ANALYZE THE THERMAL PROPERTIES BY VARYING

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1 ANALYZE THE THERMAL PROPERTIES BY VARYING Comparison of Typing Speeds on Different Types of Keyboards and Factors Influencing It, Siddharth Ghoshal, GEOMETRY, Gaurav Acharya, MATERIAL Journal AND Impact THICKNESS Factor (2015): OF CYLINDER Calculated by FINS GISI Thammala Praveen 1, Dr.P.Sampath Rao 2 Volume 6, Issue 6, June (2015), pp Article ID: International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology IAEME: ISSN (Print) ISSN (Online) IJMET I A E M E 1 PG Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vijay Rural Engineering College/ JNTU Hyderabad, India 2 Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vijay Rural Engineering College/ JNTU Hyderabad, India ABSTRACT The Engine cylinder is one of the major automobile components, which is subjected to high temperature variations and thermal stresses. In order to cool the cylinder, fins are provided on the cylinder to increase the rate of heat transfer. By doing thermal analysis on the engine cylinder fins, it is helpful to know the heat dissipation inside the cylinder. The principle implemented in this project is to increase the heat dissipation rate The parametric model is created by varying the geometry, rectangular, circular and curved shaped fins and also by varying thickness of the fins. The main aim is to analysis thermal properties by varying geometry, material and thickness of cylinder fins. Transient thermal analysis determines temperatures Heat flux, Thermal gradient and other thermal quantities that vary over time. The variation of temperature distribution over time is of interest in many applications such as in cooling. In this project we have taken rectangular, circular and curved fins of 3mm thickness, initially and reduce the thickness into 2.5mm done analysis on the point How the heat transfer changes by the reducing the thickness of the fin. The accurate thermal simulation could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved life. The 3D modeling software used is Pro/Engineer. The analysis is done using ANSYS. Presently Material used for manufacturing cylinder fin body is Aluminum Alloy 204 which has thermal conductivity of W/mk Keywords: Combustion Chamber, Cylinder Parameters, And Analysis In ANSYS. Walls Aluminum Alloy, Modeling With Design I. INTRODUCTION In the paper by Mr. Mehul S. Patel, Mr. N.M.Vora [1], the main aim is to analysis thermal properties by varying geometry, material and thickness of cylinder fins. Transient thermal analysis determines temperatures and other thermal quantities that vary over time. The variation of temperature distribution over time is of interest in many applications such as in cooling. The accurate thermal simulation could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved life. In the paper by Pulkit Agarwal, Mayur Shrikhande and P. Srinivasan [2], an aircooled motorcycle engine releases heat to the atmosphere through the mode of forced convection. To 95 editor@iaeme.com

2 facilitate this, fins are provided on the outer surface of the cylinder. An attempt is made to simulate the heat transfer using CFD analysis. The heat transfer surface of the engine is modeled in GAMBIT and simulated in FLUENT software. An expression of average fin surface heat transfer coefficient in terms of wind velocity is obtained. It is observed that when the ambient temperature reduces to a very low value, it results in overcooling and poor efficiency of the engine. In the paper by U. V. Awasarmol and Dr. A. T. Pise [3], the outcome of experimental study conducted to compare the rate of heat transfer with solid and permeable fins and the effect of angle of inclination of fins. Permeable fins are formed by modifying the solid rectangular fins by drilling three inline holes per fin. Solid and Permeable fin block are kept in isolated chamber to study the natural convection heat transfer. Natural convection heat transfer through of each of these blocks was compared in terms of variations in steady state temperatures of base and tip. The steady state temperatures were recorded at constant heat flux condition. At the same time the steady state temperatures were recorded for different angles of inclination of fins. Blocks having solid and permeable fins were tested for different inputs (i.e.15w, 20W). Also the blocks were rotated through the different angles of inclination of fins (i.e.0 0, 15 0, 30 0, 45 0, 60 0, 75 0, 90 0 ). It is found that using permeable fins, heat transfer rate is improved and convective heat transfer coefficient increases by about 20% as compared to solid fins with reduction of cost of the material 30%. And the optimum angle of inclination of fins is 900 i.e. vertical fins. It is also found out that the permeable fins are cooler than the solid fins and the minimum base temperature is recorded at 90 0 angle. In the paper by, A Dewan, P Patro, I Khan,and P Mahanta [4], presents a computational study of the steady-state thermal and air-flow resistance characteristics and performance analysis through a rectangular channel with circular pin fins attached to a flat surface. The pin fins are arranged in staggered manner and the heat transfer is assumed to be conjugated in nature. The body forces and radiation effects are assumed to be negligible. The hydrodynamic and thermal behaviours are studied in detail for the Reynolds numbers varying from 200 to The heat transfer increases with an increase of the fin density along the stream wise direction. For the same surface area and pumping power, the fin materials with large thermal conductivity provide high heat transfer rate with no increase in the pressure drop. The emphasis of the present research work is not only to look into the traditional objective of maximum heat transfer in a heat exchanger, but also to obtain it with minimum pressure drop. II.METHODOLOGY A. Specifications and Material data Fig 2.1 Rectangular shape FIN body with 3mm size 96 editor@iaeme.com

3 Fig 2.2 circular shape FIN body with 3mm size Aluminum Alloy 204 Thermal Conductivity 120 w/mk, Specific Heat J/g ºC, Density 2.8 g/cc. Magnesium Thermal Conductivity 159 w/mk, Specific Heat 1.45 J/g ºC, Density 2.48 g/cc. Aluminum Alloy 7075 Thermal Conductivity 173 w/mk, Specific Heat J/g ºC, Density 2.7 g/cc. Thermal Conductivity 216 w/mk, Specific Heat J/g ºC, Density 1.87 g/cc. Film Co-efficient 25 W/mmK, Bulk Temperature 313 K. Fig 2.3 curve shape FIN body with 3mm size The specifications and geometry of an object with different shape is shown in figure 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3. The FIN body thickness is designed in varies thickness as 3mm and 2.5mm B. Modeling of cylinder fin body This work involved creating a solid model of the helical spring using Pro/ENGINEER software with the given specifications and analyzing the same model using ANSYS software. The modal is created according to the parameters as shown in figure 2.4 in different shapes with varying fin thickness 97 editor@iaeme.com

4 Fig: 2.4 cylinder fin body parameters C. Analysis of modeled cylinder fin body A model of the cylinder fin body was created using Pro/Engineer software. Then the model will be imported to analysis using FEA in this connection ANSYS software is used. ANSYS to complete thermal analysis for detemining maximum heat transfer rate and minimum heat transfer rate in W/mm 2. The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value in K and decreasing to outside still reducing on the fins editor@iaeme.com

5 3mm CYLINDER FIN THICKNESS MAGNESIUM Fig 2.5 Rectangle shaped Magnesium at Nodal Temperature with 3mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.6 Rectangle shaped Magnesium with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 3mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of K/mm to K/mm and minimum of K/mm Fig 2.7 Rectangle shaped Magnesium with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 3mm The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2 and minimum heat transfer rate is W/mm editor@iaeme.com

6 ALUMINUM ALLOY 7075 NODALTEMPERATURE Fig 2.8 Rectangle shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 at Nodal Temperature with 3mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.9 Rectangle shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 3mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of K/mm to K/mm and minimum of 7.859K/mm Fig 2.10 Rectangle shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 3mm The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2 and minimum heat transfer rate is 1.35 W/mm editor@iaeme.com

7 BERYLLIUM Fig 2.11 Rectangle shaped at Nodal Temperature with 3mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.12 Rectangle shaped Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 3mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of K/mm to K/mm and minimum of 6.638K/mm Fig 2.13 Rectangle shaped Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 3mm

8 The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm W/mm 2. and minimum heat transfer rate is 2.5mm ALUMINUM ALLOY 204 Fig 2.14 Rectangle Shaped Aluminum Alloy 204 with Nodal Temperature with 2.5mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.15 Rectangle shaped Aluminum Alloy 204 with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 2.5mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of K/mm to K/mm and minimum of K/mm Fig 2.16 Rectangle shaped Aluminum Alloy 204 with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 2.5mm The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2 and minimum heat transfer rate is W/mm editor@iaeme.com

9 MAGNESIUM Fig 2.17 Rectangle shaped Magnesium at Nodal Temperature with 2.5mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.18 Rectangle shaped Magnesium with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 2.5mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of K/mm to K/mm and minimu of K/mm Fig 2.19 Rectangle shaped Magnesium with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 2.5mm The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2 and minimum heat transfer rate is W/mm editor@iaeme.com

10 ALUMINUM ALLOY 7075 Fig 2.20 Rectangle shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 at Nodal Temperature with 2.5mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.21 Rectangle shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 2.5mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of K/mm to K/mm and minimum of K/mm Fig 2.22 Rectangle shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 2.5mm

11 The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm W/mm 2 and minimum heat transfer rate is BERYLLIUM Fig 2.23 Rectangle shaped at Nodal Temperature with 2.5mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.24 Rectangle shaped with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 2.5mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of K/mm to K/mm and minimum of K/mm Fig 2.25 Rectangle shaped with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 2.5mm The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm W/mm 2. and minimum heat transfer rate is editor@iaeme.com

