DRAFT MALAYSIAN STANDARD. OFFICER/SUPPORT STAFF: (NI/zt) Descriptors: machine structural use, low-alloyed steel, specification

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1 DRAFT MALAYSIAN STANDARD 15P002R0 STAGE : PUBLIC COMMENT (40.20) DATE : 01/09/ /10/2015 Low-alloyed steels for machine structural use - Specification OFFICER/SUPPORT STAFF: (NI/zt) ICS: Descriptors: machine structural use, low-alloyed steel, specification Copyright 2015 DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA

2 Contents Page Committee representation... ii Foreword... iii 1 Scope Normative references Classification and symbol Manufacturing method Chemical composition Appearance, shape, dimension and tolerance Tests Inspection Marking Reports Bibliography STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved i

3 Committee representation The Industry Standards Committee on Metallic Materials and Semi-Finished Products (ISC P) under whose authority this Malaysian Standard was developed, comprises representatives from the following organisations: Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia Association of Marine Industries of Malaysia Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia Department of Standards Malaysia Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers IKRAM QA Services Sdn Bhd Institute of Materials Malaysia Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia Malaysia Steel Association Malaysian Iron and Steel Industry Federation Master Builders Association Malaysia Ministry of International Trade and Industry Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia SIRIM Berhad (National Centre for Machinery and Tooling Technology) SIRIM Berhad (National Precision Tooling (M) Sdn Bhd) SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat) SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia Universiti Malaya Universiti Sains Malaysia Universiti Teknologi Malaysia The Technical Committee on Alloy Steels which developed this Malaysian Standard consist of representatives from the following organisations: Amsteel Mills Sdn Bhd Ann Joo Steel Berhad BlueScope Steel (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd IKRAM QA Services Sdn Bhd Kanzen Tetsu Group Malaysian Iron and Steel Industry Federation SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat) SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd (Testing Services Department - Civil and Construction Section) SKF Bearing Industries (M) Sdn Bhd Southern Steel Berhad SuperInox Pipe Industry Sdn Bhd Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Co-opted member: Malaysian Steel Institute ii STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

4 Foreword This Malaysian Standard was developed by the Technical Committee on Alloy Steels under the authority of the Industry Standards Committee on Metallic Materials and Semi-Finished Products. Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not itself confer immunity from legal obligations. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved iii

5 Low-alloyed steels for machine structure use - Specification 1 Scope This Malaysian Standard specifies the low-alloyed steels for machine structural use (hereafter referred to as steels ), which are manufactured by hot forming such as hot rolling and hot forging. Steels are normally used after further forming such as forging and cutting and heat treatment or nitriding. Depending on the thickness, steel plates and steel strip may include those subjected to cold rolling in addition to those manufactured by hot forming. 2 Normative references The following normative references are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative reference (including any amendments) applies. MS 1846, Steel and steel products - General technical delivery requirements MS ISO 148-1, Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 1: Test method MS ISO , Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines MS ISO , Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 1: Test method MS ISO , Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (Scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) MS ISO 6892, Metallic material - Tensile testing at ambient temperature ISO 10474:2013, Steel and steel products - Inspection documents ISO :2009, Quantities and units - Part 1: General JIS G 0320, Standard test methods for heat analysis of steel products JIS G 0321:2010, Product analysis and its tolerance for wrought steel JIS G 0551, Steels - Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size JIS G 0553, Steel - Macroscopic examination by etching JIS G 0555, Microscopic testing method for the non-metallic inclusions in steel JIS G 0556, Method of macro-streak-flaw test for steel STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 5

6 JIS G 0558, Steels - Determination of depth of decarburisation JIS G 0561, Method of hardenability test for steel (End quenching method) JIS G 0901, Classification of structural rolled steel plate and wide flat for building by ultrasonic test JIS G 3141:2011, Cold - reduced carbon steel sheets and strips JIS G 3191, Dimensions, mass and permissible variations of hot rolled steel bars and bar in coil JIS G 3192, Dimensions, mass and permissible variations of hot rolled steel sections JIS G 3193:2008, Dimensions, mass and permissible variations of hot rolled steel plates, sheets and strips JIS G 3194:1998, Dimensions, mass and permissible variations of hot rolled flat steel JIS Z , Non-destructive testing - Magnetic particle testing - Part 1: General principles JIS Z 2344, General rule of ultrasonic testing of metals by pulse echo technique 6 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

