R V. k 2. )/ħ 2. = 2m(E-V o. k 1. = 2mE/ħ 2. ħ 2 d 2. 2m dx 2 ψ. H ψ(x) = + V(x) ψ(x) = E ψ(x) Earthing & Lightning Protection

Transcription

1 H ψ(x) = ħ 2 d 2 2m dx 2 + V(x) ψ(x) = E ψ(x) k 1 = 2mE/ħ 2 Ω Earthing & Lightning Protection V(x) ={ 0, x < 0 Vo, x 0 R V ħ 2 d 2 2m dx 2 ψ k 2 = 2m(E-V o )/ħ 2 May 2015

2 welcome to Earthcor is the earthing division of Copalcor (Pty) Ltd. Earthing & Lightning Protection Eskom Approved Supplier Metallurgical Tes ng Services South Africa s Largest manufacturer of copper, brass & alloy solutions Message from the Managing Director Copalcor is one company that can service and deliver to the growing electrical sector. We aim to focus on niche markets and to develop an international footprint, leveraging off our total value chain offering. index Section ? Page Earth Rods 1 Couplings, Driving Caps & Drill Tips 2 Conductors 2 Clamps 5 Connectors 7 Exothermic Welding 11 Grounding/Earthing 13 Lightning Protection 14 Useful Data 17

3 Earth Rods 1 Solid Copper Rod Thread Length Diameter Weight/ ea Made to Order 1.5m 16mm 2.69kg CER Other sizes available on request Threaded and Non-threaded available Copper Electroplated Steel Rod - Eskom Approved Length Diameter ea threaded non-threaded Weight/ 1.2m 14.3mm 1.51kg CESR-M CESR m 14.3mm 1.89kg CESR-M CESR m 14.3mm 2.27kg CESR-M CESR m 14.3mm 3.02kg CESR-M CESR m 14.3mm 3.53kg CESR-M CESR m 14.3mm 3.78kg CESR-M CESR Nominal copper thickness: 250 micron Copper Electroplated Steel Rod B-Grade Length Dia-meter Weight/ea threaded 1.2m 14.3mm 1.51kg CESRB-M m 14.3mm 1.89kg CESRB-M m 14.3mm 2.27kg CESRB-M m 14.3mm 3.02kg CESRB-M Nominal copper thickness: 250 micron Copper Electroplated Steel Rod C-Grade Length Dia-meter Weight/ea threaded 1.2m 14.3mm 1.51kg CESRC-M Nominal copper thickness: 250 micron Stainless Steel Rod Thread Length Diameter Weight/ ea Nil 1.5m 16mm 2.37kg SSR Threaded and Non-threaded available All lengths - up to 3m 1

4 2 Couplings, Driving Caps & Drill Tips Description Thread Length Diameter 1. Brass Couplings for Threaded Copper Plated Earth Rods 2. Brass Tapered Couplings for Copper Plated Earth Rods 3. Stainless Steel Threaded Couplings for Stainless Steel Rods 4. Steel Driving Cap for Threaded & Non-Threaded Rods 5. Steel Drill Tip for Threaded & Non-Threaded Rods Unit weight M16 80mm 25mm 161gr CTCR-M16 Nil 80mm 23mm 170gr CNTR-016 Nil 70mm 25mm 167gr CNTS-016 M16 70mm 25mm 165gr DCTR-M16 None 70mm 25mm 165gr DCNT-016 M16 30mm 23mm 150gr DTTR-M Conductors Plain Copper Braid & Tinned Copper Braid Size Approx Braid amps size wet plain copper braid tinned copper braid 10mm x 1.5mm PCB-010 TCB mm x 2mm PCB-016 TCB mm x 2mm PCB-025 TCB mm x 2.4mm PCB-030 TCB mm x 3mm PCB-040 TCB mm x 3.5mm PCB-050 TCB mm x 5mm PCB-070 TCB mm x 5mm PCB-100 TCB-100 Manufacturing time ± 2 weeks Plain or tinned braid Termination hole sizes and lengths to be advised Plain Copper Tinned Copper 2

