Name: Date: Period: Page: Predicting Products. Predict the products, and balance each reaction. Use the reaction type as a hint.

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1 Name: Date: Period: Page: Predicting Products Predict the products, and balance each reaction. Use the reaction type as a hint. For reactions with a transition metal, the most likely charge on the metal in the product: Sn 4+, Zn 2+, Pb 2+, Mn 2+, Ni 2+, Cu 2+, Fe 3+, Co 2+, Ag 1+, Sc 3+, Au 1+, Cr 3+, Ir 4+ Synthesis 1. Sn + 2 Cl2 SnCl4 2. Zn + F2 ZnF 2 Zn 2+ F 3. 2 Al + 3 Cl2 2 AlCl 3 Al 3+ Cl 4. Mn + I2 MnI 2 Mn 2+ I 5. 2 Na + F2 2 NaF Na + F 6. Cu + CO3 CuCO 3 Cu 2+ 2 CO 3 Decomposition Many compounds decompose in predictable patterns: Carbonates (compounds containing CO3 2 ) give off carbon dioxide and leave oxide compounds behind. Sulfates (with SO4 2 ) give off sulfur trioxide and leave oxide compounds behind. Hydroxides (with OH 1 ) produce water and leave oxide compounds behind. Chlorates (with ClO3 1 ) give off oxygen and leave chloride compounds behind. Binary compounds (made of just two elems) break down into their elems. (Don't forget about HOFBrINCl) 1. 2 NH3 N H 2 2. H2S H 2 + S 3. 2 CaO 2Ca + O HgO 2Hg + O 2 5. CaCO3 CO 2 + CaO 6. Al2(CO3)3 3 CO 2 + Al 2 O 3 7. Ba(OH)2 H 2 O + BaO 8. CuSO4 SO 3 + CuO 9. 2 NaClO3 3O 2 + 2NaCl

2 Remember that a cation replaces a cation and an anion replaces an anion. In order for the reaction to occur, the metal doing the replacing must be more reactive/higher on the activity series than the metal being replaced. 1. Cu + 2 AgNO3 Ag + Cu(NO3)2 Cu 2+ NO Al + 3 Au2SO4 Al 2 (SO 4 ) Au Al 3+ SO Ba + Au 2 SO4 BaSO Au Ba 2+ SO Na + MgCl2 NaCl + Mg Na + Cl 5. Ba + 2 FrCl BaCl 2 + 2Fr Ba +2 Cl 6. Mn + MgCO3 MnCO 3 + Mg Mn 2+ CO 3 2 / Metathesis replacem reactions occur when two ionic compounds are in an aqueous solution. The reaction will only occur if both reactants are soluble in water and only one product is soluble in water. Remember that the positive ions "switch partners." 1. BaCl2 + Na2CO3 BaCO NaCl Ba 2+ Cl Na + CO 3 2 Ba 2+ CO 3 2 Na + Cl 2. 2 AgClO3 + Ni(NO3)2 2AgNO 3 + Ni(ClO 3 ) 2 Ag + ClO 3 Ni +2 NO 3 Ag + NO 3 Ni +2 ClO 3 3. K2SO4 + MgF2 2KF + MgSO 4 K + SO 4 2 Mg +2 F K + F Mg +2 SO MgCO3 + CaCl2 MgCl 2 + CaCO 3 Mg 2+ CO 3 2 Ca +2 Cl Mg 2+ Cl Ca +2 CO AlCl3 + 3 BaSO4 Al 2 (SO 4 ) BaCl 2 Al 3+ Cl Ba +2 SO 4 2 Al 3+ SO 4 2 Ba +2 Cl 6. Zn(NO3)2 + Ba(OH)2 Zn(OH) 2 + Ba(NO 3 ) 2 Zn 2+ NO 3 Ba +2 OH Zn 2+ OH Ba +2 NO 3 Combustion Combustion reactions always have hydrocarbons (C & H) or carbohydrates (C, H, & O) combining with pure oxygen (O2). The products are always

3 carbon dioxide and water. ("Incomplete Combustion" results from a lack of available oxygen, and gives carbon monoxide as a product instead of carbon dioxide. It can't be predicted as a likely reaction based on the reactants.) 1. CH4 + 2 O2 CO 2 + 2H 2 O 2. 2 C10H O2 20 CO H 2 O 3. C3H8 + 5 O2 3CO 2 + 4H 2 O 4. 2 C4H10 + _13 O2 8 CO H 2 O 5. 2 C2H6 + 7 O2 4 CO H 2 O Idify the most likely reaction type on the left side and predict the products after the arrow. Type of Reaction 1. C 4 Al + 3 O2 2Al 2 O 3 2. DR BaSO4 + MgCl2 BaCl 2 + MgSO 4 3. SR Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO 4 + H 2 4. D 2 CrCl3 2Cr + 3Cl 2 5. D 2 Fe2O3 4Fe + 3O 2 6. C Ba + S BaS 7. C 2 Co + O2 2CoO 8. SR 3 Ni + Mn(OH)6 3Ni(OH) 2 + Mn 9. DR 2 KCl + Mg(NO3)2 2KNO 3 + MgCl D 2 FeF3 2Fe + 3F Combustion C2H4 + 3 O2 2CO 2 + 2H 2 O 12. D_2 MgO 2Mg + O D Sc2(CO3)3 3CO 2 + Sc 2 O C H2 + Br2 2HBr

4 15. SR 3 Ba + _2 H3PO4 Ba 3 (PO 4 ) 2 + 3H DR 3 Sn(OH)4 + 4 Al(NO3)3 3Sn(NO 3 ) 4 + 4Al(OH) Combustion C6H O2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O 18. C 2 Fe + 3 Cl2 2FeCl SR Mn + Ba(NO3)2 Mn(NO 3 ) 2 + Ba 20. DR K2CO3 + 2 HNO3 2KNO 3 + H 2 CO 3 PRACTICE PREDICTING PRODUCTS Type of Reaction Predict the product(s) of the reaction & write the balanced equation 1. magnesium bromide + chlorine magnesium chloride + bromine Mg 2+ Br Mg 2+ Cl MgBr 2 + Cl 2 MgCl 2 + Br 2 **Determine whether the elem by itself is an anion or a cation. Chlorine is an anion so it must replace the anion in the compound. Bromine is an anion. Like replaces like. 2. aluminum + iron(iii) oxide aluminum oxide + iron Fe 3+ O 2 Al 3+ O 2 2Al + Fe 2 O 3 Al 2 O 3 + 2Fe **Determine whether the elem by itself is an anion or a cation. Aluminum is a cation so it must replace the cation in the compound. Iron is the cation. Like replaces like. 3. silver(i) nitrate + zinc chloride Silver chloride + zinc nitrate Ag + NO 3 Zn 2+ Cl Ag + Cl Zn +2 NO 3 2AgNO 3 + ZnCl 2 2AgCl + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 **Cations switch partners/anions 4. bromine + sodium iodide sodium bromide + iodine Na + I Na + Br Br 2 + 2NaI 2NaBr + I 2 **Determine whether the elem by itself is an anion or a cation. Bromine is an anion so it must replace the anion in the compound. Iodine is the anion. Like replaces like. Order of Coefficis 1, 1, 1, 1 2, 1, 1, 2 or 2, 1, 2, 1 2, 1, 2, 1 or 2, 1, 1, 2 1, 2, 2, 1 or 1, 2, 1, 2

5 Combinat ion Decompo sition replacem 5. zinc + hydrochloric acid Zinc chloride + hydrogen H + Cl Zn 2+ Cl Zn + 2HCl ZnCl 2 + H 2 **Determine whether the elem by itself is an anion or a cation. Zinc is a cation so it must replace the cation in the compound. Hydrogen in this case is the cation. Like replaces like. 6. sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide sodium sulfate + water H + 2 SO 4 Na + OH Na + 2 SO 4 H + OH H 2 SO 4 + 2NaOH Na 2 SO 4 + 2H 2 O **When you combine an acid and a hydroxide compound one product you will always form is water 7. sodium + hydrogen sodium hydride Na + H 2Na + H 2 2NaH **Hydrogen can act as both an anion and a cation. Since sodium is definitely a cation, hydrogen acts as an anion. 8. potassium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid potassium chloride + water K + OH H + Cl K + Cl H + OH KOH + HCl KCl + H 2 O **When you combine an acid and a hydroxide compound one product you will always form is water 9. lithium chlorate oxygen + lithium chloride Li + ClO 3 Li + Cl 2LiClO 3 3O 2 + 2LiCl **Refer back to Predicting Products notes for decomposition. If the reactant contains chlorate the products will be oxygen and a chloride compound (the metal + chlorine) 10. aluminum sulfide + sodium hydroxide aluminum hydroxide + sodium sulfide Al 3+ S 2 Na + OH Al 3+ OH Na + S 2 Al 2 S 3 + 6NaOH 2Al(OH) 3 + 3Na 2 S 1, 2, 1, 1 1, 2, 1, 2 or 1, 2, 2, 1 2, 1, 2 1, 1, 1, 1 2, 3, 2 1, 6, 2, 3 or 1, 6, 3, 2