7 3 Classification and symbol Steels shall be classified into 40 types and their symbols shall be as given in Table 1. Classification symbol SMn420 SMn433 SMN438 SMn443 SMnC420 SMnC443 SCr415 SCr420 SCr430 SCr435 SCr440 SCr445 SCM415 SCM418 SCM420 SCM421 SCM425 SCM430 SCM432 SCM435 SCM440 SCM445 SCM822 NOTES: Table 1. Classification symbol Group Manganese steel Manganese chromium steel Chromium steel Chromium molybdenum steel Classification symbol SNC236 SNC415 SNC631 SNC815 SNC836 SNCM220 SNCM240 SNCM415 SNCM420 SNCM431 SNCM439 SNCM447 SNCM616 SNCM625 SNCM630 SNCM815 SACM645 Group Nickel chromium steel Nickel chromium molybdenum steel Aluminium chromium molybdenum steel 1. SMn420, SMnC420, SCr415, SCr420, SCM415, SCM418, SCM420, SCM421, SCM425, SCM822, SNC415, SNC815, SNCM220, SNCM415, SNCM420, SNCM616 and SNCM815 are mainly used for case hardening. 2. SACM645 is used for surface nitriding. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 7

8 4 Manufacturing method The manufacturing method shall be as follows: a) Steels shall be manufactured from killed steel. b) Steels shall be rolled or forged as the forming ratio of 4S or over unless otherwise specified. In the case where the forming ratio of steels for rolling or forging is under 4S shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. c) Steels shall be as hot rolled or hot forged unless otherwise specified. For steel plates and steel strip, cold rolling and/or heat treatment may be performed upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. NOTE. S means the ratio of bend radius (radius curvature) to the thickness of flat sample. 5 Chemical composition Steels shall be tested in accordance with 7.1 and the cast analysis values shall be as given in Table 2. As impurities. Cu shall not exceed 0.30 % in any steel of this table. When the product analysis on steel is requested by the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, steels shall be tested in accordance with 7.1 and the allowable tolerance to the table shall be in accordance with Table 4 of JIS G 0321: STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

9 Table 2. Chemical composition Classification symbol C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo SMn to to to max max max max. - SMn to to to max max max max. - SMn to to to max max max max. - SMn to to to max max max max. - SMnC to to to max max max to SMnC to to to max max max to SCr to to to max max max to SCr to to to max max max to SCr to to to max max max to SCr to to to max max max to SCr to to to max max max to SCr to to to max max max to SCM to to to max max max to to 0.25 SCM to to to max max max to to 0.25 SCM to to to max max max to to 0.25 SCM to to to max max max to to 0.25 SCM to to to max max max to to 0.30 SCM to to to max max max to to 0.30 SCM to to to max max max to to 0.30 SCM to to to max max max to to 0.30 SCM to to to max max max to to 0.30 SCM to to to max max max to to 0.30 SCM to to to max max max to to 0.45 SNC to to to max max to to SNC to to to max max to to SNC to to to max max to to SNC to to to max max to to SNC to to to max max to to SNCM to to to max max to to to 0.25 SNCM to to to max max to to to 0.30 SNCM to to to max max to to to 0.30 SNCM to to to max max to to to 0.30 SNCM to to to max max to to to 0.30 SNCM to to to max max to to to 0.30 SNCM to to to max max to to to 0.30 SNCM to to to max max to to to 0.60 SNCM to to to max max to to to 0.30 SNCM to to to max max to to to 0.70 a) SNCM to to to max max to to to 0.30 SACM645 b) 0.40 to to max max max max to to 0.30 a) The lower limit of Mo of SNCM630 may be 0.30 % upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. b) A1 of SACM645 shall be 0.70 % to 1.20 %. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 9

10 6 Appearance, shape, dimension and tolerance 6.1 Hot rolled steel bar and wire rod Appearance The appearance of hot rolled steel bar and wire rod shall be well-finished and free from defects detrimental to practical use. Processing for shipment in coils does not afford the manufacturer the opportunity to observe the whole length for defects or to remove defective portions. For this reason, coiled products may include some abnormal portions. Such abnormal portions shall be subjected to the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer Criteria for removal of flaw and allowance for depth of remaining flaw The criteria for removal of flaw and allowance for depth of remaining flaw shall be as follows Steel bar general forging The removal of flaw on the steel bar for general forging shall be performed smoothly and the allowance for depth of flaw removal from the nominal dimension shall be 4 % or under (5 mm max.) of the nominal dimension. Further, the sum of the width of the flaw treatment trace shall not exceed ¼ of the circumference in the same section, provided that the portion where a flaw is removed within the dimensional tolerance shall not be regarded as the flaw treatment trace. The allowance for depth of remaining flaw shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer Round steel bar for direct cutting As a rule, the removal of flaw on the round steel bar for direct cutting shall not be performed. When performing, the criteria for removal of flaw shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. The allowance for depth of flaw from the nominal dimension of the round steel bar for direct cutting shall be as given in Table 3. Table 3. Allowance for depth of flaw from nominal dimension of round steel bar for direct cutting (hot rolled steel bar) Diameter, Ø (mm) Ø < 16 Allowance for depth of flaw from nominal dimension Not exceeding 4 % of nominal size with the maximum of 0.5 mm 16 Ø < 50 Not exceeding 3 % of nominal size with the maximum of 1.0 mm 50 Ø < 100 Not exceeding 2 % nominal size with the maximum of 1.5 mm Ø 100 Not exceeding 1.5 % nominal size with the maximum of 3.0 mm 10 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

11 Steel bar for cold drawing The removal of flaw on the steel bar for cold drawing shall be performed smoothly and the limit for depth of flaw removal from the lower limit of dimensional tolerance shall be as given in Table 4. The allowance for remaining flaw depth shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. Table 4. Limit for depth of flaw removal from lower limit of dimensional tolerance of steel bar for cold drawing (hot rolled steel bar) Diameter, Ø or width, w across flat (mm) Ø < 16 w < Ø < w < Ø < w < Ø w Other steel bar Limit for depth of flaw removal from lower limit of dimensional tolerance 0.15 mm Not exceeding 1 % of nominal size with the maximum of 0.35 mm Not exceeding 0.7 % nominal size with the maximum of 0.50 mm Not exceeding 0.5 % nominal size The case where removal of flaw is necessary for other steel bars shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer Wire rod The allowance for depth of flaw of the wire rod shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer Standard dimension The standard dimensions of hot rolled steel bars (round, square and hexagonal) and wire rods shall be as given in Table 5. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 11

12 Table 5. Standard dimensions of hot rolled steel bar and wire rod Round steel bar diameter Square steel bar width across flat Hexagonal steel bar width across flat Dimensions in millimetres Wire rod diameter Shapes and tolerances on dimensions Shapes and tolerances on dimensions of hot rolled steel bars and wire rods shall be in accordance with the following a) to c), provided that hot rolled steel bars and wire rods subjected to the heat treatment shall not apply. a) Shapes and tolerances on dimensions for hot rolled round steel bars and square steel bars shall be as given in Table 6. Table 6. Shapes and tolerances on dimensions for hot rolled round steel bar and square steel bar Item Tolerance on diameter or width across flat Deviation of diameter or deviation Tolerance on length Roundness at corner (R) Twist Straightness Shapes and tolerances on dimensions ± 1.5 % with the minimum value of tolerance of ± 0.4 mm Not exceeding 70 % of range of dimensional tolerance on diameter or width across flat 7 m or under in +40 length - 0 mm Over 7 m in length Add 5 mm to the above plus-side tolerance for an increase of 1 m or its fraction in length. The minus-side tolerance shall be 0 mm. 10 % to 20 % of width across flat in general Within the extent of practical use 3 mm or under in any 1 m length and also length (m) 3 mm x or under for the full length 1 m NOTES: 1. The deviation of diameter means the difference between the maximum and minimum diameters on the same section of the round steel bar. 2. The deviation means the difference between the minimum and the maximum widths across flat on the same section of the square steel bar. 12 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

13 b) Shapes and tolerances on dimensions for hot rolled hexagonal steel bars shall be as given in Table 7. Table 7. Shapes and tolerances on dimensions for hot rolled hexagonal steel bar Item Dimensions in millimetres Width across flat, w Tolerance on width across flat 7 m or under In length Over 7 m in length w < w < w < 55 w 55 ± 0.7 ± 0.8 ± 1.0 ± 1.2 Deviation 1.0 max. 1.1 max. 1.4 max. 1.7 max. Tolerance +40 on length - 0 Twist Straightness Add 5 mm to the above plus-side tolerance for an increase of 1 m or its fraction in length. The minus-side tolerance shall be 0 mm. Within the extent of practical use 3 mm or under in any 1 m length and also 3 mm x or under for the full length length (m) NOTE: The deviation means the difference between the minimum and the maximum widths across flat on the same section of the hexagonal steel bar. c) Tolerances on dimensions for hot rolled wire rods shall be as given in Table 8. In the case where the diameter exceeds 50 mm, the tolerances shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. 1 m Table 8. Tolerances on dimensions for hot rolled wire rod Dimensions in millimetres Diameter Ø Tolerance on diameter Deviation of diameter Ø 15 ± max. 15 < Ø 25 ± max. 25 < Ø 32 ± max. 32 < Ø 50 ± max. NOTE. The deviation of diameter means the difference between the maximum and minimum diameters on the same section of the wire rod. 6.2 Hot rolled steel plate and steel strip, and cold rolled steel plate and steel strip Appearance The appearance of hot rolled steel plate and steel strip shall be in accordance with Clause 7 of JIS G 3193:2008. The appearance of cold rolled steel plate and steel strip shall be in accordance with Clause 12 of JIS G 3141:2011. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 13

14 6.2.2 Criteria for removal of flaw The criteria for removal of flaw of hot rolled steel plate shall be in accordance with 7 c) of JIS G 3193:2008. The application of weld repair and allowance for remaining flaw shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer Standard dimension The standard dimension of hot rolled steel plate and steel strip shall be in accordance with Clause 4 of JIS G 3193:2008. The standard dimension of cold rolled steel plate and steel strip shall be in accordance with Clause 7 of JIS G 3141: Shapes and tolerances on dimensions The shapes and tolerances on dimensions of hot rolled steel plate and steel strip and cold rolled steel plate and steel strip shall be in accordance with Clause 5 of JIS G 3193:2008. The tolerances on thickness of cold rolled steel plate and steel strip shall be in accordance with Tables 16 and 17 of JIS G 3141:2011. Thickness shall be measured at any point not less than 25 mm from a side edge for the mill edge and at any point not less than15 mm from a side edge for the cut edge. The tolerances on thickness shall not be applied to the irregular portions of both ends of the steel strip. 6.3 Hot rolled flat steel Appearance The appearance of hot rolled flat steel shall be in accordance with 10 a) of JIS G 3194: Criteria for removal of flaw The criteria for removal of flaw of hot rolled flat steel shall be in accordance with 10 b) of JIS G 3194:1998. The application of weld repair and allowance for remaining flaw shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer Standard dimension The standard dimension of hot rolled flat steel shall be in accordance with Clause 5 of JIS G 3194: Shapes and tolerances on dimensions The shapes and tolerances on dimensions of hot rolled flat steel shall be in accordance with Clause 7 of JIS G 3194: Other steel The appearance, criteria for removal of flaw, allowance for remaining flaw, shape, dimension and tolerance thereon of steels other than those specified in 6.1 to 6.3 shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. 14 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

15 7 Tests 7.1 Chemical analysis The chemical analysis shall be as follows: a) Requirements concerning the chemical composition shall be considered to refer to the cast analysis unless they refer expressly to the product analysis. The analysis method shall be as specified in each standard. b) The sampling method for product analysis shall be as specified in Clause 4 of JIS G 0321:2010. c) The method for cast analysis shall be as specified in JIS G The method for product analysis shall be as specified in JIS G 0321: Other tests Upon agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, the purchaser may designate the following tests, provided that the sampling method of specimen, test method and others shall preliminarily be agreed with the manufacturer. Tests conducted are on magnetic particle examination, ultrasonic examination, decarburised depth, non-metallic inclusion, grain size, mechanical properties, hardenability, macrostructure, macro-streak flaw and microscopic structure. Test methods for other than the microscopic structure shall be in accordance with the following: a) magnetic particle examination JIS Z ; b) ultrasonic examination JIS G 0901, JIS Z 2344; c) decarburised depth JIS G 0558; d) non-metallic inclusion JIS G 0555; e) grain size JIS G 0551; f) mechanical properties MS ISO 6892, MS ISO 148-1, MS ISO , MS ISO , MS ISO g) hardenability JIS G 0561; h) macrostructure JIS G 0553; and i) macro-streak flaw JIS G The test method for the microscopic structure inspection shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 15

16 8 Inspection The inspection shall be as follows: a) General requirements of inspection shall be as specified in MS b) The chemical composition shall comply with Clause 5. c) The appearance, shape, dimension and tolerance thereon shall comply with Clause 6. d) Other inspections when either of the tests specified in 7.2 is performed, the test result shall comply with the criteria of acceptance upon agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. 9 Marking The marking on each steel shall be done with the following items by, a suitable method. The steel plates, steel sheets, steel strips, flat steels, and, in the case of steel bars and wire rods, those having a diameter or width across flats under 30 mm, may be bound up, and the marking may be made on each bundle by a suitable method. A part of following particulars may be omitted when agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer: a) Classification symbol - For cold rolled steel plate and steel strip, -C shall be followed by the classification symbol, e.g. SNC236-C b) Heat number or serial number c) Manufacturer s name or its identifying brand d) Dimension - The expression or dimension shall be in accordance with JIS G 3141:2011, JIS G 3191, JIS G 3192, JIS G 3193:2008 and JIS G 3194:1998. The expression of dimension of wire rod shall be in accordance with the expression of dimension of bar in coil of JIS G Report The report shall comply with the requirement of However, unless otherwise specified at the time of ordering, the type of inspection document shall comply with requirement of Rounding of results of mechanical and chemical tests For the purpose of deciding whether a test result meets a specified value, the results of mechanical and chemical tests shall be expressed by or, if needed, be rounded to the same number of significant figures as in the specified value, using the rules in accordance with Annex B of ISO :2009. The choice of the rounding procedure shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer, unless otherwise agreed at the time of ordering or otherwise specified in the product or testing standard. 16 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

17 NOTE. When using digital display measuring devices, the number of digits shown can be in excess of the precision of the testing device and/or the test method Types of inspection document, inspection and testing The inspection document shall comply with inspection certificate of type 3.1 or 3.2 of ISO 10474:2013. The report on 8 d) shall be upon the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 17

18 Bibliography [1] ISO 683-1:1987 Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels - Part 1: Direct-hardening unalloyed and low-alloyed wrought steel in from of different black products [2] ISO :1987 Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels - Part 10: Wrought nitriding steels [3] ISO :1987 Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels - Part 11: Wrought case-hardening steels (Overall evaluation: MOD) 18 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

19 Acknowledgements Members of Technical Committee on Alloy Steels Prof Dr Mohd Abd Maleque (Chairman) Ms Nageswary S Iyampillai (Secretary) Mr Yee Sen Tat/Mr Ng Wei Keong Mr Mohamad Syakir Samsudin Mr Jack Chum Mr Nasrul Najaha Mr Balakrishnan Mr Mark Lim Mr Dalha Rahmat Mr Mohd Azlan Mat Isa Mr Lee Mun Kam Ms Chua Seok Cheng Mr Zahir Abas Abd Razak Assoc Prof Dr Zainuddin Sajuri Prof Dr Ahmad Badri Ismail Co-opted members Ms Lee Hooi Lan Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia SIRIM Berhad Amsteel Mills Sdn Bhd Ann Joo Steel Berhad BlueScope Steel (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd IKRAM QA Services Sdn Bhd Kanzen Tetsu Group Malaysian Iron and Steel Industry Federation SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd (Technical and Calibration Section) SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd (Testing Services Department - Civil and Construction Section) SKF Bearing Industries (M) Sdn Bhd Southern Steel Berhad SuperInox Pipe Industry Sdn Bhd Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Malaysian Steel Institute STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved