Conversion of CO 2 Gas to CO Gas by the Utilization of Decarburization Reaction during Steelmaking Process
|
|
- Merilyn Anthony
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 , pp Conversion of CO 2 Gas to CO Gas by the Utilization of Decarburization Reaction during Steelmaking Process Hiroyuki MATSUURA* and Fumitaka TSUKIHASHI Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. (Received on August 11, 2014; accepted on November 3, 2014) Dissolved carbon in molten iron can be decarburized by CO 2 gas instead O 2 gas commonly used in a basic oxygen furnace, in which CO 2 gas is reduced to CO gas. Produced CO gas can be returned to ironmaking process and as a whole carbon works as energy transfer medium. However, the precise control of the process is required to utilize the decarburization reaction by CO 2 O 2 gas mixture because of its significant endothermic reaction. The present study has focused on the decarburization reaction of molten Fe C alloy by CO 2 O 2 or H 2O CO 2 O 2 gas mixtures and the effects of gas composition and temperature on temperature change of molten alloy and exhaust gas compositions were studied by means of thermodynamic calculation. Repeated equilibrium calculations between existing molten alloy and newly introduced reacting gas enabled the estimation of molten alloy temperature and exhaust gas composition changes. Results were discussed in terms of molten alloy temperature change and conversion ratio of CO 2 to CO or H 2O to H 2. KEY WORDS: reduction of CO 2 gas; decarburization reaction; steelmaking; H 2O; H 2; thermodynamic calculation. 1. Introduction * Corresponding author: matsuura@k.u-tokyo.ac.jp DOI: More than 100 Mt of crude steel is annually produced in Japan 1) and the emission of CO 2 gas from steel industries accounts for around 12.5% of total domestic CO 2 emission (FY2012). 2) Therefore, the reduction in CO 2 emission from integrated steel production process is responsible for the dramatic curtailment of an environmental load and the establishment of a sustainable steel production process. Various technologies for the recovery and storage of CO 2 gas have been widely studied and pilot-scale plant tests have been conducted, one of which is COURSE50 project conducted by Japanese steelmaking companies with the support of New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization and the Japan Iron and Steel Federation. 3) If recovered CO 2 gas could be utilized effectively by circulating in ironmaking and steelmaking processes, CO 2 gas could become an energy transfer medium. However, recovered CO 2 gas has nearly no value as is and thus some sort of energy must be adequately given. One of such methods is the conversion of CO 2 gas to valuable CO gas by the reduction reaction. The value of CO gas is relatively high as a fuel in steel plants or a reducing agent for newly developed various ironmaking processes. CO gas is also required in various petroleum refinery processes and chemical plants. Many processes to reduce CO 2 gas to CO gas have been proposed, such as electrolysis, hydrogen reduction, and thermo chemical reduction. In the present study, the possibility of the reduction of CO 2 gas to CO gas in the steelmaking process has been considered, one of which is the utilization of CO 2 gas as an oxidizing gas for the decarburization process. Usually O 2 gas is used to decarburize hot metal to produce molten steel, which reaction is expressed by Eq. (1). C ( in Fe C liquid, mass% ) + 1/ 2 O2 ( g) CO( g)... (1) 4) ΔG T J/ mol As shown above, the reaction is a large exothermic reaction and therefore molten steel can be heated up to around K at the blow-end of BOF steelmaking process. On the contrary, the decarburization reaction by CO 2 gas is expressed as follows. C ( in Fe C liquid, mass% ) + CO2 ( g) 2CO( g)... (2) ΔG T J/ mol 5) Standard Gibbs energy change of the above reaction is negative at steelmaking temperature range and thus the decarburization reaction takes place, while it is a largely endothermic reaction. Therefore, there would be a limitation in CO 2 gas utilization as a decarburization agent substituting O 2 gas. In the present study, thermodynamic estimations of decarburization reaction by using CO 2 gas were conducted with various operation conditions and the effects of such conditions on the decarburization reaction behavior, degree of the reduction of CO 2 gas to CO gas and temperature variation were studied ISIJ
2 2. Conditions for Thermodynamic Calculation In the present study, thermodynamic calculation software FactSage was used for estimation of equilibrium state between molten Fe C alloy and CO 2-containing gas. Table 1 shows the detail of calculation conditions. Firstly, 1 kg of molten Fe 3.5 mass%c alloy was prepared at K. Subsequently the prepared molten Fe C alloy was equilibrated with O 2, CO 2 O 2 or CO 2 H 2O O 2 gas in various compositions and temperatures. In the equilibrium calculation between molten Fe C alloy and gas, 87 kinds of pure compounds (pure gaseous species in ideal behavior: 43, pure liquid species: 16 and pure solid species: 28) and a solution considering 3 species were considered in the equilibrium calculation as final candidates. For the estimation of change in temperature and composition of molten Fe C alloy and exhaust gas with proceeding of decarburization reaction, 1.0 L of reacting gas at predetermined gas temperature was equilibrated with molten Fe C alloy. The amount, temperature and composition of molten Fe C alloy after equilibrium calculation were input as the initial alloy conditions in the next calculation, and 1.0 L of new reacting gas was equilibrated again. The above equilibrium calculation between molten Fe C alloy and gas was repeated by decreasing carbon content of Fe C alloy less than 0.1 mass%. Change in alloy and exhaust gas compositions and system temperature with process of reaction between molten Fe C alloy and reacting gas were estimated. The algorithm of equilibrium calculation is schematically shown in Fig Results and Discussion 3.1. Determination of Thermal Efficiency As explained previously, one of objectives in the present study is the estimation of temperature change of molten steel during decarburization reaction by CO 2-containing gas. However, the present calculation method using thermodynamic equilibrium has a limitation for the consideration of dynamic change of BOF steelmaking process such as scrap melting or slag formation. Therefore, the present method simply calculated the equilibrium between molten Fe C alloy and blowing gas and thus thermal energy is excess compared to an actual operation. To estimate reasonable temperature change during calculation, heat utilization efficiency was preliminary determined. Figure 2 shows the effect of thermal efficiency on temperature change of the system during equilibrium calculation between molten Fe C alloy and pure O 2 gas introduced at 300 K, in which 100% thermal efficiency means that the equilibrium calculation is processed in the adiabatic condition. However, the adiabatic condition increased the system temperature above K when molten Fe C alloy was decarburized from 3.5 mass%c to 0.1 mass%c, which is unrealistic. As shown in the figure, molten steel temperature reaches around K when thermal efficiency is 80%, which is close to molten steel temperature at the blow-end. Therefore, the thermal efficiency in following all calculations was set as 80%, which means that 80% of thermal energy generated by decarburization reaction is used to increase the system temperature and 20% is simply lost Effect of CO 2 Composition of Introduced Gas Equilibrium calculation between molten Fe C alloy and CO 2 O 2 gas introduced at 300 K was conducted by changing CO 2 gas composition. Figure 3 shows the effect of partial pressure of CO 2 gas in CO 2 O 2 gas on temperature change of the system during decarburization of molten Fe C alloy. Temperature change became smaller with increasing CO 2 content of introduced gas. Temperature and carbon content of molten Fe C alloy reached the liquidus of the Fe C system in the case CO 2 partial pressure more than 0.3 atm, in which solid Fe was precipitated during decarburization reaction. Molten alloy temperature even decreased with decreasing carbon content by CO 2 O 2 gas containing more than 60% of CO 2. Therefore, CO 2 content in CO 2 O 2 gas must be lower than 20% to avoid any solid steel precipitation. Table 1. Conditions for calculations by FactSage Molten Fe C alloy preparation Reaction Fe (s) + C (s) Fe C (l) Amount Total: 1 kg Number of compounds 0 Number of solutions 1 (Species: 2) FSstel-LIQU (Metal-liquid) Temperature Fixed (1 573 K) Composition C: 3.5 mass% Alloy gas equilibrium Reaction Fe C (l) + H 2O CO 2 O 2 (g) Fe C (l) + H 2O H 2 CO 2 CO O 2 (g) Amount Molten Fe C alloy L of gas (1 calculation) Number of compounds Total: 87 (Gas(ideal): 43, Liquid: 16, Solid: 28) Number of solutions 1 (Species: 3) FSstel-LIQU (Metal-liquid) Gas temperature K Gas composition P(CO 2): atm, P(H 2O): atm Temperature Change to satisfy 80% thermal efficiency 2015 ISIJ 414
3 Fig. 1. Algorithm of equilibrium calculation. Fig. 4. Effect of partial pressure of CO 2 on the relationship between partial pressures of CO and CO 2 and carbon content in molten Fe C alloy. Fig. 2. Effect of thermal efficiency on temperature change of the system during decarburization reaction of molten Fe C alloy. expected from the equilibrium constant of reaction (2). Instantaneous and integrated conversion ratios of CO 2 gas to CO gas were calculated by Eqs. (3) and (4), respectively. Instantaneous conversion ratio of CO2 Amount of CO2 in the gas after equilibrium... (3) Amount of CO2 in 10. L introduced gas Integrated conversion ratio of CO2 Total amount of CO2 in exhaust gas... (4) Total amount of CO2 in introduced gas Figure 5 shows change in conversion ratio of CO 2 gas to CO gas with (a) carbon content of molten Fe C alloy, or (b) introduced CO 2 gas amount in mole which makes the calculation of generated amount of CO gas easier. Instantaneous conversion ratio decreased drastically at carbon content below 1 mass%, while that was almost constant at carbon content above that and hence integrated conversion ratio was still more than 95% at the blow-end. Increase in initial CO 2 gas partial pressure by 0.1 atm decreased the instantaneous conversion ratio approximately 1%, while integrated CO 2 gas conversion ratio was still above 97% when CO 2 gas was introduced as 0.2 atm CO 2 O 2 gas, in which the amount of totally introduced CO 2 gas was 0.18 mol larger compared to that in 0.1 atm CO 2 O 2 gas. Energy required to further reduce CO 2 gas to CO gas was compensated as the temperature decrease by about 50 K at the blow-end. Fig. 3. Effect of partial pressure of CO 2 on temperature change of the system during decarburization reaction of molten Fe C alloy. Figure 4 shows the change in partial pressures of CO and CO 2 in exhaust gas with carbon content of molten Fe C alloy. Partial pressure of CO gas is close to 1 atm and the effect of CO 2 partial pressure in introduced gas was not clearly seen. On the contrary, partial pressure of CO 2 gas gradually increased with the decrease of carbon content. The increasing trend became significant at carbon content below 1 mass%. Decrease in carbon content of molten Fe C alloy decreases activity of carbon and thus the reduction degree of CO 2 gas became lower at lower carbon content region as 3.3. Effect of Introduced Gas Temperature Equilibrium calculation between molten Fe C alloy and 0.2 atm CO 2 O 2 gas was conducted by changing introduced gas temperature. Figure 6 shows the relationship between carbon content of molten Fe C alloy and the system temperature. Molten Fe C alloy temperature at the blow-end increased by 60 K from K to K by increasing gas temperature from 300 K to K. Figure 7 shows the effect of introduced gas temperature on the change in partial pressures of CO and CO 2 in exhaust gas. Effect of introduced gas temperature was insignificant but the temperature increase slightly decreased the equilibrated CO 2 partial pressure. Figure 8 shows change in conversion ratio of CO 2 gas to ISIJ
4 Fig. 7. Effect of introduced gas temperature on the relationship between partial pressures of CO and CO 2 and carbon content in molten Fe C alloy. Fig. 5. Change in conversion ratio of CO 2 to CO with (a) carbon content and (b) introduced CO 2 amount during decarburization reaction of molten Fe C alloy. Fig. 6. Effect of introduced gas temperature on temperature change of the system during decarburization reaction of molten Fe C alloy. CO gas with (a) carbon of molten Fe C alloy or (b) introduced CO 2 gas amount in mole. Effect of introduced gas temperature on CO 2 gas conversion ratio was insignificant. From above results, the effect of preheating of CO 2 O 2 gas before blowing on temperature increase of molten steel at the blow-end is limited and the positive effects on CO 2 gas conversion ratio was not obviously observed. Fig. 8. Change in conversion ratio of CO 2 to CO with (a) carbon content and (b) introduced CO 2 amount during decarburization reaction of molten Fe C alloy Effect of H 2O Gas Addition Similar to CO 2 gas, H 2O gas (water vapor) can also decarburize molten Fe C alloy which reaction is expressed as Eq. (5). ( ) ( ) ( )+ ( ) C in Fe C liquid, mass% + H O g CO g H g ΔG T 2 2 6) J/ mol... (5) 2015 ISIJ 416
5 This reaction is also endothermic reaction and thus the effects similar to CO 2 gas on decarburization behavior are expected. Therefore, the effects of H 2O gas addition on the decarburization reactions were examined. Equilibrium calculation between molten Fe C alloy and x Fig. 9. Effect of H 2O addition into introduced gas on temperature change of the system during decarburization reaction of molten Fe C alloy. atm H 2O (0.2 x) atm CO 2 O 2 gas (0 x 0.2) at K was conducted by changing partial pressure of H 2O gas. Figure 9 shows the effect of H 2O gas addition on temperature change of the system during decarburization reaction. Temperature change with decreasing carbon content in the case of H 2O CO 2 O 2 gas is similar to that of CO 2 O 2 gas and temperature slightly increased with increasing partial pressure of H 2O gas. This is because of slightly smaller enthalpy change of Eq. (5) compared to that of Eq. (2). Temperature increase at the blow-end is however only 10 K when 0.2 atm CO 2 gas is fully substituted by 0.2 atm H 2O gas. Change in partial pressures of CO, CO 2, H 2 and H 2O with carbon content in molten Fe C alloy is shown in Fig. 10. Partial pressure of CO 2 is similar to that in the case of CO 2 O 2 gas equilibrium as shown in Fig. 7 and the effect of H 2O gas addition is negligibly small. On the contrary, partial pressures of H 2O and H 2 obviously increased with increasing H 2O partial pressure of introduced gas. Similar to CO 2 partial pressure change, H 2O partial pressure gradually increased with decreasing carbon content and the partial pressure ratio of H 2 to H 2O drastically decreased when carbon content decreased below 1 mass%. Instantaneous and integrated conversion ratios of H 2O gas to H 2 gas were calculated by Eqs. (6) and (7), respectively. Fig. 10. Effect of H 2O addition into introduced gas on the relationship between (a) partial pressures of CO and CO 2 and carbon content in molten Fe C alloy, and (b) partial pressures of H 2 and H 2O and carbon content in molten Fe C alloy. Fig. 11. Change in conversion ratio of (a) CO 2 to CO and (b) H 2O to H 2 with carbon content during decarburization reaction of molten Fe C alloy by H 2O CO 2 O 2 gas ISIJ
6 introduced gas and more than 93% of instantaneous conversion ratio was maintained until the blow-end as shown in Figs. 11(b) and 12(b). Integrated conversion ratio was significantly large, more than 99%. Simultaneous addition of CO 2 and H 2O to oxidizing gas would be feasible to diminish the decrease of temperature of molten steel and also to produce CO and H 2 gas simultaneously, in which especially almost complete reduction of H 2O gas to H 2 is expected. Fig. 12. Change in conversion ratio of (a) CO 2 to CO with introduced CO 2 amount and (b) H 2O to H 2 with introduced H 2O amount during decarburization reaction of molten Fe C alloy by H 2O CO 2 O 2 gas. Instantaneous conversion ratio of H2O Amount of H O in the gas after equilibrium 2 Amount of H2O in 10. L introduced gas Integrated conversion ratio of H2O Total amount of H2O in exhaust gas Total amount of H2O in introduced gas... (6)... (7) Calculated conversion ratios of CO 2 and H 2O are shown in Figs. 11(a) and 11(b) as a function of carbon content in molten Fe C alloy, and also shown in Figs. 12(a) and 12(b) as a function of introduced CO 2 or H 2O amount in mole. As shown in Figs. 11(a) and 12(a), conversion ratio of CO 2 decreases drastically at lower carbon content range. Instantaneous conversion ratio decreased to less than 90% at the blow-end. As mentioned previously, the oxidation of Fe to produce FeO is not taken into consideration in this calculation. Therefore, CO 2 conversion ratio would increase to some extent due to the oxidation of Fe in the practical condition. On the contrary, conversion ratio of H 2O to H 2 was not considerably affected with changing H 2O partial pressure of 4. Conclusions In the present study, the conversion process of CO 2 gas to CO gas utilizing thermal and chemical energy of molten iron was considered and the effect of the substitution of O 2 gas to CO 2 O 2 gas or H 2O CO 2 O 2 gas on decarburization behavior of molten Fe C alloy and conversion efficiency was examined by thermodynamic calculation. Due to largely endothermic reaction of decarburization by CO 2 gas, considerable difference in temperature change was observed after the change of O 2 gas to CO 2 O 2 gas. The maximal substitution ratio of O 2 gas to CO 2 gas was 20% to avoid the precipitation of solid Fe during decarburization. Integrated conversion ratio of CO 2 to CO was more than 95%, while instantaneous conversion ratio of CO 2 to CO decreased drastically when carbon content decreased below 1 mass%. Preheating of introduced gas from 300 K to K was not significantly effective to improve temperature decrease of molten alloy, which increased molten alloy temperature at the blow-end by about 60 K. Addition of H 2O gas as a substitute of CO 2 slightly increased molten alloy temperature at the blow-end, approximately 10 K, when 0.2 atm H 2O O 2 gas was introduced at K. This slight temperature increase is due to smaller enthalpy change of decarburization reaction by H 2O gas than that by CO 2 gas. Conversion ratio of H 2O to H 2 was more than 99% and thus the simultaneous addition of CO 2 and H 2O to oxidizing gas would be feasible to diminish temperature drop of molten steel and to produce CO and H 2 gas simultaneously. Acknowledgment This research was partially supported by the Arai Science and Technology Foundation. Authors greatly appreciate the financial support. REFERENCES 1) The Japan Iron and Steel Federation: Series Statistics for Japanese Steel Production, Series.html, (accessed ). 2) Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan, Center for Global Environmental Research and National Institute for Environmental Studies, ed. by National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report of Japan 2014, NIES, Tokyo, (2014), 2. 3) COURSE50 official website: (accessed ). 4) The 19th Committee on Steelmaking, The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science ed.: Steelmaking Data Sourcebook, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, (1988), 59, ) Ibid., 59. 6) Ibid., 59, ISIJ 418
