PNN vs PNG. Comparison of PNN and PNG Measurements With Case-Studies. Zoran Markovic - Chombe. Hotwell Handelsges.m.b.H

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1 PNN vs PNG Comparison of PNN and PNG Measurements With Case-Studies. Hotwell Handelsges.m.b.H Oedenburger Strasse Klingenbach, AUSTRIA Tel.: +43 () Fax: +43 () office@hotwell.at Zoran Markovic - Chombe best components simple design rigorous testing no sacrifice to performance Petrophysical Interpretation Using Only PNN Data/ Chombe 1

2 Aim of the presentation: Explain the PNG PNN Difference Present some PNN Interpretation Facts Devaluate Some Wrong Opinion On PNN 2 Show Number of Case Studies

3 PNN 1998 Today In the Future - Pulsed Neutron Neutron PNG 196 s Present Future - Pulsed Neutron Gamma 3

4 Shale Limestone Dolomite Anhydrite Sandstone Schematic of PNN measurement Porosity Porosity Lithology 1 Lithology 1 1 Porosity Porosity PNN - measures Neutrons - Directly measures Die-Away Function of thermal neutrons 175 PNG measures Capture GR - Indirectly measures Die-Away Function of Thermal Neutrons 4 11

5 PNN PNG 5

6 Measuring Neutrons: 6 - Excellent Gas Indicator - Excellent Porosity Indicator (HI) - Better resolution in low sigma values (oil or low salinity water layers) - Stop-Checks - Any Borehole Fluid - No Background

7 PNN Logging and Interpretation Facts Purpose: Evaluation of present water saturation in reservoirs: -Qualitatively -Quantitatively 7

8 Petrophysical Interpretation Using Only PNN Data/ Chombe PNN Logging and Interpretation Facts Qualiitative Interpretation: (Sigma, Ratio, LSN,SSN) 8 Clean formation (without significant shaliness) High porosity normally > 2% There should be no significant change (>6-8%) in porosity inside interval evaluating. High formation water salinity > 4ppm (4 g/l) No significant change of lithology inside evaluation interval. To it should be clean quartz sandstones or clean limestones or clean dolomites. Any kind of more complex lithology does not enable qualitative interpretation. Information on quantitative water saturation value is not important.

9 PNN Logging and Interpretation Facts Quantitative Interpretation: Petrophysical Interpretation Multimineral From OH From PNN Fluid Capture Cross-Section. Shale\Matrix Capture Cross-Section. X-Plots. Shale Matrix Hydrocarbon Water Pore space 9

10 PNN Logging and Interpretation Facts Lithology Influence: 1 If All from previous slide is known lithology is not important: High porosity high to low salinity sandstones. Low porosity high to low salinity sandstones. Shally sandstones. High porosity diff. salinity limestones. High porosity diff salinity dolomites. Mixed and complex lithologies with variety of salinities. Any of the examples may be requested to support these claims.

11 Wrong Opinion About PNN: Through different interpretation techniques application on wide variety of reservoirs in > 5 wells all around world (Middle East, China, USA, Canada, Venezuela, Indonesia we made a lot of experience in all kind of lithologies and any claim that PNN can be or cannot be run in certain conditions is completely wrong and can be stated only from someone who does not have experience with PNN or any other pulsed neutron interpretation. 11

12 Case 1 12

13 Case 2 PNN PNG

14 Case 3 PNN PNG 27

15 Oil Saturation Oil Displaced Shale Tight Separation Water Saturation Limestone Case 4 PNN - 27 CCL 5 1 PERF GRPNN 15 GR [GR] TEMPF 16 1 SW PNN 1 SW OH [SW] 5 SIGMA 5 Porosity [POR] 5 PORW PNN 9 LSN PNN 39 Lithology [VSH] 1 1 Porosity [PORT] HTDT 27 5 SIGMA_HallTDT SSN PNN 1 5 PORW OH [PORW] 525 Claytonville 4-3 Texas Claytonville Canyon Lime Unit lithology: the bottom is limestone, some reef, the top may be some sandstone with carbonate - lack of OH data, so not lithology differentiation. Porosity average around 7 %, maximum up to 15 %. Salinity: 98 ppm Chlorides The Halliburton TDT was measured at same time with the PNN 27. It appears to me that they used some compensation for the shale content in the TDT Sigma? Unfortunately the did not go down to perforated reservoir part with the TDT and TDT is not depth matched to the OH.

16 Case 5 Oil Saturation Oil Displaced Shale Tight Separation Water Saturation Limestone CCL5 Diff. SWTDT- SWPNN GRPNN 15 1 SW PNN 5 Porosity [POR] Lithology [VSH] 1 PNN - 27 TDT PERF GR [GR_D] 15 1 SW OH [SW] 5 PORW PNN 1 Porosity [PORT] 14 TEMPF 15 5 SIGMA 21 LSN PNN SIGMA TDT 9 1 SW TDT 9 SSN PNN 1 5 PORW OH [PORW] well: Claytonville 4-1 Location: Texas Carbonate reef is main target, above is some sandy lithology. - Average porosity: 7.5% - Formation water salinity: 98 ppm hydrocarbon: oil 54 - the comparison in saturation was made using same quant parameters for Sigma TDT as for calculation with PNN Generally: unsufficient OH data, so for all wells in this field it is hard to make good lithology and porosity calculation

17 Case 6 Hyd. Displ. Water Sat. SSN-LSN Separation Hydrocarbon Sat. Shale Limestone CCL [CCL] 5 GR PNN [GRPNN] 15 Dolomite 5 Sigma [SIGMA] 1 Sw OH [SW] 1 SWPDK_4 5 Porosity [POR] Lithology [VSH] 1 PNN - 25 Perf 1 26 Temperature [TOUTF] 27 5 SGLOG 1 Sw PNN [SWPNN] 1 SW_OH 5 Porosity Wate [PORW] 1 Porosity [PORT] GR_OH 15 5 SIGMA_PDK4 5 PorW PNN [PORWPNN] SSN PNN [SSN] 1 4 LSN PNN [LSN] 24 PDK well: X-11 Location: Abu Dhabi Offshore Limestone. - Average porosity: 27% Upper Zone 18% Deeper Zone - Formation water salinity: 18 ppm hydrocarbon: oil the comparison in saturation was made using same quant parameters for Sigma TDT as for calculation with PNN

18 Case 7 Hyd. Displ. Water Sat. SSN-LSN Separation Hydrocarbon Sat. Shale Limestone CCL [CCL] 5 Perf 1 GR PNN [GRPNN] Temperature [TEMPF] 27 GR_OH 15 5 Sigma [SIGMA] 5 SGLOG 5 SIGMA_PDK4 5 SIGMA_RST4 1 Sw OH [SW] 1 Sw PNN [SWPNN] 1 SWRST 1 SW_OH 5 Porosity [POR] 5 Porosity Wate [PORW] 5 PorW PNN [PORWPNN] SSN PNN [SSN] 1 4 LSN PNN [LSN] 24 Lithology [VSH] 1 1 Porosity [PORT] PNN - 25 PDK - 25 RST well: X-15 Location: Abu Dhabi Offshore - Limestone. - Average porosity: 27% Upper Zone 18% Deeper Zone - Formation water salinity: 18 ppm hydrocarbon: oil the comparison in saturation was made using same quant parameters for Sigma TDT as for calculation with PNN

19 Case 7 Hyd. Displ. Water Sat. SSN-LSN Separation Hydrocarbon Sat. Shale Limestone CCL [CCL] 5 GR PNN [GRPNN] Temperature [TEMPF] 21 5 Sigma [SIGMA] 5 SIGMA_PDK4 1 Sw OH [SW] 1 Sw PNN [SWPNN] 1 SWPDK_4 1 SW_OH 5 Porosity [POR] 5 Porosity Wate [PORW] Lithology [VSH] 1 1 Porosity [PORT] PNN - 25 PDK 24 GR_OH 15 5 PorW PNN [PORWPNN] SSN PNN [SSN] 1 4 LSN PNN [LSN] 24 well: X-19 Location: Abu Dhabi Offshore Limestone. - Average porosity: 27% Upper Zone 18% Deeper Zone - Formation water salinity: 18 ppm hydrocarbon: oil 87 - the comparison in saturation was made using same quant parameters for Sigma TDT as for calculation with PNN

20 Case 8 Hyd. Displ. Water Sat. SSN-LSN Separation Hydrocarbon Sat. Shale Limestone CCL [CCL] 5 Perf 1 GR PNN [GRPNN] Temperature [TEMPF] 27 5 Sigma [SIGMA] 5 SGLOG 1 Sw OH [SW] 1 Sw PNN [SWPNN] 1 SWPDK_4 1 SW_OH 5 Porosity [POR] 5 Porosity Wate [PORW] Lithology [VSH] 1 1 Porosity [PORT] PNN - 25 GR_OH 15 5 SIGMA_PDK4 5 PorW PNN [PORWPNN] SSN PNN [SSN] 1 4 LSN PNN [LSN] 24 PDK well: X-19 Location: Abu Dhabi Offshore Limestone. - Average porosity: 27% Upper Zone 18% Deeper Zone - Formation water salinity: 18 ppm hydrocarbon: oil the comparison in saturation was made using same quant parameters for Sigma TDT as for calculation with PNN

21 Case 9 Hyd. Displ. Water Sat. SSN-LSN Separation Hydrocarbon Sat. Shale Limestone CCL [CCL] 5 GR PNN [GRPNN] Temperature [TEMPF] 22 GR_OH 15 5 Sigma [SIGMA] 5 SIGMA_PDK4 1 Sw OH [SW] 1 Sw PNN [SWPNN] 1 SWPDK 1 SW_OH 5 Porosity [POR] 5 Porosity Wate [PORW] 5 PorW PNN [PORWPNN] Lithology [VSH] 1 1 Porosity [PORT] PNN - 25 PDK 24 SSN PNN [SSN] 15 LSN PNN [LSN] well: X-298 Location: Abu Dhabi Offshore - Limestone. - Average porosity: 27% Upper Zone 18% Deeper Zone - Formation water salinity: 18 ppm hydrocarbon: oil the comparison in saturation was made using same quant parameters for Sigma TDT as for calculation with PNN

22 Case 1 Hyd. Displ. Water Sat. SSN-LSN Separation Hydrocarbon Sat. Shale Limestone CCL [CCL] 5 Perf 1 GR PNN [GRPNN] Temperature [TOUTF] 27 Dolomite 5 Sigma [SIGMA] 5 SGLOG 5 SIGMA_PDK4 5 SIGMA_RST 1 Sw OH [SW] 1 Sw PNN [SWPNN] 1 SWPDK_4 1 SW_OH 5 Porosity [POR] 5 Porosity Wate [PORW] 5 PorW PNN [PORWPNN] SSN PNN [SSN] 1 8 LSN PNN [LSN] 28 Lithology [VSH] 1 1 Porosity [PORT] PNN - 25 PDK 24 RST well: X-298 Location: Abu Dhabi Offshore - Limestone. - Average porosity: 27% Upper Zone 18% Deeper Zone - Formation water salinity: 18 ppm hydrocarbon: oil the comparison in saturation was made using same quant parameters for Sigma TDT as for calculation with PNN

23 Hy d.dis pl. Hy dorc y rbon Sat. Hy d.dis pl. Hy dorc y rbon Sat. SSN-LSN Saparation Hy d.dis pl. Hy dorc y rbon Sat. Water Sat. Limes tone CCL5 GRPNN Tem pera ture(tou151 5 SIGMA 5 SGLOG 5 SIGMA_RST 1 SW_OH 1 SWPNN 1 SWPDK 1 SW_OH 5 Porosity(POR) 5 Porosity Water 5 PorWPNN (PORWPN SSN PNN (SSN) 1 1 LSN PNN (LSN) 21 Litology (VSH) 1 1 Porosity (PORT) Case 11 PNN - 25 PDK 24 well: X-317 Location: Abu Dhabi Offshore - Limestone. - Average porosity: 27% Upper Zone 18% Deeper Zone - Formation water salinity: 18 ppm hydrocarbon: oil - the comparison in saturation was made using same quant parameters for Sigma TDT as for calculation with PNN. 23

24 Summary: There are many advantages of PNN according to PNG tools There are only few cases where PNN has disadvantage PNN works very fine in all lithology's 24

25 Thanks...????????????? 25

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