ABSTRACT. This study investigates the use of inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry
|
|
- Magdalen Mosley
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Benefits of a Dual-View ICP-OES for the Determination of Boron, Phosphorus, and Sulfur in Low Alloy Steels Michael Duffy and Robert Thomas The Perkin-Elmer Corporation, 761 Main Avenue, Norwalk, CT USA INTRODUCTION Boron, phosphorus, and sulfur are critical elements in defining the physical properties of steel. While boron is intentionally added to the molten ingot produced by the steelmaking process to improve the steel's hardenability characteristics, phosphorus and sulfur are contaminants from the blast furnace ironmaking process. Although their levels can be reduced by the addition of various chemicals during the refining of the molten metal, phosphorus and sulfur are generally not desired at high levels in the steel. In controlled amounts, they can improve the machinability of the steel, but in higher concentration they will have a dramatic impact on the toughness and ductility of the steel. Considering they are such critical elements, it is important that B, P, and S are monitored very closely during the steel-making process. Because speed and turnaround of analysis are the most important criteria in the quality control of this process, solid sampling techniques like XRF or arc/spark emission are the preferred analytical tools. However, there are times when solid sampling techniques are not suitable for the determination of these elements in steel samples. For example, when the concentration of B, P, and S is at the ppm level in the steel, these techniques are just not sensitive enough. In addition, some steel samples like thin strip or wire are difficult to analyze by a solid sampling technique. Finally, it may be desirable to have another technique available to check the XRF or arc/spark emission for quality control purposes. Whenever any of these situations arise, the laboratory has to use alternative trace element techniques. ABSTRACT This study investigates the use of inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for the determination of boron, phosphorus, and sulfur in steel. Historically, this analysis has been performed by either X-ray fluorescence or arc/spark emission or by traditional wet chemistry when sample size restricted the use of solid sampling techniques. A series of NIST low alloy SRMs were analyzed using a dual-view ICP-OES that was configured to view the plasma both radially (side-on) and axially (end-on). The axial plasma offers an approximately 5 10 times improvement in detection limit, while the radial plasma maintains superior linear dynamic range and chemical/matrix performance. The benefit of the dual-view design over traditional technology is that if the elemental concentrations are too low for the radial-view configuration, they can be determined using the axial-view configuration. Accuracy and precision data will be presented for B, P, and S in the NIST SRM series by both radial and axial viewing. Traditionally, wet chemistry has filled this role. Boron and phosphorus in the past have been determined by colorometric and/or gravimetric techniques, while sulfur has been done by either volumetric or infrared absorption techniques. Unfortunately, wet techniques are very labor-intensive when the sample workload is high. The advent of atomic absorption (AA) in the mid sixties dramatically reduced the analysis time of many trace elements in steel. However, some of the critical trace elements like B, P, and S could not be determined 1 successfully by atomic absorption because AA sources are generally not hot enough to produce enough ground state atoms of these elements. The emergence of inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) in the late seventies appeared to fill a void in trace metal analysis created by the limitations of AA. Besides being a multielement technique, ICP-OES was recognized as producing a much higher temperature source with far superior detection limits for the "difficult elements" like B, P, and S. For this reason, it was decided to evaluate the possibility of using ICP-OES for the determination of these elements in steel. METHODOLOGY The SRM series of NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) were chosen for this evaluation. SRMs are a general purpose series of low alloy steels that contain a wide concentration range of B, P, and S, while SRM 365 is an electrolytic iron containing very low concentrations of these elements. It was decided to use three of the series for calibration purposes and then read all of them back as samples, including the other members of the series. The basic premise of this evaluation was that if good accuracy and precision can be obtained when members of the series are read off the original calibration, then it can be concluded that unknown steels of similar composition will give as good results, assuming the calibration is linear. The values of the SRM standards are given in Table I; the ones used for calibration are marked with an *. ES-009
2 Sample Preparation One-gram amounts of the samples were weighed and transferred to acid-rinsed poly-methylpentene (PMP) volumetric flasks. The chips were rinsed to the bottom of the flasks with a spray of deionized water from a rinse bottle to a volume of about 20 ml. Addition of HCl to iron results in a chemically reductive state and sulfur may be lost through the formation of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) gas. To avoid this and to maintain an oxidative state, one drop (about 20 µl) of bromine was added to the water in each flask followed by mixing, and then the addition of about 5 ml of high-purity (Fisher Optima) HNO 3. The reaction and dissolution occurs very quickly. In some cases, small amounts of water were added during the reaction to cool and slow down its progress. After the initial reaction subsided, 1 ml of electronic-grade HF was added, followed by about 5 ml of HCl. The next step was to dilute the samples to a final volume of 100 ml. The samples were mixed and a portion of each solution was transferred to separate 50-mL polypropylene autosampler tubes. The higher concentration carbon samples will appear dark and murky from suspended carbonaceous material (probably graphite) that will not settle out very quickly. However, because a GemCone high-solids nebulizer was used for this evaluation, it was decided to analyze the samples directly and not to filter out the carbon particulates. This type of nebulizer has been described in the literature, but it is basically a conespray nebulizer designed for high-dissolved and suspended solids (1). One word of caution: Deionized and distilled water invariably contains sulfur, so it is important to use the same batch through all steps of the analysis. INSTRUMENTATION All work was performed using a Perkin-Elmer Model Optima Table I NIST SRM Calibration Standards and Concentrations in Wt % Element SRM 361 SRM 362 SRM 363 SRM 364 SRM 365 Boron * * * Not certified Phosphorus * * * Sulfur * * * Note: According to NIST, the values listed for these SRMs are not expected to deviate from the true value by ±1 in the last significant figure. For subscript values, the deviation is not expected to be greater than ±5. It must also be noted that because of the uncertainty (deviation) associated with many SRMs (especially the ones with subscript values), NIST recommends caution when using them for calibration purposes. 3000DV inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer. The Optima 3000 has been described in the literature, but is basically a high-resolution Echelle optical system, utilizing two separate channels, one optimized for the UV and one optimized for the visible region. The two-dimensional image of the plasma produced by the Echelle grating is projected onto a 19-mm x 15-mm segmented array charge-coupled device (SCD) solid state detector. This solid state detector was designed specifically for the Echelle spectrometer and contains 224 optically sensitive subarrays on its surface, positioned to take advantage of 3 4 of the most sensitive emission lines of every element detectable by ICP emission (2, 3). The low UV capability, which is required for the determination of B, P, and S in steel, is achieved by purging the spectrometer and transfer optics with about 2 L/min of nitrogen. The only feature different on the DV version of the Optima 3000 is that the plasma torch is positioned horizontally. By incorporating modified transfer optics and an air shear gas to cut off the cool tail plume of the plasma, the DV can view the plasma both axially (end-on) and radially (side-on). This means that the analyst has the ability to use the instrument axially to achieve the best detection limits or radially to get the widest dynamic range and minimum chemical interferences. The benefits of the axial technology have been described in the literature (4). The benefit of a dual-view optical design is that if the desired detection limits cannot be achieved with the radial view, the analysis can be repeated using the axial view. Instrument Operating Parameters Tables II, III, and IV contain information on the relevant instrument parameters used in this study. For the first part of the evaluation, the instrument was viewed radially. TABLE II Emission Lines Used Element Boron Phosphorus Sulfur TABLE III Radial-View Plasma Conditions Wavelength nm nm nm Plasma Auxiliary Nebulizer RF Viewing Elements gas flow gas flow gas flow power height B, S, P 15 L/min 0.4 L/min 0.72 L/min 1440 W 15 mm 2
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Figures 1, 2, and 3 show the spectral scans of B, P, and S in the SRMs used for the calibration ppm of iron was also evaluated to get an understanding of the spectral contribution of pure iron with no analytes present. Figure 4 shows calibration curves, with correlation coefficients, for the three elements. Tables V, VI, and VII show the concentration and precision values measured in the standard reference materials, run as samples after the initial calibration using radial viewing. Discussion The wavelength scan information for the three elements shows that spectrally-clean emission lines were being used for the evaluation. The ppm Fe confirms that there was no serious spectral contribution from the Fe, although it was clear that the solution was contaminated with all three of the analytes. As a result of using these relatively interferencefree emission lines, all three wavelengths showed good linearity as was confirmed by the excellent correlation coefficients. It can be seen from the data, that most of the experimental results agree very favorably with the NIST certified values. If one keeps in mind that the reference values have an uncertainty of ±1 and the subscript data has an uncertainty of ±5 in the last significant figure, then the conclusion can be made that the results are very encouraging. The only results that could be considered questionable are the boron result for SRM 361 and the phosphorus result for SRM 364. The SRM 361 boron certified value of % ± % is the lowest boron value of the whole series. Based on the sample weight of 1 g/100 ml, this represents about 30 ppb in solution. Fig. 1. boron at Fig. 2. phosphorus at Fig. 3. sulfur at TABLE IV Peak Processing and Background Correction Points Integration Points/ BGC BGC Element time Processing Peak left right B, P, S Auto-integration Peak area 2 None nm B, P, S Min. 10 seconds Peak area nm nm B, P, S Max. 50 seconds Peak area nm nm 3
4 TABLE V for Boron in NIST SRM B certifd. B found <Det.limit % % % 365 Not certifd Fig. 4. Calibration curves for B, P, and S viewed radially. When one considers that the theoretical detection limit of boron in an aqueous solution is only 3 ppb, it is understandable why the experimental result for this SRM is below the detection limit. The experimental phosphorus result for SRM 364 of 0.009% appears not to be in good agreement with the certified value of %. However, the precision value of 2.3% shows it to be a reasonably precise figure. Also keep in mind that it has an error associated with it of ±0.005 %, so this value could in fact be % phosphorus. In an attempt to improve the boron and phosphorus results, it was decided to repeat the analysis of these two SRMs using the axial configuration of the instrument. The aim was to improve the detection limit for boron in SRM 361 and to confirm the phosphorus result in SRM 364. Now instead of viewing the plasma from the side, the computer-controlled transfer optics were configured to view it axially. The axial-view