Data Booklet CHEMISTRY 12. Work done in this booklet will not be marked.

Transcription

1 Data Booklet CHEMISTRY 1 Work done in thi booklet will not be marked Minitry of Education Revied January 000

2 CONTENTS Page Table 1 Periodic Table of the Element Atomic Mae of the Element 3 Name, Formulae, and Charge of Some Common Ion 4 Solubility of Common Compound in Water Solubility Product Contant at C 6 Relative Strength of Brønted-Lowry Acid and Bae 7 Acid-bae Indicator 8 Standard Reduction Potential of Half-cell REFERENCE DR Lide, CRC Handbook of Chemitry and Phyic, 80 th edition, CRC Pre, Boca Raton, 1999

3 PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS H Hydrogen 10 3 Li Lithium Na Sodium K Potaium Rb Rubidium 8 C Ceium Fr Francium (3) 4 Be Beryllium 90 1 Mg Magneium 43 0 Ca Calcium Sr Strontium Ba Barium Ra Radium (6) 1 Sc Scandium Y Yttrium La Lanthanum Ac Actinium (7) Ti Titanium Zr Zirconium 91 7 Hf Hafnium Rf Rutherfordium (61) 3 V Vanadium Nb Niobium Ta Tantalum Db Dubnium (6) 4 Cr Chromium 0 4 Mo Molybdenum W Tungten Sg Seaborgium (63) 14 Si Silicon 81 Mn Manganee Tc Technetium (98) 7 Re Rhenium Bh Bohrium (6) Atomic Number Symbol Name Atomic Ma 6 Fe Iron 8 44 Ru Ruthenium O Omium H Haium (6) 7 Co Cobalt 89 4 Rh Rhodium Ir Iridium Mt Meitnerium (66) 8 Ni Nickel Pd Palladium Pt Platinum Cu Copper Ag Silver Au Gold Zn Zinc Cd Cadmium Hg Mercury 006 B Boron Al Aluminum Ga Gallium In Indium Tl Thallium C Carbon Si Silicon 81 3 Ge Germanium 76 0 Sn Tin Pb Lead 07 7 N Nitrogen P Phophoru A Arenic Sb Antimony Bi Bimuth O Oxygen S Sulphur Se Selenium 790 Te Tellurium Po Polonium (09) 9 F Fluorine Cl Chlorine 3 3 Br Bromine I Iodine At Atatine (10) He Helium Ne Neon 0 18 Ar Argon Kr Krypton Xe Xenon Rn Radon () Baed on ma of C1 at 100 Value in parenthee are the mae of the mot table or bet known iotope for element which do not occur naturally 8 Ce Cerium Th Thorium 30 9 Pr Praeodymium Pa Protactinium Nd Neodymium U Uranium Pm Promethium (14) 93 Np Neptunium (37) 6 Sm Samarium Pu Plutonium (44) 63 Eu Europium 10 9 Am Americium (43) 64 Gd Gadolinium Cm Curium (47) 6 Tb Terbium Bk Berkelium (47) 66 Dy Dyproium Cf Californium (1) 67 Ho Holmium E Einteinium () 68 Er Erbium Fm Fermium (7) 69 Tm Thulium Md Mendelevium (8) 70 Yb Ytterbium No Nobelium (9) 71 Lu Lutetium Lr Lawrencium (6) 1

4 ATOMIC MASSES OF THE ELEMENTS Baed on ma of C 1 at 100 Value in parenthee are the ma number of the mot table or bet known iotope for element that do not occur naturally Actinium Aluminum Americium Antimony Argon Arenic Atatine Barium Berkelium Beryllium Bimuth Boron Bromine Cadmium Calcium Californium Carbon Cerium Ceium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Copper Curium Dubnium Dyproium Einteinium Erbium Europium Fermium Fluorine Francium Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Gold Hafnium Helium Holmium Hydrogen Indium Iodine Iridium Iron Krypton Lanthanum Lawrencium Lead Lithium Lutetium Magneium Manganee Mendelevium Ac Al Am Sb Ar A At Ba Bk Be Bi B Br Cd Ca Cf C Ce C Cl Cr Co Cu Cm Db Dy E Er Eu Fm F Fr Gd Ga Ge Au Hf He Ho H In I Ir Fe Kr La Lr Pb Li Lu Mg Mn Md (7) 70 (43) (10) 1373 (47) (1) (47) (6) 16 () (7) 190 (3) (6) (8) Mercury Molybdenum Neodymium Neon Neptunium Nickel Niobium Nitrogen Nobelium Omium Oxygen Palladium Phophoru Platinum Plutonium Polonium Potaium Praeodymium Promethium Protactinium Radium Radon Rhenium Rhodium Rubidium Ruthenium Rutherfordium Samarium Scandium Selenium Silicon Silver Sodium Strontium Sulphur Tantalum Technetium Tellurium Terbium Thallium Thorium Thulium Tin Titanium Tungten Uranium Vanadium Xenon Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium Hg Mo Nd Ne Np Ni Nb N No O O Pd P Pt Pu Po K Pr Pm Pa Ra Rn Re Rh Rb Ru Rf Sm Sc Se Si Ag Na Sr S Ta Tc Te Tb Tl Th Tm Sn Ti W U V Xe Yb Y Zn Zr (37) (9) (44) (09) (14) 310 (6) () (61) (98) Element Symbol Atomic Number Atomic Ma Element Symbol Atomic Number Atomic Ma

