ENGINEERING MATERIALS
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1 [ MATERIAL Science ] By Rangwala ` Edition : 43 rd Edition : 2017 (Reprint) ISBN : Size : 170 mm 235 mm Binding : Paperback Pages : = 504 About the book This well-known text-book provides an up-to-date account of the basic knowledge of all types of Building Materials or Materials of Construction. The subject matter is expressed in a simple language and practical manner. The treatment is clear, methodical as well as interesting and easy to follow. In the chapters of miscellaneous materials it now contains, detailed information about magnetic materials, composites and nano materials. In the chapter of material science, the periodic table along with a modern periodic table in colour is discussed in depth. The entire subject matter is systematically canvassed in the chapters like: Properties of Engineering Materials, Stones, Clay Products and Refractories, Bricks, Lime, Cement, Mortar, Cement Concrete, Timber, Ferrous Metals, Steel, Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys, Corrosion, Glass, Paints, Varnishes and Distempers, Plastics, Miscellaneous Materials, Material Science of Metals. In Appendix-I, enhanced list of latest B.I.S. codes of important engineering materials is included. Appendix II showing abbreviated terms used in this book are given at the end of the book. The book now contains: * 141 self-explanatory and neatly drawn sketches * 80 useful tables and more than * 475 questions at the end of the chapters. The book should prove to be extremely useful to the Engineering students preparing for the Degree Examinations of all the Indian Universities, Diploma Examinations conducted by various Boards of Technical Education, Certificate Courses as well as for the AMIE, UPSC, GATE, IES and other similar competitive and professional examinations. It is also useful for the preparation of NATA (National Aptitude Test for Architecture), CEPT (Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology), SBST (School of Building Science and Technology), SID (School of Interior Design), AIEEE (Architecture), GTU (Gujarat Technological University) etc. It should also prove of interest to the practising professionals. CONTENT 1 : Properties of engineering Materials 2 : Stones 3 : CERAMIC MATERIALS 4 : Bricks 5 : Lime 6 : Cement 7 : Mortar 8 : Cement concrete 9 : Timber 10 : ferrous metals 11 : steel 12 : non-ferrous Metals and Alloys 13 : corrosion 14 : Glass 15 : paints, varnishes and Distempers 16 : Plastics 17 : Miscellaneous Materials 18 : MATERIAL SCIENCE OF METALS Appendix I : B.I.s. Codes for important engineering materials Appendix II : abbreviated Terms used in this book Bibliography index Checklist
2 Chapter 1 PROPERTIES OF 1-1. General 1-2. Physical properties 1-3. Mechanical properties 1-4. Classification of materials based upon their uses Question 1 Chapter 2 STONES 2-1. General 2-2. Classification of rocks 2-3. Sources of stones 2-4. Rock-forming minerals 2-5. Texture or structure of a rock 2-6. Fracture of a rock 2-7. Uses of stones 2-8. Natural bed of stones 2-9. Tests for stones Qualities of a good building stone Stone quarrying Tools for blasting Materials for blasting Process of blasting Precautions in blasting Machines for quarrying Dressing of stones Deterioration of stones Retardation of decay of stones Preservation of stones Artificial stones Common building stones of India Questions 2 Chapter 3 CERAMIC MATERIALS 3-1. Ceramics 3-2. Clay products 3-3. Tiles Common tiles Encaustic tiles 3-4. Terra-cotta 3-5. Earthenware 3-6. Stoneware 3-7. Porcelain 3-8. Glazing 3-9. Clay blocks Refractories Properties of ceramic materials Importance of ceramics Questions 3 Chapter 4 BRICKS 4-1. General 4-2. Comparison of brickwork and stonework 4-3. Composition of good brick earth 4-4. Harmful ingredients in brick earth 4-5. Classification of brick earth 4-6. Manufacture of bricks 4-7. Clamps 4-8. Kilns 4-9. Qualities of good bricks Comparison between clamp-burning and kiln-burning Factors affecting quality of bricks Tests for bricks Classification of bricks Uses of bricks Colours of bricks Size and weight of bricks Shape of bricks Fire-clays Fire-bricks Substitutes for bricks Concrete blocks Fly-ash bricks Sand-lime or calcium silicate bricks Questions 4 Chapter 5 LIME 5-1. General 5-2. Some definitions 5-3. Classification of binding materials 5-4. Sources of lime 5-5. Constituents of limestones 5-6. Classification of limes 5-7. I.S. classifications of lime 5-8. Comparison between fat lime and hydraulic lime 5-9. Manufacture of fat lime Manufacture of natural hydraulic lime Manufacture of artificial hydraulic lime Precautions to be taken in handling lime Uses of lime Tests for limestones Questions 5 Chapter 6 CEMENT 6-1. General 6-2. Indian cement industry 6-3. Cement and lime 6-4. Characteristics of cement 6-5. Properties of cement 6-6. Composition of ordinary cement 6-7. Functions of cement ingredients 6-8. Harmful constituents of cement 6-9. Setting action of cement Site for cement factory Manufacture of ordinary cement Mixing of raw materials Burning Grinding Packing of cement Ball mills and tube mills Field tests for cement Laboratory tests for cement Storage of cement Uses of cement Varieties of cement I.S. specifications of ordinary cement Questions 6 Chapter 7 MORTAR 7-1. General 7-2. Sand 7-3. Natural sources of sand 7-4. Classification of sand 7-5. Bulking of sand 7-6. Properties of good sand 7-7. Function of sand in mortar 7-8. Tests for sand 7-9. Substitutes for sand Classification of mortars Properties of good mortar mix and mortar Preparation of mortar
3 7-13. Uses of mortar Precautions in using mortar Selection of mortar Tests for mortars Questions 7 Chapter 8 CEMENT CONCRETE 8-1. General 8-2. Properties of cement concrete 8-3. Materials used in R.C.C. work 8-4. Sea water for making concrete 8-5. Proportioning concrete 8-6. Grading of aggregates 8-7. Requirements of a good aggregate 8-8. Tests for aggregates 8-9. Water-cement ratio Workability Slump test Estimating yield of concrete Importance of bulking of sand Mixing the materials of concrete Transporting and placing of concrete Consolidation of concrete Hand consolidation Vibrators Curing of concrete Types of cement concrete Water-proofing cement concrete Coloured concrete Light-weight concrete No-fines concrete Pre-cast concrete Ready-mix concrete Transit-mix concrete Joints in concrete structures Guniting Formwork Quality control of concrete Questions 8 Chapter 9 TIMBER 9-1. General 9-2. Trees for life 9-3. Classification of trees 9-4. Structure of a tree Macrostructure Microstructure 9-5. Processing of timber Felling of trees Seasoning of timber Conversion of timber Preservation of timber 9-6. Fire-resistance of timber 9-7. Defects in timber 9-8. Qualities of good timber 9-9. Factors affecting the strength of timber Decay of timber Storage of timber Market forms of timber Industrial timber Advantages of timber construction Uses of timber Indian timber trees Plantation of teak trees Questions 9 Chapter 10 FERROUS METALS General Iron ores Pig-iron Manufacture of pig-iron Essential parts and equipment of a blast furnace Working of a blast furnace Precautions to be taken for working of blast furnace Properties of pig-iron Types of pig-iron Other methods of pig-iron manufacture Some terms describing the nature and properties of metals Cast-iron Composition of cast-iron Types of cast-iron Properties of cast-iron Uses of cast-iron Castings Types of castings Characteristics of a good casting Defects in casting Wrought-iron Manufacture of wrought-iron Aston s process Properties of wrought-iron Defects in wrought-iron Use of wrought-iron Questions 10 Chapter 11 STEEL General Manufacture of steel Uses of steel Factors affecting physical properties of steel Magnetic properties of steel Defects in steel Properties of mild steel Properties of hard steel Mechanical treatment of steel Heat treatment processes Market forms of steel Questions 11 Chapter 12 NON-FERROUS METALS AND ALLOYS Non-ferrous metals Aluminium Manufacture of aluminium Properties of aluminium Evaluation of aluminium as building material Economics of using aluminium Forms of aluminium Uses of aluminium Conclusion Cobalt Manufacture of cobalt Properties of cobalt Uses of cobalt Copper Manufacture of Copper Properties of Copper Uses of Copper Lead Manufacture of Lead Properties of Lead
4 Uses of Lead Magnesium Manufacture of Magnesium Properties of Magnesium Uses of Magnesium Nickel Manufacture of Nickel Properties of Nickel Uses of Nickel Tin Manufacture of Tin Properties of Tin Uses of Tin Zinc Manufacture of Zinc Properties of Zinc Uses of Zinc Alloys Aluminium alloys Copper alloys Magnesium alloys Nickel alloys Steel alloys Questions 12 Chapter 13 CORROSION General Causes of corrosion Factors influencing corrosion Theories of corrosion Forms of corrosion Effect of corrosion Corrosion of ferrous metals Corrosion of non-ferrous metals Standard electrode potential Prevention of corrosion of steel in concrete Preventive measures for corrosion Questions 13 Chapter 14 GLASS General Classification of glass Composition of glass Properties of glass Types of glass Manufacture of glass Treatment of glass Coloured glass Special varieties of glass Glass industry in India Questions 14 Chapter 15 PAINTS, VARNISHES AND DISTEMPERS General Painting Characteristics of an ideal paint Pigment volume concentration number (P.V.C.N.) Ingredients of an oil borne paint Types of paints Notes for guidance in the process of painting Painting on different surfaces Failure of paint Defects in painting Varnishing Characteristics of an ideal varnish Ingredients of a varnish Types of varnishes Process of varnishing Distempering Properties of distempers Ingredients of a distemper Process of distempering Wall paper Whitewashing Colourwashing Questions 15 Chapter 16 PLASTICS Brief history Composition Polymerization Classification of plastics Resins Thermo-plastic resins Thermo-setting resins Moulding compounds Fabrication Properties of plastics Uses of plastics PVC pipes in buildings Biodegradable plastic Fibre glass reinforced plastic Properties of FRP Applications of FRP in building industry Conclusion Questions 16 Chapter 17 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS General Abrasives Adhesives Asbestos Properties of asbestos Uses of asbestos Asbestos cement products Asphalt Classification of asphalt Forms of asphalt Properties of asphalt Uses of asphalt Belts Bitumen Forms of bitumen Functions of bituminous materials Tests for bituminous materials Composite materials Cork Properties of cork Uses of cork Electrical insulators Fly-ash Use of Fly-ash Use of Fly-ash for miscellaneous purposes Fuels Classification of fuels Advantages of gaseous fuels Gypsum Gypsum plaster Plaster boards
5 Pyrocell Heat insulating materials Lubricants Types of lubricants Varieties of liquid lubricants Methods of applying lubricants Lubricant industry in India Magnetic materials Nano materials Rubber Types of rubber Vulcanization Compounding of rubber Properties of rubber Uses of rubber Forms of rubber Reclaimed rubber Sealants for joints Polysulphide based sealants Sealant Application equipment Sealant Application accessories Working criteria for sealants Sheets for pitched roof coverings Solder Sound absorbent materials Tar Turpentine Questions 17 Chapter 18 MATERIAL SCIENCE OF METALS General Structure of atom Atomic number and atomic weight Avogadro s number Orbit and Orbital Quantum Numbers Electron Configuration Atomic theories and atomic models Isotopes and isobars Periodic table Modern periodic law and modern periodic table Bonding in solids Primary bonds Secondary bonds Mixed bonds Crystal structure Space lattice and unit cell Bravais lattices Crystal structures for metallic elements Co-ordination number Atomic radius Atomic packing factor Miller indices Linear and planar densities Plastic deformation of a single crystal Types of imperfections Electrical conductivity Questions Appendix I B.I.S. CODES FOR IMPORTANT ENGINEERING MATERIALS Aggregates Asphalt, tar and bitumen Building stones Bricks, tiles and other clay products Cement and concrete Glass Hardware Insulating materials Paints and varnishes Pipes, steel sections, etc. Reinforcement and structural steel Sheets, light metals and their alloys Thinner and solvents Water supply and sanitary appliances and fittings Wire ropes and wire products Wooden and metal doors-windows, timber and wood products Varnishes and lacquers Appendix II ABBREVIATED TERMS USED IN THIS BOOK BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX
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