12 CIRCULAR 1 3mm ALUMINUM ALLOY 204 Fig 2.26 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 204 at Nodal Temperature with 3mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. THERMALGRADIENTSUM Fig 2.27 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 204 with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 3mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of 2.663K/mm to 2.995K/mm and minimum of K/mm Fig 2.28 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 204 with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 3mm editor@iaeme.com

13 The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2 and minimum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2. MAGNESIUM Fig 2.29 Circular shaped Magnesium at Nodal Temperature with 3mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.30 Circular shaped Magnesium with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 3mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of 2.372K/mm to K/mm and minimum of K/mm Fig 2.31 Circular shaped Magnesium with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 3mm editor@iaeme.com

14 The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2 and minimum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2 ALUMINUM ALLOY 7075 Fig 2.33 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 at Nodal Temperature with 3mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.34 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 3mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of K/mm to K/mm and minimu of K/mm Fig 2.35 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 3mm editor@iaeme.com

15 The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm W/mm 2. and minimum heat transfer rate is BERYLLIUM 1. Results Fig 2.36 Circular shaped at Nodal Temperature with 3mm Temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.37 Circular shaped with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 3mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of K/mm to K/mm and minimum of K/mm Fig 2.38 Circular shaped with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 3mm editor@iaeme.com

16 The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2 and minimum heat transfer rate is W/mm mm ALUMINUM ALLOY 204 Fig 2.39 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 204 at Nodal Temperature with 2.5mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. THERMALGRADIENTSUM Fig 2.40 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 204 with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 2.5mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of 2.983K/mm to 3.354K/mm and minimum of K/mm Fig 2.41 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 204 with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 2.5mm editor@iaeme.com

17 The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm W/mm 2. and minimum heat transfer rate is MAGNESIUM Fig 2.42 Circular shaped Magnesium at Nodal Temperature with 2.5mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.43 Circular shaped Magnesium with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 2.5mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of 2.368K/mm to 2.663K/mm and minimum of K/mm Fig 2.44 Circular shaped Magnesium with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 2.5mm editor@iaeme.com

18 The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2 and minimum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2. ALUMINUM ALLOY 7075 Fig 2.45 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 at Nodal Temperature with 2.5mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.46 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 2.5mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of K/mm to K/mm and minimum of K/mm Fig 2.47 Circular shaped Aluminum Alloy 7075 with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 2.5mm editor@iaeme.com

19 The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2 and minimum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2. BERYLLIUM Fig 2.48 Circular shaped at Nodal Temperature with 2.5mm The temperature is maximum inside the cylinder with value of K and decreasing to outside with K and is still reducing on the fins. Fig 2.49 Circular shaped with Thermal Gradient Vector Sum with 2.5mm The change in temperature is in the maximum of K/mm to K/mm and minimum of K/mm Fig 2.50 Circular shaped with Thermal Flux Vector Sum with 2.5mm editor@iaeme.com

20 The maximum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2 and minimum heat transfer rate is W/mm 2. III RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Table 3.1 Results and Discussions Results in Type Materials NODAL THERMAL HEAT FLUX TEMPERATURE GRADIENT Curved Al mm 3mm Al Magnesium Circular Al Al Magnesium Rectangular Al Al Magnesium Curved Al Al Magnesium Circular Al Al Magnesium Rectangular Al Al Magnesium GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION of 2.5 mm 1. Curved Al 7075 Al 204 Magnesium 0 Heat Flux Thermal Gradient Fig 3.1 Results of Thermal gradient and Heat Flux of all materials with Curve Shape and of 2.5 mm 2. Circular editor@iaeme.com

21 Al 7075 Al 204 Magnesium Heat Flux Thermal Gradient Fig 3.2 Results of Thermal gradient and Heat Flux of all materials with Circular Shape and of 2.5 mm 3. Rectangular Al 7075 Al Magnesium Heat Flux Thermal Gradient Fig 3.3 Results of Thermal gradient and Heat Flux of all materials with Rectangle Shape and of 2.5 mm By observing the graphs, the heat flux is more for and Aluminum alloy of 3 mm 1. Curved Al 7075 Al204 0 Heat Flux Thermal Gradient Magnesium Fig 3.4 Results of Thermal gradient and Heat Flux of all materials with Curve Shape and of 3 mm editor@iaeme.com

22 2. Circular Heat Flux Thermal Gradient Al 7075 Al 204 magnesium Fig 3.5 Results of Thermal gradient and Heat Flux of all materials with Circular Shape and of 2.5 mm 3. Rectangular Heat Flux Thermal Gradient Al 7075 Al 204 Magnesium Fig 3.6 Results of Thermal gradient and Heat Flux of all materials with Rectangle Shape and of 2.5 mm By observing the graphs, the heat flux is more for and Aluminum alloy Comparison of 2.5 mm and 3 mm 1 Curved Thermal Gradient 3.0mm 2.5mm Magnesium Al 204 Al 7075 Thermal Flux Fig 3.7 Thermal Gradiant for 2.5 mm and 3 mm when curved 3.0 mm Magnesium 2.5 mm 0 5 Al 204 Al 7075 Fig 3.8 Thermal Flux for 2.5 mm and 3 mm when curved By observing the graphs, the heat flux is more for 2.5mm editor@iaeme.com