operating parameters were the same as the radialview, except that the plasma was viewed directly down its central channel instead of 15 mm above the load coil when viewed radially. The analytical methodology was identical for both experiments. The calibration plots are shown in Figure 5. It can be seen that the sensitivity of the three elements viewed axially is 5 6 times higher than the radial-view sensitivity. This increased sensitivity is reflected in the comparison of boron results by radial and axial viewing in SRM 361, shown in Table VIII. These results clearly demonstrate that the level of boron in SRM 361 is below the detection limit when viewed radially, but is achievable with good precision when the plasma is viewed axially. TABLE VI for Phosphorus in NIST SRM P certifd. P found % % % % % TABLE VII for Sulfur in NIST SRM S certifd. S found % % % % % TABLE VIII Comparison of Boron in SRM 361 by Radial and Axial Viewing in Wt % Certified value Radial result Radial % RSD Axial result Axial % RSD < Det. Limit % 4
5 when analyzing a set of samples, the radial-viewing configuration should always be the first option. A final comment: Boron is renowned for its poor sample introduction wash-out characteristics. It sticks to the walls of the spray chamber, nebulizer, and sample injector, which makes it very prone to memory effects. For this reason, when determining boron, much longer than normal washout and read delay times must be built into the method. CONCLUSION Fig. 5. Calibration plots of B, P, and S viewed axially. The comparison of phosphorus results by axial and radial viewing in Table IX confirms that the original radial result was good. The initial reaction is that the agreement between the certified and test results is questionable. However, because there is an uncertainty of +/ % associated with the certified value of %, the agreement can be considered acceptable. A word of caution: It is clear that the axial technology gives better detection limits than a traditional radial-view ICP. However, it does suffer from certain limitations. The linear dynamic range of an axial ICP is shifted down an order of magnitude. This means that even though it spans approximately five orders of magnitude, the improved detection limits in an axial ICP are achieved with a sacrifice in linearity at the top end. In addition, the axial technology also suffers from enhanced chemical interferences. Because the plasma is being viewed end-on, all the chemical effects associated with the different temperature gradients within the plasma are being seen. This means that in an axial ICP, more chemical/matrix-induced interferences will be observed with samples that contain high concentrations of matrix elements.that is why much thought must be given when deciding what viewing configuration to use when analyzing more complicated samples. A general rule of thumb is that unless detection limit is the major criterion TABLE IX Comparison of Phosphorus in SRM 364 by Radial and Axial Viewing in Wt % Certified value Radial result Radial % RSD Axial result Axial % RSD % % Because of certain limitations in the traditional solid sampling XRF or arc/spark emission techniques, there are times when boron, phosphorus, and sulfur need to be determined by another technique. ICP optical emission spectrometry has shown it can successfully fill that role. It has been clearly demonstrated that the Optima 3000DV ICP-OES, with its radial and axial viewing capabilities, can routinely determine ultratrace levels of these critical elements in low alloy and plain carbon steels. The major benefit of an instrument with both axial and radial technology, when determining trace elements in steel, is that the optimum elemental viewing configuration can be chosen, depending on the analytical challenge. REFERENCES 1. J.C. Ivaldi, J. Vollmer, and W. Slavin, Spectrochim. Acta 46B, No 67, 1063 (1991). 2. T.W. Barnard, M.J. Crockett, J.C. Ivaldi, and P.L. Lundberg, Anal. Chem. 65, No. 9, 1225 (1993). 3. T.W. Barnard, M.J. Crockett, J.C. Ivaldi, P.L. Lundberg, D.A. Yates, P.A. Levine, and D.J. Sauer, Anal. Chem. 65, No. 9, 1231(1993). 4. J.C. Ivaldi and J.F. Tyson, Spectrochim. Acta 50B, 1207 (1993). 5
Analysis of steel and its alloys using the GB/T standard and an Agilent 5100 ICP-OES in dual view mode
Analysis of steel and its alloys using the GB/T 20125-2006 standard and an Agilent 5100 ICP-OES in dual view mode Application note Metals analysis and production Authors John Cauduro Agilent Technologies
More informationThe Determination of Alloying Elements in High-Carbon Steel using Radially Viewed Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES)
Application Note - AN1504 The Determination of Alloying Elements in High-Carbon Steel using Radially Viewed Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) Introduction Page 1 Carbon
More informationAnalysis of Stainless Steel by Dual View Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry
Application Note - AN1505 Analysis of Stainless Steel by Dual View Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry Introduction Page 1 Stainless steels are a corrosion resistant family of iron alloys that have
More informationAnalysis of Stainless Steel by Dual View Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry
Prodigy ICP Application Note: # 1046 Analysis of Stainless Steel by Dual View Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry Introduction Stainless steels are a corrosion resistant family of iron alloys that
More informationAnalysis of Mineral and Heavy Metal Content in Beverages Using the Teledyne Leeman Labs Prodigy Plus ICP-OES
Application Note - AN1704 Analysis of Mineral and Heavy Metal Content in Beverages Using the Teledyne Leeman Labs Prodigy Plus ICP-OES John Condon, Applications Chemist and Bruce MacAllister, Applications
More informationDETERMINATION OF SULPHUR CONTENT OF UN-ALLOYED AND LOW-ALLOYED STEEL BY ICP-AES SPECTROMETRY USING WET CHEMICAL SAMPLE PREPARATION
Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 37/2. (2012) pp. 5 12. DETERMINATION OF SULPHUR CONTENT OF UN-ALLOYED AND LOW-ALLOYED STEEL BY ICP-AES SPECTROMETRY USING WET CHEMICAL SAMPLE PREPARATION OLIVÉR
More informationDETERMINATION OF ELEMENTS IN DRINKING WATER AS PER BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS 10500, & USING THE AGILENT 5100 ICP-OES
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS DETERMINATION OF ELEMENTS IN DRINKING WATER AS PER BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS 10500, 14543 & 13428 USING THE AGILENT 5100 ICP-OES Solutions for Your Analytical Business Markets and
More informationBenefits of running organic matrices using the Agilent 5100 ICP-OES fast, robust, high performance analysis
Benefits of running organic matrices using the Agilent 5100 ICP-OES fast, robust, high performance analysis Technical Overview 5100 ICP-OES Introduction Many laboratories are required to analyze metals
More informationIncreased Sample Throughput for ICP-OES Applied to U.S. EPA Method 200.7
application Note Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy Authors Laura Thompson Zoe Grosser, Ph.D. Paul Krampitz PerkinElmer, Inc. Shelton, CT 06484 USA Increased Sample Throughput for
More informationComposition Analysis of Animal Feed by HR ICP-OES
Composition Analysis of Animal Feed by HR ICP-OES Abstract The High-Resolution Array ICP-OES equipped with Standard-Kit was used for the analysis of Al, B, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, I, K, Na, Mn, Mg, Mo, Ni,
More informationDetermination of Elemental Impurities in Graphite-based Anodes using the Agilent 5110 ICP-OES
Application Note Material testing and research Determination of Elemental Impurities in Graphite-based Anodes using the Agilent 5110 ICP-OES Accurate determination for lithium battery anodes Authors Ni
More informationIncrease productivity for environmental sample analysis using the SVS 2+ Switching Valve System for Agilent 5100 SVDV ICP-OES
Increase productivity for environmental sample analysis using the SVS 2+ Switching Valve System for Agilent 5100 SVDV ICP-OES Technical Overview Achieve higher productivity Laboratories that work to standard
More informationEXPAND YOUR RANGE EXTEND YOUR RESOURCES. Avio 500 ICP Optical Emission Spectrometer
Avio 500 ICP Optical Emission Spectrometer EXPAND YOUR RANGE EXTEND YOUR RESOURCES HIGH THROUGHPUT WITH LOW COST OF OWNERSHIP With a truly simultaneous system, high sensitivity and superior resolution,
More informationAnalysis of wear metals and contaminants in engine oils using the 4100 MP-AES
Analysis of wear metals and contaminants in engine oils using the 4100 MP-AES Application note Energy and fuels Authors Phil Lowenstern and Elizabeth Reisman Agilent Technologies Melbourne, Australia Introduction
More informationUltra-fast ICP-OES determinations of base metals in geochemical samples using next generation sample introduction technology
Ultra-fast ICP-OES determinations of base metals in geochemical samples using next generation sample introduction technology Application note Geochemistry, mining and metals Author John Cauduro Agilent
More informationWater Analysis Using ICP-OES with an Ultrasonic Nebulizer
Water Analysis Using ICP-OES with an Ultrasonic Nebulizer Application Note Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometers Author Tran T. Nham Introduction Water quality has always been a primary
More informationAnalysis of Toxic Trace Elements in Coffee Bean Products by HR ICP-OES
Analysis of Toxic Trace Elements in Coffee Bean Products by HR ICP-OES Abstract Samples of coffee powder and caffeine extracts from a coffee bean processor were submitted to the analysis of As, Cd, Cr,
More informationTable I: MCL and MRL Concentrations for Contaminants Monitored Under the Safe Drinking Water Act National Primary Drinking Water Regulations
Application Note - AN1303 Water Analysis Following U.S. EPA Method 200.7 Using the Teledyne Leeman Lab s Prodigy7 ICP-OES Under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) and the Clean Water Act (CWA), the USEPA
More informationAnalysis of inorganic impurities in lubricating oils by ICP-MS
Analysis of inorganic impurities in lubricating oils by ICP-MS Application note Authors Energy and Fuels Junichi Takahashi, Kei Kasahara Agilent Technologies, Japan Introduction The most widely used techniques
More informationAnalysis of 14 Trace Elements in Stainless Steel
ICP OPTICAL ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY Analysis of 14 Trace Elements in Stainless Steel Joël Sire, Daniel Legain Serma Technologie France Keywords: metallurgy 1 Introduction This Application Note describes
More informationSprint analysis of lubricating oils using the Thermo Scientific icap 7600 ICP-OES
Sprint analysis of lubricating oils using the Thermo Scientific icap 7600 ICP-OES Marine Beauvir, Application Specialist, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cambridge, UK Application Note 43161 Key Words High throughput,
More informationAnalysis of Heavy Metals in Iron-based Fertilizers by HR ICP-OES
Analysis of Heavy Metals in Iron-based Fertilizers by HR ICP-OES Abstract The analysis of Iron-rich samples by ICP-OES is often very demanding since prominent Iron-based spectral interferences affect many
More informationOPTIMA 4000 DV Series of ICP-OES Systems
Inorganic Analysis Chromatography Molecular Spectroscopy Thermal Analysis Informatics ICP Optical Emission OPTIMA 4000 DV Series of ICP-OES Systems the performance required to maximize ICP productivity
More informationAnalysis of Trace Metals in Surface and Bottled Water with the Optima 7300 DV ICP-OES
application Note ICP-Optical Emission Spectroscopy Author Praveen Sarojam, Ph.D. PerkinElmer, Inc. Shelton, CT 06484 USA Analysis of Trace Metals in Surface and Bottled Water with the Optima 7300 DV ICP-OES
More informationHigh matrix tolerance of the Thermo Scientific icap 7000 Plus Series ICP-OES with the radial Ceramic D-Torch and the sheath gas adaptor
APPLICATION NOTE 43444 High matrix tolerance of the Thermo Scientific icap 00 Plus Series ICP-OES with the radial Ceramic D-Torch and the sheath gas adaptor Authors Nora Bartsch, Application Specialist,
More informationICP-AES Determination of 15 Kind of impurity elements in the Vanadium-aluminum alloy
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Engineering 24 (2011 ) 447 453 2011 International Conference on Advances in Engineering ICP-AES Determination of 15 Kind of impurity elements in the Vanadium-aluminum
More informationApplication Note PlasmaQuant PQ 9000 Elite. Analysis of Rare Earth Elements in Granite and Sandstone by HR ICP-OES. Challenge.
Application Note PlasmaQuant PQ 9000 Elite Analysis of Rare Earth Elements in Granite and Sandstone by HR ICP-OES Challenge Quantification of Rare Earth Elements in line-rich geological materials, such
More informationMulti-Element Analysis of Trace Metals in Animal Feed using ICP-OES
Application Note Food and Agriculture Multi-Element Analysis of Trace Metals in Animal Feed using ICP-OES A fast, simple, and low cost method, using an Agilent 5110 VDV ICP-OES, suitable for high throughput
More informationDETERMINATION OF SILVER, GOLD AND COBALT IN SULFIDE ORES AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR PROCESSING BY ICP-AES
DETERMINATION OF SILVER, GOLD AND COBALT IN SULFIDE ORES AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR PROCESSING BY ICP-AES O.V. Evdokimova, N.V. Pechishcheva, P.V. Zaitceva, K.Yu. Shunyaev IMET UrB RAS, Yekaterinburg, 620016,
More informationUltra-Trace Analysis of Beryllium in Water and Industrial Hygiene Samples by ICP-MS Application
Ultra-Trace Analysis of Beryllium in Water and Industrial Hygiene Samples by ICP-MS Application Environmental Authors Steve Wilbur and Emmett Soffey Agilent Technologies, Inc. Bellevue, WA USA Craig Jones
More informationicap 7000 Plus Series ICP-OES Streamlined performance and ultra-low ICP-OES detection limits for routine laboratories
icap 7000 Plus Series ICP-OES Streamlined performance and ultra-low ICP-OES detection limits for routine laboratories icap 7000 Plus Series ICP-OES Powerful multi-element performance for routine and research
More informationMETHOD 3040A DISSOLUTION PROCEDURE FOR OILS, GREASES, OR WAXES
METHOD 3040A DISSOLUTION PROCEDURE FOR OILS, GREASES, OR WAXES 1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION 1.1 This method is used for the preparation of samples containing oils, greases, or waxes for analysis by flame
More informationAvio 200 ICP-OES Flat Plate
Avio 200 ICP-OES Flat Plate Riccardo MAGARINI, EMEA Sr. Specialist for Atomic Spectroscopy Budapest 2016, October 17 th The beginnings (1960s ): Greenfield s and Fassel s plasmas 2 The standard helical
More informationAnalysis of Samples Related to Nuclear Submarine Operation
Analysis of Samples Related to Nuclear Submarine Operation Agnès Cosnier, Jobin Yvon S.A.S., Horiba Group, Longjumeau, France Keywords: nuclear 1 Introduction Eight samples from the Nuclear Division of
More informationOptima 8x00 Series. ICP Optical Emission Spectrometers
Optima 8x00 Series ICP Optical Emission Spectrometers ENVIRONMENTAL Easy to use and engineered for exceptional throughput and detection limits, the Optima 8x00 series helps maximize productivity and profitability.
More informationAccurate. Robust. Reliable. AGILENT 710 SERIES ICP-OES
Accurate. Robust. Reliable. AGILENT 710 SERIES ICP-OES Agilent 710 Series ICP-OES Agilent Technologies is now your premier resource and partner for atomic spectroscopy. With the 2010 addition of Varian
More informationAccurate. Robust. Reliable. AGILENT 710 SERIES ICP-OES
Accurate. Robust. Reliable. AGILENT 710 SERIES ICP-OES Agilent 710 Series ICP-OES Agilent Technologies is now your premier resource and partner for atomic spectroscopy. With the 2010 addition of Varian
More informationAnalysis of Trace Elements in Seawater Using the Thermo Scientific icap 7000 Series ICP-OES Duo
Analysis of Trace s in Seawater Using the Thermo Scientific icap 7000 Series ICP-OES Duo Christos Spanos, Applications Chemist, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cambridge, UK Application Note 43185 Key Words
More informationAtomic Spectroscopy Solutions for Environmental Applications
> Return to Table of Contents > Search entire document AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES Determination of metals in soils using the 4100 MP-AES Application note Author Terrance Hettipathirana Agilent Technologies Melbourne,
More informationEXPERIMENT 5. Molecular Absorption Spectroscopy: Determination of Iron with 1,10-Phenanthroline
EXPERIMENT 5 Molecular Absorption Spectroscopy: Determination of Iron with 1,10-Phenanthroline UNKNOWN Submit a clean, labeled 100-mL volumetric flask to the instructor so that your unknown iron solution
More informationOptima 8x00 Series. ICP Optical Emission Spectrometers
Optima 8x00 Series ICP Optical Emission Spectrometers ENVIRONMENTAL Easy to use and engineered for exceptional throughput and detection limits, the Optima 8x00 series helps maximize productivity and profitability.
More informationRadial, Axial or Dual View ICP: Which Do You Choose? Manny Almeida Teledyne Leeman Labs, Inc. Hudson, NH
Radial, Axial or Dual View ICP: Which Do You Choose? Manny Almeida Teledyne Leeman Labs, Inc. Hudson, NH 03031 Manuel.Almeida@Teledyne.com Teledyne Leeman Labs, Inc. US based manufacturer of Elemental
More informationAutomating EPA 6020 Compliant Analysis with the Agilent 7900 ICP-MS and ESI prepfast Autodilution System
Automating EPA 6020 Compliant Analysis with the Agilent 7900 ICP-MS and ESI prepfast Autodilution System Application Note Environmental Authors Austin Schultz and Jake Unnerstall, Elemental Scientific,
More informationTender Document. National Centre of Excellence in Analytical. Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro. Inductive Coupled Plasma (ICP -OES) ISSUED BY:
National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro. Tender Document Inductive Coupled Plasma (ICP -OES) ISSUED TO M/s. ------------------------------------------------
More informationTrace Elements in Petrochemical Samples: Achieving Excellent Analytical Results
A sponsored executive summary. Trace Elements in Petrochemical Samples: Achieving Excellent Analytical Results Matthew Cassap ICP-OES Product Manager Thermo Fisher Scientific Executive Summary of the Thermo
More informationAnalysis of Trace Metals in Tobacco and Tobacco Ash using Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
CHEM 411L Instrumental Analysis Laboratory Revision 1.0 Analysis of Trace Metals in Tobacco and Tobacco Ash using Atomic Emission Spectroscopy In this laboratory exercise, we will analyze cigarette tobacco
More informationPROCUREMENT PROCEDURE OF CPRI (NON WORKS) Dt of Revision : Issue Dt. :
Revision No. : 03 Page 1 of 14 1 Place where equipment to be supplied 2 Scope (Supply, Supply & Installation/Supply, Installation & Training) DMD, CPRI, Bengaluru Supply, Installation, commissioning and
More informationDetermination of 22 Elements Following US EPA Guidelines with a New Megapixel CCD ICP-OES
Determination of 22 Elements Following US EPA Guidelines with a New Megapixel CCD ICP-OES Application Note Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometers Author Ingrid Szikla Introduction Elemental
More informationAMAZINGLY CAPABLE REMARKABLY AFFORDABLE. Avio 200 ICP Optical Emission Spectrometer. For research use only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
AMAZINGLY CAPABLE REMARKABLY AFFORDABLE Avio 200 ICP Optical Emission Spectrometer For research use only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. PERFORMANCE VALUE AND EASE OF USE IN ONE COMPACT PACKAGE
More informationMETHODS OF ANALYSIS BY THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NATIONAL WATER QUALITY LABORATORY-- DETERMINATION OF CHROMIUM IN WATER BY GRAPHITE
METHODS OF ANALYSIS BY THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NATIONAL WATER QUALITY LABORATORY-- DETERMINATION OF CHROMIUM IN WATER BY GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY By Betty J. McLain U.S.
More informationUS EPA Method using the Thermo Scientific icap 7600 ICP-OES Duo
APPLICATION NOTE 43157 US EPA Method 200.7 using the Thermo Scientific icap 7600 ICP-OES Duo Authors Introduction James Hannan, Application Specialist, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hemel Hempstead, UK In
More informationDetermination of In 3+ in solution by ICP-OES and 5-Br-PADAP spectrophotometry
Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research,, 6():- Research Article ISSN : 97-78 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC Determination of In + in solution by ICP-OES and -Br-PADAP spectrophotometry
More informationEco Plasma Innovative Inductively Coupled Plasma Technology
Eco Plasma Innovative Inductively Coupled Plasma Technology Introduction Since the 1980s inductively coupled plasma (ICP) excitation sources are coupled to mass spectrometers to combine the advantages
More informationThe Determination of Trace Elements in Stainless Steel by Forked Platform GFAAS
The Determination of Trace Elements in Stainless Steel by Forked Platform GFAAS Application Note Atomic Absorption Author Lucinda M. Beach Introduction The metallurgical behavior of stainless steel is
More informationICP-OES. Varian Vista-MPX CCD Simultaneous ICP-OES
ICP-OES Varian Vista-MPX CCD Simultaneous ICP-OES Varian Vista-MPX ICP-OES Delivering the productivity of simultaneous ICP-OES at an affordable price Varian, Inc. is a recognized world leader and innovator
More informationKunikazu Ide and Yoshisuke Nakamura. 1. Introduction
Materials Transactions, Vol. 43, No. 6 (2002) pp. 1409 to 1414 c 2002 The Japan Institute of Metals Determination of Ti, V, Zr, Nb, Mo and Ta in High-Purity Iron Using Cupferron Co-Precipitation Separation
More informationMethod for Estimation of Na 2 O and K 2 O in Ores, Fluxes, Coal and Coke Ash by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
Journal of Minerals & Materials Characterization & Engineering, Vol. 8, No.1, pp 57-71, 2009 jmmce.org Printed in the USA. All rights reserved Method for Estimation of Na 2 O and K 2 O in Ores, Fluxes,
More informationEU water analysis using the Thermo Scientific icap 7400 ICP-OES Duo
APPLICATION NOTE 43171 EU water analysis using the Thermo Scientific icap 7400 ICP-OES Duo Authors Introduction James Hannan, Application Specialist, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hemel Hempstead, UK Within
More informationMETHOD 7550 OSMIUM (ATOMIC ABSORPTION, DIRECT ASPIRATION)
METHOD 7550 OSMIUM (ATOMIC ABSORPTION, DIRECT ASPIRATION) 1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION 1.1 Method 7550 is an atomic absorption procedure approved for determining the concentration of osmium in wastes, mobility
More informationAgilent 5100 ICP-OES DUAL VIEW ICP-OES MINUS THE WAIT
