Nondestructive Testing of Defects in Additive Manufacturing Titanium Alloy Components

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Nondestructive Testing of Defects in Additive Manufacturing Titanium Alloy Components"

Transcription

1 Nondestructive Testing of Defects in Additive Manufacturing Titanium Alloy Components P. H. Yang 1, 2, 3, X. X. Gao 1, 2, 3, J. Liang 1, 2, 3, Y. W. Shi 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3, N. Xu 1 AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautica l Materia ls, Beijing, China More info about this article: 2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials Testing and Evaluation, Beijing, China 3 Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aeronautica l Materia ls Testing and Evaluation, Beijing, China Abstract yangpinghua@126.com TC11 titanium alloy deposited by laser additive manufacturing (LAM) method was experimentally investigated. Relationship between microstructures and ultrasonic testing results was developed, and characteristics of defects were determined on the basis of metallography and NDT results. Detection capability of different NDT methods was analyzed, as well. The results show that gas pore is one of the main defect types in LAM components. The optimum direction for ultrasonic testing is along the deposition direction. Quantitative results of defects determined through ultrasonic testing are greater than their real sizes. Detection capability of radiographic testing is affected by the thickness of specimens and the defect types significantly. Keywords: Additive manufacturing, Nondestructive testing, Defect 1 Introduction Laser additive manufacturing (LAM) is a near-net-shape manufacturing method, which using alloy powder or wire as raw material, laser or electron beam as heat source, and experiences rapid melting and solidification of metal materials layer by layer [1-3]. Compared with traditional subtractive manufacturing processes, LAM has many advantages as follows: parts can be made easily ondemand for customization and personalization, no need for special tooling existence in part fabrication, material waste is greatly reduced, the time and cost of manufacturing can be reduced significantly for individualized parts and small-quantity productions, novel components and structures of complex geometries can be fabricated without difficulty, etc. Therefore, LAM is especially suitable for low-cost and short-cycle prototyping of products, such as large and complex metal structure utilizing for aircraft, spacecraft, missiles, satellites and other aerospace defence equipments [4-6]. LAM combines the process for preparing the material and forming the part together, the manufacturing process is entirely different from traditional metal components. Therefore, the microstructure and defects that may arise in LAM components are especially different from forgings and castings [7-9]. Thus, simply copying the NDT methods for forgings or castings, will certainly bring some hidden troubles to the safety and reliability of components, some novel NDT methods suit for LAM components should be developed as soon as possible. [ID 120] 1

2 Several research on NDT methods of LAM components has been carried out in research institutions and enterprises such as NASA, GE, IZFP, MTU, TWI, BIAM, etc, and some achievements have also been made [10-13]. Even so, research on NDT of LAM components is still lack of systematization, and the influence of microstructure on NDT of LAM, as well as the detection ability of different NDT methods are not yet clearly. Experimental research was carried out on TC11 titanium alloy deposited by LAM in this work. Relationship between microstructure of different deposition directions and ultrasonic testing results was developed. Detection ability of different NDT methods, as well as the influence factors of detection ability were analyzed on the basis of ultrasonic testing, radiographic testing and metallography results. The results are of great reference value to the selection of NDT method for LAM components. 2 Experimental 2.1 Specimen Preparation To analyze the relationship between microstructures and ultrasonic testing results, a LAM TC11 titanium alloy specimen was fabricated by direct deposition method. The specimen dimensions are 60 mm(x) 60 mm(y) 60 mm(z), where X represents the index direction of high energy beam, Y is the scan direction of high energy beam, and Z is the deposition direction (see Fig.1). Fig.1 Schematic of the directions in additive manufacturing A 10MHz immersion focusing probe was used to test the LAM TC11 titanium alloy material. The diameter and focus length of the probe are 11 mm and 89 mm, respectively. USIP40 ultrasonic flaw detector and SM-J6B-300 scanner were used, as well. Then, typical defects were selected according to the obtained C-scan images, and 12 rectangular specimens with defects were prepared. The sizes of [ID 120] 2

3 the specimens are 20 mm(x) 20 mm(y) 28 mm(z) or 30 mm(x) 30 mm(y) 28 mm(z), as shown in Fig.2. These specimens will be used to develop experiments of different NDT methods and metallographic analysis. Fig.2 LAM TC11 titanium alloy specimens with defects 2.2 Experiment Methods Back-wall echo monitoring method was performed on LAM TC11 titanium alloy specimen with sizes of 60 mm(x) 60 mm(y) 60 mm(z), by using the same probe and detection system as mentioned in section 2.1. The incident directions of ultrasonic beam were X, Y and Z direction, respectively. The difference of attenuation obtained by back-wall echoes in different deposition directions were analyzed according to the obtained C-scan images. Then, the specimen was etched in a mixed solution of 100 ml H 2 O, l~3 ml HF and 2~6 ml HNO 3. Finally, microstructures in different deposition directions were carefully observed and recorded by stereo microscope (SZ61), and the relationship between C-scan image of back-wall echo and the microstructure of LAM components was analysed. C-scan images of specimens with defect as shown in Fig.2 were obtained, by using the same probe and detection system as mentioned in section 2.1. The incident directions of ultrasonic beam were X, Y and Z direction respectively. Then, X-ray testing along deposition direction was performed on the specimens in Fig.2, by ISOVOLT 450 X-ray flaw detector. Another X-ray testing was performed again after thinning the specimens. The influence of thickness on X-ray testing was investigated by comparison of the two X-ray testing results. Finally, the specimens were machined by wire electrical discharge machining according to the defect location determined by ultrasonic testing, and the defects were exposed to the surface of the specimens by repeated grinding. Observation of defect appearance, as well as precise measurement of defect sizes were performed on SZ61 microscope. The difference between actual size of defects and the quantitative results of ultrasonic testing was compared as well. [ID 120] 3

4 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 NDT and Microstructure of LAM Components The C-scan images of back-wall echo in different deposition directions of LAM TC11 component are shown in Figs.3 (a) to (c). It can be seen that the attenuation of back-wall echo is not uniform in any one direction, which has a banding distribution in X and Y directions, and a spotty distribution in Z direction. The attenuation variation of back-wall echo at different area of Z direction is greater than which in X and Y directions. The microstructure of different directions is shown in Figs.3 (d) to (f). As shown in Fig.3, for LAM TC11 component, the difference of microstructure in different deposition directions is obvious. The microstructures of Y-Z and X-Z planes are similar, which all contain columnar grains and layer bandings spaced regularly. The columnar grains grow continuously across the layer bandings along the deposition direction. However, in the X-Y plane, it can be observed that several clean grains and fuzzy grains distributed uneven, and the overlap between scanning beam, as well as columnar grains can not be observed. Microstructure and C-scan images of back-wall echo have a good correspondence. It can be seen from above results that, the microstructure of LAM component in different directions is disparate and has obvious directivity, which will affect ultrasonic testing greatly. Therefore, it is necessary to develop specialized ultrasonic testing methods for LAM components. Y Z Z X Y X (a) Z direction (X-Y plane) (b) X direction (Y-Z plane) (c) Y direction (X-Z plane) Y Z Z X 5mm Y 5mm X 5mm (d) X-Y plane (e) Y-Z plane (f) X-Z plane Fig.3 Back-wall echo monitoring C-scan and microstructure of LAM TC11 titanium alloy [ID 120] 4

