Paper Reference (complete below) Edexcel GCSE Additional Science (5018H) Chemistry (5038H) C2 Topics 5 to 8

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1 Centre No. Paper Reference (complete below) Surname Initial(s) Candidate No. H 1 H Signature Paper Reference(s) 5018H/1H 5038H/1H Edexcel GCSE Additional Science (5018H) Chemistry (5038H) C2 Topics 5 to 8 Higher Tier Tuesday 6 November 2012 Afternoon Time: 30 minutes Materials required for examination Calculator Items included with question papers Nil Examiner s use only Team Leader s use only Question Number Blank Instructions to Candidates In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number, your surname, initial(s) and signature, and complete the paper reference. Check that you have the correct question paper. Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box ( ). If you change your mind about an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross ( ). Do not use pencil. Use black ink. Show all stages in any calculations and state the units. Calculators may be used. Include diagrams in your answers where these are helpful. Information for Candidates The marks for individual questions and the parts of questions are shown in round brackets: e.g.. There are 4 questions in this question paper. The total mark for this paper is 30. There are 12 pages in this question paper. Any pages are indicated. Advice to Candidates You are reminded of the importance of clear English and careful presentation in your answers. This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with Pearson Education Ltd copyright policy Pearson Education Ltd. Printer s Log. No. P41741A W850/R1536/ /1/1/ *P41741A0112* Total Turn over

2 The Periodic Table of the Elements Key 1 H hydrogen 1 4 He helium 2 7 Li lithium 3 9 Be beryllium 4 relative atomic mass atomic symbol name atomic (proton) number 11 B boron 5 12 C carbon 6 14 N nitrogen 7 16 O oxygen 8 19 F fluorine 9 20 Ne neon Na sodium Mg magnesium Al aluminium Si silicon P phosphorus S sulfur Cl chlorine Ar argon K potassium Ca calcium Sc scandium Ti titanium V vanadium Cr chromium Mn manganese Fe iron Co cobalt Ni nickel Cu copper Zn zinc Ga gallium Ge germanium As arsenic Se selenium Br bromine Kr krypton Rb rubidium Sr strontium Y yttrium Zr zirconium Nb niobium Mo molybdenum 42 [98] Tc technetium Ru ruthenium Rh rhodium Pd palladium Ag silver Cd cadmium In indium Sn tin Sb antimony Te tellurium I iodine Xe xenon Cs caesium Ba barium La* lanthanum Hf hafnium Ta tantalum W tungsten Re rhenium Os osmium Ir iridium Pt platinum Au gold Hg mercury Tl thallium Pb lead Bi bismuth 83 [209] Po polonium 84 [210] At astatine 85 [222] Rn radon 86 [223] Fr francium 87 [226] Ra radium 88 [227] Ac* actinium 89 [261] Rf rutherfordium 104 [262] Db dubnium 105 [266] Sg seaborgium 106 [264] Bh bohrium 107 [277] Hs hassium 108 [268] Mt meitnerium 109 [271] Ds darmstadtium 110 [272] Rg roentgenium 111 Elements with atomic numbers have been reported but not fully authenticated * The lanthanoids (atomic numbers 58-71) and the actinoids (atomic numbers ) have been omitted. The relative atomic masses of copper and chlorine have not been rounded to the nearest whole number. 2 *P41741A0212*

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4 1. The diagram shows an atom of sodium. p = proton n = neutron = electron 11p 12n (a) Use the diagram to give (i) the electronic configuration of this atom (ii) the mass number of this atom (b) A diagram of a sodium ion is shown. 11p 12n (i) Explain how a sodium atom forms a sodium ion. 4 *P41741A0412*

5 (ii) What is the formula of the sodium ion? Put a cross ( ) in a box to show your answer. Na Na Na + Na 2 (c) Sodium ions are present in the compound sodium sulphate. (i) Which of the following is not a property of solid sodium sulphate? Put a cross ( ) in a box to show your answer. it has a high melting point it conducts electricity it is made of regularly shaped crystals it is an ionic compound (ii) Calculate the relative formula mass of sodium sulphate, Na 2 SO 4. [Relative atomic masses: O = 16, Na = 23, S = 32] relative formula mass =... Q1 (Total 7 marks) *P41741A0512* 5 Turn over

6 2. Each year, more than 1.3 million tonnes of ammonia are produced by the Haber process in the United Kingdom. (a) In the Haber process, hydrogen and nitrogen gases are reacted together to form ammonia, NH 3. (i) Put numbers in the spaces provided to complete the balanced equation for this reaction. N H 2... NH 3 (ii) The symbol in the equation shows that a dynamic equilibrium exists between the reactants and the product. Explain what is meant by a dynamic equilibrium. (iii) The process is normally carried out in the presence of iron. What is the purpose of the iron? (iv) Ammonia exists as small molecules. Liquid ammonia has a low boiling point of 33 C. Why does liquid ammonia have a low boiling point? 6 *P41741A0612*

7 (v) The reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen to form ammonia is exothermic. In terms of bonds broken and bonds formed, explain why the reaction is exothermic. (b) Most of the ammonia produced is used to make artificial nitrogenous fertilisers, such as ammonium nitrate. Give the name of the acid which is reacted with ammonia to produce ammonium nitrate.... Q2 (Total 8 marks) *P41741A0712* 7 Turn over

8 3. (a) Propene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Propene can be polymerised to form poly(propene). (i) The formula of a propene molecule is C 3 H 6. Draw the structure of a molecule of propene showing all bonds. (ii) Explain how molecules of propene combine to form poly(propene). (b) Poly(propene) is used to make traffic cones. Poly(propene) is a thermoplastic polymer. Describe what is meant by a thermoplastic polymer *P41741A0812*

9 (c) In industry, ethene, C 2 H 4, is reacted with steam to form ethanol, C 2 H 5 OH. C 2 H 4 + H 2 O C 2 H 5 OH Calculate the minimum mass of ethene required to form 500 g of ethanol. [Relative formula masses: ethene = 28, ethanol = 46] mass of ethene =... g (d) In another reaction, a given mass of ethene produced 720 g of ethanol. It was calculated that this mass of ethene could produce a maximum of 2400 g of ethanol. Calculate the percentage yield of ethanol in this reaction percentage yield =... % Q3 (Total 7 marks) *P41741A0912* 9 Turn over

10 4. (a) Graphite and diamond are two forms of carbon. graphite diamond (i) Graphite has a very high melting point of 3650 C. Explain why graphite has such a high melting point. (ii) Graphite is a good conductor of electricity but diamond does not conduct electricity. Explain why graphite conducts electricity but diamond does not. (3) 10 *P41741A01012*

11 (b) The halogens are in group 7 of the periodic table. (i) Draw a dot and cross diagram of a chlorine molecule, Cl 2, showing outer shell electrons only. (ii) A compound of carbon and chlorine contains 0.48 g of carbon and 4.26 g of chlorine. Use this information to determine the empirical formula of the compound. [Relative atomic masses: C = 12.0, Cl = 35.5] empirical formula =... Q4 (Total 8 marks) TOTAL FOR PAPER: 30 MARKS END *P41741A01112* 11

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