Polymer Characteristics. Dr. Feras Fraige Chapter 10 Polymer Characteristics Dr. Feras Fraige Stress Strain Behavior (I) The description of stress-strain behavior is similar to that of metals Polymers can be brittle (A), plastic (B), or highly

More information

Polymers. Historical Classification

Polymers. Historical Classification Polymers The term polymer implies many "mers" or the building blocks...similar to the unit cell in metals. A polymer is a chemical compound or mixture of compounds formed by a process called polymerization,

More information

Ultrason E, S, P (PESU, PSU, PPSU) Product Range

Ultrason E, S, P (PESU, PSU, PPSU) Product Range Ultrason E, S, P (PESU, PSU, PPSU) Product Range Ultrason (PESU / PSU / PPSU ) Ultrason E Polyethersulfone ( PESU ) Ultrason S Polysulfone ( PSU ) Ultrason P Polyphenylsulfone ( PPSU ) Ultrason products

More information

ASTM D256 Standard test methods for determining the izod pendulum impact resistance of plastics

ASTM D256 Standard test methods for determining the izod pendulum impact resistance of plastics IAS Accreditation Number Company Name Address Contact Name Telephone +91-80-40697707 Effective Date of Scope November 15, 2018 Accreditation Standard ISO/IEC 17025:2005 TL-385 Bangalore Research & Development

More information

Focus on: FEP. Fluoropolymers. FEP in the fluoropolymer family.

Focus on: FEP. Fluoropolymers. FEP in the fluoropolymer family. TECHNICAL WHITEPAPER ocus on: EP Introduction Continuing our series of looking at the members of the fluoropolymer family in detail, this month we focus on EP (fluoroethylene-propylene). EP is a copolymer

More information

Synthetic Petroleum-Based Polymers

Synthetic Petroleum-Based Polymers Synthetic Petroleum-Based Polymers INTRODUCTION The synthetic polymer industry represents the major end use of many petrochemical monomers such as ethylene, styrene, and vinyl chloride. Synthetic polymers

More information

Lexan* Resin EXL9112 Americas: COMMERCIAL

Lexan* Resin EXL9112 Americas: COMMERCIAL Opaque PC-Siloxane copolymer with excellent processability. Improved flow, low temp. ductility. Non-chlorinated, non-brominated flame retardant product. UL rated V-0/5VA. MECHANICAL Tensile Stress, yld,

More information

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRIVORY GV-5H NATURAL

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRIVORY GV-5H NATURAL TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRIVORY GV-5H NATURAL Product description Grivory GV-5H natural is a 50% glass-fibre reinforced engineering thermoplastic material based on a combination of semicrystalline Polyamide

More information

EGN 3365 Review on Metals, Ceramics, & Polymers, and Composites by Zhe Cheng

EGN 3365 Review on Metals, Ceramics, & Polymers, and Composites by Zhe Cheng EGN 3365 Review on Metals, Ceramics, & Polymers, and Composites 2017 by Zhe Cheng Expectations on Chapter 11 Chapter 11 Understand metals are generally categorized as ferrous alloys and non-ferrous alloys

More information

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRIVORY HTV-4X1 NATURAL

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRIVORY HTV-4X1 NATURAL TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRIVORY HTV-4X1 NATURAL Product description Grivory HTV-4X1 natural is a 40% glass-fibre reinforced engineering thermoplastic material based on a semi-crystalline, partially aromatic

More information

Ixef Technical Data. polyarylamide

Ixef Technical Data. polyarylamide Technical Data Ixef 1022 polyarylamide Ixef 1022 is a 50% glass-fiber reinforced, general purpose polyarylamide compound which exhibits very high strength and rigidity, outstanding surface gloss, and excellent

More information

High Modulus Carbon Fibres in Super-Structural Compounds

High Modulus Carbon Fibres in Super-Structural Compounds High Modulus Carbon Fibres in Super-Structural Compounds As a matter of fact, even if composite properties guarantee the best answer to the most severe project requirements, many industrial products can