5 3.2 NDT and Defects of LAM Components Ultrasonic Testing of Defects Fig.4 and Fig.5 show C-scan results of specimens with defect as shown in Fig.2. The ultrasonic incident directions are along X, Y and Z direction respectively. For the page limitation of this thesis, we only list C-scan images of 3# and 4# in this paper. Ultrasonic quantitative results of defect in all specimens are shown in Table 1. (a) Z direction (b) X direction (c) Y direction Fig.4 C-scan images of 3# (a) Z direction (b) X direction (c) Y direction Fig.5 C-scan images of 4# Specimen Depth of Z direction Ultrasonic quantitative results note 1 (mm) number (mm) Z direction X direction Y direction 1# Φ0.48 Φ0.41 Φ0.35 2# Φ0.44 Φ0.36 Φ0.27 3# 4.74 Φ0.44 Φ0.28 Φ0.38 4# 18.6 Φ1.1 Φ0.44 Φ0.36 5# 17 Φ0.49 Φ0.38 Φ0.30 6# Φ0.42 Φ0.32 Φ0.34 7# 10.4 Φ1.1 Φ0.62 Φ0.45 8# Φ0.64 Φ0.32 Φ0.29 9# Φ0.53 Φ0.34 Φ # Φ0.90 Φ0.35 Φ # 8.25 Φ0.82 Φ0.34 Φ # Φ0.52 Φ0.32 Φ0.32 Note1:Ultrasonic quantitative results in Table 1 are converted from amplitude of reflection echo. Table 1 Ultrasonic quantitative results of defects by different beam incident directions [ID 120] 5

6 As shown in Table 1, ultrasonic quantitative results for the same defect are various considerably in different beam incident directions. When ultrasonic beam incidents along the deposition direction (Z direction), the ultrasonic quantitative results are maximum in all defective specimens. Especially for the defect in 4 #, 7 #, 8 #, 10 # and 11 #, the equivalent sizes along the deposition direction (Z direction) are larger than the sizes perpendicular to deposition direction (X direction, Y direction) more than 1 times Radiographic Testing of Defects In order to analyze the effect of thickness on the radiographic testing capability, the specimens of LAM TC11 titanium alloy were subjected to X-ray testing along Z direction, the X-ray testing was performed twice when the specimen thickness is 28mm and after thinning, respectively. Table 2 gives X-ray testing results of the defective specimens.. Depth of Z Ultrasonic testing X-ray testing results Specimen direction results of Z direction First X-ray testing Second X-ray testing number (mm) (mm) (thickness:28 mm) (after thinning) 1# Φ0.48 High density inclusion,size: Φ0.1~0.5mm(thickness:20 mm) 2# Φ0.44 High density inclusion,size: Φ0.1~0.5mm(thickness:22 mm) 3# 4.74 Φ0.44 High density inclusion,size: Φ0.1~0.3mm(thickness:20 mm) 4# 18.6 Φ1.1 (thickness:19 mm) 5# 17 Φ0.49 (thickness:17.5 mm) 6# Φ0.42 (thickness:25 mm) 7# 10.4 Φ1.1 Gas pore / 8# Φ0.64 Gas pore (thickness:16.5 mm) 9# Φ0.53 Gas pore (thickness:14.5 mm) 10# Φ0.90 (thickness:26 mm) 11# 8.25 Φ0.82 (thickness:20 mm) 12# Φ0.52 (thickness:15 mm) Note: presents not detected Table 2 X-ray testing results of defective specimens As shown in Table 2, the gas pore size can be detected by X-ray is Φ 1.1 mm when the specimen thickness is 28 mm, while Φ mm when the thickness reduce to 14.5~16.5 mm. The defect sizes mentioned above are all ultrasonic equivalent sizes. It can be seen that, material thickness will have a significant impact on detection sensitivity for X-ray testing. [ID 120] 6

7 It can be seen from Table 2 that, for specimens 1#, 2#, 3#, 4# and 11# with thickness of about 20 mm, the smaller defect in specimens 1# to 3# were detected by X-ray testing, while the greater defect in specimen 4# and 11# were not detected. The phenomenon can be explained utilizing the X-ray films obtained, the indications in specimens 1# to 3# are clearly different from other specimens in the films, which are light and dot display scattered throughout the whole specimen, while the indications detected in other specimens are all single black dot. Therefore, the defect type of specimens 1# to 3# determined by X-ray testing are high-density inclusion defects, which are different from other specimens. In summary, the detection ability of X-ray method is also related to defect types, and the detection sensitivity of X-ray testing for high density inclusion is higher than other types of defect Metallography of Typical Defects Fig.6 shows metallographic photographs of typical defective specimens. It shows that the defect morphology is spherical or quasi-spherical, and the defect type is gas pore in all specimens except 1#. From the energy spectrum analysis result of specimen 1# as shown in Fig.7, we could identify that the defect was tungsten inclusion. Actual sizes of defect measured on metallographic photographs are shown in Table 3. (a) 1# (b) 2# (c) 3# (d) 4# (e) 5# (f) 8# [ID 120] 7

8 (g) 10# (h) 11# (i) 12# Fig. 6 Metallographic photographs of typical defective specimens Fig. 7 Energy spectrum analysis of 1# (tungsten inclusion) 3.3 Comparison of Testing Results by Different Methods Ultrasonic testing, X-ray testing and metallographic results of defects are listed in Table 3. It can found that ultrasonic testing results of defects in LAM TC11 titanium alloy are generally greater than the size measured on metallographic photograph directly. While, according to the theory of ultrasonic testing, the equivalent size of defects should be smaller than the actual size. The experiment result is not compliance with that of theory, and the possible reasons are as follows: 1) the defect size estimated by ultrasonic testing is based on a simplified formula of reflection of a round plat defect, which assumes a long distance between probe and defect and a very small defect size relative to the beam diameter. In this test, the used transducer has a small focusing diameter comparable to the defect size, which leads to a quantitative error. 2) it shows that, the smaller the actual size of defect is, the greater the quantitative error is. This may due to the too small ratio of defect and wavelength (approaching 1:10). 3) it is difficult to ensure the cross section polished and observed is the one with maximum defect size, which will also lead to smaller actual size than equivalent size. 4) it is hard to distinguish small defects close to each other in ultrasonic testing. Therefore, multiple dense defects are generally quantified as a single large defect, which will result in an excessive quantification of the defect size. For instance, the dense gas pores in specimen 4#. [ID 120] 8

9 Specimen number Depth of Z direction (mm) Ultrasonic testing results note 1 (mm) X-ray testing results actual size measured by metallographic (mm) Defect type note 2 by metallographic 1# Φ0.48 High density inclusion, tungsten size: Φ0.1~0.5mm inclusion 2# Φ0.44 High density inclusion, Φ0.043 Gas pore size: Φ0.1~0.5mm 3# 4.74 Φ0.44 High density inclusion, Φ0.15 Gas pore size: Φ0.1~0.3mm 4# 18.6 Φ1.1 Not detected Φ0.093,Φ0.085 各 1 个 dense gas pores 5# 17 Φ0.49 Not detected Φ0.084 Gas pore 8# Φ0.6 Gas pore Gas pore 10# Φ0.9 Not detected Φ0.035 Gas pore 11# 8.25 Φ0.8 Not detected Φ0.067 Gas pore 12# Φ0.6 Not detected Φ0.14 Gas pore Note 1: A 10MHz focus probe is used to quantitative the defect, and the water distance is 50 mm. Ultrasonic quantitative results in table 3 are converted from amplitude of reflection echo. Note 2: Specimens 2# and 3# have more than one types of defects in each. Table 3 Comparison of testing results by different methods From the defect type obtained by metallographic in Table 3, it can be seen that the defect in all the specimens is gas pore except for specimen 1#. For volume defects such as gas pore, the defect size in different directions are almost the same, so the equivalent size of the defect in different directions should be basically the same. While, the ultrasonic testing results in Table 1 are on the contrary, especially for specimens 4#, 7#, 8#, 10# and 11#, the equivalent sizes along the deposition direction (Z direction) are larger than the sizes perpendicular to deposition direction (X direction, Y direction) more than 1 times. Based on the built relationship between NDT and microstructure of LAM components in section 3.1, it can be seen that the difference of microstructure in different directions will affect the defect equivalent size of LAM component greatly. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the influence of microstructure when selecting ultrasonic incident direction. The optimum incident direction of ultrasonic beam for LAM TC11 component is along the deposition direction. It can be seen in Table 3 that, part of the defect type obtained by metallographic and X-ray methods is different (such as specimens 2# and 3#). The defect type is gas pore according to metallographic result based on ultrasonic, while it is high-density inclusion according to X-ray testing. The reasons maybe as follows: the metallographic result is obtained by one of the cross sections of the specimen, and the depth of the cross section is determined by ultrasonic testing result. While, X-ray result is a [ID 120] 9

10 superposition of the projection for all the cross-sections of the specimen. Specimens 2# and 3# have more than one defects in each, and ultrasonic testing detected the gas pore in specimens, while X-ray testing detected high-density inclusion in them. The experiment result above also shows that, for gas pore defect, the detection ability of ultrasonic testing is superior to X-ray testing, while high-density inclusion is on the contrary. 4 Conclusions (1) Microstructure of LAM component in different directions is variation and has obvious directivity. Microstructure and C-scan images of back-wall echo have a good correspondence. (2) Gas pore is one of the main defect types in LAM components. Quantitative results of gas pore determined by ultrasonic testing are greater than their actual sizes. (3) For LAM TC11 component, the optimum incident direction of ultrasonic beam is along the deposition direction. (4) Detection ability of X-ray testing is affected by the thickness of components greatly. For highdensity inclusion defect, the detection ability of X-ray testing is superior to ultrasonic testing, while gas pore is on the contrary. Acknowledgement This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No ). References [1] H. M. Wang, S. Q. Zhang and X. M. Wang. Progress and Challenges of Laser Direct Manufacturing of Large Titanium Structural Components, Chinese Journal of Lasers, vol. 36, no. 12, pp , Dec, [2] H. Yong et al. Additive Manufacturing: Current State, Future Potential, Gaps and Needs, and Recommendations, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, vol. 137, pp. 1-10, Feb, [3] C. K. Chua,S. M. Chou,T. S. Wong. A Study of the State-of-the-Art Rapid Prototyping Technologies, Int J Adv Manuf Technol, no. 14, pp , [4] H. M. Wang. Materials Fundamental Issues of Laser Additive Manufacturing for High- Performance Large Metallic Components, Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, vol. 35, no. 10, pp , Oct, [5] S. L. Gong. Application of High Power Beam Processing Technology in Aero Engine, Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, no. 9, pp , May, [ID 120] 10

11 [6] Y. Q. Wang, J. X. Shen, H. Q. Wu. Application and Research Status of Alternative Materials for 3D-Printing Technology, Journal of Aeronautical Materials, vol. 36, no. 4, pp , [7] S. J. Li et al. Compression Fatigue Behavior of Ti 6Al 4V Mesh Arrays Fabricated by Electron Beam Melting, Acta Material, vol. 60, pp , [8] Y. N. Yan, R. J. Zhang, F Lin. New Progress of Laser Rapid Prototyping Technology, New Technology & New Process, no. 9, pp. 7-9, [9] F. Y. Zhang et al. Research on Forming Mechanism of Defects in Laser Rapid Formed Titanium Alloy, Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, vol. 36, no. 2, pp , Feb, [10] J. M. Waller et al. Summary of NDE of Additive Manufacturing Efforts in NASA, AIP Conference Proceedings, no. 1650, pp , [11] J. Bamberg et al. Overview of Additive Manufacturing Activities at MTU Aero Engines, AIP Conference Proceedings, no. 1650, pp , [12] L. Koester et al. Additive Manufacturing Metrology: State of the Art and Needs Assessment, AIP Conference Proceedings, no. 1706, pp. 1-8, [13] P. H. Yang et al. Experimental Research on Ultrasonic Characteristics of TC18 Additive Manufacturing Titanium Alloy, Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, no. 5, pp , Mar, [ID 120] 11

INVESTIGATIONS ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POROSITY AND ULTRASONIC ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT IN CFRP LAMINATES BASED ON RMVM

INVESTIGATIONS ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POROSITY AND ULTRASONIC ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT IN CFRP LAMINATES BASED ON RMVM 7 th International Symposium on NDT in Aerospace Mo.5.A.1 More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=18925 INVESTIGATIONS ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POROSITY AND ULTRASONIC ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT

More information

Metallurgical Defect: Manufacturing of a Reference Specimen for NDE Studies

Metallurgical Defect: Manufacturing of a Reference Specimen for NDE Studies 13th International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials (NDCM-XIII), 20-24 May 2013, Le Mans, France www.ndt.net/?id=15501 More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=15501 Metallurgical

More information

ON- AND OFF-LINE ULTRASONIC INSPECTIONS TO CHARACTERIZE COMPONENTS BUILD BY SLM ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

ON- AND OFF-LINE ULTRASONIC INSPECTIONS TO CHARACTERIZE COMPONENTS BUILD BY SLM ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 7 th International Symposium on NDT in Aerospace Mo.5.A.8 More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=18931 ON- AND OFF-LINE ULTRASONIC INSPECTIONS TO CHARACTERIZE COMPONENTS BUILD BY SLM ADDITIVE

More information

Ultrasonic inspection of small pores within electron beam welded titanium alloys and their influence on the fatigue properties

Ultrasonic inspection of small pores within electron beam welded titanium alloys and their influence on the fatigue properties 19 th World Conference on Non-Destructive Testing 2016 Ultrasonic inspection of small pores within electron beam welded titanium alloys and their influence on the fatigue properties Jing Liang 1 Zhengxiao

More information

Laser Additive Manufacturing as a Key Enabler for the Manufacture of Next Generation Jet Engine Components - Technology Push

Laser Additive Manufacturing as a Key Enabler for the Manufacture of Next Generation Jet Engine Components - Technology Push Laser Additive Manufacturing as a Key Enabler for the Manufacture of Next Generation Jet Engine Components - Technology Push EU Project Merlin New Challenges and Perspectives for LAM Processes Carl Hauser,

More information

On- and Offline Ultrasonic Inspection of Additively Manufactured Components

On- and Offline Ultrasonic Inspection of Additively Manufactured Components 19 th World Conference on Non-Destructive Testing 2016 On- and Offline Ultrasonic Inspection of Additively Manufactured Components Hans RIEDER 1, Martin SPIES 1, Joachim BAMBERG 2, Benjamin HENKEL 2 1

More information

Technologies for reliable titanium alloy forgings focusing on ultrasonic inspection in aerospace industry

Technologies for reliable titanium alloy forgings focusing on ultrasonic inspection in aerospace industry Technologies for reliable titanium alloy forgings focusing on ultrasonic inspection in aerospace industry Yoshinori Ito, Hiroyuki Takamatsu and Keiji Kinoshita Kobe Steel, Ltd. 1 Outline of aerospace sector

More information

In-Process Inspection of Selective Laser Melting by Quantitative Optical Tomography

In-Process Inspection of Selective Laser Melting by Quantitative Optical Tomography In-Process Inspection of Selective Laser Melting by Quantitative Optical Tomography A. Ladewig, J. Bamberg, G. Zenzinger, 42. MPA-Seminar, October 5th 2016 1 Outline Selective Laser Melting Quality Assurance

More information

Forging Condition for Removing Porosities in the Hybrid Casting and Forging Process of 7075 Aluminum Alloy Casting

Forging Condition for Removing Porosities in the Hybrid Casting and Forging Process of 7075 Aluminum Alloy Casting Materials Transactions, Vol. 45, No. 6 (2004) pp. 1886 to 1890 #2004 The Japan Institute of Metals Forging Condition for Removing Porosities in the Hybrid Casting and Forging Process of 7075 Aluminum Alloy

More information

Higher Harmonic Imaging of Crack Surfaces of SCC in Dissimilar Metal Weld with Ni-based Alloy and Fatigue Crack in Cast Stainless Steel

Higher Harmonic Imaging of Crack Surfaces of SCC in Dissimilar Metal Weld with Ni-based Alloy and Fatigue Crack in Cast Stainless Steel 19 th World Conference on Non-Destructive Testing 2016 Higher Harmonic Imaging of Crack Surfaces of SCC in Dissimilar Metal Weld with Ni-based Alloy and Fatigue Crack in Cast Stainless Steel Hitoshi ISHIDA

More information

Design and fabrication of functionally graded components by selective laser melting. C. N. Sun*#, S. Y. Choy*+, K. F. Leong*+, J.