23 2. Circular Thermal Gradient 3.0 mm 2.5 mm Magnesiu m Al 204 Fig 3.9 Thermal Gradiant for 2.5 mm and 3 mm when circle Thermal Flux 3mm 2.5mm Magnesium Al 204 Al 7075 Fig 3.10 Thermal Flux for 2.5 mm and 3 mm when circle By observing the graphs, the heat flux is more for 2.5mm Rectangular Thermal Gradient 3.0 mm 2.5 mm Magnesium Al 204 Al 7075 Fig 3.11 Thermal Gradiant for 2.5 mm and 3 mm when Rectangle Thermal Flux 3.0 mm 2.5 mm Magnesiu m Al 204 Fig 3.12 Thermal Flux for 2.5 mm and 3 mm when Rectangle By observing the graphs, the heat flux is more for 2.5mm editor@iaeme.com

24 IV.CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE In this thesis, a cylinder fin body for a 150cc motorcycle is modeled using parametric software Pro/Engineer. The original model is changed by changing the thickness of the fins. The thickness of the original model is 3mm, it has been reduced to 2.5mm. By reducing the thickness of the fins, the overall weight is reduced. Present used material for fin body is Aluminum Alloy 204. In this thesis, three other materials are considered which have more thermal conductivities than Aluminum Alloy 204. The materials are Aluminum alloy 7075, Magnesium Alloy and. Thermal analysis is done for all the three materials. The material for the original model is changed by taking the consideration of their densities and thermal conductivity. By observing the thermal analysis results, thermal flux is more for than other materials and also by reducing the thickness of the fin 2.5mm, the heat transfer rate is increased. The shape of the fin can be modified to improve the heat transfer rate and can be analyzed. The use of Aluminum alloy 6061 as per the manufacturing aspect is to be considered. By changing the thickness of the fin, the total manufacturing cost is extra to prepare the new component. REFERENCES 1. Thermal Analysis of I C Engine cylinder fins array using CFD by Mr. Mehul S. Patel, Mr. N.M.Vora 2. Heat Transfer Simulation by CFD from Fins of an Air Cooled Motorcycle Engine under Varying Climatic Conditions by Pulkit Agarwal, Mayur Shrikhande and P. Srinivasan 3. Experimental Study of Effect of Angle of Inclination of Fins on Natural Convection Heat Transfer through Permeable Fins by U. V. Awasarmol and Dr. A. T. Pise 4. The effect of fin spacing and material on the performance of a heat sink with circular pin fins by A Dewan, P Patro, I Khan,and P Mahanta 5. Nabemoto, A., Heat Transfer on a Fin of Fin Tube, Bulletin of the Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, (in Japanese), Vol.33, No.2 (1985), pp Gibson, A.H., The Air Cooling of Petrol Engines, Proceedings of the Institute of Automobile Engineers, Vol.XIV (1920), pp Biermann, A.E. and Pinkel, B., Heat Transfer from Finned Metal Cylinders in an Air Stream, NACA Report No.488 (1935). 8. Thornhill, D. and May, A., An Experimental Investigation into the Cooling of Finned Metal Cylinders, in a 9. Free Air Stream, SAE Paper , (1999). ( 4 ) Thornhill, D., Graham, A., Cunnigham, G., Troxier, P. and Meyer, R., 10. Experimental Investigation into the Free Air-Cooling of Air-Cooled Cylinders, SAE Paper , (2003). ( 5 ) Pai, B.U., Samaga, B.S. and Mahadevan, K., Some 11. Experimental Studies of Heat Transfer from Finned Cylinders of Air-Cooled I.C. Engines, 4th National Heat Mass Transfer Conference, (1977), pp (Nabemoto, A. and Chiba, T., Flow over Fin Surfaces of Fin Tubes, Bulletin of the Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, (in Japanese), Vol.33, No.2 (1985), pp Thermal Engineering by I. Shvets, M. Kondak 14. Thermal Engineering by Rudramoorthy 15. Thermal Engineering by R.K. Rajput 16. Thermal Engineering by Sarkar 17. Ali Salah Ameen and Dr. Ajeet Kumar Rai, Analysis of Electronic Chips Microchannel by Using Ansys Software International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering & Technology (IJARET), Volume 5, Issue 7, 2014, pp , ISSN Print: , ISSN Online: editor@iaeme.com