Low Heat Input SMAW Welding Electrodes

Transcription

1 Lw Heat Input SMAW Welding Electrdes

2 MAINTENANCE WELDING Effective maintenance and repair are essential fr efficient running f industries. Welding, as a tl f maintenance and repair, plays a vitally imprtant rle in the functining f all majr industries. In general it may be said that practically any metal part which has brken r wrn-ut in service can be reclaimed by welding.in fact, ne f the first uses f welding was t repair brken machinery and parts. What started ut, as a prcess fr making an emergency repair until a replacement culd be btained, has tday becme an ecnmic necessity t cnserve expensive materials and t reduce inventries. The need fr maintenance welding arises mainly because f: a) Wear and b) Failure LTherme Electrdes in Temper-Prf Packs 4 Wear is caused by mechanical means like frictin, abrasin and impact in case f, relative mvement between the parts in cntact with each ther. Wear is als caused by crrsive actin f the medium being handled by the particular equipment. It is bserved that the magnitude f wear, may it be due t mechanical r chemical reasns, is greater at higher temperatures. Cmplete failure f the equipment is the next stage if wear exceeds permissible levels. Failure can als take place due t defective material r accidental verlads. In additin t the applicatin f welding prcess t salvage brken parts, resurfacing by welding has becme an ecnmical slutin t varius prblems. A majrity f maintenance welding is carried ut by the shielded manual metal arc prcess. 5

3 T btain lnger service life in many cases, it is even ecnmical t surface new parts befre putting them t use. This handbk is designed t guide yu in the selectin f suitable electrdes fr shielded manual arc welding fr varius maintenance applicatins. SPECIAL FEATURES OF MAINTENANCE WELDING In maintenance welding, the weld metal is depsited n the wrn-ut cmpnent r is used t jin fractured cmpnent. Therefre, it is essential that the weld metal pssesses the prperties, which will meet the service requirements f the cmpnent and enhance its service life. Mst f the times the cmpnent calls fr welding nly in certain areas and therefre in maintenance welding it is essential t see that the cmpnent des nt lse its riginal prperties in the areas where welding has nt been dne. These special features assciated with maintenance welding impse restrictins n selectin f welding cnsumables and als call fr reductin f heat input during welding. metallurgical state f the base material affects the prperties f the depsited weld metal since the first layer will always be diluted with base material. The carbn cntent and ther allying elements can have a prnunced effect n the first layer f weld depsit. There is als a risk f damage t the desirable structure in the heat-affected zne f the base material. It is in this cntext that the intrductin f LTherme lw heat input electrdes can be fully appreciated. Yu derive the fllwing benefits when yu use LTherme electrdes: Reduced pick-up f carbn and ther detrimental elements frm the base material; Minimal effect n the surface f the base material adjacent t the fusin zne, knwn as heat-affected zne: Reduced prpensity fr grain carsening in weld metal and HAZ, thereby resulting in better tughness f weld and HAZ; Reduced width f the HAZ; 6 LTherme lw heat input welding LTherme electrdes are specially designed fr lw heat input welding. These electrdes are the result f extensive develpment, testing and analysis in ur well-equipped mdern labratries. The advantages f welding, particularly fr maintenance and repair applicatins, with lw heat input LTherme electrdes needs n emphasis. It is well knwn that the cmpsitin and Reductin in the cracking tendency f the highly brittle materials due t reduced 'thermal shck'; Less distrtin f the weldment; Lwer cnsumptin f electrdes, especially in hardfacing applicatins due t lwer dilutin with the parent material. Thrugh develpments in the design f flux cating, it has been ensured that each LTherme electrde perfrms at lw welding currents, lw arc vltage and shrt arc length. These factrs are 7

4 strictly cntrlled t ensure that yu get the maximum advantage f lw heat input welding with LTherme electrde. SELECTION OF ELECTRODE FOR MAINTENANCE WELDING Selectin f electrde in maintenance welding is a very imprtant step fr achieving the desired results. The tw majr factrs, which basically cntrl the selectin f electrdes, are: 1) Types f base material. ) Service cnditin. Thugh there are ther factrs, which can influence the chice n welding electrdes, the abve tw factrs primarily decide the welding electrdes. WELDING TECHNIQUE The welding technique fr each type f LTherme electrde is highlighted in the individual prduct literature. It is, hwever, necessary t bserve certain general prcedures and precautins in rder t btain best results. Electrdes shuld be kept dry. Misture pick-up affects the perfrmance f the electrdes as als the sundness f the weld depsits. It is advisable t dry the electrdes befre use as suggested in the individual prduct literature. Clean the weld grve and the adjacent area thrughly free f rust, scale, paint, il, grease r any ther surface cntaminatin. Fr remval f paint, il r grease frm the surface, it is advisable t use acetne r any ther slvent. 8 TYPES OF MATERIAL The different types f base materials that are nrmally encuntered in any industry are: 1) Carbn and lw ally steels ) Stainless steels 3) Austenitic Mn steels and 4) Cast irn. The salient features f welding these materials are listed in apprpriate sectins in this handbk tgether with the electrdes that are suitable fr these materials. These guidelines shuld help the maintenance welding persnnel t select the electrde fr their applicatins. Use lwest pssible current and shrt arc. As far as pssible d nt weave the electrde. Use stringer bead technique. If weaving becmes necessary due t psitin f welding, the width f weaving shuld nt exceed tw t three times the cre wire diameter f the electrde. While welding n austenitic manganese steel, cast irns and thin sheets especially stainless steel, the length f each weld bead shuld be limited and the welds staggered ver the surface t be welded. In case f austenitic manganese steel and cast irns, shrt and staggered weld beads help avid cracks whereas in case f thin sheets, this technique helps cntrl distrtin. Please refer t individual LTherme prduct literature fr further details n cntrl f heat input. 9

5 While welding hard and brittle materials, especially cast irns, it is necessary t peen the weld beads. Peening helps in reductin f residual stresses by 'stretching' the weld metal. Peening shuld be dne immediately after the weld metal has slidified and the slag is remved. Apprpriate pre-heat and pst-weld heat treatment may have t be adpted depending upn the physical as well as the metallurgical cnditins frm which the parts may have t be reclaimed. Please cnsult ur Engineer fr further details. Packing and strage f electrdes All LTherme electrdes are supplied in misture-prf and shck-prf high density plythene cntainers. Fr further prtectin, the electrdes are first packed in misture-prf, lwdensity plythene bags. Save Time and Mney with LTherme Due t its ecnmic advantages, welding naturally plays a very imprtant rle in maintenance wrk, particularly fr emergency repairs r building-up wrn ut parts. There is n need t treat such wrk as a temprary jb t keep the plant ging till a replacement part is prcured. LTherme-lw heat input electrdes are specially designed t ensure that the parts reclaimed by welding, in many cases, perfrm better than the riginals. Each LTherme electrde is develped after a thrugh study f the applicatin requirements. Save time and mney by adpting LTherme electrdes and technique. LTherme electrdes are supplied in 1 kg. and kg. packing. Small quantities in each packet will help yu cntrl yur inventry csts as well as avid wastage f electrdes. Rectangular cntainers facilitate string. N special strage cnditins are necessary fr LTherme electrdes. The strage area, hwever, shuld nt be expsed t misture cnditins. Each LTherme electrde is printed alng the length near the hlder-end with the brand name fr easy and psitive identificatin

6 Electrdes fr Carbn & Lw Ally Steels CARBON AND LOW ALLOY STEELS The carbn steels are the mst cmmn materials used fr varius applicatins. The percentage f carbn is a majr criterin in deciding its prperties and als its weldability. Increasing amunts f carbn results in lss f ductility f the material and renders the material difficult t weld. Therefre, the percentage f carbn will have t be determined befre deciding n the welding techniques and cnsumables. The susceptibility f the material t frm hard structures like martensite increases with the higher percentage f carbn. With higher percentage f carbn, additinal precautins like pre-heat, pst-heat may be required t achieve the desired prperties. The ally steels in additin t carbn have additins f allying elements like Mn, Ni, Cr, M, V, etc., which increase the susceptibility f the material t frm hard structures like martensite. These lw ally steels als, therefre, require special cnsideratin while designing the welding prcedures. In general, these lw ally steels are welded with a suitable pre-heat depending n the cmpsitin f the base material and the sectin thickness invlved. Our LTherme electrdes in the 00 and 300 series are suitable fr this grup f materials; the 00 series suitable fr sheet metal welding and the 300 series suitable fr carbn and lw ally steels. Apart frm jining applicatins LTherme-35 is als suitable fr buffer layers n a variety f carbn and lw ally steels and cast irn. These buffer layers are: a) Useful fr prviding a ductile layer ver the hard material befre hardfacing. b) Fr sealing ff the impurity elements particularly in cast irn. Depending n the cmpsitin f the material, suitable pre-heat fr the base material will have t be selected.

7 LTherme - 00 A special lw heat input electrde fr welding mild steel. LTherme-00 is a specially frmulated lw heat input electrde fr welding mild steel sheets, structural, etc. It can be used n AC/DC (-) and can be perated with ease in all welding psitins including vertical dwn. The beads are finely rippled and arc is smth. Applicatins : LTherme-00 is ideally suited fr sheet metal welding, structural welding using lw heat input welding technique. Ideal fr welding mild steels in maintenance wrk. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 47 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 8 % * Clean the weld area free f all cntaminants. * Use lw current, shrt arc technique. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (-) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme - 10 Exclusive electrde fr lw heat input welding f mild steel with minimal distrtin. LTherme-10 flux frmulatin is s chsen that the electrde prduces excellent weld finish at extremely lw current. It can be used n AC/DC ( ± )in all cnventinal psitins. Finely rippled weld beads, sft and steady arc which is easy t strike and restrike and self-detachable slag are a few amng many pleasant features assciated with LTherme-10. Applicatins : LTherme-10 has been specially designed fr welding sheet metal with lw heat input technique in rder t prevent distrtin. Hwever, it can als be used fr welding mild steel f higher thickness. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 48 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 8 % Keep the electrde dry. Clean the weld area free f any surface cntaminatin. Use lw current and shrt arc technique. While welding sheet metal, it will be f greater advantage if the jb can be placed in an inclined psitin and welded dwnhill. This will als help in increasing welding utput. Current Cnditins : AC/DC ( ± ) Size (mm) 5x350 4x x350.5x350 x300 Current Range

8 LTherme - 10R LTherme A medium cated electrde fr lw heat input welding f mild steel with minimal distrtin. Lw heat input basic cated type high-yield hydrgen cntrlled electrde. Characteristics: LTherme-10R prduces excellent weld finish at extremely lw current. It can be used n AC / DC (+) in all cnventinal psitins. Finely rippled weld beads, sft and steady arc radigraphic quality weld and self-detachable slag are a few amng many pleasant features assciated with LTherme-10R. Applicatins: LTherme-10R has been designed fr welding sheet metal in lw heat input technique. It can als be used fr welding mild steel f higher thicknesses depending n the applicatins. This electrde can be used fr fabricatin and repairing f Buckles, Gear cases, Prtectr tubs, Dr patches, Side panels, End wall patches etc. f rlling stcks and lcmtives. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 48 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 7 % Keep the electrde dry. Clean the weld area free f any surface cntaminatin. Use lw current and shrt arc technique. While welding sheet metal, it will be f greater advantage if the jb can be placed in an inclined psitin and welded dwn hill. This will als help increase welding utput. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (-) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range Lw heat input, lw hydrgen type electrde. Steady, smth arc, which is easy t strike and restrike. Easy t perate in all cnventinal welding psitins. Extremely lw spatter, excellent slag detachability and finely rippled weld beads. Radigraphic quality welds having excellent cracking resistance. Weld metal f excellent tughness t withstand heavy dynamic lading and impact. Applicatins : LTherme 351 is ideally suited fr welding carbn steels used in the cnstructin f machinery and equipment subjected t heavy dynamic lad, impact and severe service cnditins. Sme f the typical applicatins include: Heavy structures subjected t dynamic lading and impact, Highly restrained jints, Rail caches, Wagns, Ships, Girders fr clumns, bridges, Blast furnace shells, Rtary kiln shells, building machinery, Earth mving machinery, Bilers, Pressure vessels. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 53 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 8 % Redry the electrdes at 50C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area cmpletely free f il, grease, paint, rust r any ther freign matter. Fr welding heavy sectins in cast steel, preheating f the part may prve beneficial. Use shrt arc. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (±) Size (mm) 5x450 4x x450.5x350 Current Range

9 LTherme - 35 Hydrgen cntrlled electrde fr mild medium carbn, high strength steels, cast steels prblem steels and fr cushin layer under hard depsits. LTherme-35,a hydrgen cntrlled AC/DC (+) electrde, perates equally well in all cnventinal psitins. High quality, high strength, crack-free RADIOGRAPHIC welds are the special features f LTherme-35. Welds display gd ductility and impact resistance at ambient and sub-zer temperatures. Applicatins : LTherme-35 is ideally suited fr welding mild, medium carbn, high tensile steels, difficult steels, steels high in sulphur and phsphrus, heavy structures, plant and equipment subjected t dynamic lading and impact. It is equally gd fr depsiting buffer layer befre hard surfacing. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 56 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 8 % Fr best results, dry the electrde at 50 C fr tw hurs befre use. Clean the weld area cmpletely free f il, grease, paint, rust r any ther freign matter. Fr welding heavy sectins in cast steel, pre-heating f the part may prve beneficial. Use shrt arc. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5x350 4x x350.5x350 Current Range LTherme - 35R A lw heat input electrdes fr mild, medium carbn steels, cast steels and fr buffer layers. LTherme-35R is a lw heat input AC/DC electrde, perates equally well in all cnventinal psitins. High quality, high strength, crack free radigraphic welds are the special features f LTherme-35 R. Welds display excellent ductility and tughness. Applicatins : LTherme-35R is suitable fr repair f bgies, bth cast and fabricated. Als suitable fr welding mild, medium carbn steels, difficult steels, steels heavy structures, repair f C-C bgies, plant and equipment subject t dynamic lading and impact. It is als suitable fr depsiting buffer layers befre hard surfacing. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 57 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 6 % Redry the electrdes at 50C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area cmpletely free f il, grease, paint, rust r any ther freign matter. Fr welding heavy sectins in cast steel, preheating f the part may prve beneficial. Use shrt arc. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 6.3x350 5x350 4x x350.5x350 Current Range

10 Welding Cast Steel Gear Using LTherme-35 & LTherme-601 1

11 LTherme LTherme A lw heat input electrde fr welding carbn steel. An extra lw hydrgen lw heat input electrde depsiting a lw ally steel weld metal. LTherme-353 is a AC/DC ( ± ) electrde perating in all cnventinal psitins depsiting a high strength weld metal. The depsits are f radigraphic quality and display excellent ductility and tughness. Applicatins : LTherme-353 is ideally suited fr welding mild, medium carbn steels f medium tensile strength. Ideal electrde having excellent peratinal characteristics fr welding carbn steels where a high jint strength is required. The electrde has a high metal recvery and is ideal fr achieving faster welding speed and welding utput. LTherme-355 is an extra lw hydrgen lw heat input electrde depsiting a lw ally steel, high strength weld metal ideal fr maintenance and repair welding f Cr- Ni -M high strength lw ally steels, case hardened steels, heat-treated steels, etc. The extra lw hydrgen helps in preventing cld cracks. Applicatins : Ideal fr maintenance and repair welding f high strength steels, case hardened steels, heat-treated steels, etc. Typical applicatins include welding f rlls, shafts, gear wheels, etc. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 54 kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 8 % Keep the electrdes dry. Clean the weld area free f all cntaminatin. Use lw current and shrt arc technique. Current Cnditins : AC/DC ( ± ) Size (mm) 5x350 4x x350.5x350 Current Range Typical Mechanical Prperties : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 78 Kgf/mm Redry the electrdes at 350 C fr hurs. Clean the weld area free f all cntaminants. In case f the case hardened materials, the case shuld be remved befre welding. Depending n the base material, a suitable welding prcedure shuld be evlved fr reclamatin. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5x350 4x x350.5x350 Current Range

12 LTherme Lw Heat input electrde fr hardfacing f laddle car wheels. LTherme Lw heat input electrde fr withstanding thermal shcks. LTherme-356, is a hydrgen cntrlled, AC/DC (+) electrde, perates equally well in all cnventinal psitins. High quality, crack free welds are the special features f LTherme-356 Applicatins : LTherme-356 is a versatile lw heat input electrde, depsiting a tugh air-hardening ally, which gives a mderate abrasin and impact. It can be used n mild steel, carbn steel, lw ally steel, etc., where hardness f BHN is required. Sme f the typical applicatins include : Laddle car wheels, tractr idler wheels, brake shes, rpeway, tramcar rails and wheels, gear teeth, etc. Hardness : BHN 0 Fr best results dry the electrdes at 50 C fr hurs befre use. Clean the weld area cmpletely free f il, grease, paints, rust r any ther freign matter. Fr welding heavy sectins in cast steel, preheating f the part may prve beneficial. Use shrt arc. Current Cnditins : AC / DC (+) Size (mm) 5x350 4x x350.5x350 Current Range LTherme-357, is a special type electrde, perates equally well in all cnventinal psitins. Smth and sft arc, which is easy t strike and restrike. Finely rippled smth weld beads. Crack free RADIOGRAPHIC welds are the special features f LTherme-357. Applicatins : LTherme-357 is a versatile lw heat input electrde. Ideally suited fr welding 0.5Cr - 0.5M, 1Cr - 0.5M and 1.5Cr - 0.5M steels. The weld depsit gives excellent tensile strength and creep resistance at elevated temperatures. Typical Mechanical Prperties : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 60 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 5 % 0 Fr best results dry the electrdes at 50 C fr hurs befre use. Clean the weld area cmpletely free f il, grease, paints, rust r any ther freign matter. Fr welding heavy sectins in cast steel and lw ally steel, preheating f the part may prve beneficial. Use shrt arc and stringer beads. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5x350 4x x350.5x350 Current Range

13 STAINLESS STEELS Stainless steels are nrmally allyed with cnsiderable amunts f allying elements like Cr, Ni. The mst cmmnly used austenitic stainless steels cntain 18Cr-8 Ni, 5Cr-1 Ni, 5Cr-0 Ni and several mdified versins are als available t suit the service cnditins. The welding f austenitic stainless steels rarely pses any prblem. The 400 series f LTherme electrdes represent the electrdes depsiting stainless steels weld metals. This range cnsists f electrdes, which are suited nt nly fr welding similar materials but als fr dissimilar materials. Electrdes fr Stainless Steels, Dissimilar Metals, etc. Electrdes like LTherme-45, LTherme-453 and LTherme-455 are suited fr welding stainless steels f similar cmpsitin, Electrdes like LTherme-456, LTherme-457, LTherme-458, LTherme-464, LTherme-467 and LTherme- 468 are suited nt nly fr welding stainless steels but als are suited fr welding a number f dissimilar material cmbinatins. The varius materials that can be welded with these electrdes are indicated in the individual technical data f each electrde. 7 8

14 LTherme-430 Lw heat input electrdes fr welding f AISI 430 and equivalent 17% chrmium steels. LTherme-430 is a lw heat input electrde depsiting a weld metal cntaining 17% chrmium. The weld depsit displays gd resistance t crrsin and heat. Applicatins : LTherme-430 is ideally suited fr : Welding f stainless steel AISI 430 and equivalent 17% chrmium steels. Fr verlay carbn steel, lw ally steels, and chrmium steels. It is apprpriate electrde, where the service cnditins require gd resistance t crrsin and heat up t 550C. Typical applicatins include surfacing f valves, impellers, turbine blades, and valve seats. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 54 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : % Keep the electrdes dry. Fr best results, redry the electrdes at C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area thrughly free f any freign matter. Use lw current, shrt arc and stringer beads. Current Cnditins : DC(+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

15 LTherme-444 L LTherme-451 Electrde with 13% Cr, 4% Ni Stabilized Lw Carbn Electrde fr Cr Ni M Steel 30 LTherme-444L especially designed fr the fabricatin and repair welding f hydr turbine cmpnents made f sft martensitic SS 13%Cr - 4%Ni allyed steels and cast steel. Suitable fr reclamatins f ASTM CA6NM casting, cntinuus casting rlls, etc. Applicatins : LTherme-444L is a well suited welding electrde fr jining and building up n crrsin resistant martensitic Cr - Ni steels and the crrespnding cast steels. The electrde is being used in armatures and pwer statin cnstructin. The welding depsit has an increased resistance against cavitatins and ersin als at wrking temperatures up t 350 C. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 93 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : 17 % CVN IMPACT STRENGTH AT ROOM TEMPERATURE : 60 Jules Weld the electrde slightly inclined with a shrt arc. Re-drying -3 hurs at C. Fr wall thickness mre than 10mm, preheating 150 C is recmmended. Current Cnditins : DC(+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme-451 prduces depsits f extra lw carbn with balanced Cr - Ni rati and cntrlled ferrite. Furthermre, stabilisatin with clumbium ensures excellent resistance t crrsin. The presence f mlybdenum imprves the crrsin resistance in reducing media. Easy arc striking and restriking, excellent weld finish and gd slag detachability are sme f the many pleasant features assciated. Applicatins : LTherme-451 is well suited fr welding AISI 316, 316L, 316Ti, 317, 318, 318Ti, and ther mlybdenum bearing stainless steels, which find extensive applicatins in paper, fertilizer, il refining and chemical industries. The extra lw carbn cupled with clumbium in the weld depsit ensures excellent resistance t carbide precipitatin and the resultant intergranular crrsin. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal: ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 61 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : 35 % Fr best results, dry the electrdes at abut 15 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean weld surface thrughly free f any surface cntaminatin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : AC / DC(+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

16 LTherme - 45 LTherme Lw heat input AC-DC, all psitin, extra lw carbn Cr-Ni stainless steel electrde. Lw heat input AC-DC, ALL POSITION Cr-Ni-Cb stabilized stainless steel electrde 3 LTherme-45 prduces weld depsits f extra lw carbn with balanced Cr-Ni rati and cntrlled ferrite fr utstanding resistance t hazards f cracking, weld decay, crrsin and pitting. Excellent weld finish, easy striking and restriking, stable arc and gd slag detachability are a few amng many pleasant features assciated with LTherme-45. Applicatins : LTherme-45 is ideally suited fr welding AISI stainless steels types 01, 301, 30, 304, 304L, 308, 308L and their equivalents. The extra lw carbn in the weld depsit ensures freedm frm carbide precipitatin and resultant intergranular crrsin. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 53 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 35 % Fr best results, dry the electrdes at abut 15 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean weld surface thrughly free f any surface cntaminatin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5x350 4x x350.5x350 Current Range LTherme-453 prduces Cr-Ni-Cb stabilized weld depsits with balanced Cr-Ni rati and cntrlled ferrite fr excellent resistance t crrsin. The electrde is characterised by sft and stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike, finely rippled weld beads f radigraphic quality and easily detachable slag. Applicatins : LTherme-453 is ideally suited fr lw heat welding n AISI 301, 30, 304, 304L, 308, 308L, 31 and 347 stainless steel which are used in il refining, chemical, paper pigments and paints, brewery, dairy and fd prcessing industries.the welds have excellent resistance t carbide precipitatin and the resultant intergranular crrsin. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 54 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 30 % Fr best results, dry the electrdes at abut 15 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean weld surface thrughly free f any surface cntaminatin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5x350 4x x350.5x350 Current Range

17 LTherme LTherme Lw heat input AC-DC, all psitin extra lw carbn Cr-Ni-Mstabilized stainless steel electrde. LTherme-455 prduces depsits f extra lw carbn with balanced Cr-Ni rati and cntrlled ferrite. Furthermre, stabilisatin with clumbium ensures excellent resistance t crrsin. The presence f mlybdenum imprves the crrsin resistance in reducing media. Easy arc striking and restriking, excellent weld finish and gd slag detachability are sme f the many pleasant features assciated with LTherme-455. Applicatins : LTherme-455 is well suited fr welding AISI 316, 316L, 316Ti, 317, 318, 318Ti, and ther mlybdenum bearing stainless steels, which find extensive applicatins in paper, fertilizer, il refining and chemical industries. The extra lw carbn cupled with clumbium in the weld depsit ensures excellent resistance t carbide precipitatin and the resultant intergranular crrsin. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 54 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 5 % Fr best results, dry the electrdes at abut 15 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean weld surface thrughly free f any surface cntaminatin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5x350 4x x350.5x350 Current Range Lw heat input AC/DC, all psitin versatile stainless steel electrde fr welding stainless and dissimilar steels. LTherme-456 is characterized by excellent peratinal features n DC as well as AC pwer surces, a quiet, sft and stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike, gd slag detachability and evenly rippled beads. The weld metal is strng, tugh and ductile. Applicatins : LTherme-456 is ideally suited fr jining stainless steels t carbn steels, lw ally steels, cast steels and austenitic manganese steels fr verlay welds. Typical applicatins include valve seats, pump impeller, shafts, etc. fr chemical dairy, brewery and fd industries. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 57 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 30 % 34 Fr best results, dry the electrdes at abut 15 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean weld surface thrughly free f any surface cntaminatin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5x350 4x x350.5x350 Current Range

18 LTherme Special electrde fr lw heat input welding and surfacing f austenitic manganese steels and steels f widely varying cmpsitin. LTherme-457 prduces weld depsits, which display excellent resistance t impact in cmbinatin with crrsin. Resistance t scaling is retained up t 850 C. The special features include, sft and stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike, well rippled smth weld beads and gd slag detachability. Applicatins : The balanced chemistry f LTherme-457 results in high quality welds n a wide range f similar and dissimilar steels, such as jining f austenitic manganese steels t themselves, and t ferritic steels. Other applicatins include welding f austenitic stainless steel t itself, t ther steels and als fr welding f heat treatable ally steels fr fabricatin welding, maintenance and reclamatin f wrn-ut parts, bth fr buffer layer and hardfacing in mining, cement, steel, pwer plant, earth mving machinery, etc. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : HARDNESS As Welded : 00 BHN Wrk hardens (under impact) t BHN Keep the electrdes dry. In case f misture pick up, redry at 0 15 C fr minimum ne hur. Clean the weld area thrughly free f any freign matter. Use lw current, shrt arc and stringer beads. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5x350 4x x350.5x350 Current Range Welding heavy jints in Mn Steels : Recmmended Electrde LTherme-457 Welding Mn Steels buckets using LTherme

19 38 LTherme - 457IVR Specially develped lw heat input electrde fr resurfacing rail pints and crssings. LTherme-457IVR has been frmulated t prduce extra tugh and crack resistant weld metal. The weld metal exhibits excellent resistance t rlling and sliding frictin, abrasin and impact. The weld metal wrk hardens under impact. The electrde pssesses pleasing perating characteristics and prduces smth, well-rippled weld beads. Applicatins : LTherme-457IVR has been specially develped fr resisting rlling and sliding frictin, abrasin and impact service cnditins as encuntered by rail pints and crssings. It is ideally suited fr resurfacing rail pints and crssings, wrn-ut rails, etc. in rder t enhance the service life. LTherme-457IVR is recmmended fr bth buffer and surface layers. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : HARDNESS As Welded : 0 BHN Wrk hardens (under impact) t BHN Keep the electrdes dry. In case f misture pick-up, they shuld be redried at 15 C fr minimum ne hur. Clean the area thrughly f all cntaminants. Use lw current, shrt arc and stringer beads. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range APPROVED BY RDSO UNDER H3 CLASS AS SINGLE ELECTRODE. LTherme S Special heavy cated electrde fr welding and surfacing f austenitic manganese steels LTherme-457S is easily weldable with stable arc, hmgeneus, finely rippled bead appearance and gives gd slag remval. The fully austenitic weld metal is resistant t rust and scale up t 850 C, wrk hardening. Applicatins : LTherme-457S is suited fr particularly tugh, crack resistant jints and surfacing n steels f higher tensile strength, hardmanganese steel and mixed cmbinatins including hetergeneus jints. Suitable fr surfacing n parts subjected t impact, pressure and rlling wear, such as rails curved rails, switches, rlls, etc. an fr tugh buffer layers under hard allys. A main applicatin field is fr repair and maintenance in the cnstructin industry. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 66 Kgf/mm HARDNESS : As Welded : 00 BHN Wrk Hardened : Welding Instructins : UP TO 350 BHN Clean welding area thrughly. Pre-heating f thick-walled ferritic part t C. Hld electrde vertically with a shrt arc. Re dry electrdes that have gt damp at C fr hurs. Current Cnditins : AC / DC(+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

20 Jining f Mild Steel with Austenitic Manganese Steel with ur LTherme LTherme A versatile electrde fr lw heat input welding dissimilar steels, and fr verlays. LTherme-458 prduces welds f RADIOGRAPHIC quality, resistant t crrsin and scaling at elevated temperatures up t 1050 C. Evenly rippled, extremely smth weld beads. Sft and stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike. Gd slag detachability. Applicatins : LTherme-458 is ideally suited fr : (1) Welding stainless steel AISI 309 and similar cmpsitins in wrught r cast frm ; () Jining 18/8 stainless steel t mild steel ; (3) Welding the clad side f 18/8 stainless steel; (4) Applying sheet linings f 1 % Cr r 17% Cr steel t mild steel Shells; (5) Overlays n carbn steels and lw ally steels fr superir crrsin resistance. Typical applicatins include furnace parts and a number f ther machinery and equipment. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 57 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 30 % Keep the electrde dry. Redry mist electrdes at 15 C fr ne hur. Use lw current, shrt arc length and stringer beads. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size(mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

21 LTherme - 458S A l l p s i t i n a n s t e n i t i c s t a i n l e s s s t e e l e l e c t r d e f r d i s s i m i l a r a n d u n k n w n s t a i n l e s s s t e e l. C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : L T h e r m e - 4i s 5c8 hs arc t e r i zse td e a d& y s m tah r c w, h i c ih s e a s y t s t r i ka e n d r e s t re i. ke x c e l l es nl at g d e t a c h a bai ln i d tf y i n e l y r i p p l ew d e l dbs e a ds f ra d i ag pr h iqc u a l. i Re t y s i s t at n ct r r s i n a n d s c a l i na g t e l eav t e td e m pae tr u r eu s p t C. A p p l i c a t i: n s L T h e r m e - 4i s 5i d8 es a lsl uy i t ef d r : We l d i n g f s t a i n l es st es e l A I S3I 0 9 a n d s i m i lca r m p s i t i n wn rs u gh r t c a sft r m. T h e a l l ey x h i b ie txs c e l l er ne t s i s t a nh ci ge h x i d a t ia t n h i g h t e m p a. n d m a i n t asi tn r e n g t h O. v e ryl as n c a r b sn t e e la s n d l w a l l y s t e e l fs r s u p e r i c r r r s i r en s i s t a n cty e p. i c a l a p p l i c a t in nc s l u df ue r n a cp e a r ths e a t r e a t m eb n t xe s, c l l e r p l a t e. T y p i c am l e c h a n i cp ar l p e r t io ef s A l l W e l d M e t a: l U LT I M AT E T E N S I L E S T R E N G T H E L O N GT AI O N ( L = 4 d ) : 3 0 % W e l d i nt g e c h n i q: u e : 5 8 K g f / m m Ke e p t h e l e c t r d er y. s F r b e srt e s u l tr s e, d rty h e l e c t r da et s f C r n e h u r b e f e r u s e. C l e a n t h e w e l d a r e a t h r u gfhr ley e f a n y f re i g n m a t t. eu rs e l w c u r r e ns t h, ra t r c a n d s t r i n gb er a d s. C u r r e nc t n d i t i : na s C / D( C + ) S i z e ( m m ) 5 x x x x D i a x L e n g t h C u r r e nat nrg e ( A m p s ) 4

22 LTherme Lw heat input, special purpse stainless steel electrde fr stainless steels and steels f dissimilar cmpsitin. LTherme-464 is characterised by a stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike. Easily remvable slag, smth finely rippled welds f RADIOGRAPHIC quality. The weld metal is fully austenitic in structure and pssesses high strength, high ductility, gd tughness and creep strength. Resistance t scaling is retained upt 1100 C. Applicatins : LTherme-464 is ideally suited fr welding f stainless steel AISI 310 t itself and t ther steels, straight chrmium stainless steels, dissimilar steels, including steels f relatively high hardenability, clad steels, carbn-mlybdenum and chrmiummlybdenum piping. Sme f the typical applicatins include welding f heat exchangers, heat-treating pts and bxes, furnace parts, etc. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 56 Kgf/mm Dry the electrde at 15 C fr ne hur befre use. Keep the interpass temperature as lw as pssible by using lw current and lw heat input. Use shrt arc and stringer beads. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme - 464S Lw heat input stainless steel electrde fr jining and verlaying f stainless steels t itself and t ther steels. A new ally lw temp. stainless steel electrde with excellent slag detachability and finely rippled welds beads f RADIOGRAPHIC quality. The weld metal is fully austenitic in structure and pssesses high strength, high ductility, gd tughness and creep strength. Resistance t scaling is retained up t 1000 C. Applicatins : Designed fr applicatins requiring high degree f xidatin resistance. Sme f the typical applicatins include: Furnace parts, anchrs, heat exchangers, and parts expsed t high temperature with lading. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 57 Kgf/mm Keep the electrdes dry. Fr best results, redry the electrdes at C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area thrughly free f any freign matter. Keep interpass temperature as lw as pssible. Use lw current, shrt arc and stringer beads. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size(mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

23 LTherme A universal stainless steel electrde fr lw heat input welding and verlays n mst types f stainless, mild, lwally and 'special' steels. LTherme-467 is characterised by quiet and stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike, finely rippled, smth weld beads and gd slag detachability. Applicatins : LTherme-467 is a 'universal' electrde suited fr welding all grades f steels where high strength and crrsin resistance in cmbinatin with heat resistance are imprtant factrs. Fr welding f straight chrmium stainless steel such as AISI 410, and 430 Ltherme-467 is the apprpriate electrde. Typical applicatins f LTherme-467 include salvaging pumps, valves and shafts perating at high temperatures. Als suitable fr ht dies and verlays n cast irn. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 58 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 30 % Fr best results dry the electrdes at abut 15 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean weld surface thrughly free f any surface cntaminatin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 x 300 Current Range

24 46 LTherme A universal lw heat input high strength, high ally electrde fr crack-free welds and verlays n steels f widely varying cmpsitins. LTherme-468 filler wire and flux material are s chsen that it is highly favurable fr prducing welds which have cmplete freedm frm hazards f cracking n a wide variety f similar and dissimilar materials including difficult steels. It perates equally well n AC as well as n DC(+) in all cnventinal welding psitins. Extremely lw spatter. Easily detachable slag. Very smth weld finish, which takes high plish. Applicatins : LTherme-468 is ideally suited fr high strength, crack-free welds and verlays subject t services under wear, frictin, impact, heat and crrsin n mild carbn, lw ally, mlybdenum-vanadium spring, tl and die, stainless DIFFICULT and dissimilar steels. Typical applicatins include welding n pressure vessels, salt water pipe lines, dies, tls, leaf and cil springs and similar parts and surfacing ht dies, pints and crssing, gear teeth, frged shafts, earth mving equipment and machine parts. It is als ideal fr use as a buffer layer prir t applying hardfacing allys. It is suitable fr rebuilding in cnstructin and mining industries. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 85 Kgf/mm ELONGATION : % Dry the electrde at abut 15 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area free frm il, grease, dirt r any ther surface cntaminatin. Hld a shrt arc. D nt weave the electrde. Weld with stringer beads. Intermittent welds may be necessary fr welding high ally and hardenable steels. Peening will relieve internal stresses. Fr certain high ally tl steels preheating is recmmended. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme (SPL) A special purpse electrde fr lw heat input welding f austenitic manganese steel. LTherme-468 (SPL) prduces a weld depsit having excellent crack resistance n a variety f steels particularly austenitic Mn steels. The metal exhibits a pleasing perating characteristics with gd slag detachability. Applicatins : LTherme-468 (SPL) is ideally suited fr welding f austenitic manganese steel cmpnents t themselves and t mild steel. It is als suited fr buffer layers n these steels as well as carbn steels. Ideal fr jining f manganese steel liners and ther austenitic manganese steel cmpnents with steel casting t IS:1030 Gr W /80-50W r t IS:06. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 190 BHN Wrk hardens under impact upt : BHN Ensure the electrdes are dry and in case f misture pick up, 0 redry the electrdes at 50 Cfr ne hur. Ensure cleanliness f the weld area and use shrt arc, lwest current pssible and stringer beads. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size(mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

25 Brken gear being reclaimed with LTherme-468 Brken Shaft Welded with LTherme

26 LTherme A lw heat input electrde fr crack free, high strength welds n all steels. Brken Shaft Welded with LTherme-468 Demnstratin in Prgress with ur LTherme-468 LTherme-469 is an ideal lw heat input electrde fr high strength welds n steels. Pleasing perating characteristics, smth weld beads, high strength crack resistant weld metal are features assciated with this electrde. Applicatins : Ideally recmmended fr high strength jints in steels, dissimilar jints in carbn, lw ally steels, dissimilar jints in carbn steels t s t a i n l e s s s t e e l s, e t c., b u ffer l ayers b e fre hardfacing, etc. Typical applicatins include gears, dies, shafts, earth mving machinery, general machine parts, etc. Typical Ultimate Tensile Strength Of Weld Metal : 80 Kgf/mm 0 The electrdes shuld be dry. Redry the mist electrdes at 15 C fr ne hur. Use shrt arc and stringer beads. Use Pre-heating wherever necessary. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x350.5 x 350 Current Range

27 LTherme LTherme-483 A versatile lw heat input electrde fr crack free welds n a variety f steels Lw heat input electrde depsiting lw carbn high Cr - high Ni - M -Cu weld metal. LTherme -470 is a lw heat input electrde ideally suited fr prducing crack free welds n a variety f steels. It perates equally well n AC as well as DC (+) in all cnventinal psitins. Smth weld beads, extremely lw spatter are sme f the features assciated with this electrde. Applicatins : Ideal fr repair and maintenance welding n a variety f steels; dissimilar jints between carbn, lw ally steels t ther steels, stainless steels, etc., surfacing applicatins; ideal fr buffer layers befre hardfacing. Ideal fr jining and building up f a number f cmpnents in earthmving and mining, thermal pwer, cement, sugar, general engineering industries. Typical Ultimate Tensile Strength Of Weld Metal : 65 Kgf/mm The electrdes shuld be dry. Redry if necessary at 15 C fr ne hur. Clean the weld area f all cntaminants. Use shrt arc stringer beads. Use preheat wherever necessary. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x350 4 x x350.5 x 350 Current Range LTherme-483 is a special AC / DC(+) electrde prducing a lw carbn Cr-Ni-M-Cu weld metal which resists Sulfuric acid, Phsphric acid crrsin envirnment. It is characterized by quite and stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike, finely rippled smth weld beads and gd slag detachability. Applicatins: LTherme-483 is ideally suited fr welding similar cmpsitin materials t itself and t ther grades f stainless steels. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal: ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 54 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : 34 % Welding Instructins: Welding zne must be clean and free frm residues, such as grease, paint r metal dust. Use stringer beads, shrt arc and smallest pssible size, which helps in reducing the heat input. The electrdes shuld be kept dry. In case f misture pick-up redry the electrdes at C fr ne hur. Stringer beads are welded, weaving n mre than twice the diameter f electrde cre wire. Use thinnest pssible electrde diameter. Current Cnditins: AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x350 Current Range

28 LTherme Lw-carbn, fully austenitic electrde cated as mixed type. High crrsin resistance. LTherme-485 distinguishes itself particularly by resistance t tensin cracks and pitting in media cntaining chlride ins. Like the base material this ally has remarkably high crrsin resistance against phsphric acid and exhibits very lw excavatin rates in sulphuric media. The electrde can be welded in all psitins, except vertical dwn. It has a stable arc. Easy and thrugh slag remval. The seam has a finely rippled, smth and regular structure. Applicatins : LTherme-485 electrde fr jining and surfacing f base materials f the same and f similar nature. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 54 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 31 % Welding Instructins : Welding zne must be clean and free frm residues, such as grease, paint r metal dust. Stringer beads are welded, weaving n mre than twice the diameter f electrde cre wire. Use thinnest pssible electrde diameter. Current Cnditins : AC / DC(+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

29 Electrdes fr Nickel, Nickel Allys, Mnel & Dissimilar Metals LTherme Lw heat input universal electrde fr welding nickel base allys and dissimilar metals. LTherme-510 is a special purpse, specially frmulated, hydrgen cntrlled electrde prducing high quality nickel ally depsits. The electrde is designed t perate n DC reverse plarity. Gd weld finish. Steady arc, which is easy t strike and restrike. The weld metal displays gd impact strength. Dwn t 0 minimum 5 C. Applicatins : LTherme-510 is a universal electrde designed fr welding Ni- Cr-Fe ally t itself, fr welding clad side f Ni-Cr-Fe clad steel, and fr surfacing steels with Ni-Cr-Fe ally. It may be used fr welding f dissimilar cmbinatin f high-nickel allys. LTherme -510 is als suitable fr welding f heating elements like Nichrme, etc. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 58 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 30 % Ensure that the electrdes are dry. In the event f misture pick up, dry the electrdes at 50 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area free f rust, il, grease, paint, r any ther surface cntaminatin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Wherever pssible, weld in flat psitin. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

30 LTherme N LTherme Electrdes fr reactr grade materials LTherme-510 N prducing high quality Nickel ally depsits. It perates in all cnventinal psitins. Gd weld finish, steady arc, and gd slag remve-ability. Applicatins : LTherme-510 N is designed fr jining and surfacing f Nickelbase materials. It is recmmended fr welding different materials, such as austenitic t ferrite steels, as well as fr cladding n unallyed and lw-allyed steels. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal: ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 65 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : 38 % CVN IMPACT STRENGTH HARDNESS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AT (-) 196 C Welding Instructins : : 90 Jules : 55 Jules : 170 BHN Ensure that the electrdes are dry. In case f misture pick-up, dry the electrdes at 50 C fr hurs befre use. Clean the weld area free f rust, il, grease, paint, r any ther surface cntaminatin. T ensure minimal heat input, use shrt arc and stringer bead technique Current Cnditins : Dc (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range Lw heat input electrde fr welding Ni-Cr-Fe allys and dissimilar metals. LTherme -511 is a lw heat input electrde yielding a high nickel-chrmium-irn ally depsit. The electrde is designed t perate n DC reverse plarity. It gives a steady and smth arc, which is easy t strike and restrike. The beads display a gd surface finish. The weld metal has exceptinal impact strength. Applicatins : LTherme-511 is used fr the fllwing applicatins : 1) Fr welding Ni- Cr- Fe allys : ) Fr welding dissimilar metal jints invlving carbn steels, stainless steels, nickel- base allys and pure nickel: 3) Fr surfacing steels with Ni-Cr-Fe allys. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 58 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 30 % Ensure that the electrdes are dry. In the event f misture pick up, dry the electrdes at 50 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area free f rust, il, grease, paint r any ther surface cntaminatin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Wherever pssible, weld in flat psitin. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

31 LTherme N Electrdes fr high temperature applicatins LTherme-511N is perates in all cnventinal psitins. Gd weld finish, steady arc, and gd slag remve-ability. The weld depsit is ht cracking resistant and des nt tend t embrittlement. The weld metal wrking significantly after mre than 10,000 hurs at temperature up t 850 C Applicatins : LTherme-511N is used fr jining heat resistant Ni Cr Fe allys, heat resistant austenitic steels, heat resistant austenitic ferrite materials, etc. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 67 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : 40 % CVN IMPACT STRENGTH HARDNESS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AT (-) 196 C Welding Instructins : : 9 Jules : 60 Jules : 165 BHN Ensure that the electrdes are dry. In case f misture pick-up, dry the electrdes at 50 C fr hurs befre use. Clean the weld area free f rust, il, grease, paint, r any ther surface cntaminatin. T ensure minimal heat input, use shrt arc and stringer bead technique Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme - 51 Lw heat input electrde fr high strength and crrsin resistant welds n mnel and ther Ni-Cu allys. LTherme -51 is a hydrgen cntrlled, direct current, reverse plarity, lw heat input welding electrde. Sft and steady arc, which is easy t strike and restrike. Gd weld finish. Gd slag detachability. Versatile in applicatins fr maintenance welding. Applicatins : LTherme-51 electrde cre wire and flux frmulatin are s balanced as t make it a versatile electrde fr welding f mnel t mnel, t ther Ni-Cu allys; Ni-Cu allys t themselves, Ni-Cu Allys t steels, the clad side f Ni-Cu clad steel and fr surfacing steel parts fr service against crrsin by sea water, chlrinated slvents, sulphuric acid and alkalis. Ideal fr pwer plants, chemical, fd, dairy and il refining industries. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 57 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 30 % The electrde shuld be stred dry. In case f misture pick-up, redry them t 50 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area free f surface cntaminatin f any frm. Use shrt arc and weld with stringer beads. Wherever pssible weld in flat psitin. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 x 300 Current Range

32 LTherme Lw heat input electrde depsiting practically pure nickel. LTherme-513 is a special purpse electrde, versatile in applicatins in the field f fabricatin and maintenance welding f machinery and equipment. It is meant fr use with DC reverse plarity in all cnventinal psitins. Finely rippled even weld beads. Stable arc, which is als easy t strike and restrike. Gd slag detachability. Applicatins : LTherme-513 is s designed as t depsit practically pure nickel. It is highly useful fr welding nickel in wrught and cast frms, pure nickel t themselves and fr jining nickel t steels, fr surfacing carbn and lw-ally steels. It is an ideal electrde fr building up wrn ut r missing sectins, repairing defects and cladding mild steel fr chemical, fd, dairy and il refining industries. It is als ideal fr verlays n parts used fr caustic sda service. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 43 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : % Dry the electrde at 50 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area free f any surface cntaminatin. Use DC reverse plarity, shrt arc, stringer beads. Cntrl the heat input t as lw a level as pssible by allwing the weld t cl befre depsiting subsequent passes. Wherever pssible, weld in flat psitin. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x350.5 x 350 Current Range LTherme Outstanding lw heat input electrde fr welding Ni-Cr-M allys and fr surfacing applicatins. LTherme-514 electrde is specially develped t prduce high nickel depsit cntaining carefully cntrlled quantities f chrmium, mlybdenum and tungsten. The welds are Characterised By : 1. Excellent heat resistance, strength and tughness upt abut 1000 C. High resistance t crrsin by mst types f acids r their Cmbinatins. 3. Gd thermal shck resistance. 4. Gd machinability. Applicatins : LTherme-514 is ideally suited fr welding Ni-Cr-M allys t themselves, t ther metals and fr surfacing steel with Ni-Cr-M depsit. Applicatins in this categry include valves, pumps, etc. The weld depsit wrk hardens under impact t apprx. 400 BHN. The weld metal retains hardness at elevated temperature and als pssesses resistance t repeated thermal shcks. LTherme-514 is thus highly suited fr ht wrking tls, e.g. shear blades, frging dies, ht trimming dies, heating elements, etc. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 70 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L=4d) : 8 % WORK HARDENS UNDER IMPACT TO 400 BHN Dry the electrde at 50 C fr ne hur befre use. Use lw current, shrt arc and stringer beads. Wherever pssible weld in flat psitin. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x350 4 x x x 350 Current Range Amps)

33 LTherme N Crrsin resistance electrde with high Nickel cntent LTherme-515N electrde is weldable in all psitins, except vertical dwn. Stable arc, gd slag remve-ability. The seam is finely rippled and ntch-free. It gives a fully austenitic weld metal withut ht cracks, nt prne t embrittlement either at high r lw temperatures. Applicatins : LTherme-515N is recmmended fr cld-tugh steels up t 9% Ni and wrking temperatures dwn t minus196 C, particularly where the welded jint has t underg ht defrmatin r stress relieving. Cld tugh austenitic Cr - Ni steels can als be welded with LTherme-515N. This electrde is als suitable fr jining different materials, such as austenitic t ferritic stainless steel, steels t Nickel allys and steels t Cpper allys. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 63 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : 35 % CVN IMPACT STRENGTH AT ROOM TEMPERATURE : 80 Jules AT (-) 196 C : 65 Jules Welding Instructins : Ensure that the electrdes are dry. In case f misture pick-up, dry the electrdes at 50 C fr hurs befre use. Clean the weld area free f rust, il, grease, paint, r any ther surface cntaminatin. T ensure minimal heat input, use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme N High scale resistant electrde with high Nickel cntent fr high temperature applicatins LTherme-516N has excellent welding prperties, a regular and finely rippled bead appearance due t spray arc. Very easy slag remval. The weld depsit is highly crrsin resistant, scale resistant and wrk hardening. Machinable with cutting tls. Resistance t ht cracking fr service temperature up t 1100 C. Applicatins : LTherme-516N electrde fr jining and surfacing hightemperature allys. Special applicatins are in xidizing media at high temperatures, especially fr the cnstructin f gas turbines, cmbustin chambers and ethylene prductin plants. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 73 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : 3 % CVN IMPACT STRENGTH AT ROOM TEMPERATURE Welding Instructins : : 90 Jules Ensure that the electrdes are dry. In case f misture pick-up, dry the electrdes at 50 C fr hurs befre use. Clean the weld area free f rust, il, grease, paint, r any ther surface cntaminatin. T ensure minimal heat input, use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

34 LTherme - 53 Tin-brnze electrdes with 7% tin Electrdes fr Cpper & Cpper Allys LTherme-53 is distinguished by gd welding prperties. With steady arc and lw spatter lsses it gives dense, pre-less seams. The slag is easily remved. Applicatins : LTherme-53 fr jining cpper and cpper allys, phsphrus and tin-brnzes as well as cpper-clad plates in mechanical and plant engineering and ship building. Fr surfacing n cpper and cpper allys, phsphr and tin-brnzes. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 3 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : 30 % Welding Instructins : Seam preparatin with large V angle (80-90 ). Electrde guided vertical, arc 3-4 mm. Only wrk-pieces mre than 5 mm need preheating up t C. Brnze castings must be cled slwly. Electrdes that have gt damp must be dried t 3 hurs at 150 C. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x350 Current Range

35 LTherme Tin-brnze electrdes with 7% tin LTherme-533 is distinguished by gd welding prperties. With steady arc and lw spatter lsses it gives dense, pre-less seams. The slag is easily remved. Applicatins : LTherme-533 fr jining cpper and cpper allys, phsphrus and tin-brnzes as well as cpper-clad plates in mechanical and plant engineering and ship building. Fr surfacing n cpper and cpper allys, phsphr and tin-brnzes. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 3 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : 30 % Welding Instructins : Seam preparatin with large V angle (80-90 ). Electrde guided vertical, arc 3-4 mm. Only wrk-pieces mre than 5 mm need preheating up t C. Brnze castings must be cled slwly. Electrdes that have gt damp must be dried t 3 hurs at 150 C. Current Cnditins : AC Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme Aluminium Brnze electrde fr sea water crrsin LTherme-534 pssesses utstanding welding prperties and can be used in all psitins, except vertical dwn. The weld metal displays high mechanical prperties and is tugh, pre-less and nt prne t cracking. Applicatins : LTherme-534 is used fr jining and surfacing n aluminiumbrnzes (up t 10% Al), cpper and cpper allys as well as surfacing n steel, cast steel and cast irn. It is als suitable fr welding pipe cavities in new aluminium-brnze castings. Its crrsin resistance allws it t be used n marine prpellers, acid pumps and fittings. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 46 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : 0 % Welding Instructins : Clean the weld zne thrughly. Wall thickness in excess f 5 mm must be grved ut with a 90 V. Bigger wrk-pieces are preheated t abut C. T avid verheating, guide the electrde vertically at high welding speed. Use nly dry electrdes. Electrdes that have gt damp must be dried t 3 hurs at 150 C. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x350.5 x 350 Current Range

36 LTherme Cmplex aluminium-brnze electrde with high mechanical prperties and sea water resistant LTherme-535 pssesses utstanding welding prperties and can be used in all psitins, except vertical dwn. The weld metal displays high mechanical prperties and is tugh, pre-less and nt prne t cracking. Applicatins : LTherme-535 is used fr jining and surfacing n cmplex aluminium-brnzes, especially thse with high Mn, as well as steel and grey cast irn. It is als eminently suited fr shipbuilding (marine prpellers, pumps and fittings) and in the chemical industry (valves, pumps) where chemical attach is accmpanied by ersin. Its favrable cefficient f frictin makes it ideal fr surfacing n shafts, sliding surfaces, bearings, punches and dies f all kinds. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 66 Kgf/mm ELONGATION (L = 4d) : 5 % Welding Instructins : Clean the weld zne thrughly. Wall thickness in excess f 5 mm must be grved ut with a 90 V. Bigger wrk-pieces are preheated t abut C. T avid verheating, guide the electrde vertically at high welding speed. Use nly dry electrdes. Electrdes that have gt damp must be dried t 3 hurs at 150 C. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range Electrdes fr Surfacing, Overlay & Hardfacing Applicatins 69 71

37 7 HARDFACING OF MATERIALS The cmpnents in service are subjected t different types f wear namely frictin, abrasin, impact, etc., which cause the material wear and render them unsuitable fr service. The cmpnents are nrmally hardfaced by depsiting a suitable weld metal, which will resist the type f wear encuntered in service. It is needless t emphasize here that depending n the type f wear, the weld metal will have t be selected. Let us cnsider the hardfacing f varius materials t resist different types f wear. The frictinal wear which is encuntered in rllers, drives, bearings, gears, etc., is due t the mvement f the metallic surface ver the ther. The resistance t this type f wear can be achieved by hardfacing the cmpnent with a weld metal with LTherme-601. This weld metal will be an air hardening type and the hardness will be in the range f 50 t 350 VPN. This weld metal will have cnsiderable tughness als and resist impact frces, which ccur in service. The use f LTherme-603 can be made fr applicatins, which invlve abrasin and heavy impact. T resist heavy abrasin, the chrmium carbide type weld metals are preferred. LTherme-604, LTherme-611 are ideal weld metals suited fr resisting heavy abrasin. The weld metals f LTherme-605 and LTherme-613 are suited fr resisting heavy abrasin in cmbinatin with high temperature. The typical service cnditins in which these weld metals are suitable are indicated in the individual literature. In hardfacing, it is necessary t understand the phenmena that ccur during welding knwn as dilutin. DILUTION Dilutin is defined as the percentage f base material in the weld metal. When a weld metal is depsited n the base material, it mingles with the base material and the resultant weld metal is f an intermediate cmpsitin. In all maintenance welding applicatins the dilutin effect shuld be taken int cnsideratin. Nrmally in manual metal arc welding this dilutin can be expected t be arund 30 % which means, the depsited weld metal will have 70 % f weld metal and 30 % f base material. FOR EXAMPLE IF WE CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING : Base material : A1 + B1 + C1 + etc. Weld metal : A + B + C+ etc. Where A, B, C are different elements Resultant depsited weld metal : Fr A : (0.7A + 0.3A1) B : (0.7B + 0.3B1) and s n. The practical cnsequence f this dilutin effect can be bserved as fllws : 1) When a hardfacing depsit is made n mild steel, the first layer may get diluted with the base material and there fre may nt give the required hardness in the first layer. ) When depsiting a hardfacing depsit (which is nrmally air hardening and has higher hardenability) n a high carbn material, the weld metal can pick up carbn frm the base material, and n slidificatin the weld metal may crack because f the frmatin f brittle structures. In such cases, it is preferred t have a ductile weld metal depsitin, which can, even with the carbn pickup frm the base material, retain sufficient ductility t prduce crack free weld metal. These are knwn as buffer layer r cushining layers. Hardfacing f austenitic manganese steel is ne f the cmmnly practised maintenance welding jbs in industries like, cement plants, thermal pwer plants, mining and earthmving industries. 73

38 HARDFACING OF AUSTENITIC MANGANESE STEELS These steels als knwn as ' Hadfield steels' find wide range f applicatins in cement units. These steels cntain abut % Mn and because f the presence f this element, these steels are rendered austenitic in structure at rm temperature. These steels have the prperty f wrk hardening and therefre are used fr services where impact lads are invlved. Sme f the cmpnents f austenitic manganese steels are crusher jaws, crusher rlls, crusher hammers, etc. When these austenitic manganese steels are heated, because f the precipitatin f carbides n the grain bundaries, the steel gets embrittled. Therefre, it is essential that during welding, the heat input is restricted t the minimum. In general, it is nt recmmended t heat this material t abve 310 C (and during welding the interpass temperature shuld never be mre then 100 C ). It is advisable t keep a prtin f the casting immersed in water during welding s that the heat is dissipated fast and precipitatin f brittle phases is avided. Since these types f steels will nt be subjected t any further heat treatment after welding, care shuld be exercised t see that the prperties f the base material are nt hampered because f welding. Reclamatin f austenitic manganese steel cmpnent calls fr detailed welding prcedures and use f apprpriate welding electrdes s that best service life can be btained. Nrmally, the build-up can be dne using LTherme-607. Hwever, n wrk hardened surfaces it is preferable t have a single layer depsitin f LTherme-610. After sufficient build-up using LTherme-607 the tp tw layers shuld be made with LTherme-603/604/605 depending n the type f wear t which this cmpnent will be subjected t in service. The depsitin f the air hardening depsit will help in reducing the initial wear f the cmpnents. By the time air hardened layers wear ut, the austenitic manganese steel depsit belw, wuld have wrk hardened and resist wear subsequently. As detailed earlier, while hardfacing austenitic manganese steels, care shuld be taken t restrict the heat input t a minimum and verheating f the casting shuld be avided by using: 1) The minimum pssible current and the lwest pssible size f the electrde. ) Keeping the cmpnent immersed in water and maintaining a lw interpass temperature in such a way that the cmpnent is warm t tuch. 3) Using small stringer beads and adpting intermittent and sequential welding techniques. Apart frm this, a number f hardfacing applicatins are encuntered in varius industries. By analyzing the service and the hardness requirements f the actual jb, ne can select the apprpriate electrde

39 LTherme LTherme C-Cr-W-ally surfacing resisting heat and wear Lw heat input electrde fr machinable verlays n all ferrus metals 76 LTherme-600 welds well in the hrizntal psitin. Sft arc, smth seam surface. It still retains great hardness at high temperatures, even at red heat, and recvers its riginal hardness after cling. Applicatins : LTherme-600 is the hardest f the cbalt-cntaining allys and is used mainly fr severe frictin wear, ersin and crrsin. It is very resistant t sliding stressing metal-t-metal, and is therefre recmmended fr pump bushes, screw cnveyrs, wear rings, guide rails, cutters, rlls and wire guide pulleys. Weld Metal Hardness : AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AT 600 C Welding Instructins : : 5-57 RC : 4 RC Clean the weld zne f rust, scale and grease. Bigger wrk pieces are preheated t abut 300 C. Keep the amperage as lw as pssible, s as t fuse the parent metal as little as pssible. Guide the electrde vertically, keeping the arc shrt. Weave nly slightly. Cl slwly in an ven r under asbests. Machinable nly by grinding. Current Cnditins : AC / DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range Available in Filler Rd frm als. LTherme-601 is characterized by a sft and stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike, smth, crack free welds, gd slag detachability. The depsited weld metal has a high degree f tughness, excellent resistance t rlling and sliding frictin and heavy impact lads. Applicatins : LTherme-601 is a versatile electrde fr hardfacing, verlay and inlay applicatins n all ferrus metals, cmpnents, machine parts requiring mderate hardness in cmbinatin with gd machinability, such as tractr sprckets, gears, shafts, axles, pinin teeth, cncrete and pan mixer blades, rpeway and tram car rails, and wheels, pints and crssing, crane wheels, rpeway trlley wheels. Weld Metal Hardness : BHN Clean the weld area. Use lw current and a shrt arc length. Avid weaving f the electrde. While surfacing n medium and high carbn steels, use LTherme-35 fr buffer layers in rder t avid chances f cracking. Fr surfacing n heavy sectins and materials high in carbn, pre-heating f the part may be necessary. Current Cnditins : AC/DC(+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

40 LTherme - 60 AC-DC, Lw heat input electrde fr mderately hard depsit n ferrus metals Grear Teeth built up with LTherme LTherme-60 is characterised by a stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike, gd slag detachability and weld beads f fine appearance. It perates equally well n AC as well as DC in all cnventinal psitins. Applicatins : LTherme-60 is ideally suited fr a number f applicatins, which demand gd abrasin resistance, cmbined with fairly high degree f tughness. It can be used n mild steel, carbn steel, lw ally steels, etc., where hardness f BHN is required. Sme f the typical applicatins include gears, shafts, crane wheels, brake shes, frging dies, drive sprckets, cnveyr parts, cld punching dies, rail ends, lg wheels, plughshares, wbblers, etc. Weld Metal Hardness : BHN. The electrde shuld be stred dry. In case f misture pick-up, ready at 150 C fr ne hur befre use. Use lw current and shrt arc. Avid excessive weaving. Fr base materials with carbn cntent f 0.3% and abve, use buffer layers with LTherme-35 befre surfacing. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

41 LTherme AC-DC, Lw heat input versatile electrde fr hard surfacing f widely varying machine parts and cmpnents. 80 LTherme-603 a hard surfacing electrde, perates well in all cnventinal psitins. The depsited weld metal has exceptinal abrasin and wear resistance in cmbinatin with resistance t heavy impact. Evenly rippled, prsity free weld depsits permit heavy build-up withut danger f cracking. In mst cases LTherme-603 can be used direct n the jb withut the necessity f depsiting buffer layers. Applicatins : LTherme-603 cre wire and flux frmulatin are s chsen as t make the electrde versatile in terms f surfacing applicatins n a large variety f machine parts, equipment, etc. Typical applicatins include surfacing chipper knives, cnveyr bucket lips, shear blades, shvels dredger and elevatr bucket lips rck crushers, rck drills, tractr grusers and paddlers. In crushing applicatins, LTherme-603 is recmmended as the final layer n 14 % manganese weld depsit t reduce the initial wear. Weld Metal Hardness : 5-6 RC Ensure that the electrdes are perfectly dry befre use. In case f misture pick-up, redry the electrdes at 00 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area free f any surface cntaminatin. Use AC r DC(+). Hld a shrt arc length and weld with stringer beads. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x 350 Current Range Hammer welding using LTherme-607 & LTherme

42 8 LTherme R Rutile cated electrde fr wear resistant surfacing n cld and ht wrking tls LTherme-603R has excellent welding prperties, a hmgeneus, finely rippled bead appearance due t the spray arc and very easy slag remval. This electrde is weldable with very lw amperage settings (advantage fr edge buildup). Applicatins : LTherme-603R is used fr wear resistant buildups n cld and ht wrking tls, particularly fr cutting edges n ht cutting tls, ht-shear blades, trimming tls and cld cutting knives. The prductin f new cutting tls by welding n nn-ally r lw-ally base materials is als pssible. Weld Metal Hardness : RC Welding Instructins : Preheat high-ally tl steels t C and maintain this temperature during the whle welding prcess. Hld electrde vertically with a shrt arc and lwest pssible amperage setting. Machining nly by grinding. Re-dry electrdes that have gt damp fr hurs at 300 C. Current Cnditins : AC / DC (±) Size (mm) 5 x x x350.5 x 350 Current Range LTherme Unique lw heat electrde fr verlays n machine parts and cmpnents subject t high abrasin and mderate impact. LTherme-604 yields hard and tugh depsits, which have excellent resistance t abrasin in cmbinatin with high frictin, mderate impact. Applicatins : LTherme-604 is ideally suited fr surfacing machine parts subject t high stress grinding abrasin as als gruping abrasin n carbn steels, manganese steels, malleable irn and air hardenable ally steels. Typical applicatins fr abrasin resistance include excavatr teeth, plughshares, cultivatrs, impellers, excavatr buckets, bucket teeth, cams, fan blades, exhaust blades, scraper bars, dredger buckets and il expeller wrms. LTherme-604 is als well suited fr cal crushing applicatins such as mill hammers, pulverizers and cement grinder rings. Weld Metal Hardness : 56-6 RC Redry the electrdes at 50 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area. Use shrt arc and avid weaving f the electrde. While surfacing medium and high carbn steels use LTherme- 35 fr buffer layers t avid chances f cracking. D nt use mre than tw layers f LTherme-604 at a time. Fr a heavy build-up, depsit tw layers f LTherme-604, then a cushin layer f LTherme-35 r LTherme 6O7 fllwed by tw layers f LTherme-604 and s n. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x350.5x350 Current Range

43 Dzer Blade hardfacing with LTherme LTherme Lw heat input hard surfacing electrde prducing weld with exceptinally high resistance t abrasin at rm temperature as well as at elevated temperatures. LTherme-605 is specially designed fr hardfacing applicatins n machine parts subject t severe ersin, abrasin and mderate impact. Applicatins : LTherme-605 is ideally suited fr surfacing applicatins where resistance t ersin, heavy abrasin with mderate impact, specially at elevated temperatures are imprtant factrs. The weld metal retains hardness up t 550 C and resists scaling up t 1000 C. Typical applicatins include : press screws, cnveyr screws, dredger, bucket teeth and lips, tube mill and rlling mill guides, wire straightening rlls, agricultural machinery, bring tls, pug mill knife. Weld Metal Hardness : 58-6 HRC. Redry the electrdes at 50 C fr an hur befre use. Clean the weld area. Allw each bead t cl dwn befre depsiting subsequent beads. While surfacing medium and high carbn steels use LTherme-35 fr buffer layers t avid chances f cracking. D nt use mre then tw layers f LTherme -605 at a time. Fr heavy build-up alternate LTherme-35 r LTherme- 607 with tw layer depsits f LTherme-605. Current Cnditins : AC/DC(+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

44 LTherme- 606 LTherme C-Cr-W-ally hardfacing resisting impact and wear LTherme-606 welds well in the hrizntal psitin. Sft arc, smth seam surface. High resistance t impact, crrsin and hardness at elevated temperature under alternating temperatures stressing. Applicatins : LTherme-606 is used primarily n wrk-pieces expsed t high alternating temperatures and crrsin. Specific applicatins: valves and valve seats, sealing surfaces, ht shear blades, ht pressing tls, frging de-burrers, wire mill rlls and beaters fr cke cmbustin. Weld Metal Hardness : AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AT 600 C Welding Instructins : : RC : 33 RC Clean the weld zne f rust, scale and grease. Bigger wrk pieces are preheated t abut 300 C. Keep the amperage as lw as pssible, s as t fuse the parent metal as little as pssible. Guide the electrde vertically, keeping the arc shrt. Weave nly slightly. Cl slwly in an ven r under asbests. Machinable with tungsten carbide tls. Current Cnditins : AC / DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x350 Current Range Filler Wire Available. Versatile lw heat input welding and surfacing electrde prducing a weld metal highly resistant t cracking, heavy impact, metal-t metal wear and defrmatin. LTherme-607 is characterised by excellent perfrmance in all cnventinal psitins, sft and stable arc which is easy t strike and restrike, gd slag detachability and well rippled, unifrm weld beads. The electrde prduces a unique weld metal chemistry and set f physical and mechanical prperties which are highly favrable fr btaining crack free weld depsits having utstanding resistance t heavy impact, metal-t-metal wear and plastic defrmatin. Applicatins : LTherme-607 is ideally suited fr use n austenitic manganese steels. Typical applicatins include surfacing and building up f brken r wrn ut manganese steel parts such as jaw and rll crushers, crusher hammers, excavatr bucket teeth and lips, dredger buckets, dipper teeth, rail rad trucks, frgs and switches and similar machine parts and cmpnents subject t heavy impact and high stresses. Weld Metal Hardness : BHN (As welded) HRC (Wrk hardens under impact ) Dry electrdes at 50 C fr ne hur. Clean the weld area. Use lw current, shrt arc, shrt and stringer beads. Fr jining r resurfacing f austenitic manganese steel, ensure that the interpass temperature dse nt exceed 100 C. Current Cnditins : AC / DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

45 Hardfacing Mn steel tth pints with LTherme-607 & LTherme-604 Reclamatin f Mn Steel tth pints with LTherme-607 & LTherme LTherme Versatile lw heat input electrde fr hardfacing and verlay applicatins n high speed steels and tl steels. LTherme-608 is a versatile electrde fr surfacing, inlay, verlay and hardfacing f a variety f machine tls and cmpnents fr prlnged service life. The weld depsits are highly resistant t wear and retain hardness and tughness up t 600 C. This special feature enables the weld metal t retain its cutting edge and hardness even at elevated temperatures. Use f LTherme- 468 may be necessary as buffer layer n tl steels. Applicatins : LTherme-608 has been specially designed fr surfacing cutting tls, dies, punches, bamb chipper knives, paper cutting knives, shearing blades, bring tls, and large number f ther machine tls requiring high speed steel type depsit f apprpriate hardness. Weld Metal Hardness : RC Keep the electrdes dry. In case f misture pick-up, redry at 50 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area free f any surface-cntaminatin. Pre- heating f hardenable steels, cmplicated parts and heavy sectins at C may be necessary depending upn the size and type f the jb. Current Cnditins : AC / DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

46 LTherme An utstanding, lw heat input electrde fr hardfacing and applying buffer and cushin layers n a wide variety f austenitic manganese steel cmpnents. 90 LTherme-610 yields a weld metal, which has high tughness and abrasin resistance in cmbinatin with excellent resistance t defrmatin and cracking. Ideally suited fr depsiting buffer layers n hard austenitic manganese steel surface. Applicatins : LTherme-610 is ideally suited fr hardfacing, verlay, buffer, and cushin layer applicatins n a variety f cmpnents n mild steel, carbn steel, lw ally steel and austenitic manganese steel. Typical applicatins include surfacing mining machinery, dredging equipment, excavatr parts, mill hammers, cement mill air rings, crusher hammers, rll crusher, muller tyres, shvel tracks, cal mining cutters, tractr grusers, dipper teeth, sand pump impellers, value seats, etc. Weld Metal Hardness : BHN (As welded) Wrk hardens under impact t : BHN Fr best results, dry electrdes at 50 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean weld surface thrughly free f any surface cntaminatin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x350.5 x 350 Current Range Buffer layers n wrk hardened Manganese steels : Recmmended electrde LTherme

47 LTherme LTherme - 61 Lw heat input, versatile, hardfacing electrde having excellent resistance t abrasin accmpanied by mild impact. C-Cr-W ally hardfacing resisting heat, crrsin and wear. 9 LTherme-611 is a versatile lw heat input electrde prducing a weld metal having exceptinal resistance t heavy abrasin and metal-t-metal wear in cmbinatin with high cmpressive lad and mderate impact even at temperatures up t 500 C. Sft and stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike, easily detachable slag and smth, regular weld bead are sme f the pleasant features assciated with the electrde. Applicatins : LTherme-611 is ideally suited fr hardfacing parts and cmpnents subject t heavy abrasin, ersin, metal-t-metal wear and mderately heavy impact. Typical applicatins include air rings, cnveyr screws, dredger buckets, shvels, impellers, mill hammers, mixer blades, muller plughs, dipper teeth, I.D. fans, etc. in steel mills, cnstructin and earth mving machinery, pwer plants and cement industry. Weld Metal Hardness : RC Ready electrde at 50 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean weld surface free f all surface cntaminatin.use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme-61 welds well in the hrizntal psitin. Sft arc, smth seam surface. Very high resistance t cmbined abrasin and impact stressing under high temperatures. Crrsinresistant. Applicatins : LTherme-61 is given preference where crrsin, abrasin and impact stressing are impsed simultaneusly. Typical specific applicatins are cutters and tls fr prcessing plastics, wd and paper, as well as highly stressed sealing and sliding surfaces. Weld Metal Hardness : AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AT 600 C Welding Instructins : : RC : 40 RC Clean the weld zne f rust, scale and grease. Bigger wrk pieces are preheated t abut 300 C. Keep the amperage as lw as pssible, s as t fuse the parent metal as little as pssible. Guide the electrde vertically, keeping the arc shrt. Weave nly slightly. Cl slwly in an ven r under asbests. Machinable by grinding. Current Cnditins : AC / DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

48 LTherme LTherme An utstanding lw heat input, hardfacing electrde having excellent resistance t abrasin, metal-t-metal wear at ambient as well as at high temperatures and gd crrsin resistance. Lw heat input, hardfacing electrde having excellent resistance t abrasin. 94 LTherme-613 yields weld depsits, which have excellent resistance t abrasin and metal-t-metal wear in cmbinatin with gd resistance t crrsin. The weld depsits pssess hardness f RC. Hardness is retained up t 550 C.A sft and stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike, gd slag detachability and smth weld prfile are sme f the many pleasing features assciated with LTherme-613. Applicatins : Where cnditins are highly abrasive and als crrsive e.g. flue gases, slurries, etc., LTherme-613 is the mst apprpriate electrde. The capacity t retain hardness at high temperatures, and excellent resistance t abrasin make LTherme-613 ideally suited fr surfacing blast furnace bells and hppers, cnveyr screws, cke, chutes, steel mill grinders, pump impellers, valves, etc. Weld Metal Hardness : RC Fr best result, bake the electrdes at 00 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean weld surface thrughly free f all surface cntaminatin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x 350 Current Range A versatile electrde prducing a weld metal having exceptinal resistance t wear frm cmbined abrasin, ersin and mderate impact. Sft and stable arc which is easy t strike and restrike. Electrde depsits high rate f weld metal with little slag. Thick single pass depsits give high yield. Applicatins : LTherme-617 is ideally suited fr hardfacing machine parts and cmpnents subject t cmbinatin f heavy abrasin, ersin, metal-t-metal wear and mderate impact. Typical applicatins include surfacing carbn steels, austenitic manganese steels like drag line buckets, scraper blades, crushing blades, crushing hammers, cnveyr chains, etc. Weld Metal Hardness : RC Remve all damaged and fatigued metal befre depsitin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. One pass verlay is nrmally recmmended. If mre build-up is required, use cushin layer f LTherme-468 fr steels, LTherme-457 fr 14% manganese steels. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (-) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

49 96 LTherme Lw heat input hardfacing electrde having utstanding abrasin resistance at high temperatures. Specially frmulated t retain abrasin resistance upt C. Excellent resistance t wear due t high temperature Abrasin. Sft and stable arc which is easy t strike and restrike. Easy handling with rapid depsitin rate. Thick single pass depsits give extra high yield. Applicatins : LTherme-618 is a specially designed fr hardfacing carbn steel and austenitic manganese steels fr applicatins encuntering abrasin and ersin at elevated temperatures. The typical applicatins include clinker cnveyr chains, sinter handling equipment, cke pusher shes, augers, slurry pumps, billet cnveyr guide, ht slag cnveyrs, etc. Weld Metal Hardness : RC Remve all damaged and fatigued metal and clean weld area. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Fr high carbn steels, 0 hardfacing use preheat upt 75 C. Use LTherme-468 as a buffer layer if mre build-up is required. Fr austenitic manganese steels d nt allw temperature f parts t rise mre 0 then 150 C and use LTherme-457 as a cushin layer. Slw cl after welding. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (-) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme Lw heat input hardfacing electrde fr recnditining f wrnut MM steel and gr.90a pints and crssings fr use in high traffic density rutes. LTherme-619 has been frmulated t prduce strng, tugh, easy wrk hardening and highly abrasin resistible austenitic 16Cr-16Mn-Ni weld metal. The electrde pssesses pleasing perating characteristics and prduces smth, well-rippled weld beads. Applicatins : LTherme-619 is ideally suited fr welding high manganese steel such as rail crssings, Bulletprf steel plates, Crushing blades, Crushing hammers etc. Weld Metal Hardness : Welding Instructins : BHN (As welded) 4-45 RC (After wrk hardened) Keep the electrde dry. In case f misture pick up, they shuld 0 be rebaked at 50 C fr min. ne hur. Clean the weld area thrughly free f any freign matter, Use lw current, shrt arc and stringer beads, Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5.3X350 4X X350.5X350 Current Range

50 LTherme S Spray electrde fr rughening the cast-irn press-rlls in the SUGAR industry. LTherme-618 S has an aggressive spray type arc with excellent penetratin t allw applicatin while the mill is in peratin. By attaching the earth clamp t the gearbx husing, arcing in the bearing area is avided. It has been develped t resist the extreme lad prduced during crushing. The depsit is highly abrasin-resistant and als crrsin-resistant. Applicatins : The applicatin f LTherme-618 S electrde n sugar mill rllers imprves the grip n the cane, increases the quantity f sugar care crushed and, cnsequently, results in a higher sugar prductin. Weld Metal Hardness : ON CARBON STEEL : 60 RC ON CAST IRON : 64 RC Welding Instructins : Hld electrde vertical t wrk piece. Keep stable arc n mving rll fr full spraying effect. Current Cnditins : AC / DC (±) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

51 LTherme - 61 Electrdes prduces cbalt base weld metal LTherme-61 has excellent welding prperties and a hmgeneus, finely rippled bead due t spray arc. Very easy slag remval. Applicatins : LTherme-61 is used fr crack resistant hardfacing n parts subject t a cmbinatin f impact, pressure, abrasin, crrsin and high temperatures up t 900 C, such as running and sealing faces n gas, water, steam and acid fittings and pumps, valve seats and cnes fr cmbustin engines, wrking parts in gas and pwer plants, ht wrking tls with changing thermal lad. Excellent gliding characteristics, gd plishability and tughness, highly wrk hardening nnmagnetic, machinable with cutting tls. Weld Metal Hardness : AT ROOM TEMPERATURE : 30-3 RC AT 600 C : 40 BHN WORK HARDENED : UP TO 45 RC Welding Instructins : Ensure that the electrdes are dry. In case f misture pick-up, dry the electrdes at 300 C fr hurs befre use. Clean weld area and preheat the base material. Hld electrde vertically and with a shrt arc and lwest pssible amperage. Ensure slw cling. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme - 65 Lw heat input hardfacing electrde fr recnditining f wrnut MM steel and gr.90a pints and crssings fr use in high traffic density 35 GMT rutes electrde. LTherme-65 is characterized by prducing easy wrk hardening and highly wear resistible austenitic 18%Cr- 1%Mn- 3% Ni weld metal. The electrde pssesses pleasing perating characteristics and prduces smth, well-rippled weld beads. Applicatins : LTherme-65 is ideally suited fr welding high manganese steel such as rail crssings and pints, jaw and rll crushers, crusher hammers, crushing blades, etc. Weld Metal Hardness : BHN (As welded) BHN (After wrk hardening) Keep the electrde dry. In case f misture pick up, they shuld 0 be rebaked at 50 C fr ne hur. Clean the weld area thrughly free f any freign matter, Use lw current, shrt arc and stringer beads, Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 6.3X350 5X350 4X X350 Current Range

52 LTherme - 67 A special lw heat input hardfacing electrde. LTherme - 68 Lw heat input electrdes depsiting air hardening weld metal fr hardfacing. LTherme-67 is a specially frmulated lw heat input hardfacing electrde fr the reclamatin f rlls, crane wheels, etc. The electrde has pleasing perating characteristics. The weld metal has excellent resistance t heat and rlling frictin and resistance t wear at elevated temperatures. The weld depsit is machinable fr smth finish. Applicatins : The weld metal is ideally suited fr the reclamatin f steel mill rlls and ther similar applicatins invlving rll frictin and elevated temperature wear. Weld Metal Hardness : BHN Keep the electrde dry. In case f misture pick-up, redry at 0 50 C fr an hur befre use. Clean the weld area free f any surface cntaminatin. Use shrt arc and stringer bead technique. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme-68 is a lw heat input electrde specially designed fr hardfacing and build-up f wrn ut machine parts and cmpnents. Welds are highly resistance t abrasive wear and pssesses mderate tughness. It can be used in all cnventinal psitins. Sft and stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike, well rippled smth weld beads and gd slag detachability are the special perating characteristics. Applicatins : LTherme-69 is versatility f applicatins in areas f building-up wrn ut parts and hardfacing. It can be use directly n the jb withut the necessity f putting a buffer layer. Sme f the typical applicatins include surfacing / rebuilding f shafts, chain sheaves, dies, shares, sprckets, rail ends & crssings, pulleys, idler wheels. Weld Metal Hardness : BHN Keep the electrdes dry. Fr best results, redry the electrdes at C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area thrughly free f any freign matter. Use lw current, shrt arc and stringer beads. Current Cnditins : AC / DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

53 LTherme - 69 Lw heat input electrdes fr versatile hardfacing applicatins. LTherme-69 is a lw heat input electrde specially designed fr hardfacing and build-up f wrn ut machine parts and cmpnents fr maximum service life. Welds are highly resistance t abrasin, heavy impact, r a cmbinatin f bth. It can be used in all cnventinal psitins. Sft and stable arc, which is easy t strike and restrike, well rippled smth weld beads and gd slag detachability are the special perating characteristics. Applicatins : LTherme-69 is versatility f applicatins in areas f building-up wrn ut parts and hardfacing. It can be use directly n the jb withut the necessity f putting a buffer layer. Sme f the typical applicatins include surfacing / rebuilding f cane cutting knives, crusher hammers, jaws, rllers, rck drill, tractr grusers, shear blades, clutch plates, dipper teeth, spindles. Weld Metal Hardness : RC Keep the electrdes dry. Fr best results, redry the electrdes at C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the weld area thrughly free f any freign matter. Use lw current, shrt arc and stringer beads. Current Cnditins : AC / DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme P High Heat & Tempering Resistant Ally fr Surfacing LTherme-650P has excellent welding prperties, a hmgeneus, finely rippled seam and a self-lifting slag. Applicatins : LTherme-650P is suited fr heat resistant buildups n ht wrking steels particularly expsed t metallic gliding wear and elevated shck stress, such as die cast mlds fr brass, aluminum and magnesium, ht piercing plugs, ht pressed mandrills, trimming tls, ht shear blades, extruding tls, frging dies and ht flw pressing tls fr steel. Due t the excellent metalt-metal gliding prperties, als suitable fr buildups n guiding and gliding surfaces. Tempering resistant up t 650 C, scale resisting up t 900 C. Weld Metal Hardness : AS WELDED : 48-5 RC ANNEALED AT C : 35 RC HARDENED AT C : 48-5 RC TEMPERED AT 700 C : 40 RC Welding Instructins : Clean welding area t metallic bright. Preheating temperature depends n the welding applicatin ( C). On lw-ally steels at least 3-4 layers shuld be applied. Current Cnditins : AC / DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

54 LTherme G Electrde fr high temperature resistant surfacing f ht wrk steels expsed t cmpressin and abrasin LTherme-660G electrde welds well in the hrizntal and slightly rising psitins. The weld pl is easy t cntrl and the slag is easily remved. Applicatins : On the strength f its great hardness, tughness and hightemperature resistance, LTherme-660G is emplyed fr surfacing n machine cmpnents and tls expsed t abrasin and cmpressin with mderate impact lads and perating temperatures up 500 C. These include dead centers, tns, slideand guide ways, ht and cld cut-ff attachments, valves, slides, ht shear blades, extrusin press pistns, dies, strippers, deburrers, sheet punching tls. It is als used t gd advantage fr the ecnmic manufacture f cld and ht wrking tls. In such cases steel with a tensile strength abve 1100 N/mm is used as parent metal fr the tl. Weld Metal Hardness : RC Welding Instructins : Preheat the wrk piece t C. Guide the electrde as vertically as pssible, with medium-lng arc. Let the wrk piece cl slwly under asbests. Finish by grinding. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme G3 Electrde fr high temperature resistant surfacing n ht wrk steels expsed t impact, cmpressin and abrasin LTherme-660G3 electrde welds well in the hrizntal and slightly rising psitins. The weld pl is easy t cntrl and the slag is easily remved. Applicatins : On accunt f its high tensile strength, tughness and hightemperature resistance, LTherme-660G3 is emplyed fr surfacing n machine cmpnents and tls expsed t impact, cmpressin and abrasin at perating temperatures up t 550 C, such as cutting edges fr cld and ht shear blades, guilltine shears, dies, swages, hammers etc. It is als used t gd advantage fr the ecnmic manufacture f cld and ht wrking tls. In such cases the carrier steel must have a tensile strength f mre than 1000 N/mm. Weld Metal Hardness : 48 RC Welding Instructins : Preheat the wrk piece t C. Guide the electrde as vertically as pssible, with medium-lng arc. Let the wrk piece cl slwly under asbests. Finish by grinding. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

55 LTherme G4 Electrde fr high temperature resistant surfacing expsed t cmpressin and abrasin LTherme-660G4 electrde welds well in the hrizntal and slightly rising psitins. The weld pl is easy t cntrl and the slag is easily remved. Applicatins : On the strength f its tughness and high-temperature resistance, LTherme-660G4 is emplyed fr surfacing n machine cmpnents expsed t impact, cmpressin and abrasin at perating temperatures up t 550 C. Accrdingly LTherme-660G4 is particularly suited fr building-up dies. It can als be used t gd effect fr surfacing rllers, drive clverleaves, ht shear blades, etc. It is als emplyed fr the ecnmic manufacture f these wrk pieces. As parent metal carrier steel with tensile strength in excess f 1000 N/mm is recmmended. Weld Metal Hardness : 40 RC Welding Instructins : Preheat the wrk piece t C. Guide the electrde as vertically as pssible, with medium-lng arc. Let the wrk piece cl slwly under asbests. Subsequent machining with tungsten carbide r grinding. Current Cnditins : DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x350.5 x 350 Current Range Electrdes fr Cast Irns t Themselves / Other Metals

56 CAST IRONS Next t carbn steels the cast irns frm an imprtant grup f materials. Cast irns are irn carbn allys, which have carbn mre then 1.7%. The effect f higher carbn was detailed earlier. The cast irns are highly brittle and their ductility is very less. Hwever, because f their shck resistance, heat resistance and crrsin resistance in certain media, they are used fr many applicatins. Cast irns have pr weldability. This is due t : 1) The frmatin f high carbn martensite in the HAZ during welding which embrittles the material and causes cracking. ) Ductility f the material is s less that it is nt able t withstand the shrinkage stresses that ccur during welding because f which cracks appear. Hwever, many f the cast irns can be welded taking due precautins like pre-heating, pst heating, slw cling, etc. Fr welding f cast irns, LTherme range ffers : LTherme-701 : Nn- machinable depsit. LTherme-70 : Mnel type, machinable weld metal. LTherme-703 : Fe-Ni type, machinable type. LTherme-704 & LTherme-705 : Ni type, machinable weld metal Apart frm the selectin f electrde the mst imprtant aspect in prducing sund welds in cast irns is the welding prcedure that is t be adpted. The varius steps in welding cast irns are given belw : 1. Grind the area t be welded s that the casting skin is remved.. Clean the area free f all cntaminants. 3. If a crack has t be repaired, drill crack arrestr hles at the end f the cracks 4. Depsit welds in small lengths f 50 mm at a time. 5. Peen the welds. 6. After welding allw the casting t cl slwly by cvering with suitable insulating material

57 LTherme Highly ecnmical electrde fr nn-machinable welding n cast irns t carbn, lw ally steels. LTherme - 70 A lw heat input, lw cst, Ni-Cu ally type electrde fr machinable welding f cast irn. The special flux frmulatin f LTherme-701 electrde prduces a weld metal f high strength. It is ideally suited fr welding, where machinability f the welds is nt essential. LTherme-701 is als suitable fr welding difficult steels high in carbn and sulphur. The welds display gd abrasin resistance. Applicatins : LTherme-701 is highly suited repair & maintenance fr welding f cast irn, cast steel machine parts, equipments, etc. Fr repair f defective castings in steel fundry. Where repair welding f rusty, dirty r greasy castings are invlved, LTherme-701 is the apprpriate electrde. Dry the electrde at 50 C fr ne hur befre use. Use lw current, shrt weld runs fllwed by peening. Current Cnditins : AC /DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range LTherme-70 is a nickel-cpper ally electrde fr lw heat input welding f cast irn withut preheating. The welds are sund, strng and easily machinable. The electrde displays a sft and steady arc, which is easy t strike and restrike and ability t perate n lw currents. Applicatins : LTherme-70 is suited fr jining f brken cast irn parts, repairing defects in cast irn fundry and repairs f fractured irn parts in all welding psitins. Typical applicatins include rebuilding f wrn ut surface, gear teeth, pump impellers, etc. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 34 Kgf/mm HARDNESS : 160 BHN Dry the electrde at 150 C fr ne hur befre use. Clean the base material thrughly free f any surface cntaminatin. Use shrt weld runs fllwed by peening. In case f repair welding n castings, remve entire defective prtin t sund metal prir t welding. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

58 114 LTherme Lw heat input electrde fr high strength machinable welding and verlays n grey and ally cast irn LTherme-703 prduces high strength, machinable welds and verlays n grey and ally cast irns. A stable arc and evenly rippled, smth beads are sme f the many pleasant features f the electrde. Applicatins : LTherme-703 is used fr : 1. Welding grey cast irn, malleable irn and S.G. irn ;. Welding cast irn t steel and t nickel allys and ; 3. Repair welds and rectificatin f defects in castings. Typical applicatins include engine heads, pump castings, impellers, rpe drums, ingt mulds and a variety f cast irn machine parts. Due t the high strength and ductility, LTherme- 703 is ideal fr welding heavy and highly stressed cast irn sectins. Typical Mechanical Prperties Of All Weld Metal : ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH : 43 Kgf/mm HARDNESS : 190 BHN Fr jining bevel the edges t in single r duble 'Vee' grve accrding t thickness f the parts. Fr repair f cracks, drill hles at the tw ends f the crack t arrest its further prpagatin. Remve entire cracked material t sund metal by chipping, guging r machining. Clean the weld area free f grease, il, paints, etc. prir t welding. Weld shrt beads nt exceeding 50 mm at a time. Each bead shuld be peened when still ht. Fr large and heavy sectins pre heating f the jb may be necessary. After the welding is cmpleted, the castings shuld be cvered cmpletely with a layer f asbests r dry lime until it attains rm temperature. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x350.5 x 350 Current Range LTherme (LN) Universal Electrde fr Welding f Cast Irns LTherme-703(LN) is a special flux cated nickel - irn ally electrde designed fr repair welds as well as fr jining cmpnents f varius types f cast irns, including grey and ndular cast irns and fr welding them t steel and sme ferrus and nn-ferrus materials. Applicatins : LTherme-703(LN) is the right electrde fr repair welds as well as fr jining cmpnents and parts made ut f varius types f cast irns; rectificatin f defective casting in cast irn fundry; engine heads, pump casings, impellers, rpe drums, ingt mulds and a variety f cast irn machine parts and equipments. It is als suitable fr welding cast irn t steel and sme ferrus and nn-ferrus materials. Due t higher tensile strength and gd ductility f well-balanced nickel irn depsits, satisfactry welds n spheridal cast irn can be btained. 1. Mist electrdes shuld be redried at 10C fr ne hur befre use.. Clean the parent metal surfaces free f grease, il, paint etc. prir t welding. 3. Ensure that the parts t be welded are nt expsed t rain r high wind during welding. 4. Weld beads shuld be laid in shrt length, each bead nt exceeding 50 mm at a time. Each length f weld bead shuld be peened when still ht, t minimize shrinkage stresses and prevent chances f cracking. 5. Over heating f castings shuld be avided by putting intermittent weld beads and cling in still air befre laying subsequent beads. 6. Pre-heating f the jb between C may be necessary accrding t the amunt f weld metal t be depsited and the size and the type f casting. 7. After welding is cmpleted, the casting shuld be cvered cmpletely with a layer f asbests pwder r mattress r dry lime until it attains rm temperature. Current Cnditins : AC/DC (+) Size (mm) 5 x x x x 350 Current Range

59 Cast irn gear repaired with LTherme