Thermodynamic Calculation of Reaction and Equilibrium between Coal and FeO-containing Slag in the Atmosphere of CO 2 Gas
ISIJ International, Advance Publication by J-STAGE ISIJ International, ISIJ International, J-Stage Advanced Advance ISIJ Publication International, Publication, ISIJ International, by DOI: J-STAGE, Advance
More informationOxidation of Iron, Silicon and Manganese
08 Oxidation of Iron, Silicon and Manganese AkMB Rashid Professor, Department of MME BUET, Dhaka Today s Topics Oxidation of iron Oxidation and reduction of silicon Oxidation and reduction of manganese
More informationExperimental Research on Reducing the Dust of BOF in CO 2 and O 2 Mixed Blowing Steelmaking Process
, pp. 1694 1699 Experimental Research on Reducing the Dust of BOF in CO 2 and O 2 Mixed Blowing Steelmaking Process Cao YI, 1) Rong ZHU, 1) Bo-yu CHEN, 2) Can-rong WANG 2) and Jian-Xiang KE 2) 1) Metallurgical
More informationLecture 17 Alternative Charge Materials in EAF
Lecture 17 Alternative Charge Materials in EAF Contents: Introduction Types of metallic charge materials Carbon content in DRI Charging methods Key words: Sponge iron, DRI, electric arc furnace, UHP furnaces
More informationPhase Equilibrium for the CaO SiO 2 FeO 5mass%P 2 O 5 5mass%Al 2 O 3 System for Dephosphorization of Hot Metal Pretreatment
, pp. 1381 1385 Phase Equilibrium for the CaO SiO 2 FeO 5mass%P 2 O 5 5mass%Al 2 O 3 System for Dephosphorization of Hot Metal Pretreatment Xu GAO, 1) Hiroyuki MATSUURA, 1) * Masaki MIYATA 2) and Fumitaka
More informationFundamental Research on a Rational Steelmaking Slag Recycling System by Phosphorus Separation and Collection
Fundamental Research on a Rational Steelmaking Slag Recycling System by Phosphorus Separation and Collection Kenji Nakase ) *, Akitoshi Matsui ), Naoki Kikuchi ) Yuji Miki ), Yasuo Kishimoto ), Itsuo Goto
More informationEffect of Oxygen Partial Pressure on Liquidus for the CaO SiO 2 FeO x System at K
, pp. 2040 2045 Effect of Oxygen Partial Pressure on Liquidus for the CaO SiO 2 FeO x System at 1 573 K Hisao KIMURA, Shuji ENDO 1), Kohei YAJIMA 2) and Fumitaka TSUKIHASHI 2) Institute of Industrial Science,
More informationPhosphorous Problem. AkMB Rashid Professor, Department of MME BUET, Dhaka
09 Phosphorous Problem AkMB Rashid Professor, Department of MME BUET, Dhaka Today s Topics Behaviour of phosphorous in metal and slag Oxidation of phosphorous Effect of temperature Effect of metal and
More informationXiao YANG, Hiroyuki MATSUURA and Fumitaka TSUKIHASHI
, pp. 702 711 Reaction Behavior of P 2 O 5 at the Interface between Solid 2CaO SiO 2 and Liquid CaO SiO 2 FeO x P 2 O 5 Slags Saturated with Solid 5CaO SiO 2 P 2 O 5 at 1 573 K Xiao YANG, Hiroyuki MATSUURA
More informationHYL III: Status And Trends
HYL III: Status And Trends by Raúl Quintero, President HYL Technology Division, Hylsa, S.A. de C.V. presented at the Gorham/Intertech Conference on Iron & Steel Scrap, Scrap Substitutes and Direct Steel
More informationFactSage Independent Study
FactSage Independent Study FactSage Independent Study 1 Question 1 The following amount of slag granules (298K) is melted in an induction furnace in a graphite crucible 112g SiO 2, 360g FeO, 100g CaO,
More informationThermodynamic database of P 2 O 5 -containing oxide system for De-P process in steelmaking
Thermodynamic database of P 2 O 5 -containing oxide system for De-P process in steelmaking *In-Ho JUNG, Pierre HUDON, Wan-Yi KIM, Marie-Aline VAN ENDE, Miftaur RAHMAN, Gabriel Garcia CURIEL, Elmira Moosavi
More informationEFFECT OF ACTIVITY COEFFICIENT ON PHOSPHATE STABILITY IN MOLTEN SLAGS
EFFECT OF ACTIVITY COEFFICIENT ON PHOSPHATE STABILITY IN MOLTEN SLAGS Moon Kyung Cho & Dong Joon Min Yonsei University, Korea ABSTRACT Recently, demands of special alloys which would be achieved with high
More informationForm of Al Ti Oxide Produced by Al Ti Deoxidation Reaction at 1873 and 1473 K
Form of Al Ti Oxide Produced by Al Ti Deoxidation Reaction at 1873 and 1473 K Hiroyuki Matsuura Lecturer Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of
More informationAnalysis of parameters affecting end blow manganese content at oxygen steelmaking
Celso Dias Barão (Barão Consultoria Empresarial) Carlos Antônio da Silva, Itavahn Alves da Silva (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP) Analysis of parameters affecting end blow manganese content
More informationActivities of SiO 2 in Some CaO Al 2 O 3 SiO 2 ( 10%MgO) Melts with Low SiO 2 Contents at K
ISIJ International, Vol. 47 (007), No. 6, pp. 805 810 Activities of SiO in Some CaO Al O 3 SiO ( 10%MgO) Melts with Low SiO Contents at 1 873 K YoungJo KANG, 1) Du SICHEN ) and Kazuki MORITA 3) 1) Graduate
More informationEnrichment of Phosphorus Oxide in Steelmaking Slag by Utilizing Capillary Action
J. Sustain. Metall. (2016) 2:38 43 DOI 10.1007/s40831-015-0035-3 THEMATIC SECTION: SLAG VALORISATION TODAY Enrichment of Phosphorus Oxide in Steelmaking Slag by Utilizing Capillary Action Shohei Koizumi
More informationblast furnace stoichiomelry II
blast furnace stoichiomelry II Preamble In lecture 31 a simplified material balance is considered for ironmaking blast furnace and the results of material balance formulation are presented in the form
More informationPYREJET A MULTI-FUNCTION COMBUSTION/INJECTION SYSTEM FOR EAF STEELMAKING
PYREJET A MULTI-FUNCTION COMBUSTION/INJECTION SYSTEM FOR EAF STEELMAKING ACI has developed a PyrJet a new proprietary multi-functional burner/injection system for the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF). The new
More informationThe Predom module -O 2. at different temperatures) One-metal
The Predom module Use Predom to calculate and plot isothermal 1-, 2- and 3-metal predominance area diagrams. Predom makes exclusively use of compound databases. Table of Contents Section 1 Section 2 Section
More informationSteel Making Prof. Deepak Mazumdar Prof. S. C. Koria Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Steel Making Prof. Deepak Mazumdar Prof. S. C. Koria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur Module No. # 01 Lecture No. # 19 Modern Steelmaking II, Electric
More informationThermodynamic Interaction between Chromium and Aluminum in Liquid Fe Cr Alloys Containing 26 mass% Cr
ISIJ International, Vol. 51 (2011), o. 2, pp. 208 213 Thermodynamic Interaction between Chromium and uminum in Liquid Fe loys Containing 26 mass% Jong-h J, 1) Moon-Sic JUG, 1) Jong-Hyun PARK, 1) Chang-h