5 Conductors 3 PVC Insulated Earth Wire Stranding Weight per metre 16mm² 7/ kg IEW mm² 7/ kg IEW mm² 19/ kg IEW mm² 19/ kg IEW mm² 19/ kg IEW mm² 19/ kg IEW mm² 31/ kg IEW mm² 37/ kg IEW mm² 37/ kg IEW-185 Bare Copper Stranded Earth Wire (BCEW) Stranding Weight per metre 16mm² 7/ kg BSW mm² 7/ kg BSW mm² 7/ kg BSW mm² 19/ kg BSW mm² 19/ kg BSW mm² 19/ kg BSW mm² 37/ kg BSW mm² 37/ kg BSW mm² 37/ kg BSW-185 Copper Plated Aluminium Cable Crosssectional area Crosssectional area Crosssectional area Stranding 50mm² 19/1.78 BSA mm² 19/2.14 BSA mm² 19/2.52 BSA-095 New Aluminium Core! 3

6 3 Conductors Copper Rod 10mm Diameter/78mm 2 Solid Copper Rod 0.701kg/metre : 004RDC Copper Tape Rolls Conductor W x T Weight per metre 25 x 3mm 0.67kg STC x 3mm 1.34kg STC x 3mm and 50 x 3mm Ex Stock Other sizes available on request Copper Busbar Conductor W x T Weight per metre Length metre 16 x 3.15mm 0.45kg 4m CBZ x 3.15mm 0.56kg 4m CBZ x 3.15mm 0.70kg 4m CBZ x 5mm 1.12kg 4m CBZ x 6.3mm 1.43kg 4m CBZ x 3.15mm 0.89kg 4m CBZ x 6.3mm 1.77kg 4m CBZ x 3.15mm 1.13kg 4m CBZ x 5mm 1.79kg 4m CBZ x 3.15mm 1.41kg 4m CBZ x 5mm 2.23kg 4m CBZ x 6.3mm 2.81kg 4m CBZ x 10mm 4.47kg 4m CBZ x 10mm 7.14kg 4m CBZ x 10mm 9.11kg 4m CBZ Perforated Copper Bonding Strip 10m rolls Weight 0.45kg : PFRC

7 Clamps 4 Earth Rod Cable Clamp Brass 70mm 2 Eskom Approved Correct Incorrect Nominal Conductor Qty per Weight rod size range pack 14.2/ gr RCC Universal Clamp Vertical and horizontal Flat Weight rod size conductor 14-20mm N/A 377gr UCB mm 30-50mm wide 434gr UCB Other Clamp Types & Configurations Vertical rod to vertical flat and round horizontal conductors New Telkom Design Custom made clamps 30mm Flat 50mm Flat Clamp Accessories M10 brass Shear Nut : SHN-M10 Clipping Tool : CLT-0503 Brass shear nuts (available for M16, 36Nm torque ratings) Connection 50 x 3mm flat bar to 10mm Dia. Copper Clipping tool crops 50mm flat bar on both sides 5

8 4 Clamps JB Clamps in Brass or Copper for Type T & X Connections Conductor Qty per Clamp type Bolts size pack 8-10mm Brass Galvanized Steel 10 JBCB mm Brass or Copper Stainless Steel 10 JBCS Available with normal or shearing nuts Accessories M8 brass Shear Nut at ±16Nm : SHN-M8 Fence Earthtail Clamp HC copper earthtail clamp : FEC-M16-F1142 Brass earthtail clamp : FEC-M16-F754 Supplied complete with hot dipped galvanized nuts and bolts 1 x M16 x 50mm long hex/head set screw 1 x M16 flat washer 1 x M16 nut Copper Tape Clips Connection to fence post Steel fence post 10mm dia copper conductor Clamp Connection from main earth mat Steel fence post 10mm dia conductor Fence earth clamp 10mm dia copper connection to earth mat Tape size Length Width Height Weight Qty per pack 25 x 3mm 73mm 20mm 8mm 0.04kg 25 CTC x 6mm 73mm 20mm 10mm 0.04kg 25 CTC x 3mm 97mm 20mm 8mm 0.05kg 25 CTC x 6mm 97mm 20mm 10mm 0.05kg 25 CTC Comes complete with two nail-in anchors per clamp 25 x 3mm and 50 x 3mm standard size available 25 x 6mm and 50 x6mm on request only Square Tape Clamp (Junction Clamp) 6 Conductor Weight Qty per pack size 25 x 3mm 0.15kg 10 SQC x 3mm 0.35kg 10 SQC

9 Connectors 5 Flat Type Transformer Connector Conductor Current Bolt size Weight size dia rating mm 350 amps M kg FTC-M8 Sub-Station Ball Connectors 20kA Material ka rating Galvanized steel 20 EBCC-20KA Additional connectors available Stainless Steel Earth Boss for Steel Structures Size Weight Qty per pack 40 x 40mm 0.47kg 1 SSB mm 25mm Re-bar Earth Connector Client to stipulate: Re-bar diameter Conductor size in mm2 Conductor length Please confirm BCEW or PVC insulated : RBC mm 7

10 5 Connectors C Crimpits/Crimpets Number A stranded to B stranded C25-C mm mm 2 CPT C35-C35 35mm mm 2 CPT C70-C mm mm 2 CPT C10-F mm dia (solid) 10mm dia CPT C95-C70 95mm mm 2 CPT C95-C95 95mm 2 95mm 2 CPT C120-C mm mm 2 CPT C150-C150 15mm mm 2 CPT Other sizes available on request Original C Crimpet Type New Hydraulic crimping tool available on request C Crimpet dies must be stipulated : SEREARCRPTL Crimping tools for hire in Gauteng New simultaneous insert 10mm Crimpet 8

11 Connectors 5 Earth Bar Termination Assembly Conductor size Conductor length Terminations No and hole size Hole spacings Insulator holes req 25 x 5mm 200mm 4 6 x M6 28mm 2 EBT x 6mm 200mm 4 6 x M6 28mm 2 EBT x 8mm 300mm 6 8 x M8 35mm 2 EBT x 6mm 300mm 6 8 x M8 35mm 2 EBT x 5mm 325mm 6 8 x M10 30mm 2 EBT x 5mm 350mm 6 8 x M10 38mm 2 EBT x 6.3mm 590mm x M10 40mm 2 EBT x 6.3mm 1000mm x M10 50mm 3 EBT x 6.3mm 1500mm x M12 35mm 4 EBT Table above is a guide only Other Busbar sizes available on request All types of Fasteners available on request Top hat section mounting for easy installation Disconnecting link to be ordered separately Different insulators : THS-000 Fasteners Mild steel Electroplated steel Brass Stainless steel Expansion anchors : FTS-000 Top hat section with pre-drilled mounting holes Variety of bars Available in all sizes 9

12 5 Connectors Cable Crimping Lugs Cable size 16mm² 25mm² 35mm² 50mm² 70mm² 95mm² Cable dia 5mm 6.4mm 7.7mm 8.9mm 10.7mm 12.6mm Stud dia 8.4mm 10.5mm 13.0mm 17.0mm 8.4mm 10.5mm 13.0mm 17.0mm 8.4mm 10.5mm 13.0mm 17.0mm 8.4mm 10.5mm 13.0mm 14.5mm 17.0mm 21.0mm 8.4mm 10.5mm 13.0mm 14.5mm 17.0mm 21.0mm 8.4mm 10.5mm 13.0mm 14.5mm 17.0mm 21.0mm CLUG-016 CLUG-025 CLUG-035 CLUG-050 CLUG-070 CLUG-095 Cable size 120mm² 150mm² 185mm² 240mm² Cable dia 14.2mm 15.8mm 17.6mm 20.2mm Stud dia 8.4mm 10.5mm 13.0mm 14.5mm 17.0mm 21.0mm 8.4mm 10.5mm 13.0mm 14.5mm 17.0mm 21.0mm 8.4mm 10.5mm 13.0mm 14.5mm 17.0mm 21.0mm 8.4mm 10.5mm 13.0mm 14.5mm 17.0mm 21.0mm CLUG-120 CLUG-150 CLUG-185 CLUG-240 Line Taps M.O. ref Size Range Slot width 6 16mm mm 2 6mm ELT mm mm 2 6.7mm ELT mm mm 2 8.3mm ELT mm mm mm ELT-050 3/0 70mm mm mm ELT mm mm mm ELT mm mm mm ELT-120 5/8 150mm mm mm ELT-150 3/4 185mm mm mm ELT-185 Bi-metal line taps available on request 10

