37 th Annual Food Safety & Sanitation Workshop Don Jones. Basic Cleaning. Basic Cleaning

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2 What Is Sanitation Clean To Remove Soil from a Surface. Soil Any Unwanted, Undesirable Material on a Given Surface. Sanitizing The Treatment of a Cleaned Surface to Reduce Total Bacteria to a Safe Level. Types of Soils Organic Fat - Oils - Grease Protein - Starch

3 Types of Soils Inorganic Rust - Scale Types of Soils Combination: Stones Milkstone Beerstone Mineral Oil Stone

4 Chemistry of Cleaning If all soils were water soluble, we wouldn t need any cleaning agent besides water. Chemicals used to aid in cleaning: Acids and Alkalis ph ph is Defined as the Decimal Logarithm of the Reciprocal of the Hydrogen Ion Activity, a H +, in a Solution or the Potential of Hydrogen in a Numeric Scale.

5 The ph Scale The ph Scale Alkaline

6 Alkaline Cleaners Alkaline or Caustic Cleaners Remove Organic Soils Alkaline Cleaners Sodium Hydroxide - Potassium Hydroxide Sodium Carbonate Heat Activated

7 Alkaline Cleaners Additives Gluconate Glucoheptonates EDTA Hydrogen Peroxide Sodium Percarbonate Sodium Metasilicate Sodium Tripolyphosphate

8 Before After Degreaser Designed for Food Plants Soft Metal Safe Usually Low Alkalinity Buffered

9 The ph Scale Acid Acid Cleaners Acid Cleaners Remove Inorganic Soils

10 Acid Cleaners Phosphoric Acid Nitric Acid Sulfuric - Sulfamic - Citric Acid Cleaners

11 Sodium Hypochlorite Forms OCl (Hypochlorite ion) in Alkaline Solution Forms HOCl (Hypochlorous Acid in Neutral to Acidic Solution) Both Kill, HOCl is 80X more effective Role of Chlorine Chlorine used with an Alkaline Product: Removes Protein Just a Good Additive

12 Role of Chlorine During Cleaning Rinse - Rinse - Rinse The Pre-Rinse Removes 90% - 98% of the Gross Soils. Should be Ambient Temperature to 110º F, but not Hot Water. Reduces Cleaning Chemical Usage.

13 Principles of Cleaning These Factors are Interdependent of Each Other. Changing One Affects All of the Others. Time: of Contact Action: How Detergent is Applied to the Surface Concentration: of Chemical Temperature: of the Solution Time Time Availability Soil Type Soil Amount Process Temperature Equipment Being Cleaned

14 Action Action CIP COP Foam Cleaning High Pressure Cleaning Manual (Brush) Cleaning

15 Concentration Depends on Nature of the Soil: Chemical Type: Alkaline Acid Chlorinated Alkaline ph & Concentration Caustic ounces per gallon 1/8 1/2 1 ph Conc..137%.55% 1.1%

16 Test Test - Test Temperature Rule of Thumb Clean at 10 F Higher than Process Temperature. For every 18 F - 20 F Increase in Temperature Doubles the Activity of the Cleaner. Chlorinated Alkali Acid

17 TACT Cleaning Parameters are linked together. Use the Rule of Four to Audit Your Cleaning Operation Rule of 4

18 Time 4 x Action 4 x Concentration 4 x Temperature 4 = 256 = Clean Time 2 x Action 4 x Concentration 4 x Temperature 4 = 128 = Not Clean

19 Time 2 x Action 4 x Concentration 8 x Temperature 4 = 256 = Clean WINS

20 Water Individual

21 Nature of Soil Know the Soil Deposit Checklist Troubleshooting Cleaning Issues is On-Going Soil Deposit Check List Film / Deposit Protein Milkstone / Beerstone Fat Mineral Iron Silica Black Factory Soil Corrosion / Etching Description Blue or Rainbow Colors White to Yellow to Brown Hanging Water Droplets, Greasy Appearance White Chalky Look, Sometimes Grey Red to Brown White to Grey Glazed Appearance Black from Rubber Parts Grease, Factory Dirt / Rust Rust or Pitting

22 Surface Surface Cycle Pre-Rinse Alkaline Wash Rinse Acid (Wash or Rinse) Rinse Sanitize Inspect

23 Environmental Sanitation Why Clean Everywhere? Environmental Sanitation What is Environmental Sanitation? Cleaning the Outside: Process Equipment, Tanks / Silos, Floors, Walls, Ceilings & Drains! - Manual Cleaning - Foam Cleaning - Housekeeping

24 Multiplication of Bacteria Rate of Reproduction: In favorable conditions fission of bacteria can occur at intervals of minutes. Theoretically, the pattern of reproduction should be as follows: After 1/2 hour - 2 cells After 1 hour - 4 cells After 1-1/2 hours - 8 cells After 2 hours - 16 cells After 11 hours - 10 million cells Get Them Before They Grow They Need: Food Water Temperature It is Our Job to Control the Environment!

25 Where Is the Greatest Risk Potential Sources of Microbial Growth - Facility Drains Floors - Walls - Ceilings Air Supply & Handling Systems Rework Cooling Units & Drip Pans Conveyor Systems Fork Lifts, Dumpsters / Trash Chill Water Hoses: Water & Air Employee Practices

26 Contamination Threats: Equipment Know Where All of Your Problem Areas Are and Inspect Daily. Some Plants Add an Appendix of Known Hard to Clean Areas to the SSOP s Foam Cleaning

27 Foam Cleaning Procedures Do s! Wear Proper Safety Equipment Cover All Electrical Equipment Rinse Thoroughly All Gross Soils Follow Foam Mixing Procedures Look: Over 7 & Under 2 Foam From the Bottom Up Rinse From the Top Down Foam Small Sections at a Time Foam Cleaning Procedures Don ts! Do Not Foam Hot Surfaces Do Not Allow Foam to Dry Do not Apply to Electrical Panels, Outlets, Boxes or Meters Do Not Mix at High Temperatures (< 130º F) Do Not Apply Thicker Than 1

28 BRUSH POLICY Brushes are COLOR-CODED! White Brushes: Food Contact Surfaces Yellow Brushes: Non-Food Contact Surfaces Red Brushes: Raw Contact Surfaces Black Brushes: Floors and Drains Color Coding for Cleaning Brushes WHITE BRISTLE BRUSHES YELLOW BRISTLE BRUSHES To be Used on Pasteurized or RTE Food Contact Surfaces Only. White Bristle Brushes are Never to be Put Directly on the Floor. To be Used on Pasteurized or RTE Non-Food Contact Surfaces Only. RED BRISTLE BRUSHES To be Used on Raw Product Areas Only. BLACK BRISTLE BRUSHES To be Used for Floors & Drain Cleaning Only. Each Color of Brush Must be Kept Separate From the Other. Brushes Must be Clean and Kept in Good Condition at All Times. No Loose Bristles.

29 Color Coded Brushes Color Coding for Cleaning Chemical Pails GREEN PAILS: FOR NEUTRAL CLEANERS ONLY Neutral Cleaning Chemicals BLUE PAILS: FOR NON-CHLORINATTED ALKALINE CLEANERS ONLY Non-Chlorinated Alkaline Cleaning Chemicals YELLOW PAILS: FOR CHLORINATED CHEMICALS & CLEANERS ONLY Chlorinated Cleaners and Sanitizers DANGER! NEVER MIX YELLOW (CHLORINATED) WITH RED (ACIDS). CHLORINE GAS WILL RESULT THAT CAN CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY. RED PAILS: FOR ACID CHEMICALS & CLEANERS ONLY Acid Cleaners and Sanitizers DANGER! NEVER MIX RED (ACIDS) WITH YELLOW (CHLORINATED). CHLORINE GAS WILL RESULT THAT CAN CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY BLACK PAILS: FOR DRAIN CONTACT ONLY CLEANING CHEMICALS

30 Bucket & Brushes Use the Right Tools for the Job! Color Coded Brushes / Buckets Black Drain Brushes Green Pads on Floor (Ouch!!) What s Wrong Here? Contact Information Donald Jones djones@foamit.com or djones@clean-logix.com