More informationEquilibrium Relationships between Oxide Compounds in MgO Ti 2 O 3 Al 2 O 3 with Iron at K and Variations in Stable Oxides with Temperature
, pp. 2012 2018 Equilibrium Relationships between xide Compounds in 2 3 2 3 with Iron at 1 873 K and Variations in Stable xides with Temperature Hideki N 1) and Toshio IBUTA 2) 1) Division of Materials
More informationCarbide Capacity of CaO SiO 2 CaF 2 ( Na 2 O) Slags at K
ISIJ International, Vol. 44 (004), No., pp. 3 8 Carbide Capacity of CaO SiO CaF ( Na O) Slags at 1 773 K Joo Hyun PARK and Dong Joon MIN 1) Stainless Steel Research Group, Technical Research Laboratory,
More informationInfluence of Sulfur on the Reaction between MnO SiO 2 FeO Oxide and Fe Mn Si Solid Alloy by Heat Treatment
, pp. 2678 2686 Influence of Sulfur on the Reaction between MnO SiO 2 FeO Oxide and Fe Mn Si Solid Alloy by Heat Treatment Kyung-Ho KIM, 1) * Hiroyuki SHIBATA 2) and Shin-ya KITAMURA 2) 1) Formerly Graduate
More informationStainless Steelmaking
16 Stainless Steelmaking Topics to discuss... Introduction Thermodynamics of decarburization of chromium melt Technology of stainless steel making Introduction Stainless steels contain typically 10-30
More informationVolatilization Behaviors of Low-boiling-point Elements in Municipal Solid Waste Gasification and Melting Processes
Volatilization Behaviors of Low-boiling-point Elements in Municipal Solid Waste Gasification and Melting Processes Shohichi Osada 1, Morihiro Osada 2 1. Nishinihon Branch Office, Nippon Steel Engineering
More informationEffect of Al 2 O 3 or MgO on Liquidus Line in the FeO X Corner of FeO X -SiO 2 -CaO System at 1523 K under Various Oxygen Partial Pressures
High Temp. Mater. Proc., Vol. 30 (2011), pp. 333 338 Copyright 2011 De Gruyter. DOI 10.1515/HTMP.2011.053 Effect of Al 2 O 3 or MgO on Liquidus Line in the FeO X Corner of FeO X -SiO 2 -CaO System at 1523
More informationDissolution Behavior of Mg from MgO into Molten Steel Deoxidized by Al
, pp. 223 2238 Dissolution Behavior of Mg from MgO into Molten Steel Deoxidized by Al Akifumi HARADA, 1) Gaku MIYANO, 2) Nobuhiro MARUOKA, 3) Hiroyuki SHIBATA 3) and Shin-ya KITAMURA 3) * 1) Graduate Student,
More information9/12/2018. Course Objectives MSE 353 PYROMETALLURGY. Prerequisite. Course Outcomes. Forms of Assessment. Course Outline
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana MSE 353 PYROMETALLURGY Course Objectives Understand the fundamental concepts of pyrometallurgy Understand the concepts of materials and energy
More informationTHERMODYNAMICS OF MANGANESE OXIDE IN CaO-SIO 2 -MgO SAT. -Cr 2 O 3 -MnO SLAGS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH MN STAINLESS STEEL
THERMODYNAMICS OF MANGANESE OXIDE IN CaO-SIO 2 -MgO SAT. -Cr 2 O 3 -MnO SLAGS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH MN STAINLESS STEEL Mane Aline Van Ende, Muxiner Guo, Peter Jones, Bart Blanpain & Patrick Wollants
More informationMaterials and Energy Balance in Metallurgical Processes. Prof. S. C. Koria. Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Materials and Energy Balance in Metallurgical Processes Prof. S. C. Koria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur Module No. # 01 Lecture No. # 09 Basics
More informationChapter 2 Electric Arc Furnace as Thermoenergetical Unit
Chapter 2 Electric Arc Furnace as Thermoenergetical Unit 2.1 Thermal Performance of Furnace: Terminology and Designations There are different forms of energy. Heat is one of them. Heat is a form of energy
More informationMASS AND HEAT BALANCE OF STEELMAKING IN BOF AS COMPARED TO EAF PROCESSES M.M.LOTFY 1, H.A.AHMED 2 AND F.A.ELREFAIE 3
ABSTRACT MASS AND HEAT BALANCE OF STEELMAKING IN BOF AS COMPARED TO EAF PROCESSES M.M.LOTFY 1, H.A.AHMED 2 AND F.A.ELREFAIE 3 Mass and energy balance equations are applied on top blowing BOF and EAF steelmaking
More informationChromium distribution between slag and non-carbon saturated metal phases under changing partial pressure of carbon monoxide
PAN, X. and ERIC, R.H. Chromium distribution between slag and non-carbon saturated metal phases under changing partial pressure of carbon monoxide. VII International Conference on Molten Slags Fluxes and
More informationEvaluation of Viscosity of Molten SiO_2-CaO-MgO- Al_2O_3 Slags in Blast Furnace Operation
Title Author(s) Citation Evaluation of Viscosity of Molten SiO_2-CaO-MgO- Al_2O_3 Slags in Blast Furnace Operation Nakamoto, Masashi; Tanaka, Toshihiro; Lee, Joonho; Usui, Tateo ISIJ International. 44(12)
More informationSustainable Steel Decarburization by Oxide Addition
Sustainable Steel Decarburization by Oxide Addition Othman N. Alzeghaibi*, Charles C. Sorrell, and Veena H. Sahajwalla School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney
More informationTrial on the Applicaton of Capillary Phenomenon of Solid CaO to Desulfurization of Liquid Fe
Title Author(s) Citation Trial on the Applicaton of Capillary Phenomenon of Solid CaO to Desulfurization of Liquid Fe Tanaka, Toshihiro; Ogiso, Yumi; Ueda, Mitsuru; Lee, Joonho ISIJ INternational. 50(8)
More informationModule - 02 Lecture - 06 Limitation of Primary Steelmaking & Importance of secondary Refining
Steel Quality Role of Secondary Refining and Continuous Casting Dr. Santanu Kr Ray Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Module - 02 Lecture - 06 Limitation of Primary
More informationRecovery of Molybdenum from Spent Lubricant
, pp. 1217 1224 Recovery of Molybdenum from Spent Lubricant Tran Van LONG, 1) Takahiro MIKI, 2) Yasushi SASAKI 3) and Mitsutaka HINO 4) 1) Formerly Graduate Student, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku
More informationLecture 14 Modern trends in BOF steelmaking
Lecture 14 Modern trends in BOF steelmaking Contents: Post combustion Technology of post combustion Potential post combustion issues Slag splashing What is required for slag splashing Liquidus temperature
More informationDevelopment of the Process for Producing Pre-reduced Agglomerates
Development of the Process for Producing Pre-reduced Agglomerates JFE TECHNICAL REPORT No. 13 (May 9) MACHIDA Satoshi *1 SATO Hideaki * TAKEDA Kanji *3 Abstract: The Japanese steel industry, accounting
More informationLecture 12 Converter Steelmaking Practice & combined blowing. Key words: Top blown steelmaking, combined blowing, bottom stirring, hot metal refining
Lecture 12 Converter Steelmaking Practice & combined blowing Contents: Refining of hot metal Composition and temperature during the blow Physico-chemical interactions Developments in Top blown steelmaking
More informationPyrometallurgical process modelling: How far have we come?
Pyrometallurgical process modelling: How far have we come? Mintek, Randburg, Johannesburg, South Africa Rodney Jones 21 February 2012 www.maps-continents.com Early pyrometallurgy in South Africa DC arc
More informationPyrometallurgy of iron is still the most important pyrometallurgical process economically.
1 Pyrometallurgy of iron is still the most important pyrometallurgical process economically. Prehistorically, iron was prepared by simply heating it with charcoal in a fired clay pot. Coke is coal that
More informationPart III: Slag Practices and Oxygen/Carbon Injection when Melting Direct Reduced Iron
Use of DRI in EAF s Gregory L. Dressel Dressel Technologies Pawleys Island, SC Part III: Slag Practices and Oxygen/Carbon Injection when Melting Direct Reduced Iron Introduction When melting DRI or HBI
More informationDecomposition of Li 2 CO 3 in existence of SiO 2 in mould flux of steel casting
KIM, J-W., LEE, Y-D., KANG, Y-D and LEE, H-G. Decomposition of Li 2 CO 3 in existence of SiO 2 in mould flux of steel casting. VII International Conference on Molten Slags Fluxes and Salts, The South African
More informationCHEM J-8 June Answer: THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS FOR ROUGH WORKING ONLY.
CHEM1101 2014-J-8 June 2014 A 1.0 kg sample of copper metal is heated to 100.0 C. The copper sample is immersed in a volume of water initially at 25.0 C. What volume of water is required so that the final
More informationExtracting and using metals. ores. native. Only the most unreactive metals such as gold and platinum are found as native metals.
Extracting and using metals Only the most unreactive metals such as gold and platinum are found as native metals. ores All the other metals we use are extracted from their ores by chemical processes. native
More informationSummary of findings from HYBRIT Pre-Feasibility Study
Fe₂O₃ A joint venture between SSAB, LKAB and Vattenfall H₂O Summary of findings from HYBRIT Pre-Feasibility Study 2016 2017 This work was funded by the Swedish Energy Agency, SSAB, LKAB, and Vattenfall
More informationSulfide Capacity of CaO-SiO 2 -FeO-Al 2 O 3 -MgO satd. Slag
ISIJ International, Vol. 56 (06), ISIJ International, No. 4 Vol. 56 (06), No. 4, pp. 50 56 Sulfide Capacity of CaO-SiO -FeO-Al O 3 -MgO satd. Slag Youngjoo PARK and Dong Joon MIN* Department of Materials
More informationTitle. Author(s)Suzuki, Ryosuke O.; Matsuura, Fumiya; Natsui, Shungo. Issue Date Doc URL. Type. File Information
Title Conversion of CO2 to CO gas using molten CaCl2 and Z Author(s)Suzuki, Ryosuke O.; Matsuura, Fumiya; Natsui, Shungo Issue Date 2017-10 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67371 Type proceedings File
More informationThermodynamic determination of low melting area in CaO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -MgO-MnO system inclusion and its control in spring steel
Thermodynamic determination of low melting area in CaO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -MgO-MnO system inclusion and its control in spring steel Bo ZHANG 1),2), Fuming WANG 1),2) and Changrong LI 3) 1) School of Metallurgical
More informationSteel Making Prof. Deepak Mazumdar Prof. S. C. Koria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur
Steel Making Prof. Deepak Mazumdar Prof. S. C. Koria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur Module No. # 01 Lecture No. # 04 The Science Base of Iron and
More informationMASTER'S THESIS. Thermodynamic Study of Trace Elements in the Blast Furnace and Basic Oxygen Furnace. Anton Andersson 2014
MASTER'S THESIS Thermodynamic Study of Trace Elements in the Blast Furnace and Basic Oxygen Furnace Anton Andersson 2014 Master of Science in Engineering Technology Sustainable Process Engineering Luleå
More informationLecture 25: Principles of degassing
Lecture 25: Principles of degassing Contents Introduction Principles Side reactions General considerations Fluid flow in degassing Material balance in de gassing Key words: Degassing, gases in steel, ladle
More informationHeat Balance in Pyrometallurgical Processes
Heat Balance in Pyrometallurgical Processes The heat balance shows the important sources of heat energy and their relative contribution to the total energy usage in a process The heat balance in general
More informationINTRODUCTION. The management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the most important problems especially for developing countries.
INTRODUCTION The management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the most important problems especially for developing countries. Incineration is a popular method of dealing with waste. This scheme
More informationCO2 Ultimate Reduction in Steelmaking Process (COURSE50 Project)
CO2 Ultimate Reduction in Steelmaking Process (COURSE5 Project) 23.May.218 General Manager, Technical R&D Planning Division, Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Shigeaki Tonomura Nippon Steel & Sumitomo
More informationManganese Equilibrium Distribution between Carbon-saturated Iron. Melts and Lime Based Slags Containing MnO, BaO, and Na20*
Manganese Equilibrium Distribution between Carbon-saturated Iron Melts and Lime Based Slags Containing MnO, BaO, and Na20* By Simeon Ratehev SIMEONOV** and Nobuo SANO*** Synopsis Studies o f the manganese
More informationA.K. LAHIRI. Thermodynamics of refining in electric furnace steelmaking
Thermodynamics of refining in electric furnace steelmaking A. K. LAHIRI Department of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012 Introduction In general, the input impurity levels in the
More informationFundamental Study of Sn Removal from Hot Metal by NH 3 Gas Blowing
, pp. 1807 1812 Fundamental Study of Sn Removal from Hot Metal by NH 3 Gas Blowing Naotaka SASAKI, 1) * Yu-ichi UCHIDA, 1) Yu-ji MIKI 1) and Hidetoshi MATSUNO 2) 1) Steelmaking Research Department, Steel
More informationImprovement in Blast Furnace Reaction Efficiency Through the Use of Catalyst-doped Highly Reactive Coke
UDC 669. 162. 263 : 662. 749. 2 Improvement in Blast Furnace Reaction Efficiency Through the Use of Catalyst-doped Highly Reactive Coke Seiji NOMURA* 1 Shinroku MATSUZAKI* 1 Masaaki NAITO* 1 Hiroyuki AYUKAWA*
More informationEffect of Chromium on Nitrogen Solubility in Liquid Fe Cr Alloys Containing 30 mass% Cr
ISIJ International, Vol. 49 (009), No., pp. 668 67 Effect of Chromium on Nitrogen Solubility in Liquid Fe Alloys Containing 30 mass% Wan-Yi KIM, ) Chang-Oh LEE, ) Chul-Wook YUN ) and Jong-Jin PAK ) ) Formerly
More informationActivity Measurement of CaO SiO 2 AlO 1.5 MgO Slags Equilibrated with Molten Silicon Alloys
ISIJ International, Vol. 40 (000), No. 6, pp. 561 566 Activity Measurement of CaO SiO AlO 1.5 MgO Slags Equilibrated with Molten Silicon Alloys Kousuke KUME, Kazuki MORITA 1), Takahiro MIKI ) and Nobuo
More informationChromium distribution between slag and non-carbon saturated metal phases under changing partial pressure of carbon monoxide
Chromium distribution between slag and non-carbon saturated metal phases under changing partial pressure of carbon monoxide by X. Pan* and R.H. Eric* Synopsis Slag-metal equilibrium experiments were conducted
More informationInstitute of Industrial Science (IIS) and Okabe Lab.
Institute of Industrial Science (IIS) and Okabe Lab. Ryosuke Matsuoka Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 1 Institute of Industrial Science (IIS) http://www.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ 2 About
More informationSubjects for Achievement of Blast Furnace Operation with Low Reducing Agent Rate
, pp. 1379 1385 Subjects for Achievement of Blast Furnace Operation with Low Reducing Agent Rate Yutaka UJISAWA, Kaoru NAKANO, Yoshinori MATSUKURA, Kohei SUNAHARA, Shusaku KOMATSU and Takaiku YAMAMOTO
More informationNEW EAF DUST TREATMENT PROCESS : ESRF MICHIO NAKAYAMA *
NEW EAF DUST TREATMENT PROCESS : ESRF BY MICHIO NAKAYAMA * SYNOPSYS: Electric arc furnaces (EAF) generate much dust during operation, which contains very high percentages of zinc, lead, and iron, as well
More informationBrimacombe Lecture. Research on Sustainable Steelmaking
Brimacombe Lecture Research on Sustainable Steelmaking R. J. Fruehan Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research Materials Science and Engineering Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA Tel:
More informationMechanisms of Pig-iron Making from Magnetite Ore Pellets Containing Coal at Low Temperature
, pp. 1316 1323 Mechanisms of Pig-iron Making from Magnetite Ore Pellets Containing Coal at Low Temperature Kazuhiro NAGATA, Rie KOJIMA, 1) Taichi MURAKAMI, Masahiro SUSA 1) and Hiroyuki FUKUYAMA Department
More informationHeat exchangers and thermal energy storage concepts for the off-gas heat of steelmaking devices
Journal of Physics: Conference Series Heat exchangers and thermal energy storage concepts for the off-gas heat of steelmaking devices To cite this article: T Steinparzer et al 2012 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.
More informationAnalysis of Hot Metal Desiliconization Behavior in Converter Experiments by Coupled Reaction Model
, pp. 316 325 Analysis of Hot Metal Desiliconization Behavior in Converter Experiments by Coupled Reaction Model Minoru ISHIKAWA Corporate Research & Development Laboratories, Sumitomo Metal Industries,
More informationEXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA OF SUBSYSTEMS IN THE MnO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -MnS SYSTEM
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA OF SUBSYSTEMS IN THE MnO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -MnS SYSTEM Dae-Hee Woo, Henri Gaye & Hae-Geon Lee Pohang University of Science and Technology, Korea Youn-Bae Kang
More informationSulphur Problem. AkMB Rashid Professor, Department of MME BUET, Dhaka. Today s Topics
10 Sulphur Problem AkMB Rashid Professor, Department of MME BUET, Dhaka Today s Topics Introduction Behaviour of sulphur in metal and slag Oxidation of sulphur in the furnace Oxidation of sulphur in the
More informationKITAMURA Laboratory ( )
[Research Activities] KITAMURA Laboratory (2008.4 2009.3) Base Materials Processing Research Field Research Center for Sustainable Materials Engineering The production processes of base materials, such
More informationRecent Developments in FactSage Thermochemical Software and Databases
Recent Developments in FactSage Thermochemical Software and Databases Christopher. W. Bale,* E. Bélisle*, P. Chartrand*, S.A. Decterov*, G. Eriksson**, A. Gheribi*, K. Hack**, I.-H. Jung*, J. Melançon*,
More informationUse of Direct Reduced Iron in the Electric Furnace P CaO + MgO... o. 20. Mn Cr... <o.o05
Use of Direct Reduced Iron in the Electric Furnace DIRECTLY reduced iron is coming more and more into the headlines of the steelmaking industry and interest is widespread and increasing. Much work has
More informationMANGANESE FUNDAMENTALS MANGANESE ALLOYS PRODUCTION: IMPACT OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF RAW MATERIALS ON THE ENERGY AND MATERIALS BALANCE
MANGANESE ALLOYS PRODUCTION: IMPACT OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF RAW MATERIALS ON THE ENERGY AND MATERIALS BALANCE 1 M. Kalenga, 1 P. Xiaowei, 2 M. Tangstad 1 University of Johannesburg, South Africa; 2
More informationRecent progress of hot stage processing for steelmaking slags in China considering stability and heat recovery. Guangqiang Li, Hongwei Ni
Recent progress of hot stage processing for steelmaking slags in China considering stability and heat recovery Guangqiang Li, Hongwei Ni Contents Introduction Treating and heat recovery system for steelmaking
More informationTopic 2.7 EXTRACTION OF METALS. Extraction of Iron Extraction of Aluminium Extraction of Titanium Recycling
Topic 2.7 EXTRACTION OF METALS Extraction of Iron Extraction of Aluminium Extraction of Titanium Recycling EXTRACTING METALS FROM THEIR ORES Most metals do not occur native. They exist in compounds, usually
More informationStudy on reduction behavior of molybdenum trioxide in molten steel
Indian Journal of Engineering & Materials Sciences Vol. 22, August 2015, pp. 460-464 Study on reduction behavior of molybdenum trioxide in molten steel Hangyu Zhu*, Jianli Li, Zhengliang Xue & Wei Wang
More informationBENEFIT OF GAS PURGING IN BOF AND EAF WITH A FOCUS ON MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND CO2 EMISSION REDUCTION.
76 BENEFIT OF GAS PURGING IN BOF AND EAF WITH A FOCUS ON MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND EMISSION REDUCTION. Thomas Kollmann, Marcus Kirschen, Christoph Jandl, Karl-Michael Zettl RHI AG, Vienna Abstract In highly
More informationTHERMODYNAMIC MODEL AND DATABASE FOR GASEOUS SPECIES IN MOLTEN OXIDE SLAGS
THERMODYNAMIC MODEL AND DATABASE FOR GASEOUS SPECIES IN MOLTEN OXIDE SLAGS Youn-Bae Kang & Arthur Pelton École Polytechnique, Canada ABSTRACT A thermodynamic model has been developed in the framework of
More informationTable of Contents. Preface...
Preface... xi Chapter 1. Metallurgical Thermochemistry... 1 1.1. Introduction... 1 1.2. Quantities characterizing the state of a system and its evolution... 3 1.2.1. The types of operations... 3 1.2.2.
More informationShaun Moss Mars Society Australia June 2006
Shaun Moss Mars Society Australia shaunmoss@yahoo.com.au June 2006 Steel is Good! Arguably the most useful material on Earth:! Cheap! Strong! Lightweight! Recyclable! Versatile! The basic material for
More informationImprovement in Hot-Metal Dephosphorization
Technical Report Improvement in Hot-Metal Dephosphorization UDC 669. 184. 244. 66 : 669. 046. 545. 2 Naoto SASAKI* Susumu MUKAWA Yuji OGAWA Ken-ichiro MIYAMOTO Abstract The converter-type hot metal pretreatment
More informationFIRST OPERATING EXPERIENCES WITH POST-COMBUSTION LANCES AT BOF SHOP LD3
JOACHIIM LEHNER 1, MARTIN.W. EGGER 1, HARALD. PANHOFER 1, MICHAEL.J. STRELBISKY 2 FIRST OPERATING EXPERIENCES WITH POST-COMBUSTION LANCES AT BOF SHOP LD3 Abstract The application of post-combustion (secondary
More informationDECARBURIZATION OF MOLTEN IRON UNDER REDUCED PRESSURE
Abstract DECARBURIZATION OF MOLTEN IRON UNDER REDUCED PRESSURE Anh-Hoa Bui, Thanh-Hai Le and Bao-Trung Nguyen School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology. No.
More informationMultilayer Perceptron to Model the Decarburization Process in Stainless Steel Production
Multilayer Perceptron to Model the Decarburization Process in Stainless Steel Production Carlos Spínola 1, Carlos J Gálvez-Fernández 1, José Muñoz-Pérez 2, José Mª Bonelo 3, Javier Jerrer 4, Julio Vizoso
More informationProduction of Iron and Steels
MME 131: Lecture 24 Production of Iron and Steels Prof. A.K.M.B. Rashid Department of MME BUET, Dhaka Topics to discuss 1. Importance of iron and steels 2. The smelting of iron in Blast Furnace 3. The
More informationTwinjection Technology Improves Hot Metal Desulphurisation at Corus Scunthorpe Works
Twinjection Technology Improves Hot Metal Desulphurisation at Corus Scunthorpe Works Dr. Robert Robey, Process Metallurgist, Mark Whitehead, Manager - Technical Sales, SMS Mevac UK Limited, Winsford, UK;
More informationIron Removal from Titanium Ore using Selective Chlorination and Effective Utilization of Chloride Wastes
Iron Removal from Titanium Ore using Selective Chlorination and Effective Utilization of Chloride Wastes Ryosuke Matsuoka 1 and Toru H. Okabe 2 1 Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
More informationTechnical possibilities to support separation of radioactive elements from metallic waste
Technical possibilities to support separation of radioactive elements from metallic waste Johan Björkvall 1, Guozhu Ye 1 and Maria Lindberg 2 1) Swerea MEFOS AB, Luleå Sweden 2) Studsvik Waste Treatment,
More informationEAF DUST TREATMENT FOR HIGH METAL RECOVERY MICHIO NAKAYAMA *
EAF DUST TREATMENT FOR HIGH METAL RECOVERY BY MICHIO NAKAYAMA * SYNOPSYS: Electric arc furnaces (EAF) generate much dust during operation, which contains very high percentages of zinc, lead, and iron,
More informationPhase change processes for material property manipulation BY PROF.A.CHANDRASHEKHAR
Phase change processes for material property manipulation BY PROF.A.CHANDRASHEKHAR Introduction The phase of a material is defined as a chemically and structurally homogeneous state of material. Any material
More informationSTUDIES ON DIRECT REDUCED IRON MELTING IN INDUCTION FURNACE
Trans. Indian Inst. Met. Vol.57, No. 5, October 2004, pp. 467-473 TP 1904 STUDIES ON DIRECT REDUCED IRON MELTING IN INDUCTION FURNACE S.K. Dutta, A.B. Lele and N.K. Pancholi Metallurgical Engg. Deptt.,
More informationInfluence of Steel Grade on Oxidation Rate of Molten Steel in Tundish
, pp. 831 840 Influence of Steel Grade on Oxidation Rate of Molten Steel in Tundish Katsuhiro SASAI and Akihiro MATSUZAWA Oita R & D Laboratories, Nippon Steel Corporation, 1 Oaza-Nishinosu, Oita, Oita-ken,
More informationSurface Tension of Liquid Fe-Ti Alloys at 1823K. Lee, Joonho; Kiyose, Akihito; Tanaka, Masayuki; Tanaka, Toshihiro.
tle uthor(s) Citation Surface Tension of Liquid Fe- lloys at 1823K Lee, Joonho; Kiyose, kihito; Tanaka, Masayuki; Tanaka, Toshihiro ISIJ International. 46(4) P.467-P.471 Issue Date 2006 Text Version publisher
More informationREDUCTION OF CHROMITE FINES IN SOLID STATE USING A MIXTURE OF GASES CONTAINING NATURAL GAS, HYDROGEN AND NITROGEN
REDUCTION OF CHROMITE FINES IN SOLID STATE USING A MIXTURE OF GASES CONTAINING NATURAL GAS, HYDROGEN AND NITROGEN C. N. Harman Director (Technical), Facor Alloys Ltd., Shreeramnagar-535 101(A.P.), India;
More information