More information

Chapter 15: Characteristics, Applications & Processing of Polymers

Chapter 15: Characteristics, Applications & Processing of Polymers Chapter 15: Characteristics, Applications & Processing of Polymers ISSUES TO ADDRESS... What are the tensile properties of polymers and how are they affected by basic microstructural features? Hardening,

More information

ENTEC POLYMERS 1900 Summit Tower Blvd., Suite 900 Orlando, FL P: EntecPolymers.com

ENTEC POLYMERS 1900 Summit Tower Blvd., Suite 900 Orlando, FL P: EntecPolymers.com POLYETHYLENE 101 1/22/2019 The information presented in this document was assembled from literature of the resin product producer(s). The information is believed to be accurate however Entec Polymers (

More information

Captains Tryouts Materials Science. Written by Araneesh Pratap (Chattahoochee High School GA)

Captains Tryouts Materials Science. Written by Araneesh Pratap (Chattahoochee High School GA) Captains Tryouts 2017-2018 Materials Science Written by Araneesh Pratap (Chattahoochee High School GA) Instructions: 1. Write all answers on the Answer Sheet. Do not write on this Test Packet. 2. This

More information

Amodel AS-1133 HS. polyphthalamide. Technical Data Sheet

Amodel AS-1133 HS. polyphthalamide. Technical Data Sheet Technical Data Sheet Amodel AS-1133 HS Amodel AS-1133 HS is a 33% glass reinforced, heat stabilized (PPA) resin that provides excellent structural integrity in molded parts, even those with wall thicknesses

More information

A3XZG5. Product Information Ultramid 11/2017 PA66-I GF25 FR(52) BASF SE Ludwigshafen, Germany

A3XZG5. Product Information Ultramid 11/2017 PA66-I GF25 FR(52) BASF SE Ludwigshafen, Germany Product Information Ultramid A3XZG5 11/2017 PA66-I GF25 FR(52) Product description An impact-modified, glass fibre reinforced injection moulding grade with improved flame retardance based on red phosphorus;

More information

BAYBLEND T45, T65, and T85

BAYBLEND T45, T65, and T85 BAYBLEND T45, T65, and T85 Polycarbonate/ABS Blends General-Purpose Grades Product Information Description Bayblend T45, T65, and T85 resins are thermoplastic blends of Makrolon polycarbonate and Lustran

More information

5.1 Essentials of Polymer Composites

5.1 Essentials of Polymer Composites 5 Polymer Composites Polymer modification can follow from the mixing of two or more macromolecular compounds or their filling with reinforcing materials of inorganic or organic substances. It enables the

More information

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) UTEC is the trade name of the Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) developed and produced by Braskem with our own catalyst and production

More information

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON TSM-30

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON TSM-30 TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON TSM-0 Grilon TSM-0 is a heat stabilised, normal viscosity PA66 + PA6 injection moulding grade with 0% mineral. Grilon TSM-0 has the following important properties: Excellent

More information

NAN YA PET Engineering Plastics. High Rigidity.Heat Resistant.High Tensile Strength. Impact Resistant.Stability.High Moldability

NAN YA PET Engineering Plastics. High Rigidity.Heat Resistant.High Tensile Strength. Impact Resistant.Stability.High Moldability NAN YA PET Engineering Plastics High Rigidity.Heat Resistant.High Tensile Strength. Impact Resistant.Stability.High Moldability Introduction PET melting temperature is at 260. Besides being obtained through

More information

DuPont Rynite 545 NC010 (Preliminary Data)

DuPont Rynite 545 NC010 (Preliminary Data) PRODUCT INFORMATION DuPont Rynite 545 NC010 (Preliminary Data) Product Information Common features of Rynite thermoplastic polyester include mechanical and physical properties such as excellent balance

More information

Photo. Materials Testing for Manufacturers and Retailers

Photo. Materials Testing for Manufacturers and Retailers Photo Materials Testing for Manufacturers and Retailers UL helps you bring safe, high performance materials to the market while protecting your brand When end-product manufacturers are searching for materials

More information

TECHNYL A 218 V35 BLACK 21N

TECHNYL A 218 V35 BLACK 21N TECHNICAL DATA SHEET TECHNYL A 218 V35 Black 21N is a polyamide 66, reinforced with 35% of glass fibre, heat stabilized, for injection moulding. This grade offers an excellent combination between thermal

More information

OMEGA-GLYDE Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) PC)

OMEGA-GLYDE Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) PC) OMEGA-GLYDE Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) PC) Tel: (08) 9412 3999 17 Biscayne Way, JANDAKOT WA 6164 Email: polytech@acrifabmanufacturing.com.au www.polytech-plastics.com.au OMEGA-GLYDE Polytetrafluoroethylene

More information

Processing Guide CONTENTS

Processing Guide CONTENTS CONTENTS INTRODUCTION SAFETEY GUIDELINES EQUIPMENT PROCESSING o INJECTION MOLDING GENERAL CONDITIONS START UP MOLD FILLING DRYING REGRIND SHRINKAGE o DESIGN RUNNERS AND GATES VENTING MOLD SURFACES EJECTION

More information

How do we find ultimate properties?

How do we find ultimate properties? Introduction Why ultimate properties? For successful product design a knowledge of the behavior of the polymer is important Variation in properties over the entire range of operating conditions should

More information

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON AG-30 H

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON AG-30 H TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON AG-30 H BLACK 9836 Product description Grilon AG-30 H black 9836 is a normal viscosity, specially heat stabilised PA 66 injection moulding grade with 30% glass fibres. Grilon

More information

Crystallinity in Polymers. Polymers. Polymer Crystallinity. Outline. Crystallinity in Polymers. Introduction. % crystallinity 100

Crystallinity in Polymers. Polymers. Polymer Crystallinity. Outline. Crystallinity in Polymers. Introduction. % crystallinity 100 Outline Polymers Introduction Crystallinity Stress relaxation Advanced polymers - applications Crystallinity in Polymers Although it may at first seem surprising, polymers can form crystal structures (all

More information

DuPont Rynite 530 NC010

DuPont Rynite 530 NC010 PRODUCT INFORMATION Product Information Common features of Rynite thermoplastic polyester include mechanical and physical properties such as excellent balance of strength and stiffness, dimensional stability,

More information

Lexan* Resin DMX2415 Americas: COMMERCIAL

Lexan* Resin DMX2415 Americas: COMMERCIAL Lexan* DMX2415 is a polycarbonate resin with improved scratch resistance. Lexan* DMX2415 is available in transparent, translucent, and opaque colors. MECHANICAL Tensile Stress, yld, Type I, 50 mm/min 810

More information

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON AG-35

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON AG-35 TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON AG-35 Grilon AG-35 is a heat stabilised, normal viscosity PA 66 injection moulding grade with 35% glass fibres. High stiffness High tensile strength High heat distortion temperature

More information

Tubing Table of Contents. Coiled Tubing Straight Tubing Monofilament Tubing Accessories... 64

Tubing Table of Contents. Coiled Tubing Straight Tubing Monofilament Tubing Accessories... 64 Tubing Table of Contents Coiled Tubing......... 63 Straight Tubing........ 63 Monofilament......... 64 Tubing Accessories..... 64 62 Coiled Tubing......63 Straight Tubing.....63 Tubing Monofilament......64

More information

CELANEX 1600A PBT Unfilled

CELANEX 1600A PBT Unfilled Description Celanex 1600A is a high molecular weight grade of unreinforced polybutylene terephthalate used in both extrusion and injection molding applications. Physical properties Value Unit Test Standard

More information

CYCOLOY Resin XCY620 Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL

CYCOLOY Resin XCY620 Europe-Africa-Middle East: COMMERCIAL PC+ ABS Automotive applications, High Impact and High Flow, ductility at low temperature, excellent properties retention after Hydrolytic and Heat Aging MECHANICAL Tensile Stress, yld, Type I, 50 mm/min

More information

Tooling Block The Green Alternative

Tooling Block The Green Alternative Presented by Tim Blackmore Sales Manager - Advanced Engineering Materials Agenda. History Current Practices Trends & Initiatives Materials Potential savings Questions History. Patterns & moulds have been

More information

Acetal Copolymer(POM)

Acetal Copolymer(POM) POLISEN A Acetal Copolymer (POM) da Product Information POLISEN is a trademark POLISEN A Acetal Copolymer (POM) Description Acetal Copolymer (POM) is thermoplastic polymer, made by the polymerization of

More information

Makrolon. Product range Typical values

Makrolon. Product range Typical values Makrolon Product range Typical values Makrolon Makrolon is the brand name of our polycarbonate, which we produce in all the major economic regions of the world. For Makrolon, the most important economic

More information

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILAMID L 20 LF GREY

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILAMID L 20 LF GREY TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILAMID L 20 LF GREY General product description Grilamid L 20 LF grey is a medium viscosity graphite filled Polyamide 12 (PA12) grade suitable for both injection moulding and extrusion

More information

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON TS V0

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON TS V0 TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON TS V0 General product description Grilon TS V0 is an unreinforced, normal viscosity, self-extinguishing PA66 + PA6 injection moulding grade. Grilon TS V0 has the following important

More information

CYCOLOY Resin CX7240 Americas: COMMERCIAL

CYCOLOY Resin CX7240 Americas: COMMERCIAL CYCOLOY CX7240 resin is an injection moldable PC/ABS blend. It contains non-brominated and non-chlorinated flame retardant systems to meet UL-94 V0 at 0.75mm, V1 at 0.6mm, V2 at 0.2mm and 5VB at 1.5mm

More information

PROCESSING OF POLYMERS. Chapter 7

PROCESSING OF POLYMERS. Chapter 7 PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES (MANUFACTRING PROCESSES) ACADEMIC YEAR 94-95, SEMESTER ONE PROCESSING OF POLYMERS Chapter 7 Polymers: Structure, General Properties and Applications 1 Polymers Polymers and Plastics

More information

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON AZ 3

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON AZ 3 TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON AZ 3 General product description Grilon AZ 3 is a normal viscosity, high impact modified PA66 injection moulding grade. Grilon AZ 3 has the following important properties: Excellent

More information

The Performance of L-MODU TM for HMA Base Polymer Use

The Performance of L-MODU TM for HMA Base Polymer Use The Performance of L-MODU TM for HMA Base Polymer Use May. 217 Idemitsu Kosan Co.,Ltd. Performance Materials Laboratories Petrochemical Business Department 175-2 1 1.Introduction of L-MODU TM (1)New Polyolefin

More information

Chapter 15: Characteristics, Applications & Processing of Polymers

Chapter 15: Characteristics, Applications & Processing of Polymers Chapter 15: Characteristics, Applications & Processing of Polymers Study: 15.1-15.14 Read: 15.15-15.24 What are the tensile properties of polymers and how are they affected by basic microstructural features?

More information

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILAMID LV-3H

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILAMID LV-3H TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILAMID LV-3H Product description Grilamid LV-3H is a 30% glass fibre reinforced, heat stabilised polyamide 12 injection moulding grade with the following product profile Good chemical

More information

PLAZCAST-LED CAST ACRYLIC (PMMA) SHEETS FOR LED LIGHTING SOLID SHEETS YOUR LOCAL STRATEGIC PARTNER

PLAZCAST-LED CAST ACRYLIC (PMMA) SHEETS FOR LED LIGHTING SOLID SHEETS YOUR LOCAL STRATEGIC PARTNER CAST ACRYLIC (PMMA) SHEETS FOR LED LIGHTING SOLID SHEETS YOUR LOCAL STRATEGIC PARTNER TECHNICAL PROPERTIES sheets feature the same advantageous qualities that standard Plazit-Polygal PLAZCAST sheets: Beautiful

More information

Tribute to Giulio Natta: Industrial Chemisty

Tribute to Giulio Natta: Industrial Chemisty Tribute to Giulio Natta: Industrial Chemisty R&D in polimeric materials Politecnico di Milano Oct 6th 2003 M. Covezzi Ferrara took 3 years to industrialize Prof G. Natta discovery. First world polypropylene

More information

Ultrason E 3010 NAT. Created: Source: Copyright M-Base Engineering+Software GmbH.

Ultrason E 3010 NAT. Created: Source:   Copyright M-Base Engineering+Software GmbH. Unreinforced, higher viscosity injection moulding and extrusion grade, tougher and with improved chemical resistance. Abbreviated designation according to ISO 143-1: Processing/Physical Characteristics

More information

TECHNYL A 205F. Key Properties. Description. Benefits. Applications. Product Data Sheet. Regional Availability

TECHNYL A 205F. Key Properties. Description. Benefits. Applications. Product Data Sheet. Regional Availability TECHNYL A 205F Description TECHNYL A 205F is an unreinforced polyamide 66 for injection moulding. It is available in natural color. Key Properties General purpose Fast cycle High fluidity Benefits The

More information

ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE ON INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS

ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE ON INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS Proceedings in Manufacturing Systems, Volume 11, Issue 2, 2016, 95 100 ISSN 2067-9238 ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE ON INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS Karel RAZ 1,*, Martin ZAHALKA 2 1) PhD, Lecturer, Eng.,

More information

Transparent ABS Resin. Technical Guide

Transparent ABS Resin. Technical Guide Transparent ABS Resin 920 555 Technical Guide Toray Plastics (Malaysia) Sdn. Bnd. 2628 MK. 1, SPT., Lorong Perusahaan 4, Prai Free Industrial Zone, 13600 Prai, Penang, Malaysia. Tel : 04-3988088 Web. :

More information

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON TSS

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON TSS TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON TSS General product description Grilon TSS is an unreinforced, heat stabilised, normal viscosity PA66 + PA6 injection moulding grade. Grilon TSS has the following important

More information

A3X2G7. Product Information Ultramid 07/2015 PA66-GF35 FR. BASF SE Ludwigshafen, Germany

A3X2G7. Product Information Ultramid 07/2015 PA66-GF35 FR. BASF SE Ludwigshafen, Germany Product Information Ultramid A3X2G7 07/2015 PA66-GF35 FR Product description A glass fibre reinforced injection moulding grade with improved flame retardance. Flame retardant based on red phosphorus; giving

More information

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON BZ 3/2

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON BZ 3/2 TECHNICAL DATA SHEET GRILON BZ 3/2 General product description Grilon BZ 3/2 is an unreinforced, high impact resistant PA6 injection moulding and extrusion grade. Grilon BZ 3/2 has the following important

More information

Typical Property Values. Property Test Method Unit Value

Typical Property Values. Property Test Method Unit Value Lexan* 9030 and Lexan* 9030 TG Sheet Product Datasheet Description Lexan* 9030 sheet is the standard Lexan sheet without UV nor Mar resistant surface treatment. Lexan 9030 sheet combines high impact and

More information

PLASTIC PIPE TERMS & DEFINITIONS

PLASTIC PIPE TERMS & DEFINITIONS PLASTIC PIPE TERMS & DEFINITIONS Every product has certain terms and definitions that are unique to that particular product. Listed below are some of the more common terms and definitions that relate to

More information