5 NAMES, FORMULAE, AND CHARGES OF SOME COMMON IONS * Aqueou olution are readily oxidized by air ** Not table in aqueou olution Poitive Ion (Cation) Al 3+ Aluminum Pb 4+ Lead(IV), plumbic NH 4 + Ammonium Li + Lithium Ba + Barium Mg + Magneium Ca + Calcium Mn + Manganee(II), manganou Cr + Chromium(II), chromou Mn 4+ Manganee(IV) Cr 3+ Chromium(III), chromic Hg + Mercury(I)*, mercurou Cu + Copper(I)*, cuprou Hg + Mercury(II), mercuric Cu + Copper(II), cupric K + Potaium H + Hydrogen Ag + Silver H 3 O + Hydronium Na + Sodium Fe + Iron(II)*, ferrou Sn + Tin(II)*, tannou Fe 3+ Iron(III), ferric Sn 4+ Tin(IV), tannic Pb + Lead(II), plumbou Zn + Zinc Negative Ion (Anion) Br Bromide OH Hydroxide CO 3 Carbonate ClO Hypochlorite ClO 3 Chlorate I Iodide Cl Chloride HPO 4 Monohydrogen phophate ClO Chlorite NO 3 Nitrate CrO 4 Chromate NO Nitrite CN Cyanide C O 4 Oxalate Cr O 7 Dichromate O Oxide** H PO 4 Dihydrogen phophate ClO 4 Perchlorate CH 3 COO Ethanoate, acetate MnO 4 Permanganate F Fluoride PO 4 3 Phophate HCO 3 Hydrogen carbonate, bicarbonate SO 4 Sulphate HC O 4 Hydrogen oxalate, binoxalate S Sulphide HSO 4 Hydrogen ulphate, biulphate SO 3 Sulphite HS Hydrogen ulphide, biulphide SCN Thiocyanate HSO 3 Hydrogen ulphite, biulphite 3

6 SOLUBILITY OF COMMON COMPOUNDS IN WATER The term oluble here mean > 01 mol/l at C Negative Ion (Anion) Poitive Ion (Cation) Solubility of Compound All Alkali ion: Li +, Na +, K +, Rb +, C +, Fr + All Hydrogen ion: H + All Ammonium ion: NH 4 + Nitrate, NO 3 All or or Chloride,Cl Bromide, Br Iodide, I All other Ag +, Pb +, Cu + Low Solubility Sulphate, SO 4 All other Ag +, Ca +, Sr +, Ba +, Pb + Low Solubility Sulphide, S Alkali ion, H +, NH 4 +, Be +, Mg +, Ca +, Sr +, Ba + All other Low Solubility Hydroxide, OH Alkali ion, H +, NH 4 +, Sr + All other Low Solubility or or Phophate, PO 4 3 Carbonate, CO 3 Sulphite, SO 3 Alkali ion, H +, NH 4 + All other Low Solubility 4

7 SOLUBILITY PRODUCT CONSTANTS AT C Name Barium carbonate Barium chromate Barium ulphate Calcium carbonate Calcium oxalate Calcium ulphate Copper(I) iodide Copper(II) iodate Copper(II) ulphide Iron(II) hydroxide Iron(II) ulphide Iron(III) hydroxide Lead(II) bromide Lead(II) chloride Lead(II) iodate Lead(II) iodide Lead(II) ulphate Magneium carbonate Magneium hydroxide Silver bromate Silver bromide Silver carbonate Silver chloride Silver chromate Silver iodate Silver iodide Strontium carbonate Strontium fluoride Strontium ulphate Zinc ulphide Formula BaCO 3 BaCrO 4 BaSO 4 CaCO 3 CaC O 4 CaSO 4 CuI Cu IO 3 CuS FeS ( ) AgBr AgCl AgI ZnS ( ) Fe( OH) Fe OH 3 PbBr PbCl ( ) Pb IO 3 PbI PbSO 4 MgCO 3 ( ) Mg OH AgBrO 3 Ag CO 3 Ag CrO 4 AgIO 3 SrCO 3 SrF SrSO 4 K p

8 RELATIVE STRENGTHS OF BR NSTED-LOWRY ACIDS AND BASES in aqueou olution at room temperature Name of Acid Acid Bae K a STRONG STRENGTH OF ACID WEAK Perchloric HClO H + ClO Hydriodic HI H + I + Hydrobromic HBr H + Br + Hydrochloric HCl H + Cl Nitric HNO H + NO Sulphuric HSO4 H + HSO4 + Hydronium Ion H O + 3 H + HO 10 1 Iodic HIO + 3 H + IO Oxalic H C O + H + HC O ( ) + + 3, ( III) 6 + Fe( HO) ( OH) ( ) + Sulphurou SO H O H SO H HSO Hydrogen ulphate ion HSO H SO Phophoric H PO H H PO Hexaaquoiron ion iron ion Fe H O H Citric H C H O H H C H O Nitrou HNO H NO Hydrofluoric HF H + F 3 10 Methanoic, formic HCOOH H + HCOO Hexaaquochromium ion chromium III ion Cr H , ( ) O H Cr H 6 O OH HC6HO + H HC H O Al( HO) H Al H O OH 6 + ( ) ( ) Benzoic C H COOH H C H COO Hydrogen oxalate ion HC O H C O Ethanoic, acetic CH COOH H CH COO Dihydrogen citrate ion ( ) + ( ) ( ) Hexaaquoaluminum ion, aluminum ion Carbonic ( CO + HO) HCO H + HCO Monohydrogen citrate ion HC H O H C H O Hydrogen ulphite ion HSO H SO Hydrogen ulphide H S H HS Dihydrogen phophate ion H PO H HPO Boric H BO H H BO Ammonium ion NH H NH Hydrocyanic HCN H + CN Phenol C 6HOH H + C6HO Hydrogen carbonate ion HCO3 H + CO Hydrogen peroxide HO H + HO Monohydrogen phophate ion + HPO4 H + PO Water H O + H + OH Hydroxide ion OH H + O very mall + 3 Ammonia NH H + NH very mall WEAK STRENGTH OF BASE STRONG Ð 6 Ð

9 ACID-BASE INDICATORS Indicator Methyl violet Thymol blue Orange IV Methyl orange Bromcreol green Methyl red Chlorophenol red Bromthymol blue Phenol red Neutral red Thymol blue Phenolphthalein Thymolphthalein Alizarin yellow Indigo carmine ph Range in Which Colour Change Occur Colour Change a ph Increae yellow to blue red to yellow red to yellow red to yellow yellow to blue red to yellow yellow to red yellow to blue yellow to red red to amber yellow to blue colourle to pink colourle to blue yellow to red blue to yellow 7

10 STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS OF HALF-CELLS Ionic concentration are at 1M in water at C Oxidizing Agent Reducing Agent E ( Volt) STRONG STRENGTH OF OXIDIZING AGENT WEAK Overpotential Effect F( g) + e F + 87 SO 8 + e SO HO + H + e HO MnO4 + 8H + e Mn + 4HO Au + 3e Au( ) BrO3 + 6H + e 1 Br() l + 3HO ClO4 + 8H + 8e Cl + 4HO Cl( g) + e Cl CrO H + 6e Cr + 7HO O( g) + H + e HO MnO( ) + + 4H e Mn + HO IO3 6H e I( ) + 3HO Br() l + e Br AuCl e Au( ) + 4Cl NO H e NO( g ) + HO Hg + e Hg() l O ( ) + H ( 10 M)+ e g HO NO3 + 4H + e NO4 + HO Ag + e Ag( ) Hg + e Hg() l Fe + e + Fe O ( ) + H + e H O g MnO HO 3e MnO( ) + 4OH I( ) + e I Cu + e Cu ( ) + 0 3HO HSO H + 4e S( ) Cu + e Cu( ) O SO + + 4H + e HSO + H Cu + e + Cu Sn + e + Sn S( ) + H + e HS( g) H + e H( g) Pb + e Pb( ) Sn + e Sn( ) Ni + e Ni( ) HPO H + e HPO HO 08 + Co + e Co( ) Se( ) + H + e HSe Cr + e + Cr 041 HO+ e 7 H + OH ( 10 M) Fe + e Fe( ) 0 4 Ag S + e ( ) Ag() + S Cr + 3e Cr( ) Zn + e Zn( ) Te + H + e ( ) H Te 079 HO+ e H( g) + OH Mn + e Mn( ) Al + 3e Al( ) Mg + e Mg( ) 37 + Na + e Na( ) 71 + Ca + e Ca( ) 87 + Sr + e Sr() 89 + Ba + e Ba() 91 + K + e K() 93 + Rb + e Rb() 98 + C + e C( ) Li + e Li( ) 304 Ð 8 Ð Overpotential Effect WEAK STRENGTH OF REDUCING AGENT STRONG