Controlled Residual Surface Contamination of γtial, Induction Melted in Ceramic Crucibles
|
|
- Derick Gaines
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 1 Controlled Residual Surface Contamination of γtial, Induction Melted in Ceramic Crucibles J. Barbosa, A. Caetano Monteiro, Universidade do Minho, Guimarães, Portugal C. Silva Ribeiro, FEUP, Porto, Portugal Abstract This paper describes the melting procedure of gamma TiAl, using a multi-layered refractory crucible based on stabilized zirconia. Hardness and residual element contamination will be presented and discussed for samples let solidified and cooled inside the crucible in order to simulate the worst cooling conditions, regarding metal-mould reaction (samples subjected to the longest cooling time experimentally available). Results will be compared with samples melted and solidified in calcia and single stabilized zirconia crucibles. Some microhardness, residual contamination profiles and surface finish of samples poured into different refractory investment casting moulds will also be presented and discussed. 1. Introduction On the last decades, titanium and titanium alloys have been under intensive research and development, both for critical applications (aerospace, aeronautic, automotive and chemical industries) and for non-critical ones (sports equipment, photography, arquitecture, food industry). As a result of such effort, a large number of titanium alloys with combination of excellent tensile properties, creep strength and corrosion resistance, associated to a superior strength-to-weight ratio, are now available. Nevertheless, the use of titanium alloys is still reduced - the world consumption in 1998 was around 60,000 tons 1,2 mainly due to the extremely high price of ready to use parts. The actual production for consumer products is expected to increase on the next years, but that will surely depend on an effective cost reduction, either by the development of technological factors (new alloys and production techniques) or by a decrease in the prices of raw materials and on production costs. The major part of titanium and titanium alloys components is produced by plastic formation (forging, rolling, extrusion) and machining, and just a small quantity is produced by casting. However, the increase in the use of casting processes to produce near net shape titanium parts, is believed to be one of the most effective ways to decrease the actual production costs Casting of Titanium Alloys The production of high quality titanium castings is a difficult and expensive task. The main reasons for that are: the high melting point; the extremely high reactivity of titanium alloys against a large amount of elements (solid, liquids and gaseous) at high temperatures, with particular emphasis to oxygen. For this reason, traditional casting techniques and materials cannot be used, both for the melting and the moulding operations, and melting and pouring have to be performed under vacuum
2 2 or inert gas. Usually, arc-melting equipments with non-consumable electrodes and water-cooled copper crucibles are used to obtain billets of the desired composition, which are remelted several times until a quite homogeneous composition is achieved. To produce cast parts, consumable electrode arc melting (VAR) or induction skull melting (ISM) are used to melt previously produced billets and scrap, and the molten metal poured into ceramic moulds made by the investment casting process. In order to avoid metal-mould reaction, the traditional moulding materials cannot be used, because they can lead to a severe contamination of the castings. There are some good references to some moulding materials, but until now any mould material was found to be absolutely inert against titanium. This casting procedure presents some drawbacks: high melting cost due to high energy consumption and multi-melting operations; difficulty to control the superheating; alloy heterogeneity; high installation costs; castings contamination. The use of a ceramic crucible to melt titanium alloys by the induction melting process might be a possible solution, both to decrease melting costs (due to energy costs saving) and to eliminate some casting defects, such as misrun (due to poor superheating), which are the two most important drawbacks of the concurrent melting processes. However, the high reactivity of titanium alloys may impair the quality of the castings made using this process, due to reactions between the melt and the ceramic materials, present both in the crucible and in the mould. These reactions may contaminate the castings, due to the absorption of some residual elements, and chemical heterogeneities, inclusions and structural variations are also frequent. During the melting and solidification/cooling stages, metal-crucible and metal-mould reactions are possible to occur, with a greater probability to the first one, as the metal is at the liquid state and diffusion rates are usually higher. A molten metal-crucible reaction usually produces a uniform increase of the residual element content in the metal, due to the stirring effect of the induction field. During solidification, contamination mainly affects the outside region of the casting, from which results a higher content of contaminant elements near the interface between the casting and the mould wall, continually decreasing to a sort of plateau in which the level of contaminants is held constant (beyond a certain distance from the interface). Refractory materials used to produce foundry moulds are usually single or complex oxides and when a titanium alloy is poured into such moulds, oxygen absorption is usually present, as the mould oxides are less stable than those resulting from the reaction of the melt components with oxygen. This element has a marked tendency to form an interstitial solid solution with titanium. In practice, a harder superficial layer with higher oxygen content can frequently be found in titanium castings, known as "alpha-case". 3 Although there are some evident benefits from the use of refractory crucible induction melting when compared to alternative techniques (ISM or VAR) lower melting costs, lower investment costs, higher superheating, easier operation procedures this application is still depending on the development of suitable ceramic crucibles, because until now no single material was found to be absolute inert against titanium and titanium alloys.
3 3 3. Experimental Technique During the last 3 years, the authors have done research work on this field. Different kinds of crucibles and ceramic moulds have been evaluated, by melting and pouring TiAl, and results are published elsewhere. 4,5,6 Among tested ceramic crucibles ZrO 2 stabilized with different materials, CaO, graphite, and multi-layer ZrO 2 Y 2 O 3 crucibles only CaO and multi-layer ZrO 2 /Y 2 O 3 crucibles revealed to be thermodynamically stable enough to melt TiAl. However, some materials such CaO have high higroscopicity and poor thermal shock resistance, which decrease the possibility to use them on a regular basis. For this reason, multi-layer crucibles where found to be the best. The main objective of this paper is to summarize the results obtained by allowing samples to solidify inside the different crucibles, and describe the results obtained by the use of different moulding materials on the characteristics of TiAl castings, produced both by the investment casting and graphite permanent mould processes. Evaluation of castings was performed considering: microhardness and contaminant concentration profiles; correlation between oxygen concentration and microhardness profiles with the alphacase extension; surface roughness of the castings. The entire processing (melting, pouring and cooling) was performed inside a sealed chamber, where a controlled atmosphere of commercial pure argon was maintained. The chamber was open only after the sample reached room temperature. The melting procedure was the same as used in previous work and published elsewhere. 4,5,6 Melting stock weights 100 g, made of titanium rod grade II and commercial pure 99,8% aluminium. Samples solidified inside the crucibles were 40 mm in diameter and 22 mm long. Cast specimens were cylinders 20 mm in diameter and 85 mm long, and were poured around 1600ºC. Moulds were made using the shell investment casting process, but graphite permanent shells were also used. Production of investment casting shells was performed using traditional dip coatingstuccoing techniques, and permanent graphite shells were produced by machining. Shells were centrifugally poured, and for that operation they were placed inside a cylindrical positioning box and sustained inside by filling the remaining space inside the box with sodium silicate/co 2 moulding sand. Ceramic moulds (shells) have been produced using three different slurry-stucco systems, based on different binders and refractories (table 1). Table 1: Materials used to produce ceramic shells System nature Layers Slurry Stucco Nr. of layers Binder Refractory Silica Face coat and backup Colloidal SiO 2 Fused SiO 2 SiO 2 6 Zirconia Face coat and backup Colloidal ZrO 2 ZrO 2 ZrO 2 6 Multi-material 1st layer Colloidal Y 2 O 3 Y 2 O 3-1 2nd layer Colloidal Y 2 O 3 Y 2 O 3 ZrO 2 1 Backup layers Colloidal ZrO 2 ZrO 2 ZrO 2 6
4 4 Shells have been dried and dewaxed by thermal-shock and fired at 1100 ºC for 4 hours (ZrO 2 based and multi-material shells) or 1000 ºC for 2 hours (SiO 2 based shells). Mould temperature during pouring was around 100 ºC. 4. Experimental results Samples for characterization were collected from the middle section of the castings, by cutting the cylinders at half their height, and prepared using traditional metallographic techniques: surfaces were prepared by mechanical polishing and etched with Kroll solution (2%HF, 4%HNO 3, 94%H 2 O). Phase and chemical composition identification were performed by quantitative EDS analysis with standards of pure Ti, Al and Zr, using a JEOL JSM 35C scanning electron microscope. The carbon content of samples was measured by microprobe analysis, using a Cameca XS50 equipment. A secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS) was used to determine the oxygen contamination of the samples. Microhardness was evaluated on a Shimadzu hardness tester, using a 50g load, for 15 seconds. Surface roughness (Ra) was determined on a Perthometer S5P. 4.1 Samples solidified inside the crucibles The as cast microstructure of all samples presents two microconstituents: one with a strong lamellar dendritic pattern with two phases (α 2 + γ), and a interdendritic γ phase (figure 1). The dendritic constituent is present in higher quantity in all the samples, and the volume fraction of interdendritic γ increases from the outside of samples to the inside of them, following the decrease of cooling rate 4. Although, in samples obtained in multi-layer crucibles, the volume fraction of interdendritic γ is smaller than that found in samples previously obtained in single stabilized ZrO 2 crucibles. This is due to the absence of residual Zr in the γ phase, which was found to stabilize that phase. 5 α 2 +γ γ Fig. 1 - Microstructure of a casting melted and cooled in a calcia stabilized zirconia crucible In previous work, it was reported that stabilized ZrO 2 crucibles were unsuitable to melt TiAl, as the castings appeared to be contaminated with Zr and O, and revealed a significant extension of alphacase. 4,5,6 Following to that work, new ZrO 2 crucibles were tested. To decrease interaction with the molten metal, base crucibles were inside coated with Y 2 O 3 (which is a material thermodynamically
5 5 more stable than ZrO 2 ), in order to avoid direct contact between ZrO 2 and the metal. Samples melted and cooled in such multi-layer crucibles didn t show any contamination with Zr or any other residual element, what confirms their high stability. Microhardness value is in practice constant throughout the sample (around HV), and alpha-case was not detected. Microhardness value is similar to that found by authors in samples processed in CaO crucibles, in previous work 4,5,6, and it is in accordance with other references for TiAl, 7 what might indicate the absence of other kind of non-evaluated residual elements, as, for instance, oxygen. The results of microhardness testing and zirconium contamination are presented in figure 2. ZrO 2 /Y 2 O 3 Crucible ZrO 2 /CaO Crucible Zr (%at) Zr (%at) CaO Crucible Multi-layer ZrO 2 /Y 2 O 3 Crucible HV (α 2 + g) HV (γ) % Residual element (α 2 + γ) % Residual element (γ) Fig. 2 Microhardness and Zr profiles in samples obtained in stabilized ZrO 2 and ZrO 2 based multi-layer crucibles 4.2 Samples cast in ceramic shells and graphite permanent moulds Microstructure of samples poured into ceramic shells is quite similar to microstructure of samples solidified inside the crucibles, although, the volume fraction of γ phase is in this case much smaller (figure 3a). In samples cast in permanent graphite moulds, structure is fully lamellar α 2 + γ all over the samples, showing a very small volume fraction of isolated γ phase in the centre of the cross section of castings (figure 3b). However, its dimension didn t allow microhardness measurement and chemical composition evaluation.
6 6 The difference in microstructures is due to different cooling rates of both samples, with the fully lamellar structure corresponding to a much higher cooling rate, as also referred by other authors. 8 The presence of a small amount of isolated γ phase on the fully lamellar samples is due to the lower cooling rate of the inside region of the samples, when compared with the cooling rate of the outside regions. This effect is much more evident when the mould material presents a very high thermal conductivity (as graphite, for instance), and for that reason differences in the volume fraction of γ phase from the inside to the outside of castings is almost inexistent in samples cast in ceramic shells. a) b) Fig. 3 - Microstructure of castings poured into a) ceramic shells and b) permanent graphite moulds Microhardness and residual element concentration profiles of all poured samples are shown in figure 4. In samples cast in SiO 2 and ZrO 2 moulds there is evidence of a microhardness gradient, from the surface to the inside of the castings, which leads to an alpha-case extension of 250 and 50 µm, respectively. The development of that gradient is similar to those that were found in samples that were allowed to cool and solidify inside the crucibles: near the surface there is a rapid decrease of microhardness with the increase in distance from the sample / refractory interface. The inner part of the samples has a near constant hardness value, as shown in figure 4, which suggests that there is a constant level of contamination resulting either from the period when the metal was in the molten state or already present in the raw material itself. The outside profile suggests that it resulted from the metal-ceramic reaction during the cooling stage, in the solid state. It is considered that hardness increase is an outcome of contamination with residual elements. According to figure 4 microhardness and residual metallic elements segregation profiles both for SiO 2 moulds (Si) and ZrO 2 moulds (Zr) do not match, however oxygen distribution and microhardness profiles of lamellar microconstituent are quite similar (figures 4 and 5). This suggests that in samples cast in SiO 2 and ZrO 2 moulds, the presence of oxygen is the main responsible for the hardness increase near the surface. Samples cast in graphite moulds present an alpha-case extension of 150 µm, which is believed to result from surface contamination of the castings with carbon, as this element easily forms interstitial solid solutions with titanium. According to figure 4, microhardness and carbon concentration profiles have a similar development, and both assume an almost constant value for distances from the casting surface greater than 150 µm, which suggests their dependence. Samples cast in multi layer ZrO 2 /Y 2 O 3 moulds don t show any microhardness variation with increasing
7 7 distances from the casting surface (figure 4). Besides, no residual elements were found (Zr or Y). This confirms the high stability of Y 2 O 3, as suggested by its low free energy of formation, and the good results we had before, using this material as inside layer of ZrO 2 crucibles Alpha-case - 50 µm ZrO 2 mould 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 Zr (at. %) Alpha-case µm SiO 2 mould 0,9 0,7 0,5 0,3 0,1 Si (at. %) Graphite mould Multi-layer ZrO 2 /Y 2 O 3 mould Alpha-case mm 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 C (at. %) HV (α 2 + g) HV (γ) % Residual element (α 2 + γ) % Residual element (γ) Fig. 4 - Microhardness and residual elements concentration profiles of samples cast in graphite, ZrO 2, SiO 2 and multi-layer ZrO 2 /Y 2 O 3 moulds. ZrO2 mould SiO2 mould Oxygen (counts) µm µm Depth from surface (mm) Fig. 5 - Oxygen distribution profiles in samples cast in ZrO 2 and SiO 2 moulds
8 8 The surface finishing of castings was evaluated by measuring its roughness (table 2). The best results were achieved on samples cast in graphite moulds (around 1 µm). Surface finishing of castings obtained in ZrO 2 and multi layer ZrO 2 /Y 2 O 3 ceramic shells was also excellent, but castings produced in SiO 2 shells revealed adherent moulding material, and roughness measurement was quite difficult. However on those areas where no adherent material was present, it was possible to find an average surface roughness around 4 µm, which was the highest value of all cast samples. Table 2 - Surface roughness (Ra) of cast samples. Mould material Graphite ZrO 2 ZrO 2 /Y 2 O 3 SiO 2 Surface roughness (Ra) 1 µm 2,1 µm 1,6 µm 4 µm Conclusions 1. A multi-layer ZrO 2 /Y 2 O 3 crucible was produced and used to induction melt TiAl alloys. These crucibles perform much better than traditional ZrO 2 crucibles. It was not noticed significant metal contamination with residual elements, and crucibles present a good thermal shock resistance. 2. Castings were produced by the investment casting process, using different moulding materials and by permanent graphite mould. In castings produced in multi-layer ZrO 2 /Y 2 O 3 shells, alpha-case was not detected, and microhardness was constant all over the samples. Those castings revealed an excellent surface roughness less than 2 µm. 3. Microhardness value of the lamellar constituent is a good indicator to identify a casting contaminated with oxygen; the alpha-case extension corresponds to the diffusion depth of oxygen in the casting. 4. This casting method allows the production of sound TiAl castings, and might be a valuable alternative process to produce titanium aluminide castings for non-critical applications. References (1) J.L. Martin: Proceedings of the 14 th Annual Conference and Exhibition of the International Titanium Association, 1998, 1. (2) D. Fischer: Proceedings of the 14 th Annual Conference and Exhibition of the International Titanium Association, 1998, 252. (3) T.S. Piwonka: Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Technical Meeting of the Investment Casting Institute, (4) J. Barbosa: International Journal of Cast Metals Research, 12 (2000), 293. (5) J. Barbosa: Key Engineering Materials, 188 (2000), 45. (6) J. Barbosa: Materiais st International Materials Symposium, (7) Materials Properties Handbook Titanium Alloys, Section VI Titanium Aluminides, ASM, June (8) M. Takeyama: Structural Intermetallics, 1993, 167.
Zr bearing γ-tial induction melted
Zr bearing γ-tial induction melted Joaquim Barbosa 1, António Duarte 2, C. Silva Ribeiro 2, Filomena Viana 2, Caetano Monteiro 1 1 Universidade do Minho, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Guimarães,
More informationGuimarães, Portugal. Keywords: TiAl; Melting; Pressure; Evaporation
Aluminium Evaporation During Ceramic Crucible Induction Melting of Titanium Aluminides Fernando Gomes a, Joaquim Barbosa,b and Carlos Silva Ribeiro,c CTM Centre for Mechanical and Materials Technologies,
More informationIn the past a few years, TiAl-based intermetallics have been
Microstructure and mechanical properties of cast Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy melted in various crucibles Wang Ligang, Zheng Lijing, Cui Renjie, Yang Lili, *Zhang Hu (School of Materials Science and Engineering,
More informationEffect of Pickling Solution on the Surface Morphology of Ti-6Al-4V alloy Investment Cast K Mutombo 1, a and P Rossouw 2
Effect of Pickling Solution on the Surface Morphology of Ti-6Al-4V alloy Investment Cast K Mutombo 1, a and P Rossouw 2 1,2 Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), South Africa a kmutombo@csir.co.za
More informationEFFECT OF YTTRIUM ADDITION ON MICROSTRUCTURE OF ALLOY Ti-47Al, PREPARED BY PLASMA MELTING AND VACUUM INDUCTION MELTING
EFFECT OF YTTRIUM ADDITION ON MICROSTRUCTURE OF ALLOY Ti-47Al, PREPARED BY PLASMA MELTING AND VACUUM INDUCTION MELTING Tomáš ČEGAN, Miroslav KURSA VŠB-TU Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15, 708 33, Ostrava-Poruba,
More informationInterfacial Reaction between Zirconium Alloy and Zirconia Ceramic Shell Mold
Interfacial Reaction between Zirconium Alloy and Zirconia Ceramic Shell Mold Ch. Rajana* and A. Chennakesava Reddy** *PG Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering JNTU College of Engineering, Hyderabad,
More informationF. Gomes H. Puga Joaquim Barbosa C. Silva Ribeiro. Introduction
J Mater Sci (2011) 46:4922 4936 DOI 10.1007/s10853-011-5405-z Effect of melting pressure and superheating on chemical composition and contamination of yttria-coated ceramic crucible induction melted titanium
More informationClosing the Materials Loop for g-tial Production Recycling of Contaminated Scrap
Closing the Materials Loop for g-tial Production of Contaminated Scrap Peter Spiess, Bernd Friedrich IME Process Metallurgy and Metal, RWTH Aachen University Abstract The most common processing of γ-titaniumaluminides
More informationAppearance of a Hard Layer ( α-case ) on the Surface of Two Different Titanium-based Alloys
Appearance of a Hard Layer ( α-case ) on the Surface of Two Different Titanium-based Alloys Biljana Dimčić 1, Ilija Bobić 1, Slavica Zec 1, Milan T. Jovanović 1 1 Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinča, P.O.