Design and fabrication of functionally graded components by selective laser melting. C. N. Sun*#, S. Y. Choy*+, K. F. Leong*+, J. Solid Freeform Fabrication 216: Proceedings of the 26th 27th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium An Additive Manufacturing Conference Design and fabrication of functionally graded

More information

The Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inconel 718 Fine Grain Ring Forging

The Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inconel 718 Fine Grain Ring Forging The Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inconel 718 Fine Grain Ring Forging Zixing Wang 1, Dianhua Zhou 1, Qun Deng 2, Guosheng Chen 1, Wei Xie 1 1 Special Steel R & D Center of Special Steel Business

More information

Enhancement Surface Mechanical Properties of 2024 Al-Alloys Using Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser Cladding

Enhancement Surface Mechanical Properties of 2024 Al-Alloys Using Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser Cladding Enhancement Surface Mechanical Properties of 2024 Al-Alloys Using Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser Cladding 1 1 2 Raid M.HadiP P, Mahmoad Sh. MahmoadP P and Ali H.AbdalhadiP Institute of laser for postgraduate studies,

More information

Surface Modification of AISI 1020 Steel with TiC Coating by TIG Cladding Process

Surface Modification of AISI 1020 Steel with TiC Coating by TIG Cladding Process Surface Modification of AISI 1020 Steel with TiC Coating by TIG Cladding Process Supriya Shashikant Patil 1 Dr. Sachin K Patil 2 1 PG Student, Production Engineering Department, ajarambapu Institute of

More information

GB/T Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB/T NATIONAL STANDARD OF

GB/T Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB/T NATIONAL STANDARD OF Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB/T13810-2007 www.chinesestandard.net Sales@ChineseStandard.net GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 77.150.50 H 64 GB/T 13810-2007 Replacing

More information

W.J. Murri, B.W. Sermon, R.N. Andersen L.A. Martinez, E.J. VanderHeiden, and C.A. Garner

W.J. Murri, B.W. Sermon, R.N. Andersen L.A. Martinez, E.J. VanderHeiden, and C.A. Garner DEFECTS IN THICK COMPOSITES AND SOME METHODS TO LOCATE THEM W.J. Murri, B.W. Sermon, R.N. Andersen L.A. Martinez, E.J. VanderHeiden, and C.A. Garner Advanced Methods Group, Physics Division Hercules Inc.

More information

NOVEL NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION TECHNIQUES FOR

NOVEL NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION TECHNIQUES FOR NOVEL NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION TECHNIQUES FOR INERTIA-FRICTION WELDS IN A SiC-REINFORCED HIGH-TEMPERATURE ALUMINUM ALLOY Peter B. Nagy, Laszlo Adler and William A. Baeslack III Department of Industrial,

More information

POROSITY DEVELOPMENT AND CRACKING BEHAVIOR OF Al-Zn-Mg-Cu ALLOYS FABRICATED BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING

POROSITY DEVELOPMENT AND CRACKING BEHAVIOR OF Al-Zn-Mg-Cu ALLOYS FABRICATED BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING Solid Freeform Fabrication 2017: Proceedings of the 28th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium An Additive Manufacturing Conference POROSITY DEVELOPMENT AND CRACKING BEHAVIOR OF Al-Zn-Mg-Cu

More information

Ciorau, P. Ontario Power Generation Canada

Ciorau, P. Ontario Power Generation Canada Contribution to Crack Sizing by Phased Array Ultrasonic Techniques. Part 2: Comparison with Optical, Magnetic Particles, Fracture Mechanics and Metallography for Last Significant Crack Tip. Ciorau, P.

More information

Effects of Ar and He on Microstructures and Properties of Laser Welded 800MPa TRIP Steel

Effects of Ar and He on Microstructures and Properties of Laser Welded 800MPa TRIP Steel Effects of Ar and He on Microstructures and Properties of Laser Welded 800MPa TRIP Steel Wen-Quan Wang 1,, Shu-Cheng Dong 1, Fan Jiang 1, and Ming Cao 1 1 School of Material Science and Engineering, Jilin

More information

Nondestructive Testing

Nondestructive Testing Nondestructive Testing Prof. A.K.M.B. Rashid Department of MME BUET, Dhaka Nondestructive inspections fundamentals Classification of nondestructive inspections Radiographic inspection Magnetic particle

More information

LASIMM - AM production of large scale engineering structures

LASIMM - AM production of large scale engineering structures LASIMM - AM production of large scale engineering structures E. Assunção 1, L. Quintino 1, F. Martina 2, S. Williams 2, I. Pires 3, A. Lopez 3 1 EWF European Federation for Welding, Joining and Cutting

More information

National standard of the People's Republic of China. GB/T Replace: GB/T Steel Forgings - Method for Ultrasonic Examination

National standard of the People's Republic of China. GB/T Replace: GB/T Steel Forgings - Method for Ultrasonic Examination National standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T 6402-91 Replace: GB/T 6402-86 Steel Forgings - Method for Ultrasonic Examination Approved by the State Technical Supervision Bureau on Dec. 13,

More information

Al_Rafidain engineering Vol.13 No

Al_Rafidain engineering Vol.13 No Ultrasonic Defect Sizing in Grey Cast Iron Compared with Steel, Using the Maximum Echo Amplitude Technique. Dr. S. I. Ibrahim Mech. Eng. Dept. /College of Engineering /Mosul University Abstract: In ultrasonic

More information

Enhanced Inspection Capability for Specific Applications using phased array ultrasonics

Enhanced Inspection Capability for Specific Applications using phased array ultrasonics Malaysia NDT Conference November 2015 Enhanced Inspection Capability for Specific Applications using phased array ultrasonics Fredrik Hagglund Channa Nageswaran Lu Zhao John Rudlin Content Plastic Pipe

More information

DEPENDENCE of MICROSTRUCTURE and MECHANICAL PROPERTIES on HEAT TREAT CYCLES of ELECTRON BEAM MELTED Ti-6Al-4V

DEPENDENCE of MICROSTRUCTURE and MECHANICAL PROPERTIES on HEAT TREAT CYCLES of ELECTRON BEAM MELTED Ti-6Al-4V Solid Freeform Fabrication 2016: Proceedings of the 26th 27th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium An Additive Manufacturing Conference DEPENDENCE of MICROSTRUCTURE and MECHANICAL

More information

A short study on the fabrication of single track deposits in SLM and characterization

A short study on the fabrication of single track deposits in SLM and characterization Solid Freeform Fabrication 2016: Proceedings of the 26th 27th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium An Additive Manufacturing Conference A short study on the fabrication of single track

More information

A Novel NDT Method for Measuring Thickness of Brush-Electroplated. Nickel Coating on Ferrous Metal Sueface

A Novel NDT Method for Measuring Thickness of Brush-Electroplated. Nickel Coating on Ferrous Metal Sueface 17th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing, 25-28 Oct 2008, Shanghai, China A Novel NDT Method for Measuring Thickness of Brush-Electroplated Nickel Coating on Ferrous Metal Sueface Shiyun DONG 1,

More information

The Influence of Grain Size of Dissimilar Welding between Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel on Ultrasonic Testing

The Influence of Grain Size of Dissimilar Welding between Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel on Ultrasonic Testing International Conference on Test, Measurement and Computational Method (TMCM 2015) The Influence of Grain Size of Dissimilar Welding between Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel on Ultrasonic Testing Kwanruethai

More information

XCT to assess defects in titanium ALM parts

XCT to assess defects in titanium ALM parts XCT to assess defects in titanium ALM parts Effects of geometry and build direction Fabien Léonard 1, Samuel Tammas-Williams 1, Philip Prangnell 1, Iain Todd 2, Philip J. Withers 1 1 Henry Moseley X-ray

More information

ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING FOR SUPERALLOYS PRODUCIBILITY AND COST

ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING FOR SUPERALLOYS PRODUCIBILITY AND COST ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING FOR SUPERALLOYS PRODUCIBILITY AND COST James Moor 1, Andrew Debiccari 1, Benjamin Lagow 2, Sudhir Tewari 3, Mary Kinsella 4 1 Pratt & Whitney 400 Main St., East Hartford, CT 06108

More information

Carnegie Mellon MRSEC

Carnegie Mellon MRSEC Carnegie Mellon MRSEC Texture, Microstructure & Anisotropy, Fall 2009 A.D. Rollett, P. Kalu 1 ELECTRONS SEM-based TEM-based Koseel ECP EBSD SADP Kikuchi Different types of microtexture techniques for obtaining

More information

Experimental Study of Round Steel Damage Caused by Lightning

Experimental Study of Round Steel Damage Caused by Lightning 2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China Experimental Study of Round Steel Damage Caused by Lightning Liang-fu LI Chongqing Meteorological Bureau Chongqing Engineering

More information

CHARACTERIZATION OF THIN WALLED Ti-6Al-4V COMPONENTS PRODUCED VIA ELECTRON BEAM MELTING

CHARACTERIZATION OF THIN WALLED Ti-6Al-4V COMPONENTS PRODUCED VIA ELECTRON BEAM MELTING CHARACTERIZATION OF THIN WALLED Ti-6Al-4V COMPONENTS PRODUCED VIA ELECTRON BEAM MELTING Denis Cormier, Harvey West, Ola Harrysson, and Kyle Knowlson North Carolina State University Department of Industrial

More information

STUDY OF PROCESS PARAMETERS IN FRICTION STIR WELDING OF DISSIMILAR ALUMINIUM ALLOYS

STUDY OF PROCESS PARAMETERS IN FRICTION STIR WELDING OF DISSIMILAR ALUMINIUM ALLOYS Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, January 22 24, 2011 STUDY OF PROCESS PARAMETERS IN FRICTION STIR WELDING OF

More information

INVESTIGATION ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF ONE WROUGHT NICKEL BASED SUPERALLOY OBTAINED BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING PROCESS

INVESTIGATION ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF ONE WROUGHT NICKEL BASED SUPERALLOY OBTAINED BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING PROCESS Proceedings of Shanghai 2017 Global Power and Propulsion Forum 30 th October 1 st November, 2017 http://www.gpps.global GPPS-2017-0096 INVESTIGATION ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF ONE WROUGHT

More information

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Pure Copper Joints Brazed with Amorphous Cu68.5Ni15.7Sn9.3P6.5 Filler Metal

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Pure Copper Joints Brazed with Amorphous Cu68.5Ni15.7Sn9.3P6.5 Filler Metal Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Pure Copper Joints Brazed with Amorphous Cu68.5Ni15.7Sn9.3P6.5 Filler Metal Jing Zhang 1,*, Weiyuan Yu 2, Wenjiang Lu 2 1 School of Physics and Mechanical-Electrical

More information

Michael T. Anderson, Stephen E. Cumblidge, Steven R. Doctor Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA

Michael T. Anderson, Stephen E. Cumblidge, Steven R. Doctor Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA THROUGH WELD INSPECTION OF WROUGHT STAINLESS STEEL PIPING USING PHASED ARRAY ULTRASONIC PROBES Michael T. Anderson, Stephen E. Cumblidge, Steven R. Doctor Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland,

More information

Laser Ultrasonics for Examination of Defects in Aluminium Profiles

Laser Ultrasonics for Examination of Defects in Aluminium Profiles ECNDT 2006 - Poster 235 Laser Ultrasonics for Examination of Defects in Aluminium Profiles Mattias BORG and Lena CARLSON, KIMAB, Stockholm, Sweden. Olga MISHINA, SAPA Technology AB, Finspång, Sweden. Abstract.

More information

High Frequency Inspection Solution for Austenitic Stainless-Steel Welds

High Frequency Inspection Solution for Austenitic Stainless-Steel Welds High Frequency Inspection Solution for Austenitic Stainless-Steel Welds F. Lachance 1, P. Rioux 1, D. Giguere 1 and J. Turcotte 1 1 Sonatest, Québec, Canada Phone: +1 418 683 6222, e-mail: sales@sonatest.com

More information

Feasibility study for Ultrasonic Examination of High thickness Austenitic Stainless Steel Forgings

Feasibility study for Ultrasonic Examination of High thickness Austenitic Stainless Steel Forgings Feasibility study for Ultrasonic Examination of High thickness Austenitic Stainless Steel Forgings Ashutosh Singh L&T Special Steels and Heavy Forgings, More info about this article: http://www.ndt.net/?id=21156

More information

Thermal Modeling and Experimental Validation in the LENS Process

Thermal Modeling and Experimental Validation in the LENS Process The Eighteenth Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium August 6-8, 6 2007, Austin, Texas Thermal Modeling and Experimental Validation in the LENS Process Liang Wang 1, Sergio D. Felicelli 2, James E. Craig

More information

Ultrasonic testing of adhesive bonds of thick composites with applications to wind turbine blades

Ultrasonic testing of adhesive bonds of thick composites with applications to wind turbine blades Center for Nondestructive Evaluation Conference Papers, Posters and Presentations Center for Nondestructive Evaluation 7-2011 Ultrasonic testing of adhesive bonds of thick composites with applications

More information

Jeffrey McIsaac, General Manager AMIC Mohammadarmaan Bandi, AMIC Doug Whitely, CINDE

Jeffrey McIsaac, General Manager AMIC Mohammadarmaan Bandi, AMIC Doug Whitely, CINDE Jeffrey McIsaac, General Manager AMIC Mohammadarmaan Bandi, AMIC Doug Whitely, CINDE What is Additive Manufacturing (AM)? Additive manufacturing is a technology which build up a component by using digital

More information

Electron Beam Melted (EBM) Co-Cr-Mo Alloy for Orthopaedic Implant Applications Abstract Introduction The Electron Beam Melting Process

Electron Beam Melted (EBM) Co-Cr-Mo Alloy for Orthopaedic Implant Applications Abstract Introduction The Electron Beam Melting Process Electron Beam Melted (EBM) Co-Cr-Mo Alloy for Orthopaedic Implant Applications R.S. Kircher, A.M. Christensen, K.W. Wurth Medical Modeling, Inc., Golden, CO 80401 Abstract The Electron Beam Melting (EBM)

More information

Evaluation of Ultrasonic Attenuation and Estimation of Ultrasonic Grain Noise in Copper

Evaluation of Ultrasonic Attenuation and Estimation of Ultrasonic Grain Noise in Copper Evaluation of Ultrasonic Attenuation and Estimation of Ultrasonic Grain Noise in Copper T. Stepinski and P. Wu Uppsala University, Signals & Systems, SE 751 0, Uppsala, Sweden Abstract. This paper presents

More information

The porosity test research of graphite material based on micron scale x-ray tomography

The porosity test research of graphite material based on micron scale x-ray tomography The porosity test research of graphite material based on micron scale x-ray tomography More info about this article: http://www.ndt.net/?id=21980 Suguo ZHUANG, Yong SONG, Liang WANG Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion

More information

Bonding strength of Al/Mg/Al alloy tri-metallic laminates fabricated

Bonding strength of Al/Mg/Al alloy tri-metallic laminates fabricated Bull. Mater. Sci., Vol. 34, No. 4, July 2011, pp. 805 810. Indian Academy of Sciences. Bonding strength of Al/Mg/Al alloy tri-metallic laminates fabricated by hot rolling X P ZHANG, *, M J TAN, T H YANG,

More information

ELECTRON BEAM FREEFORM FABRICATION: A RAPID METAL DEPOSITION PROCESS

ELECTRON BEAM FREEFORM FABRICATION: A RAPID METAL DEPOSITION PROCESS ELECTRON BEAM FREEFORM FABRICATION: A RAPID METAL DEPOSITION PROCESS Karen M. B. Taminger and Robert A. Hafley NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA Abstract Manufacturing of structural metal parts

More information

Current Aerospace Applications of Structural Health Monitoring in China

Current Aerospace Applications of Structural Health Monitoring in China 6th European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring - We.3.A.4 More info about this article: http://www.ndt.net/?id=14125 Current Aerospace Applications of Structural Health Monitoring in China X. P.

More information

EFFECT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL HOMOGENEITY ON MECHANICAL AND THERMAL FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF A HOT-WORK TOOL STEEL

EFFECT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL HOMOGENEITY ON MECHANICAL AND THERMAL FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF A HOT-WORK TOOL STEEL EFFECT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL HOMOGENEITY ON MECHANICAL AND THERMAL FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF A HOT-WORK TOOL STEEL W. Tang, X. Wu, Y. Min and L. Xu School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University

More information

Development of an Ultrasonic Technique to Optimize the Scarfing Depth and Length of First and Last CC Slabs of a Sequence of IF Grade at Tata Steel

Development of an Ultrasonic Technique to Optimize the Scarfing Depth and Length of First and Last CC Slabs of a Sequence of IF Grade at Tata Steel Indian Society for Non-Destructive Testing Hyderabad Chapter Proc. National Seminar on Non-Destructive Evaluation Dec. 7-9, 2006, Hyderabad Development of an Ultrasonic Technique to Optimize the Scarfing

More information

Strain-rate sensitivity of tensile behaviors for nickel-based superalloys GH3044 and GH4033 at room temperature

Strain-rate sensitivity of tensile behaviors for nickel-based superalloys GH3044 and GH4033 at room temperature Indian Journal of Engineering & Materials Sciences Vol. 23, October 2016, pp. 336-340 Strain-rate sensitivity of tensile behaviors for nickel-based superalloys GH3044 and GH4033 at room temperature Changying

More information

SIMS Analysis of Hydride in Commercially Pure Titanium

SIMS Analysis of Hydride in Commercially Pure Titanium Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Vol.67, No.4, December 2007 SIMS Analysis of Hydride in Commercially Pure Titanium by Hideaki NISHIKAWA *, Shigeru HAMADA ** and Katsu OHNISHI

More information

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT ELECTROLYTE SYSTEMS ON THE FORMATION OF MICRO-ARC OXIDATION CERAMIC COATINGS OF 6061 ALUMINUM ALLOY

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT ELECTROLYTE SYSTEMS ON THE FORMATION OF MICRO-ARC OXIDATION CERAMIC COATINGS OF 6061 ALUMINUM ALLOY 16 Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. (01) 16-10 Y.J. Liu, EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT ELECTROLYTE SYSTEMS ON THE FORMATION OF MICRO-ARC OXIDATION CERAMIC COATINGS OF 6061 ALUMINUM ALLOY Y.J. Liu 1, J.Y. Xu1, W. Lin, C. Gao

More information

BASED ON WELDING/JOINING TECHNOLOGIES

BASED ON WELDING/JOINING TECHNOLOGIES UDC 621.791:008 Generalized Additive Manufacturing BASED ON WELDING/JOINING TECHNOLOGIES GUAN QIAO Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute P O Box 863, 100024 Beijing, China Being

More information

High speed steels are widely used in making highspeed

High speed steels are widely used in making highspeed Solidification microstructure of M2 high speed steel by different casting technologies *Zhou Xuefeng, Fang Feng and Jiang Jianjing (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University,

More information

More Info at Open Access Database

More Info at Open Access Database More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=15213 Non-Destructive Evaluation of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys (AA1100 & AA2014) Welded Using Friction Stir Welding P.Balaji, V.Kalyanavalli, D.Sastikumar,

More information

Simulation Analysis of Laser Shock Forming for TA2 Titanium Sheet. Based on ABAQUS

Simulation Analysis of Laser Shock Forming for TA2 Titanium Sheet. Based on ABAQUS 5th International Conference on Advanced Engineering Materials and Technology (AEMT 2015) Simulation Analysis of Laser Shock Forming for TA2 Titanium Sheet Based on ABAQUS Tan Xianfeng 1, a, Xie Baohua

More information

Haobo Lin, Qiang Li, Weigang Hu

Haobo Lin, Qiang Li, Weigang Hu doi:10.21311/002.31.7.25 Tensile Mechanical Properties and Hardness Test of Pre-torsion Test on Axle Material EA4T Haobo Lin, Qiang Li, Weigang Hu Engineering Research Center of Structure Reliability and

More information

Fabrication and application of high quality diamond coated. CMP pad conditioners

Fabrication and application of high quality diamond coated. CMP pad conditioners Fabrication and application of high quality diamond coated CMP pad conditioners Hua Wang 1,a, Fanghong Sun 1,b* 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

More information

Preparation and Properties of High Chromium Cast Iron Matrix Composites Reinforced by Zirconium Corundum Particles

Preparation and Properties of High Chromium Cast Iron Matrix Composites Reinforced by Zirconium Corundum Particles 2017 2 nd International Conference on Test, Measurement and Computational Method (TMCM 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-465-3 Preparation and Properties of High Chromium Cast Iron Matrix Composites Reinforced by

More information

Mechanical Performance of Resistance Spot Welding Joint of Dissimilar High Strength Steels Shang-gong ZHOU, Kai-wei LIU, Mian WANG and Jiang-wei REN *

Mechanical Performance of Resistance Spot Welding Joint of Dissimilar High Strength Steels Shang-gong ZHOU, Kai-wei LIU, Mian WANG and Jiang-wei REN * 2016 International Conference on Advanced Materials Science and Technology (AMST 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-397-7 Mechanical Performance of Resistance Spot Welding Joint of Dissimilar High Strength Steels

More information

Microstructural characterization of diode laser deposited Ti-6Al-4V

Microstructural characterization of diode laser deposited Ti-6Al-4V Microstructural characterization of diode laser deposited Ti-6Al-4V Tian Fu 1, Zhiqiang Fan 1, Pulugurtha, Syamala R. 2 Todd E. Sparks 1, Jianzhong Ruan 1, Frank Liou 1 and Joseph W. Newkirk 2 1Department

More information

Determination of Metallic Fatigue in Nitrided Steel using a MDK Magnetic Nondestructive Tester

Determination of Metallic Fatigue in Nitrided Steel using a MDK Magnetic Nondestructive Tester 17th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing, 25-28 Oct 28, Shanghai, China Determination of Metallic Fatigue in Nitrided Steel using a MDK Magnetic Nondestructive Tester Akiyoshi ONUKI Yamagata University

More information

Determination of Condition of Recrystallised Grains After Annealing of Cold Rolled IF Grade Steel Sheets Based on Ultrasonic Measurements