Agilent 5100 ICP-OES DUAL VIEW ICP-OES MINUS THE WAIT AGILENT 5100 ICP-OES THE FASTEST ICP-OES... EVER. The Agilent 5100 Synchronous Vertical Dual View (SVDV) ICP-OES revolutionizes ICP-OES analysis. With
More informationS8 TIGER Series 2. Lab Report XRF 144. Innovation with Integrity. Accurate Quality Control of Tool Steels XRF
Lab Report XRF 144 S8 TIGER Series 2 Accurate Quality Control of Tool Steels Tool steels are iron-based alloys that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their
More informationVHG Labs. Standards and Supplies for Spectrochemical Analysis QUALITY. TRACEABILITY. DEPENDABILITY. WORLDWIDE
VHG Labs Standards and Supplies for Spectrochemical Analysis QUALITY. TRACEABILITY. DEPENDABILITY. WORLDWIDE Committed To Our Customers Our Mission Statement: VHG Labs provides superior value to our customers
More informationHigh performance radio frequency generator technology for the Thermo Scientific icap 7000 Plus Series ICP-OES
TECHNICAL NOTE 43334 High performance radio frequency generator technology for the Thermo Scientific icap 7000 Plus Series ICP-OES Keywords Free-running, Plasma, RF generator, Solid-state Using inductively
More informationUtilizing Glow Discharge in Optical Emission Spectroscopy
Frequently Asked Questions Utilizing Glow Discharge in Optical Emission Spectroscopy Introduction For over 70 years, industries around the world have trusted LECO Corporation to deliver technologically
More informationTITLE: Surface Decontamination of Iron Compounds (Iron (II) Chloride (FeCl 2 )) by DeconGel TM
TITLE: Surface Decontamination of Iron Compounds (Iron (II) Chloride (FeCl 2 )) by DeconGel TM ABSTRACT Surface decontamination efficacy determination of DeconGel TM on stainless steel, carbon steel, aluminum
More informationDRPK-005
1114 Seaco Avenue Deer Park, TX 77536 Ph: (713) 844-3200 Fax: (713) 844-3330 Report of Analysis Submitted By: Address: Contact: Item No.: Client Ref. No.: Date Received: Testing Period: Country of Origin:
More informationThe image part with relationship ID rid4 was not found in the file. Welcome
The image part with relationship ID rid4 was not found in the file. Welcome Trace Metals Analysis: Impurity Determinations By Thomas Kozikowski Chemist, R&D at Inorganic Ventures Key Considerations What
More informationSimultaneous Oxygen, Nitrogen and Hydrogen Determination of Metals. Dennis Lawrenz, John Hawkins
Simultaneous Oxygen, Nitrogen and Hydrogen Determination of Metals Dennis Lawrenz, John Hawkins LECO Corporation, St Joseph, Michigan, USA The inert gas fusion (IGF) principle has been used to determine
More informationTITLE: Surface Decontamination of Cadmium Compounds (Cadmium Chloride (CdCl 2 ) and Cadmium Oxide (CdO)) by DeconGel TM
TITLE: Surface Decontamination of Cadmium Compounds (Cadmium Chloride (CdCl 2 ) and Cadmium Oxide (CdO)) by DeconGel TM OBJECTIVE The surface decontamination efficacy determination of DeconGel TM on stainless
More informationANALYTICAL PERFORMANCE OF A HANDHELD EDXRF SPECTROMETER WITH MINIATURE X-RAY TUBE EXCITATION
JPACSM 56 ANALYTICAL PERFORMANCE OF A HANDHELD EDXRF SPECTROMETER WITH MINIATURE X-RAY TUBE EXCITATION Volker Thomsen and Debbie Schatzlein NITON LLC Billerica, MA ABSTRACT The analytical performance of
More informationImproving Sampling Techniques for the Analysis of Lead in Groundwater: Determining Optimal Filtration Conditions. Contract Number: SR00-055
Improving Sampling Techniques for the Analysis of Lead in Groundwater: Determining Optimal Filtration Conditions Contract Number: SR00-055 Submitted to State of New Jersey, Department of Environmental
More informationGuidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-OES Systems. Eric Vanclay Product Manager Spectroscopy Consumables May 2, 2012
Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-OES Systems Eric Vanclay Product Manager Spectroscopy Consumables May 2, 2012 Today s Agilent: Atomic Spectroscopy World s best, most complete atomic
More informationMetals Analyzer. OES 6000 Optical Emission Spectrometer. fast and accurate metal analysis
fast and accurate metal analysis Application fields Elemental analysis plays a crusial role in the quality control of the metal smelting, casting and processing industry. Skyray Instruments s are widely
More informationAnalysis of Environmental Samples with the Agilent 730-ES Following US EPA Guidelines
Analysis of Environmental Samples with the Agilent 730-ES Following US EPA Guidelines Application Note Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometers Author Vincent Calderon Introduction The
More informationProduct Descriptions and Offerings
Product Descriptions and Offerings Automation and Sample Handling Teledyne CETAC Technologies autosamplers are constantly evolving in response to requests for automation products that vary in size, speed
More informationThe Determination of Trace Elements in Waters using the US EPA Method and the Thermo Scientific icap 6500 ICP-OES (Duo)
Application Note: 40853 The Determination of Trace Elements in Waters using the US EPA Method 200.7 and the Thermo Scientific icap 6500 ICP-OES (Duo) Matthew Cassap, Senior ICP Applications Specialist,
More informationIUCLID 5 COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS GUIDANCE DOCUMENT:
IUCLID 5 COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS GUIDANCE DOCUMENT: IRON [EINECS NUMBER 231-096-4, CAS NUMBER 7439-89-6] including IRON, FURNACE [EINECS NUMBER 265-998-4 CAS NUMBER 65996-67-0] INTRODUCTION Each REACH
More informationSpectro-photometric determinations of Mn, Fe and Cu in aluminum master alloys
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering PAPER OPEN ACCESS Spectro-photometric determinations of Mn, Fe and Cu in aluminum master alloys To cite this article: Rehan, A. Naveed et al 2016
More informationSkoog, Holler and Nieman, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 5th edition, Saunders College Publishing, Fort Worth, TX 1998, Ch 33.
