Bio-Carbon for Canadian Iron and Steel Production
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1 1 Bio-Carbon for Canadian Iron and Steel Production Ka Wing Ng Metallurgical Fuels Laboratory Natural Resources Canada, CanmetENERGY BioCleanTech Forum November 1-3, 2016 Ottawa, Canada
2 2 CanmetENERGY-Ottawa CanmetENERGY-Ottawa leads the development of energy S&T solutions for the environmental and economic benefit of Canadians
3 3 Metallurgical Fuels Lab Pierre Martin, Group Manager 4 Research Scientists 1 Research Engineer 10 Technologists Over 40 years experience in coal carbonization and blast furnace ironmaking research Member of Canadian Carbonization Research Association (CCRA)
4 4 Canadian Carbonization Research Association Consortium of steel producers, coal producers and cokemakers Collaborative research to address industrial needs Met coal carbonization, Blast furnace ironmaking Integrated Steel Mill Met Coal Producer Cokemaker CanmetENERGY MFL
5 5 GHG Mitigation by Fuel Switching Substitution of fossil carbon by renewable bio-carbon Incorporation of bio-carbon in existing iron and steel making facilities to avoid capital investment Medium term goal (2030) 10% substitution metallurgical coal in cokemaking by renewable biocarbon. 100% replacement of injection coal in blast furnace ironmaking by renewable bio-carbon 100% replacement of injection carbon (for slag foaming ) and charge carbon (for supplementary energy) in EAF steelmaking by renewable bio-carbon
6 6 Coal Mine ~1.5 t CO2 495 kg Coking Coal Cokemaking 350 kg Coke 655 kg Coal 160 kg PCI Coal 1 thm Ironmaking Present
7 7 Coal Mine ~1 t CO2 445 kg Coking Coal Cokemaking 50 kg Biochar 350 kg Coke 445 kg Coal 700 kg Biomass 160 kg Biochar 1 thm Ironmaking 210 kg Biochar Goal Biomass Collection Pyrolysis (yield 30%)
8 8 Bio-Char Supply Chain Pathway Raw biomass Sources Pyrolysis Utilization Saw mill residues Pulp mill residues Harvesting residues Demolition Wood Torrefaction/ Slow Pyrolysis Fast Pyrolysis Hydrothermal Carbonization Blast Furnace Pulverized Coal Injection Cokemaking Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking
9 9 Pyrolysis Technology Evaluation To understand the effect of various factors on bio-char properties to assist pathway selection Effect of feedstock Capability of pyrolysis technology in handling different feedstocks Effect of pyrolysis technology and processing conditions Partners: Ben Bronson (Bioenergy/CanmetENERGY): Fast Pyrolysis Guy Tourigny (Bioenergy/CanmetENERGY): Torrefaction Animesh Dutta (U of Guelph): Hydrothermal Carbonization
10 10 Test Program Saw Mill Residues Pulp Mill Residues Harvesting Residues Demolition Wood Torrefaction: Rotary Kiln CanmetENERGY Fast Pyrolysis: Fluidized Bed CanmetENERGY Hydrothermal Carbonization: U of Guelph Bio-char properties PCI Cokemaking EAF
11 11 Saw Dust Torrefaction: Rotary Kiln T3 T2 T1
12 Torrefied Saw Dust- Composition 12
13 Torrefied Saw Dust- Composition 13
14 Torrefied Saw Dust- Yield 14
15 15 Blast Furnace Ironmaking C (coke/injection coal) + O2( hot blast) Heat Metallic Fe CO(g) Iron Ore (Fe2O3) Coke, Iron Ore, Flux Molten Fe (Hot metal) Pulverized Coal Pulverized Coal Hot Blast Slag Molten Iron (Hot Metal) Hot Blast
16 16 Replacing PCI by Torrefied Saw Dust Heat and mass balance modeling Thermodynamic modeling Effect on blast furnace operations Fuel (coke + injectant) consumption Alkaline (Na+K) accumulation Potential GHG reduction Raw biomass demand
17 17 Carbon and Energy Input Base Case (Coal Injection) Coke rate: 350kg/tHM Injection rate: 160 kg/thm
18 18 Alkaline Accumulation Flux rate: 70 kg/thm
19 19 Alkaline Accumulation Flux rate: 54 kg/thm
20 Potential GHG Reduction 20
21 21 Next Step Comparison of combustion kinetics of biochar produced at different pyrolysis severity in CanmetENERGY injection simulation rig Pulverized coal injection simulation rig
22 22 Future Work Repeat analysis with biochar produced by different pyrolysis technologies different raw biomass materials Supply information to steel producers, biochar producers and raw biomass suppliers to assist decision making Establishment of biochar supply chain to meet the technical needs of steel production
23 23 Acknowledgements Natural Resources Canada Energy Innovation Program Canadian Carbonization Research Association Canadian Steel Producers Association
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