More informationImproved Quality by Electro Slag Re-Melting
Improved Quality by Electro Slag Re-Melting BY GÜNTER BUSCH* SYNOPSIS Electro Slag Re-Melting is a process performed after the primary melting steps in electro arc, induction or vacuum induction furnaces.
More informationMICROSTUCTURE OF CAST TITANIUM ALLOYS
MATERIALS FORUM VOLUME 31-2007 Edited by J.M. Cairney and S.P. Ringer Institute of Materials Engineering Australasia MICROSTUCTURE OF CAST TITANIUM ALLOYS M.J. Bermingham, S.D. McDonald, M.S. Dargusch,
More informationAnalysis of Mechanical and Metallurgical properties of Al-SiCp Composite by Squeeze-cum-Stir Casting
International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science (IJRES) ISSN (Online): 2320-9364, ISSN (Print): 2320-9356 Volume 2 Issue 5 ǁ May. 2014 ǁ PP.45-49 Analysis of Mechanical and Metallurgical properties
More informationMICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OD RAPID SOLIDIFIED AL-SI-FE AND AL-SI-FE-CR ALLOYS PREPARED BY CENTRIFUGAL ATOMIZATION. Filip PRŮŠA*, Dalibor VOJTĚCH
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OD RAPID SOLIDIFIED AL-SI-FE AND AL-SI-FE-CR ALLOYS PREPARED BY CENTRIFUGAL ATOMIZATION Filip PRŮŠA*, Dalibor VOJTĚCH Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, Institute
More informationJapan Foundry Society, Inc. The investment casting technology of Ti products. Masayoshi Takahashi Daido Castings Co., Ltd.
Japan Foundry Society, Inc. The investment casting technology of Ti products Masayoshi Takahashi Daido Castings Co., Ltd. 13 th WORLD CONFERENCE ON INVESTMENT CASTING Paper: T4 Copyright reserved: Neither
More informationInduction Skull Melting Furnaces
Induction Skull Melting Furnaces ISM The Process A B C D Induction Skull Melting ISM is a method of melting metals in a segmented, water-cooled copper vessel while under vacuum or controlled atmosphere
More informationTHE EFFECT OF CERIUM ADDITION ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF AlSiMgCe ALLOY. Anasyida Abu Seman and Abdul Razak Daud.
THE EFFECT OF CERIUM ADDITION ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF AlSiMgCe ALLOY Anasyida Abu Seman and Abdul Razak Daud. School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia,
More informationPrincipals of Billet Making
Billet quality directly controls the quality of extrusions and affects productivity, in term profitability. The quality of billets& cost are the two important considerations for extrusion producers. Day
More informationEFFECT OF ANNEALING ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF YTTRIUM ALLOYED INTERMETALLICS Ti-47Al
EFFECT OF ANNEALING ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF YTTRIUM ALLOYED INTERMETALLICS Ti-47Al Tomáš ČEGAN, Miroslav KURSA, Kateřina KONEČNÁ, Daniel PETLÁK Vysoká škola báňská Technical University of Ostrava,
More informationAL LM6 HOLLOW CYLINDER FABRICATED USING CENTRIFUGAL CASTING
AL LM6 HOLLOW CYLINDER FABRICATED USING CENTRIFUGAL CASTING Saifulnizan Jamian 1, Safwan Yutiman 2 and Haffidzudin Hehsan 3 1 Crashworthiness and Collisions Research Group, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia,
More informationEffect of Charge Materials on Slag Formation in Ductile Iron Melts
Effect of Charge Materials on Slag Formation in Ductile Iron Melts C. Labrecque, M. Gagné and E. Planque Rio Tinto Iron & Titanium Inc. Sorel-Tracy, Quebec, Canada ABSTRACT The formation of an oxide slag
More information3 Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia,
AL LM6 HOLLOW CYLINDER FABRICATED USING CENTRIFUGAL CASTING Saifulnizan Jamian 1, Safwan Yutiman 2 and Haffidzudin Hehsan 3 1 Department of Engineering Mechanics, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu
More information. Easier temperature control; Easier operation; . Melt stock is easy to prepare and the cost is lower. J. J. Barbosa t and C. Silva Ribeiro:!
J. J. Barbosa t and C. Silva Ribeiro:!: * t Departamento de Engenharia Mecanica, Universidade do Minho, Guimaraes, Portugal :f:departamento de Eng. Metalurgica e de Materiais, FEUP, Porto, Portugal This
More informationOXIDATION RESISTANCE AND THERMAL STABILITY OF Ti-Al-Si ALLOYS PRODUCED BY REACTIVE SINTERING
METAL 2009 OXIDATION RESISTANCE AND THERMAL STABILITY OF Ti-Al-Si ALLOYS PRODUCED BY REACTIVE SINTERING Pavel Novák Filip Průša Jan Šerák Dalibor Vojtěch Alena Michalcová Department of Metals and Corrosion
More informationALD Vacuum Technologies High Tech is our Business. Vacuum Precision Casting
ALD Vacuum Technologies High Tech is our Business TITANIUM Vacuum Precision Casting TITANIUM Vacuum Precision Casting VAR Skull Melting Cold Crucible Induction Melting Benefits of Titanium n Excellent
More informationMetal Powder - the Raw Material of Future Production
Metal Powder - the Raw Material of Future Production BY GÜNTER BUSCH* SYNOPSIS Alongside Mobile Internet, Cloud Computing, Robotics, Energy Storage and Autonomous Vehicles, Additive Manufacturing is one
More informationMICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION DURING DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF INTERMETALLIC Ti-45.9Al-8Nb ALLOY. Z. Gabalcová J. Lapin
MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION DURING DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF INTERMETALLIC Ti-45.9Al-8Nb ALLOY Z. Gabalcová J. Lapin Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Račianska
More informationSynthesis and Characterization of SiC Reinforced HE-30 Al Alloy Particulate MMCs
Synthesis and Characterization of SiC Reinforced HE-30 Al Alloy Particulate MMCs Pradyumna Phutane *1, VijayKumar S. Jatti **2, Ravi Sekhar **3, T.P.Singh #4 * Research Scholar, Symbiosis Institute of
More informationSolidification and Crystallisation 5. Formation of and control of granular structure
MME 345 Lecture 08 Solidification and Crystallisation 5. Formation of and control of granular structure Ref: [1] A. Ohno, The Solidification of Metals, Chijin Shokan Co. Ltd., 1976 [2] P. Beeley, Foundry
More informationInfluence of Ti addition on the microstructure and hardness properties of near-eutectic Al Si alloys
Journal of Alloys and Compounds 450 (2008) 255 259 Influence of Ti addition on the microstructure and hardness properties of near-eutectic Al Si alloys Muzaffer Zeren, Erdem Karakulak The Department of
More informationCharacterization of Coatings on Grey Cast Iron Fabricated by Hot-dipping in Pure Al, AlSi11 and AlTi5 Alloys
A R C H I V E S o f F O U N D R Y E N G I N E E R I N G Published quarterly as the organ of the Foundry Commission of the Polish Academy of Sciences ISSN (1897-3310) Volume 14 Issue 1/2014 85 90 20/1 Characterization
More informationWe are Nitinol. "!!# "!!$ Westinghouse Drive Fremont, California t f
We are Nitinol. www.nitinol.com 47533 Westinghouse Drive Fremont, California 94539 t 510.683.2000 f 510.683.2001 Proceedings of the International Conference on Shape Memory and Superelastic Technologies
More informationThermal Durability and Abradability of Plasma Sprayed Al-Si-Polyimide Seal Coatings p. 85
Trends in Automotive Applications of Thermal Spray Technology in Japan p. 1 Production Plasma in the Automotive Industry: A European Viewpoint p. 7 The Effect of Microstructure on the Wear Behavior of
More informationGlobal Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management
DIFFUSION BONDING OF AL ALLOY USING DIFFERENT IINTERLAYERS Assist. Prof. Dr. Ahmed A. Akbar*, Samer K. Khaleel * Asst. Prof. Dr. at University of Technology, Production Engineering and Metallurgy, Iraq
More informationPROPERTIES OF AL-BASED ALLOYS PREPARED BY CENTRIFUGAL ATOMISATION AND HOT EXTRUSION. Filip PRŮŠA, Dalibor VOJTĚCH
PROPERTIES OF AL-BASED ALLOYS PREPARED BY CENTRIFUGAL ATOMISATION AND HOT EXTRUSION Filip PRŮŠA, Dalibor VOJTĚCH Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering,
More informationDevelopment of Alumino-Silicate Investment Shell Moulds to Cast 6061 Al-Alloy
Development of Alumino-Silicate Investment Shell Moulds to Cast 6061 Al-Alloy A. Chennakesava Reddy Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, JNTUH College of Engineering, Kukatpally, Hyderabad
More informationInteractions at the mould modifying coating molten nickel alloy interface
A R C H I V E S of F O U N D R Y E N G I N E E R I N G Published quarterly as the organ of the Foundry Commission of the Polish Academy of Sciences ISSN (1897-3310) Volume 11 Issue 3/2011 5 10 1/3 Interactions
More informationWear Behaviour of Al6063-Zircon Sand Metal Matrix Composite
IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) e-issn: 2250-3021, p-issn: 2278-8719 Vol. 3, Issue 2 (Feb. 2013), V3 PP 24-28 Wear Behaviour of Al6063-Zircon Sand Metal Matrix Composite K.S.Sucitharan 1, P.SenthilKumar
More informationSynthesis and Characterization of Aluminium Alloy A356 and Silicon Carbide Metal Matrix Composite
2012 2nd International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management (ICITM 2012) IPCSIT vol. 49 (2012) (2012) IACSIT Press, Singapore DOI: 10.7763/IPCSIT.2012.V49.3 Synthesis and Characterization
More informationEFFECTS OF COOLING MEDIA ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF SAND AND DIE CASTING ALUMINIUM ALLOYS
EFFECTS OF COOLING MEDIA ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF SAND AND DIE CASTING ALUMINIUM ALLOYS B.O. Adewuyi and J.A. Omotoyinbo Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering,
More informationCasting Process Part 2
Mech Zone Casting Process Part 2 (SSC JE Mechanical/ GATE/ONGC/SAIL BHEL/HPCL/IOCL) Sand Casting cope: top half drag: bottom half core: for internal cavities funnel sprue runners gate cavity {risers, vents}
More informationFLUIDITY OF Al-Cu ALLOYS IN FUSED SILICA AND CRISTOBALITE INVESTMENT SHELL MOULDS
FLUIDITY OF Al-Cu ALLOYS IN FUSED SILICA AND CRISTOBALITE INVESTMENT SHELL MOULDS 1 G. S. Rao and A. Chennakesava Reddy 2 1 PG Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, JNTU College of Engineering,
More informationGamma Titanium Aluminide Alloys
Fritz Appel, Jonathan David Heaton Paul, and Michael Oehring Gamma Titanium Aluminide Alloys Science and Technology WILEY- VCH WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KG aa I' Preface XIII Figures-Tables Acknowledgement
More informationDr. Ulrich E. KLOTZ and Tiziana HEISS Dr. Ulrich E. Klotz
Dr. Ulrich E. KLOTZ and Tiziana HEISS fem Research Institute Precious Metals + Metals Chemistry Katharinenstrasse 17, D-73525 Schwaebisch Gmuend, Germany Dr. Ulrich E. Klotz is Diploma Engineer in Physical
More informationEFFECT OF PROCESSING PARAMETERS ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CAST TiAl BASED ALLOYS. Juraj Lapin a Ulrike Hecht b
EFFECT OF PROCESSING PARAMETERS ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CAST TiAl BASED ALLOYS Juraj Lapin a Ulrike Hecht b a Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics, SAS, Račianska 75, 831
More informationContents. Preface. Lightweight Materials Understanding the Basics F.C. Campbell, editor
Lightweight Materials Understanding the Basics F.C. Campbell, editor Copyright 2012 ASM International All rights reserved www.asminternational.org Contents Preface ix CHAPTER 1 Introduction and Uses of
More informationEffect of melt treatment on microstructure and impact properties of Al 7Si and Al 7Si 2 5Cu cast alloys
Bull. Mater. Sci., Vol. 30, No. 5, October 2007, pp. 439 445. Indian Academy of Sciences. Effect of melt treatment on microstructure and impact properties of Al 7Si and Al 7Si 2 5Cu cast alloys K G BASAVAKUMAR*,
More informationOutline CASTING PROCESS - 2. The Mold in Casting. Sand Casting Mold Terms. Assoc Prof Zainal Abidin Ahmad Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Outline CASTING PROCESS - 2 Assoc Prof Zainal Abidin Ahmad Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Casting Molds Gating system pouring basin, sprue, runner, gate Riser Core Heating and melting Melting furnaces Pouring
More informationRUNNING HOT. Sub-topics. Fuel cells Casting Solidification
RUNNING HOT Sub-topics 1 Fuel cells Casting Solidification CONCEPT OF FUEL CELLS International concerns regarding the emission of greenhouse gases and the trend toward distributed power generation are
More informationInfluence of Niobium or Molybdenum in Titanium Alloy for Permanent Implant Application Yuswono Marsumi 1, a and Andika Widya Pramono 1,b
Advanced Materials Research Vol. 900 (2014) pp 53-63 (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.900.53 Influence of Niobium or Molybdenum in Titanium Alloy for Permanent
More informationIntermetallic γ-tial based alloys have received tremendous
Influence of columnar grain boundary on fracture behavior of as-cast fully lamellar Ti-46Al-0.5W-0.5Si alloy Chen Hui 1,2, *Su Yanqing 1, Luo Liangshun 1, Li Xinzhong 1, Liu Jiangping 1, Guo Jingjie 1,
More informationOriginal. DOI: /
Original Elsayed, F.R.; Hort, N.; Salgado-Ordorica, M.; Kainer, K.U.: Magnesium Permanent Mold Castings Optimization Materials Science Forum, Light Metals Technology V (2011) Trans Tech Publications DOI:
More informationCHARACTERIZATION OF TITANIUM ALLOYS CASTED FROM RECYCLED MATERIALS
CHARACTERIZATION OF TITANIUM ALLOYS CASTED FROM RECYCLED MATERIALS Authors: Silvia Gaiani, Boštjan Juriševič, Paolo Veronesi, Igor Akrapovič WHY ESTABILISH A CASTING FACILITIES IN THE COMPANY? 1)Use our
More informationPREPARATION OF THE NITI SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY BY THE TE-SHS METHOD INFLUENCE OF THE SINTERING TIME
PREPARATION OF THE NITI SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY BY THE TE-SHS METHOD INFLUENCE OF THE SINTERING TIME Jaroslav ČAPEK, Vojtěch KUČERA, Michaela FOUSOVÁ, Dalibor VOJTĚCH Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering,
More informationAbstract. Keywords. 1. Introduction. Joel Hemanth
Open Journal of Composite Materials, 2017, 7, 105-116 http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojcm ISSN Online: 2164-5655 ISSN Print: 2164-5612 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Analysis and Hardness of Diffusion
More informationWear Testing of Stir Casted Al -Al 2 O 3 MMC Vijayesh Rathi 1 Jasvinder Kumar 2 Gaurav Kochar 3
IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development Vol. 3, Issue 07, 2015 ISSN (online): 2321-0613 Wear Testing of Stir Casted Al -Al 2 O 3 MMC Vijayesh Rathi 1 Jasvinder Kumar 2 Gaurav
More informationSyllabus: Different levels of structure in materials. Relation among material processing, structure, properties, and performance
Syllabus: Types of materials Properties of materials Different levels of structure in materials Relation among material processing, structure, properties, and performance The main objective is to understand
More informationEFFECTS OF BORON CARBIDE ADDITION ON HARDNESS AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF Al-Si/B 4 C COMPOSITE. of Malaysia, 43600, Bangi Selangor, Malaysia
EFFECTS OF BORON CARBIDE ADDITION ON HARDNESS AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF Al-Si/B 4 C COMPOSITE Anis Syukriah Ibrahim 1, Abdul Razak Daud*,1 and Yusof Abdullah 2 1 Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science
More informationMeltMap Audit - Assessing metal quality in aluminium foundries
MeltMap Audit - Assessing metal quality in aluminium foundries The types of casting being made today in aluminium foundries are very varied. Thinner and lighter castings are being expected to perform in
More informationLASER SURFACE ALLOYING (LSA) OF ALUMINIUM (AA 1200) WITH TiB 2 FOR HARDNESS IMPROVEMENT Paper (802)
LASER SURFACE ALLOYING (LSA) OF ALUMINIUM (AA 200) WITH TiB 2 FOR HARDNESS IMPROVEMENT Paper (802) Abimbola Patricia Popoola *, Sisa Pityana,2 Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Tshwane
More informationMICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TiAl-Nb ALLOY PREPARED BY PLASMA METALLURGY. Jan JUŘICA, Monika LOSERTOVÁ, Daniel PETLÁK
MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TiAl-Nb ALLOY PREPARED BY PLASMA METALLURGY Jan JUŘICA, Monika LOSERTOVÁ, Daniel PETLÁK Authors: Jan Juřica, MSc. Eng., Monika Losertová, Assoc. Prof. Dr., Daniel
More informationALD Vacuum Technologies High Tech is our Business
ALD Vacuum Technologies High Tech is our Business Laboratory Remelting Systems for Pilot Production and R&D Vacuum Arc Remelting (VAR) Improving the structure and uniformity of the cast ingot 1. Copper
More informationMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM 6063 ALLOY BASED GRAPHITE PARTICLES REINFORCED METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE MATERIAL
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM 6063 ALLOY BASED GRAPHITE PARTICLES REINFORCED METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE MATERIAL 1 Sandeep kansari, 2 Ashutosh dwivedi 1 Student of M.tech, 2 professor 1,2 Department of
More informationMECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND THERMAL STABILITY OF ALSI-X BASED ALLOYS PREPARED BY CENTRIFUGAL ATOMIZATION. Filip PRŮŠA*, Dalibor VOJTĚCH
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND THERMAL STABILITY OF ALSI-X BASED ALLOYS PREPARED BY CENTRIFUGAL ATOMIZATION Filip PRŮŠA*, Dalibor VOJTĚCH Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, Institute of Chemical
More informationCHARACTERISATION OF INTERMETALLIC INCLUSIONS OBTAINED BY DISSOLUTION OF IRON ALLOYING ADDITIVES IN MOLTEN ALUMINIUM. Varužan Kevorkijan *
Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia AMES Scientific paper UDC: 669.13'71 CHARACTERISATION OF INTERMETALLIC INCLUSIONS OBTAINED BY DISSOLUTION OF IRON ALLOYING ADDITIVES IN MOLTEN ALUMINIUM
More informationAlternatives for Zircon Stucco and Flour
Alternatives for Zircon Stucco and Flour Tom Branscomb, Buntrock Industries Abstract Casting trials have shown Itochu Ceratech Cerabeads 60 sand to be a successful substitute for zircon sand in many cases,
More informationINTERACTION OF SOLID NICKEL WITH LIQUID MIXTURE OF ALUMINUM AND NICKEL AND FORMATION OF INTERMETALLIC PHASES. Blagoj Rizov *, Jon Magdeski
Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia AMES Scientific paper UDC: 669.248:668.718 INTERACTION OF SOLID NICKEL WITH LIQUID MIXTURE OF ALUMINUM AND NICKEL AND FORMATION OF INTERMETALLIC PHASES
More informationAs-Cast Titanium Aluminides Microstructure Modification
Materials Research, Vol. 2, No. 3, 191-195, 1999. 1999 As-Cast Titanium Aluminides Microstructure Modification A. Duarte, F. Viana, Henrique M.C.M. Santos GMM/IMAT, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica
More informationSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NICKEL ALLOYS
STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NICKEL ALLOYS Martin POHLUDKA a, Jitka MALCHARCZIKOVÁ a, Vít MICHENKA b, Miroslav KURSA a, Tomáš ČEGAN a, Ivo SZURMAN a a VŠB Technical University of Ostrava, 17.
More informationThe Effect of La Addition on the Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Hot-Extruded Al 15%Mg 2 Si Composite
The Effect of La Addition on the Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Hot-Extruded Al 15%Mg 2 Si Composite Paper Presenter: S.H. Allameh 1 A. Akhlaghi 2, M. Noghani 3, M. Emamy 4. 1,4- School of Metallurgy
More informationDC ARC MELTING FOR STUDIO JEWELRY CASTING
DC ARC MELTING FOR STUDIO JEWELRY CASTING DC ARC MELTING HISTORY DISCOVERY OF THE ARC Sir Humphrey Davy Vasily Vladimirovich Petrov Discovered the electric arc in 1801 Melted metals and other materials
More informationSegregation in Vacuum Arc Remelted Zirconium Alloy Ingots
16 th International Symposium on Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry Chengdu, China Segregation in Vacuum Arc Remelted Zirconium Alloy Ingots A. Jardy 1, F. Leclerc 2, M. Revil-Baudard 1-2, P. Guerin 2,
More informationCOMPUTER SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF CAST PISTON POROSITY
Tome V (year 2007), Fascicole 2, (ISSN 1584 2665) COMPUTER SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF CAST PISTON POROSITY D. KAKAS, L. KOVACEVIC, P. TEREK UNIVERSITY OF NOVI SAD, FACULTY OF TECHNICAL SCIENCES,
More informationSecondary Steelmaking 1 Synthetic slag practice, injection ladle metallurgy, deoxidation
17 Secondary Steelmaking 1 Synthetic slag practice, injection ladle metallurgy, deoxidation Topics to discuss... Secondary steelmaking Synthetic slag practice Injection ladle metallurgy Deoxidation Secondary
More informationPECULIARITIES OF ALLOYING OF WELD METAL OF HIGH-STRENGTH ALUMINIUM ALLOY WELDED JOINTS WITH SCANDIUM
PECULIARITIES OF ALLOYING OF WELD METAL OF HIGH-STRENGTH ALUMINIUM ALLOY WELDED JOINTS WITH SCANDIUM V.E. FEDORCHUK, O.S. KUSHNARYOVA, T.A. ALEKSEENKO and Yu.V. FALCHENKO E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute,
More informationStudy of the Effects of Magnesium Content on the Mechanical Properties of Aluminium 6063 Extrudates
- Vol. LI, No. 02, pp. [1-5], 2018 The Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/engineer.v51i2.7289 Study of the Effects of Magnesium Content on the Mechanical Properties of Aluminium
More informationCONVENTIONAL AND SEMI-SOLID A356 ALLOY WITH ADDITION OF STRONTIUM
CONVENTIONAL AND SEMI-SOLID A356 ALLOY WITH ADDITION OF STRONTIUM Y.S.Seo, L.M.M.Nasir, H.Zuhailawati, A.S.Anasyida * Structural Materials Niche Area, School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering,
More informationPREDICTION OF THERMAL SHOCK OF CERAMIC SHELLS USING FUSED SILICA AS REINFORCING FILLER AT CASTING CONDITIONS
PREDICTION OF THERMAL SHOCK OF CERAMIC SHELLS USING FUSED SILICA AS REINFORCING FILLER AT CASTING CONDITIONS P. Martin Jebaraj* and A. Chennakesava Reddy** *Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering
More informationUse of Acoustic Energy in the Processing of Molten Aluminium Alloys Hélder Puga 1a, Sónia Costa 1,b, Joaquim Barbosa 1,c and Carlos Silva Ribeiro 2,d
Use of Acoustic Energy in the Processing of Molten Aluminium Alloys Hélder Puga 1a, Sónia Costa 1,b, Joaquim Barbosa 1,c and Carlos Silva Ribeiro 2,d 1 CT2M Centre for Mechanical and Materials Technologies,
More informationTechnical Note Ref: MH002/01 March 2005
Contents > Abstract > Techniques > Introduction > Method > Results and Discussion > Conclusions Root Cause Analysis of Hot Tearing Using the MetalHealth System Abstract This technical note discusses the
More informationSPECIFICATION FOR TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOY CASTINGS
TECHNICAL LITERATURE: ASME SB-367 [ASTM B367] Company Website: www.metalspiping.com Your Reliable Supplier of Titanium & Nickel Alloys SB-367 SPECIFICATION FOR TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOY CASTINGS SB-367
More informationCast Steel Filtration Trials Using Ceramic-Carbon Filters
A R C H I V E S o f F O U N D R Y E N G I N E E R I N G Published quarterly as the organ of the Foundry Commission of the Polish Academy of Sciences ISSN (1897-3310) Volume 14 Issue 4/2014 61 66 12/4 Cast
More informationEngineering Guide For Zircoa s Foundry Crucibles
Engineering Guide For Zircoa s Foundry Crucibles 1. Introduction Thank you for your interest in Zircoa crucibles. The information contained in this Engineering Guide has been compiled over a period of
More informationInvestment Casting of Near-Net Shape Gamma Titanium Aluminide Automotive Turbocharger Rotor
Materials Science Forum Online: 2005-01-15 ISSN: 1662-9752, Vols. 475-479, pp 2547-2550 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.2547 2005 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland Investment Casting of Near-Net
More informationEvaluation of the reactivity of titanium with mould materials during casting
Bull. Mater. Sei., Vol. 12, No. 5, December 1989, pp. 481-493. Printed in India. Evaluation of the reactivity of titanium with mould materials during casting R L SAHA, T K NANDY, R D K MISRA and K T JACOB*
More informationExperimental investigation on centrifugal casting of 5500 alloy: A Taguchi approach
Scientific Research and Essays Vol. 7(44), pp. 3797-3808, 12 November, 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/sre DOI: 10.5897/SRE12.075 ISSN 1992-2248 2012 Academic Journals Full Length
More informationSOLIDIFICATION, PHASE DIAGRAM & STEELS
MODULE TWO SOLIDIFICATION, PHASE DIAGRAM & STEELS 4. SOLIDIFICATION Introduction Mechanism of solidification - crystallization and development of cast structure - nucleation and grain growth - dendritic
More informationHigh Quality Multi-arc Targets
High Quality Multi-arc Targets IKS provides high-quality multi-arc targets for a wide range of applications for ferromagnetic, complex oxides, and semiconducting films. Our targets are offered in various
More informationSINTERING OF A GAMMA Ti-Al ALLOY. Centro Técnico Aeroespacial, São José dos Campos -SP, , Brazil
SINTERING OF A GAMMA Ti-Al ALLOY Henriques; V.A.R. (1) ; Cairo, C.A.A. (1) ; Almeida, D. S. (1), Graça, M.L.A. (1) (1) AMR - Divisão de Materiais - Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço (IAE), Centro Técnico
More informationStructure of Metals 1
1 Structure of Metals Metals Basic Structure (Review) Property High stiffness, better toughness, good electrical conductivity, good thermal conductivity Why metals have these nice properties - structures
More informationQuality Prediction of Cast Ingots
Quality Prediction of Cast Ingots I. Hahn, M. Schneider* J. Terhaar, J. Jarolimeck, R. Sauermann** *MAGMA Giessereitechnologie GmbH, Aachen, Germany **Saarschmiede GmbH Freiformschmiede, Völklingen, Germany
More informationSlurry-Based Semi-Solid Die Casting
Accepted for Publication in Advanced Materials and Processes, 159(10), October 2001 Slurry-Based Semi-Solid Die Casting Chris S. Rice and Patricio F. Mendez A new approach to semi-solid forming is described.
More informationMicrostructural evolution and corrosion behavior of directionally solidified FeCoNiCrAl high entropy alloy
Microstructural evolution and corrosion behavior of directionally solidified FeCoNiCrAl high entropy alloy *Cui Hongbao 1, Wang Ying 1, Wang Jinyong 1, Guo Xuefeng 1 and Fu Hengzhi 1,2 (1. School of Materials
More informationAn investigation of the effect of five different inoculants on the metal expansion penetration in grey cast iron
1 An investigation of the effect of five different inoculants on the metal expansion penetration in grey cast iron Izudin Dugic and Ingvar L Svensson Division of Component Technology Jönköping University,
More informationPRODUCTION OF ALUMINIUM-SILICON CARBIDE CAST PARTICLE COMPOSITES WITHOUT MAGNESIUM
41 PRODUCTION OF ALUMINIUM-SILICON CARBIDE CAST PARTICLE COMPOSITES WITHOUT MAGNESIUM B.MALLICK, P.C. MAITY AND V.K. SINHA Yational Institute of Foundry & Forge 'T'echnology Hatia, Ranchi-834 003 Abstract
More informationApplication of aluminum alloy castings in aerospace
February 2010 Research & Development Effect of returns on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu based alloys *Li Min, Wang Hongwei, Wei Zunjie, Zhu Zhaojun (School of Materials Science and
More informationEffect of copper addition at a rate of 4% weight on the machininability of ZA-21A1 cast alloy by CNC milling
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering OPEN ACCESS Effect of copper addition at a rate of 4% weight on the machininability of ZA-A cast alloy by CNC milling To cite this article: S M
More informationFoundries. LIUC - Ingegneria Gestionale 1
Foundries LIUC - Ingegneria Gestionale 1 Overview EU foundry industry facts The foundry process A. Melting B. Moulding C. Casting LIUC - Ingegneria Gestionale 2 EU foundry industry facts 3 rd largest in
More informationInvestigating the Effect of Different Process Parameters on Defects in A713 Aluminium Alloy Castings Produced by Investment Casting Process
Investigating the Effect of Different Process Parameters on Defects in A713 Aluminium Alloy Castings Produced by Investment Casting Process Nikhil Yadav 1, Vineet Chak 2, Yashvin Gupta 1, Dharmanshu Singh
More informationProduction of Low Cost Aluminium Foams
International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology ISSN 2277-4106 2014 INPRESSCO. All Rights Reserved. Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet Research Article Production of Low Cost
More informationA.S. Kiran 1, V. Desai 2, Narendranath 2 and P.G. Mukunda 1. R G g
International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering (IJMME), Vol.6 (2011), No.2, 275-279 EVOLUTION OF MICROSTRUCTURE AND HARDNESS OF AL-SI FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIAL CAST THROUGH CENTRIFUGE
More information