CHEM 3281 Experiment Ten Determination of Phosphate by Flow Injection Analysis Objective: The aim of the experiment is to investigate the experimental variables of FIA for a model system and then to use
More informationNational Food Safety Standard
National standard of People s Republic of China GB 5413.21 2010 National Food Safety Standard Determination of calcium, iron, zinc, sodium, potassium, magnesium, copper and manganese in foods for infants
More informationDetermination of sodium, calcium, copper, iron and manganese in pulp and paper by atomic absorption spectroscopy (Five-year review of T 266 om-11)
NOTICE: This is a DRAFT of a TAPPI Standard in ballot. Although available for public viewing, it is still under TAPPI s copyright and may not be reproduced or distributed without permission of TAPPI. This
More informationAbstract No. 21. Excitation Mechanisms in Microwave-induced Plasma Excited with Okamoto-cavity and the Spectrometric Application to Steel Analysis
Abstract No. 21 Excitation Mechanisms in Microwave-induced Plasma Excited with Okamoto-cavity and the Spectrometric Application to Steel Analysis Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Japan
More informationDetermination of iron content in iron oxide used for fireworks and firecrackers based on Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (EDXRF
Advances in Engineering Research (AER), volume 148 3rd Workshop on Advanced Research and Technology in Industry Applications (WARTIA 2017) Determination of iron content in iron oxide used for fireworks
More informationApplication Note AN1501
Application Note AN1501 Ultra-Trace Mercury Determination in Bottled Water, EPA Method 1631, Using the QuickTrace M-8000 CVAFS Introduction Mercury determination in water and foodstuffs is a crucial part
More informationEDX 600. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry EDX 600 AAS9000 Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometer AAS 8000 Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometer AAS 6000 Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer
More informationACETALDEHYDE. The procedure is applicable to corn syrups including those containing fructose, and to most other starch hydrolyzates (Note 1).
ACETA.01-1 ACETALDEHYDE PRINCIPLE SCOPE Acetaldehyde is released from the syrup by treatment with dilute phosphoric acid and heat. The liberated acetaldehyde is then measured using a head space gas chromatographic
More informationAnalysis of Copper and Copper Base Alloys, Using Shimadzu PDA-7000
C112-0514M Analysis of Copper and Copper Base Alloys, Using Shimadzu PDA-7000 Copper alloys are designated by their chemical composition with characteristic properties such as high corrosion resistance,
More informationInstitute for Reference Materials and Measurements Community Reference Laboratory for Feed Additives
EUROPEAN COMMISSION JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements Community Reference Laboratory for Feed Additives D08/FSQ/CVH/GS/D(2007) 18417 CRL Evaluation Report on the
More informationThe Agilent Atomic Spectroscopy portfolio for Environmental applications AA, MP-AES, ICP-OES, ICP-MS & ICP-QQQ
The Agilent Atomic Spectroscopy portfolio for Environmental applications AA, MP-AES, ICP-OES, ICP-MS & ICP-QQQ 1 History of Technology Leadership in Atomic Spectroscopy 62 AAS instruments manufactured
More informationComparing an instrumental technique based on its
10 Spectroscopy 33(3) March 2018 www.spectroscopyonline.com Atomic Perspectives Choosing the Right Atomic Spectroscopic Technique for Measuring Elemental Impurities in Pharmaceuticals: A J-Value Perspective
More informationThe Determination of Toxic Metals in Waters and Wastes by Furnace Atomic Absorption
The Determination of Toxic Metals in Waters and Wastes by Furnace Atomic Absorption Application Note Atomic Absorption Authors Douglas E. Shrader Lucinda M. Voth Lawrence A. Covick Introduction With the
More informationRubber and plastics gloves for food services Limits for extractable substances
Provläsningsexemplar / Preview INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14285 First edition 2014-02-15 Rubber and plastics gloves for food services Limits for extractable substances Gants en caoutchouc et en plastique
More informationFields of Application / Industry:
Fields of Application / Industry: Chemistry / Polymer Industry Clinical Chemistry / Medicine / Hygiene / Health Care Cosmetics Electronics Energy Environment / Water / Waste Food / Agriculture Geology
More informationEU Water Analysis Using the Thermo Scientific icap 7400 ICP-OES Duo
EU Water Analysis Using the Thermo Scientific icap 7400 ICP-OES Duo James Hannan, Applications Chemist, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cambridge, UK Application Note 43171 Key Words Environmental, EU, waste,
More informationTechnical specifications
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer Technical specifications TGA balance type Top-loading balance Temperature range Ambient to 1000 o C Temperature calibration Curie point Scanning rates 0.1 to 200 o C/min Scanning
More informationSample preparation for X-ray fluorescence analysis V. Fusion bead method part 2: practical applications
Technical articles Sample preparation for X-ray fluorescence analysis V. Fusion bead method part 2: practical applications Mitsuru Watanabe* 1. Introduction The general preparation method of fusion bead,
More informationAgilent Atomic Spectroscopy Solutions for Energy & Chemicals AA, MP-AES, ICP-OES, ICP-MS.
Agilent Atomic Spectroscopy Solutions for Energy & Chemicals AA, MP-AES, ICP-OES, ICP-MS. 1 Agilent Technology Leadership, the first 55 years 1957 Built components for world's first AA (as Techtron) 1971
More informationSIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF IRON (II) AND TOTAL IRON USING FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS
SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF IRON (II) AND TOTAL IRON USING FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS ABDULRAHMAN SHABAN ATTIYAT Chemistry Department, Yarmouk University, Irbid-Jordan, email: attiyat@excite.com
More informationGOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE Agilent Cary 8454 UV-Visible Spectroscopy System
GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE Agilent Cary 8454 UV-Visible Spectroscopy System Introduction The objective of good laboratory practice (GLP) is to obtain accurate and precise results, using a measurement system
More informationCorn Syrup Analysis E-43-1 LEAD (CHELATING MEMBRANE CONCENTRATION AND GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY)
Corn Syrup Analysis E-43-1 FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY) PRINCIPLE SCOPE The sample is diluted to 10% solids and is filtered through a membrane containing a chelating resin in monovalent salt
More information