Determination of Condition of Recrystallised Grains After Annealing of Cold Rolled IF Grade Steel Sheets Based on Ultrasonic Measurements Indian Society for Non-Destructive Testing Hyderabad Chapter Proc. National Seminar on Non-Destructive Evaluation Dec. 7-9, 2006, Hyderabad Determination of Condition of Recrystallised Grains After Annealing

More information

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LASER, CMT, LASER-PULSE MIG HYBRID AND LASER-CMT HYBRID WELDED ALUMINIUM ALLOY Paper 1304

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LASER, CMT, LASER-PULSE MIG HYBRID AND LASER-CMT HYBRID WELDED ALUMINIUM ALLOY Paper 1304 A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LASER, CMT, LASER-PULSE MIG HYBRID AND LASER-CMT HYBRID WELDED ALUMINIUM ALLOY Paper 1304 Chen Zhang, Ming Gao, Geng Li, Xiaoyan Zeng Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics,

More information

Weld defects analysis of 60 mm thick SS316L mock-ups of TIG and EB welds by Ultrasonic inspection for fusion reactor vacuum vessel applications

Weld defects analysis of 60 mm thick SS316L mock-ups of TIG and EB welds by Ultrasonic inspection for fusion reactor vacuum vessel applications More info about this article: http://www.ndt.net/?id=21122 Weld defects analysis of 60 mm thick SS316L mock-ups of TIG and EB welds by Ultrasonic inspection for fusion reactor vacuum vessel applications

More information

SIMULATION AND APPLICATION OF LOOSE TOOLING FORGING FOR HEAVY GRINDING ROLLER SHAFT FORGINGS

SIMULATION AND APPLICATION OF LOOSE TOOLING FORGING FOR HEAVY GRINDING ROLLER SHAFT FORGINGS Engineering Review, Vol. 35, Issue 1, 33-37, 2015. 33 SIMULATION AND APPLICATION OF LOOSE TOOLING FORGING FOR HEAVY GRINDING ROLLER SHAFT FORGINGS J. Su * F. Ren S. Jia S. Wei School of Material Science

More information

Characterization of Coatings on Grey Cast Iron Fabricated by Hot-dipping in Pure Al, AlSi11 and AlTi5 Alloys

Characterization of Coatings on Grey Cast Iron Fabricated by Hot-dipping in Pure Al, AlSi11 and AlTi5 Alloys A R C H I V E S o f F O U N D R Y E N G I N E E R I N G Published quarterly as the organ of the Foundry Commission of the Polish Academy of Sciences ISSN (1897-3310) Volume 14 Issue 1/2014 85 90 20/1 Characterization

More information

Fatigue Behavior of 2198-T8 Aluminum-lithium Alloy with Riveted Lap Joints

Fatigue Behavior of 2198-T8 Aluminum-lithium Alloy with Riveted Lap Joints 2nd Annual International Conference on Advanced Material Engineering (AME 2016) Fatigue Behavior of 2198-T8 Aluminum-lithium Alloy with Riveted Lap Joints An CHEN*, Shan-Shan LI, Fei XU and Deng-Ke DONG

More information

Metallurgical Mechanisms Controlling Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloy 2219 Produced By Electron Beam Freeform Fabrication

Metallurgical Mechanisms Controlling Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloy 2219 Produced By Electron Beam Freeform Fabrication Materials Science Forum Online: 26-7- ISSN: 1662-9752, Vols. 519-521, pp 1291-1296 doi:1.428/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.1291 26 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland Metallurgical Mechanisms Controlling

More information

Edward W. Russell and Brian L. Anderson Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Prepared by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344

Edward W. Russell and Brian L. Anderson Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Prepared by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 Comparison of German and American Fabrication Standards for Transportation and Storage Containments of High Level Radioactive Material Type B Packages 15055 ABSTRACT Edward W. Russell and Brian L. Anderson

More information

FATIGUE BEHAVIOR AND LIFE PREDICTION OF WELDED TITANIUM ALLOY JOINTS

FATIGUE BEHAVIOR AND LIFE PREDICTION OF WELDED TITANIUM ALLOY JOINTS 26 TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE AERONAUTICAL SCIENCES FATIGUE BEHAVIOR AND LIFE PREDICTION OF WELDED TITANIUM ALLOY JOINTS Jianzhong LIU, Lifa WANG and Xue-Ren WU Beijing Institute of Aeronautical

More information

Development and Validation of an Automated Ultrasonic System for the Non- Destructive Evaluation of Welded Joints in Thermoplastic Storage Tanks

Development and Validation of an Automated Ultrasonic System for the Non- Destructive Evaluation of Welded Joints in Thermoplastic Storage Tanks More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=16619 Development and Validation of an Automated Ultrasonic System for the Non- Destructive Evaluation of Welded Joints in Thermoplastic Storage Tanks

More information

Development of an Ultrasonic System for C-Scan of Aircraft Components

Development of an Ultrasonic System for C-Scan of Aircraft Components Development of an Ultrasonic System for C-Scan of Aircraft Components More info about this article: http://www.ndt.net/?id=22346 Abstract K. Chandran, Tejas Tadpatrikar, G. Prashanth, Pradeep Sangvikar

More information

Hot Isostatic Pressing for AM parts

Hot Isostatic Pressing for AM parts Document no SE037406 Revision 1 Page 1(3) Hot Isostatic Pressing for AM parts Dr. Johan Hjärne and Magnus Ahlfors, Applications Engineer AMD, Quintus Technologies. Västerås, Sweden, May 2016 The QIH9 Hot

More information

EMMC case study: MTU Aero Engines AG

EMMC case study: MTU Aero Engines AG EMMC case study: MTU Aero Engines AG Simulation of additive manufacturing of metallic components Interview of Thomas Göhler (MTU) Writer: Gerhard Goldbeck 26/01/2016 Project reference: N/A yang yu, #4472077,

More information

A PARAMETRIC STUDY ON GRAIN STRUCTURE IN SELECTIVE LASER MELTING PROCESS FOR STAINLESS STEEL 316L. Abstract

A PARAMETRIC STUDY ON GRAIN STRUCTURE IN SELECTIVE LASER MELTING PROCESS FOR STAINLESS STEEL 316L. Abstract Solid Freeform Fabrication 2017: Proceedings of the 28th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium An Additive Manufacturing Conference A PARAMETRIC STUDY ON GRAIN STRUCTURE IN SELECTIVE

More information

MELT POOL GEOMETRY SIMULATIONS FOR POWDER-BASED ELECTRON BEAM ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING. Bo Cheng and Kevin Chou

MELT POOL GEOMETRY SIMULATIONS FOR POWDER-BASED ELECTRON BEAM ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING. Bo Cheng and Kevin Chou MELT POOL GEOMETRY SIMULATIONS FOR POWDER-BASED ELECTRON BEAM ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING Bo Cheng and Kevin Chou Mechanical Engineering Department The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 Accepted August

More information

Missile Inspection Using High-Energy X-ray Non- Destructive Testing Systems

Missile Inspection Using High-Energy X-ray Non- Destructive Testing Systems LINAC ORIATRON Missile Inspection Using High-Energy X-ray Non- Destructive Testing Systems Real-time non-destructive testing and analysis of industrial missiles to detect defects (cracks, porosities, inhomogeneities)

More information

Design of Integrated Light Guiding Plates Using Silicon-based Micro-Features

Design of Integrated Light Guiding Plates Using Silicon-based Micro-Features Design of Integrated Light Guiding Plates Using Silicon-based Micro-Features Jyh-Cheng Yu*, Shao-Tang Zhangjian, and Zong-Nan Chen Abstract-- This study addresses the design of an integrated light guide

More information

Research on the Near-net Forging Processes for the Shell Body Made by High-strength Steel Taibin Wu1, a, b

Research on the Near-net Forging Processes for the Shell Body Made by High-strength Steel Taibin Wu1, a, b International Conference on Mechanics, Materials and Structural Engineering (ICMMSE 2016) Research on the Near-net Forging Processes for the Shell Body Made by High-strength Steel Taibin Wu1, a, b 1 Research

More information

Module 8: Composite Testing Lecture 36: Quality Assessment and Physical Properties. Introduction. The Lecture Contains

Module 8: Composite Testing Lecture 36: Quality Assessment and Physical Properties. Introduction. The Lecture Contains Introduction In the previous lecture we have introduced the needs, background and societies for mechanical testing of composites. In this lecture and subsequent lectures we will see principles for the

More information

Investigating a Semi-Solid Processing technique using metal powder bed Additive Manufacturing Processes

Investigating a Semi-Solid Processing technique using metal powder bed Additive Manufacturing Processes Investigating a Semi-Solid Processing technique using metal powder bed Additive Manufacturing Processes P. Vora a, F. Derguti b, K. Mumtaz a, I. Todd b, N. Hopkinson a a Department of Mechanical Engineering,

More information

UNDERSTANDING AND IMPROVING ULTRASONIC INSPECTION OF THE FORGING TITANIUM ALLOY

UNDERSTANDING AND IMPROVING ULTRASONIC INSPECTION OF THE FORGING TITANIUM ALLOY More info about this article: http://www.ndt.net/?id=23457 UNDERSTANDING AND IMPROVING ULTRASONIC INSPECTION OF THE FORGING TITANIUM ALLOY THEODOR TRANCA 1 & IULIANA RADU 2 1 Diac Servicii srl, Romania

More information

A Modeling Platform for Ultrasonic Immersion Testing of Polycrystalline Materials with Flaws

A Modeling Platform for Ultrasonic Immersion Testing of Polycrystalline Materials with Flaws 11th European Conference on Non-Destructive Testing (ECNDT 2014), October 6-10, 2014, Prague, Czech Republic A Modeling Platform for Ultrasonic Immersion Testing of Polycrystalline Materials with Flaws

More information

Scanning space analysis in Selective Laser Melting for CoCrMo powder

Scanning space analysis in Selective Laser Melting for CoCrMo powder Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 63 ( 213 ) 37 378 The Manufacturing Engineering Society International Conference, MESIC 213 Scanning space analysis in Selective

More information

Drop-Weight Impact on Fiber-Metal Laminates Using Various Indenters

Drop-Weight Impact on Fiber-Metal Laminates Using Various Indenters Proceedings of the SEM X International Congress & Exposition on Experimental and Applied Mechanics Costa Mesa, CA, June 7-10, 2004 Section 106: Damage Detection III, Paper No. 386 Drop-Weight Impact on

More information

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF MANUFACTURING ANOMALIES IN AERO- ENGINE ROTOR DISKS

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF MANUFACTURING ANOMALIES IN AERO- ENGINE ROTOR DISKS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF MANUFACTURING ANOMALIES IN AERO- ENGINE ROTOR DISKS W. D. Feist 1, G. Mook 2 ; S. Taylor 3 ; H. Söderberg 4 ; A. Mikic 5 ; T. Stepinski 6 1 MTU Aero Engines GmbH, München,

More information

Study on ultrasonic second bottom echo method to examine. granularity grades for 20Cr1Mo1V(Nb)TiB fasteners

Study on ultrasonic second bottom echo method to examine. granularity grades for 20Cr1Mo1V(Nb)TiB fasteners 18th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing, 16-20 April 2012, Durban, South Africa Study on ultrasonic second bottom echo method to examine granularity grades for 20Cr1Mo1V(Nb)TiB fasteners Wang li-xin,sun

More information

Research Article Optimization of Preform Die Shape for Forging AA2017 Turbine Disk Using Electrostatic Field Theory

Research Article Optimization of Preform Die Shape for Forging AA2017 Turbine Disk Using Electrostatic Field Theory Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 7(22): 4817-4823, 2014 DOI:10.19026/rjaset.7.870 ISSN: 2040-7459; e-issn: 2040-7467 2014 Maxwell Scientific Publication Corp. Submitted:

More information

THE EFFECT OF THE LASER PROCESS PARAMETERS IN THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TI6AL4V PRODUCED BY SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING/MELTING

THE EFFECT OF THE LASER PROCESS PARAMETERS IN THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TI6AL4V PRODUCED BY SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING/MELTING THE EFFECT OF THE LASER PROCESS PARAMETERS IN THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TI6AL4V PRODUCED BY SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING/MELTING João Batista FOGAGNOLO 1, Edwin SALLICA-LEVA 1, Eder

More information

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE STANDARD PRACTICE

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE STANDARD PRACTICE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE STANDARD PRACTICE INCH-POUND 26 June 1998 SUPERSEDING MIL-STD-1895A 20 October 1986 RADIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE STANDARDS AND RADIOGRAPHIC PROCEDURES FOR PARTIAL-PENETRATION ALUMINUM WELDS

More information

Investigation and Research Proposal on welding technique for longitudinal crack defect welding

Investigation and Research Proposal on welding technique for longitudinal crack defect welding Investigation and Research Proposal on welding technique for longitudinal crack defect welding MALOTH MOHAN KUMAR Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nalla Malla Reddy Engineering

More information

STUDY ON SiCP/6063Al COMPOSITES LASER WELDING PROCESS WITH Al75Cu20Ti5 FOIL INTERLAYER

STUDY ON SiCP/6063Al COMPOSITES LASER WELDING PROCESS WITH Al75Cu20Ti5 FOIL INTERLAYER Engineering Review, Vol. 37, Issue 2, 235-242, 2017. 235 STUDY ON SiCP/6063Al COMPOSITES LASER WELDING PROCESS WITH Al75Cu20Ti5 FOIL INTERLAYER Dongfeng Cheng 1* Peng Wang 1 Jitai Niu 1,2 Zeng Gao 1 1

More information

Effect of Radiography Parameters over Columnar Structure in Nickel Base Super Alloy Castings

Effect of Radiography Parameters over Columnar Structure in Nickel Base Super Alloy Castings More info about this article: http://www.ndt.net/?id=21160 Effect of Radiography Parameters over Columnar Structure in Nickel Base Super Alloy Castings Arun Dwivedi*, G. Raju*, Madhukar R Marur, K.S.Narayanan

More information

LOW FREQUENCY-SAFT INSPECTION METHODOLOGY FOR COARSE-GRAINED STEEL RAIL COMPONENTS (MANGANESE STEEL FROGS)

LOW FREQUENCY-SAFT INSPECTION METHODOLOGY FOR COARSE-GRAINED STEEL RAIL COMPONENTS (MANGANESE STEEL FROGS) LOW FREQUENCY-SAFT INSPECTION METHODOLOGY FOR COARSE-GRAINED STEEL RAIL COMPONENTS (MANGANESE STEEL FROGS) A. Diaz, E. Andersen, T. Samuel Battelle, Richland, Washington, USA Abstract: In the rail industry,

More information

Use of Penetrating Radiation Techniques for Nondestructive Evaluation of Nuclear Fuel Pins. J.P.Panakkal

Use of Penetrating Radiation Techniques for Nondestructive Evaluation of Nuclear Fuel Pins. J.P.Panakkal Use of Penetrating Radiation Techniques for Nondestructive Evaluation of Nuclear Fuel Pins J.P.Panakkal Raja Ramanna Fellow Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Department of Atomic Energy Mumbai 400085 Email

More information

A Novel Extrusion Microns Embossing Method of Polymer Film

A Novel Extrusion Microns Embossing Method of Polymer Film Modern Mechanical Engineering, 2012, 2, 35-40 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/mme.2012.22005 Published Online May 2012 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/mme) A Novel Extrusion Microns Embossing Method of Polymer

More information