13 Exothermic Welding 6 The EARTHCOR exothermic welding process - simple & effective Handle clamp 2. Mould 3. Disc 4. Weldmetal powder 5. Mould scraper 6. Flint ignitor 7. Cleaning brush exothermic welding makes strong and low resistant electrical connections of various metals like; copper to copper, copper to steel and steel to steel. Without an external heat or power source The weld metal powder, consisting of powdered aluminium and copper oxide. The powder is poured into a graphite mould (as shown right) followed by the ignition powder. Nothing more than a spark is required to ignite the powder. The heat from the resultant exothermic reaction produces moulten copper and aluminium oxide slag. In a matter of seconds the molten copper melts the metal disc and flows down the tap hole and over the conductors in the weld chamber, melting them and welding them into a solid mass. Benefits A greater current capacity than the conductors Lower electrical resistance than a mechanical joint Will not corrode - lasting indefinitely Lends itself to field work since it requires no external heat source Time saving (entire process takes only a few seconds) No special skills required, only minimal training Superior to all known mechanical or pressure connectors Mould cover 2. Starting powder 3. Weldmetal powder 4. Disk 5. Tap hole 6. Weld Chamber 7. Cable (conductor) Exothermic Sealing Putty (Duxseal) 0.185kg 160mm : ESP Petrolatum Sealing Putty available on request 11

14 6 Exothermic Welding Cable to Cable / Rod to Rod SS1 SS2 SS3 SS4 SS5 SS6 Cable or Rod or Flat Copper to Earth Rod SE1 SE2 Ee1 Fe3 Copper Bar to Cable or Rod Connection SF1 SF2 SF3 Copper Bar to Bar Connections FF1 FF2 FF3 FF5 Other moulds available on request 12

15 Grounding/Earthing 7 Copper Earth Plate Plate size Thickness Weight 600 x 600mm 1.6mm 4.8kg CEP x 600mm 2mm 9.65kg CEP x 1000mm 3mm 26.80kg CEP Copper Lattice Earth Mat Grid Copper Grid Weight size flat bar spacing 500 x 500mm 25 x 3mm 250mm 2.50kg CEM x 1000mm 25 x 3mm 250mm 7.00kg CEM Different size mats available on request Example above using BCEW instead of flat bar Conductive Concrete Resistivity ±0.2 Ωm 20kg 35 Bags = ±1m3 Product Code: CEM-024 Petrolatum Tape (Denso) Diameter Length Weight per roll 25mm 10m 382g PTD mm 10m 762g PTD mm 10m 1.14kg PTD mm 10m 1.53kg PTD mm 10m 2.29kg PTD mm 10m 3.07kg PTD mm 10m 4.6kg PTD mm 10m 6.32kg PTD-400 5kg Paste 5kg PTD ml Paste 0.53kg PTD

16 8 Lightning Protection Pointed brass finial mounted on rod and flat parapit mounting bracket 2. Aluminium conductor 3. Push in clips for mounting 8mm aluminium conductor 4. Test clamp 5. Inspection box 6. Buried earth conductor 7. Crows foot earth installation consisting of 3 earth rods 8. Earth rods 9. Lattice copper earth mat 10. Solid earth plate 11. Universal clamp used for multiple earth connections 12. Brass earth rod clamp PLEASE NOTE: Aluminium conductors and down conductors to be installed above ground level only. Earthcor also facilitates site surveys and installations. SANS 1063: 2010 (earth rods, couplers and connections.) SANS 10199: 2010 (design and installations of earth electrodes.) IEC (protection against lightning part 3: physical damage to structures and life hazard.) IEC (protection against lightning part 4: electrical and electronic systems within structures.) Enquire with Corné for more details. Tel:

17 Lightning Protection 8 Aluminium Conductor Installations Push in clips with nail-in anchor : ALC-008 Adhesive base with push-in clip : ADB-008 8mm Aluminium down conductor sold in 100m rolls : RDC Line taps for straight T and X connections 8mm Dia. conductor : ELT-035 Line taps for straight T and X connections 10mm Dia. conductor : ELT-050 M16 flat parapit finial mounting bracket : FMB-M16 3-pointed brass finial nut type to be screwed on M16 rod : BFN-M16 Finial mounting Complete set : FMCS-M16 15

18 8 Lightning Protection Test Clamps Test connector Fittings not incuded : CTC Hex head stainless steel screw with flat washer PVC-insulated conductor to earth mat Mounting hole 25 x 5mm copper electro-tinned plated test clamp 8mm dia aluminium down conductor Earth Boss Test Connector M8 Screws : EBTC-M8 All test clamps to be installed +300mm above ground Inspection Box Lid marked Electrical Earth Connections Polyurethane : PLSEARINBOX Cement : CEMEARINBOX Cast Iron : CASEARINBOX Size 400 x 200 x 150mm 16

19 Useful Data 9 Mass Calculation Formulae Profile Shape Aluminium Brass Bronze Copper Steel Stainless Density 2.70 g/cm g/cm g/cm g/cm g/cm g/cm 3 Round Bar Square Bar Rectangular Bar Hexagon Rod Round Tube Irregular Shapes (Diameter) 2 in mm x = in mm x = (Width x Thickness) in mm x = in mm x = Wall Thickness x (Outer Diameter minus Wall Thickness) in mm x = Cross-sectional area in mm 2 x = (Diameter) 2 in mm x = in mm x = (Width x Thickness) in mm x = mass in kg/m in mm x = Wall Thickness x (Outer Diameter minus Wall Thickness) in mm x = Cross-sectional area in mm 2 x = (Diameter) 2 in mm x = in mm x = (Width x Thickness) in mm x = mass in kg/m in mm x = Wall Thickness x (Outer Diameter minus Wall Thickness) in mm x = Cross-sectional area in mm 2 x = (Diameter) 2 in mm x = in mm x = (Width x Thickness) in mm x = mass in kg/m in mm x = Wall Thickness x (Outer Diameter minus Wall Thickness) in mm x = Cross-sectional area in mm 2 x = (Diameter) 2 in mm x = in mm x = (Width x Thickness) in mm x = mass in kg/m in mm x = Wall Thickness x (Outer Diameter minus Wall Thickness) in mm x = Cross-sectional area in mm 2 x = (Diameter) 2 in mm x = in mm x = (Width x Thickness) in mm x = mass in kg/m in mm x = Wall Thickness x (Outer Diameter minus Wall Thickness) in mm x = Cross-sectional area in mm 2 x = Copper Flat Bar Conductor Fault Current Ratings Conductor W x T Cross section ka for 1 sec ka for 3 sec 12.5 x mm x mm x 3 60mm x mm x 3 75mm x 6 150mm Conductor W x T Cross section ka for 1 sec ka for 3 sec 30 x 3 90mm x 5 150mm x 3 114mm x 5 190mm x 6 228mm x 3 120mm Conductor W x T Cross section ka for 1 sec ka for 3 sec 40 x 6 240mm x 3 150mm x 4 200mm x 5 250mm x 6 300mm x mm

20 Copalcor has a New Aluminium Division! Earthcor Head Office & Works Phone: +27(0) sales@earthcor.co.za Copalcor Trading - Pretoria Phone: +27(0) sales@earthcor.co.za Come in and see our sourcing experts. We cut to the size. Tel: Copalcor Trading - Durban Phone: +27(0) sales@earthcor.co.za Copalcor Trading - Cape Town Phone: +27(0) /6 sales@earthcor.co.za Copalcor Trading - Port Elizabeth Phone: +27(0) sales@earthcor.co.za Earthcor Head Office: Gate B, 42 Rendell Road Wadeville 1428 Telephone: +27(0) Telefax: +27(0) sales@earthcor.co.za REGIONAL OFFICES Cape Town +27(0) Durban +27(0) Port Elizabeth +27(0) Pretoria +27(0) BEE Certificate Available AT: