Impact of WMA Additives on Modified Asphalt Mixtures

Transcription

1 Impact of WMA Additives on Modified Asphalt Mixtures Sponsored by: Paramount Petroleum Inc. Conducted by: Western Regional Superpave Center (WRSC) University of Nevada Reno Presented by: Elie Y. Hajj WMA TWG, Oklahoma City October 28, 2010

2 Objective Evaluate the use of WMA additives with typical polymer-modified and terminal blend tire rubber asphalt mixtures from NV and CA Two Phase Study: Phase I: Moisture Damage Phase II: Performance Tests 2

3 Materials 1 aggregate source: Lockwood pit, Granite Construction meets NDOT and Caltrans specs 3 binder types: supplied by Paramount PG unmodified binder PG NV/PM polymer-modified binder that meets both NV and PM specs PG NVTR/TR terminal blended rubber binder that meets both NVTR and TR spec 3

4 Materials (Cont d) 3 WMA additives: Sasobit (Sasol Wax North America) Advera (PQ Corporation) Evotherm (MeadWestvaco) wasn t received on time 2 anti-strip additives: Liquid anti-strip: Morlife 5000 at 0.5% by wt of binder (Dow Chemical Company) Hydrated lime: 1.0% dwa added on wet aggregates 4

5 Mix Designs Hveem Mix Design for heavy traffic: NV and CA specs Single aggregate gradation that meets both: NDOT: Type 2C Caltrans: ¾ Max Type A Conduct Actual Designs of HMA & verify for WMA 5

6 Evaluated Mixtures HMA WMA - Advera WMA - Sasobit PG X X X PG64-28NV/PM X X X PG64-28NV-TR/TR X X X X = un-treated, Lime-treated, Liquid-treated Total: 27 mixtures 6

7 Mix Designs Process Mixing Temp Vis. Chart HMA Conduct Compaction Temp 230 F Mix Designs Select Optimum Mixing/Comp Temp (NCHRP 9-43) Aging Index Coating WMA Verify Compactibility Compaction Temp 230 F Verify Optimum

8 WMA Temperatures WMA production temperatures Mixing Temperature Aging Index (AI) min mixing temp Degree of Aggregate Coating (T195) Compaction Temperature Compactability in Superpave Gyratory: N (T Comp - 54⁰F) 1.25*N T Comp Not used in Mix Designs 8

9 Mixing/Compaction Temperatures Temperature, F F 45F 30F 35F 45F 40F HMA WMA-Advera (0.3%) WMA-Sasobit (1.5%) HMA WMA-Advera (0.3%) WMA-Sasobit (3.0%) HMA WMA-Advera (0.3%) WMA-Sasobit (1.5%) PG64-22 PG64-28NV/PM PG64-28NVTR/TR Mixing Temperature Compaction Temperature 9

10 Verify Optimum Designs for WMA and Treated Mixtures At the HMA Optimum and +/- 1% Mix at WMA mixing temperature Compact at 230 o F Measure stability, Va, VMA and VFA Select optimums 10

11 Optimum Binder Contents Mix Type Treatment PG64-22 PG64-28NV PG64-28TR HMA WMA-Advera (0.3% by TWM) WMA-Sasobit (1.5% by WB)* Un-treated Lime-Treated Liquid-Treated Un-treated Lime-Treated Liquid-Treated Un-treated Lime-Treated Liquid-Treated * 3.0% Sasobit by WB was used for the PG64-28NV binder 11

12 Moisture Sensitivity Tensile Strength at 77 F Un-treated Mixes Tensile Strength (TS) at 77 F, psi Whiskers represent 95% confidence interval None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) at 77 F, % PG PG 64-28NV PG 64-28NVTR Unconditioned TS, psi Conditioned TS, psi TSR, %

13 Moisture Sensitivity Tensile Strength at 77 F Lime-treated Mixes Tensile Strength (TS) at 77 F, psi Whiskers represent 95% confidence interval None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) at 77 F, % PG PG 64-28NV PG 64-28NVTR Unconditioned TS, psi Conditioned TS, psi TSR, %

14 Moisture Sensitivity Tensile Strength at 77 F Liquid-treated Mixes Tensile Strength (TS) at 77 F, psi Whiskers represent 95% confidence interval None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) at 77 F, % PG PG 64-28NV PG 64-28NVTR Unconditioned TS, psi Conditioned TS, psi TSR, %

15 Experimental Plan Phase I Resistance to Moisture Damage WMA mixtures prepared at identified Mixing & Compaction temperatures I. Impact of Residual Moisture on Un-treated Mixes II. Impact of Anti-strip Additives Lime Liquid Anti-Strip (LAS) III.Impact of Long-Term Aging 15

16 Determining Aggregate Residual Moisture Process Add 2% water above SSD & soak for hrs: moist aggregate Calibration time: 100% dried moist agg. at HMA mixing temp. Use calibration time to heat moist aggregate at WMA mixing temp. Moisture left in WMA agg. is: residual moisture 16

17 Impact of Residual Moisture Measured Aggregate Residual Moisture Mix Type Treatment PG64-22 PG64-28NV PG64-28TR HMA Un-treated 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% WMA-Advera (0.3% by TWM) WMA-Sasobit (1.5% by WB)* Un-treated 0.77% 0.13% 0.25% Un-treated 0.68% 0.20% 0.15% * 3.0% Sasobit by WB was used for the PG64-28NV binder 17

18 Impact of Residual Moisture Experimental Plan Property Un-treated Mixes PG PG NV/PM PG NVTR/TR None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit Without Residual Moisture E* vs. F-T (unaged) 0, 1 0, 1 0, 1 0, 1 0, 1 0, 1 0, 1 0, 1 0, 1 With Residual Moisture E* Moist vs. F-T (unaged) -- 0, 1 0, , 1 0, , 1 0, 1 18

19 Impact of Residual Moisture Selected Test Results PG64-28TR Mix 10,000 Dynamic Modulus E* at 70 F, ksi 1, HMA(TR)_0FT HMA(TR)_1FT HMA(TR)_6FT 1 1.E-05 1.E-04 1.E-03 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 Reduced Frequency, Hz 19

20 Impact of Residual Moisture Selected Test Results PG64-28TR Mix 10,000 Dynamic Modulus E* at 70 F, ksi 1, WMA(TR)_Adv_0FT WMA(TR)_Adv_1FT WMA(TR)_Adv_6FT 1 1.E-05 1.E-04 1.E-03 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 Reduced Frequency, Hz 20

21 Impact of Residual Moisture Selected Test Results PG64-28TR Mix 10,000 Dynamic Modulus E* at 70 F, ksi 1, WMA(TR)_Moist_Adv_0FT WMA(TR)_Moist_Adv_1FT WMA(TR)_Moist_Adv_6FT 1 1.E-05 1.E-04 1.E-03 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 Reduced Frequency, Hz 21

22 Impact of Residual Moisture Selected Test Results PG64-28TR Mix 10,000 Dynamic Modulus E* at 70 F, ksi 1, WMA(TR)_Sas_0FT WMA(TR)_Sas_1FT WMA(TR)_Sas_6FT 1 1.E-05 1.E-04 1.E-03 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 Reduced Frequency, Hz 22

23 Impact of Residual Moisture Selected Test Results PG64-28TR Mix 10,000 Dynamic Modulus E* at 70 F, ksi 1, WMA(TR)_Moist_Sas_0FT WMA(TR)_Moist_Sas_1FT WMA(TR)_Moist_Sas_6FT 1 1.E-05 1.E-04 1.E-03 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 Reduced Frequency, Hz 23

24 Impact of Residual Moisture Summary of Results PG64-22 Mixes E* at 70⁰F and 10 Hz, ksi 1,200 1, E* E* Ratio E* Ratio at 70⁰F and 10 Hz 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT HMA WMA_Adv WMA_Sas WMA_Moist_Adv WMA_Moist_Sas PG64-22 Mixes 24

25 Impact of Residual Moisture Summary of Results PG64-28NV/PM Mixes E* at 70⁰F and 10 Hz, ksi 1,200 1, E* E* Ratio E* Ratio at 70⁰F and 10 Hz 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT HMA WMA_Adv WMA_Sas WMA_Moist_Adv WMA_Moist_Sas PG64-28NV Mixes 25

26 Impact of Residual Moisture Summary of Results PG64-28NVTR/TR Mixes E* at 70⁰F and 10 Hz, ksi 1,200 1, E* E* Ratio E* Ratio at 70⁰F and 10 Hz 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT 0FT 1FT 6FT HMA WMA_Adv WMA_Sas WMA_Moist_Adv WMA_Moist_Sas PG64-28TR Mixes 26

27 Experimental Plan/Number of Samples Impact of Antistrip Additives Property Lime-treated Mixes /Liquid-treated Mixes PG PG NV/PM PG NVTR/TR None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit Without Residual Moisture E* vs. F-T (unaged) With Residual Moisture E* Moist vs. F-T (unaged)

28 Impact of Antistrip Additives Summary of Results PG64-22 Mixes E* at 70⁰F and 10 Hz, ksi E* Ratio at 70⁰F and 10 Hz 0FT 6FT 0FT 6FT 0FT 6FT HMA WMA_Moist_Adv WMA_Moist_Sas PG64-22 E* _Un-treated E* _Lime-treated E* _Liquid-treated E* Ratio_Un-treated E* Ratio_Lime-treated E* Ratio_Liquid-treated 28

29 Impact of Antistrip Additives Summary of Results PG64-28NV Mixes E* at 70⁰F and 10 Hz, ksi E* Ratio at 70⁰F and 10 Hz 0FT 6FT 0FT 6FT 0FT 6FT HMA WMA_Moist_Adv WMA_Moist_Sas PG64-28NV E* _Un-treated E* _Lime-treated E* _Liquid-treated E* Ratio_Un-treated E* Ratio_Lime-treated E* Ratio_Liquid-treated 29

30 Impact of Antistrip Additives Summary of Results PG64-28TR Mixes E* at 70⁰F and 10 Hz, ksi E* Ratio at 70⁰F and 10 Hz 0FT 6FT 0FT 6FT 0FT 6FT HMA WMA_Moist_Adv WMA_Moist_Sas PG64-28TR E* _Un-treated E* _Lime-treated E* _Liquid-treated E* Ratio_Un-treated E* Ratio_Lime-treated E* Ratio_Liquid-treated 30

31 Experimental Plan/Number of Samples Impact of Long-Term Aging Property Un-treated Mixes PG PG NV/PM PG NVTR/TR None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit None Advera Sasobit With Residual Moisture for Advera and Sasobit WMA mixes E* 0 (initial, t =0 days) X X X X X X X X X E* 14 (after conditioning for 14 days at room temperature over the counter) E* 16 (after oven conditioning for 2 days at 185 F) E* 19 (after oven conditioning for 3 days at 185 F) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X E* 31 (after 6 F-T ) X X X X X X X X X 31

32 Impact of Long-term Aging PG64-22 Un-treated Mixes E* at 70⁰F and 10 Hz, ksi 1, HMA(6422) WMA(6422)_Moist_Adv WMA(6422)_Moist_Sas Initial At room Temp for 14 days In oven for 2 days at 185 F In oven for 3 days at 185 F After 6 FT Cycles Time (Days) HMA(6422) WMA(6422)_Moist_Adv WMA(6422)_Moist_Sas

33 Impact of Long-term Aging PG64-28NV Un-treated Mixes E* at 70⁰F and 10 Hz, ksi 1, HMA(NV) WMA(NV)_Moist_Adv WMA(NV)_Moist_Sas Initial At room Temp for 14 days In oven for 2 days at 185 F In oven for 3 days at 185 F After 6 FT Cycles Time (Days) HMA(NV) WMA(NV)_Moist_Adv WMA(NV)_Moist_Sas

34 Impact of Long-term Aging PG64-28TR Un-treated Mixes E* at 70⁰F and 10 Hz, ksi 1, HMA(TR) WMA(TR)_Moist_Adv WMA(TR)_Moist_Sas Initial At room Temp for 14 days In oven for 2 days at 185 F In oven for 3 days at 185 F After 6 FT Cycles Time (Days) HMA(TR) WMA(TR)_Moist_Adv WMA(TR)_Moist_Sas

35 Impact of Long-term Aging E* and E* Ratios of aged specimens E* at 70⁰F and 10 Hz, ksi E* Ratio at 70⁰F and 10 Hz 0 0FT 6FT 0FT 6FT 0FT 6FT HMA WMA_Moist_Adv WMA_Moist_Sas PG64-22_ E* PG64-28NV_ E* PG64-28TR_ E* PG64-22_ E* _Ratio PG64-28NV_ E* _Ratio PG64-28TR_ E* _Ratio

36 Future Work Phase I: Add Evotherm and Lab-foaming mixes Phase II: Mixtures evaluation for Rutting, Fatigue and thermal cracking Conduct mechanistic analysis 36

37 THANK YOU QUESTIONS?