Our competitive advantages : Solutions for X ray Tubes. X ray emitters. Long lifetime dispensers cathodes n. Electron gun manufacturing capability n

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1 B.ED Solutios for Xray tubes_layout 1 15/12/ :05 Pagia 2 Our competitive advatages : Log lifetime dispesers cathodes Electro gu maufacturig capability High capacity getters for high vacuum requiremets Extremely high ad cotrolled purity materials Bespoke cofiguratios for cathodes ad getters Residual gas aalyses capability Solutios for X ray Tubes The SAES Group maufacturig compaies are ISO9001 certified, the Asia ad Italia compaies are ISO14001 certified also. Full iformatio about certificatios for each compay of the Group is available o the corporate website at: SAES Group. Prited i Italy. All rights reserved. SAES is a registered trademark of SAES Group. SAES Group reserves the right to chage or modify product specificatios at ay time without otice. X ray emitters SAES Group makig iovatio happe,together

2 Solutios for X ray Tubes High Reliability Cathodes ad Getters A X ray tube requires a log lived, stable ad uiform electro emissio source to guaratee a output radiatio of the desired performace. This i particular is valid for X ray devices with micro focus capabilities for medical, idustrial ad scietific applicatios who require a highly focused ad small diameter electro beam geerated by a suitable dispeser cathode. Improvig ad maitaiig the vacuum eviromet iside X ray tubes are fudametal requiremets to esure lifetime, reliability ad performace. High porosity getters are high capacity mii pumps which esure the required level of vacuum i last geeratio devices ad eable the device performace. Dispesers Cathodes High Porosity Getters

3 Dispeser Cathodes SAES is supplyig dispeser cathodes leveragig the 50 years experiece i maufacturig ad techology of Spectra Mat Ic. Our vertically itegrated maufacturig lie assures full quality cotrol of every maufacturig step. These cathodes are used throughout the world i klystros, travelig wave tubes, gyrotros, magetros ad io lasers. Spectra Mat s latest series of X ray cathodes exted our log heritage with tes of thousads of cathodes built successfully ito X ray devices. The experieced egieerig team at Spectra Mat will assist customers techically for the moutig of dispeser cathodes iside the tubes, for the activatio of cathode ad for its itegratio iside the X ray device maufacturig process. Getters Getter materials maufactured by SAES have represeted the idustry stadard for decades ad, origially developed also i cooperatio with customers, eable the highest fuctioalities of the device. Amog the huge varieties of getter families, the o evaporable sitered getters offer the highest sorptio capacity i the smallest volume. Specific surface treatmets guaratee that particles do ot escape from the getter body eve i the strog vibratio coditios typical of medical CT scaers. SAES performs Residual Gas Aalyses ad Outgassig Tests to measure getter properties i the actual tube ad process, ad i order to support the customer i the determiatio of device lifetime.

4 B.ED Solutios for Xray tubes_layout 1 15/12/ :05 Pagia 2 Our competitive advatages : Log lifetime dispesers cathodes Electro gu maufacturig capability High capacity getters for high vacuum requiremets Extremely high ad cotrolled purity materials Bespoke cofiguratios for cathodes ad getters Residual gas aalyses capability Solutios for X ray Tubes The SAES Group maufacturig compaies are ISO9001 certified, the Asia ad Italia compaies are ISO14001 certified also. Full iformatio about certificatios for each compay of the Group is available o the corporate website at: SAES Group. Prited i Italy. All rights reserved. SAES is a registered trademark of SAES Group. SAES Group reserves the right to chage or modify product specificatios at ay time without otice. X ray emitters SAES Group makig iovatio happe,together

5 B.ED Solutios for Xray tubes_layout 1 15/12/ :05 Pagia 2 Our competitive advatages : Log lifetime dispesers cathodes Electro gu maufacturig capability High capacity getters for high vacuum requiremets Extremely high ad cotrolled purity materials Bespoke cofiguratios for cathodes ad getters Residual gas aalyses capability Solutios for X ray Tubes The SAES Group maufacturig compaies are ISO9001 certified, the Asia ad Italia compaies are ISO14001 certified also. Full iformatio about certificatios for each compay of the Group is available o the corporate website at: SAES Group. Prited i Italy. All rights reserved. SAES is a registered trademark of SAES Group. SAES Group reserves the right to chage or modify product specificatios at ay time without otice. X ray emitters SAES Group makig iovatio happe,together

6 Getters HIGHLIGHTS Geeral Features Large getter mass ad surface area i a small volume Room ad high temperature operatios High sorptio capacity Ehaced porosity to maximize exposed surface Excellet mechaical properties Available with or without iteral heater Custom size ad shape Eable the use of dispeser cathodes for higher performaces Porous getters alloys ST171, ST172, ST175, realized i a broad variety of cofiguratios, with or without embedded heater are the ideal solutio for high ed X ray tubes, where: a barium getter film caot be deposited or it is udesirable a large getter mass i a small volume is eeded loose particles caot be tolerated a high getterig activity for O 2, H 2 O, CO, CO 2 ad N 2 at room temperature is required extremely large amouts of H 2 are to be reversibly sorbed Sorptio mechaisms of the getters towards differet elemets are resumed i Table 1. CO, CO 2, N 2, O 2 H 2 H 2 O Hydrocarbos Rare Gases Sorptio Characteristics Irreversible Reversible As Hydroge ad Oxyge As Hydroge ad Carbo T> 300 C No pumpig To address the specific requiremets of applicatio ad the maufacturig process of a X ray tube, porous getters are available i various shapes ad cofiguratios to fit differet geometries (as some examples reported i figure below), they ca perform a actio of I situ pumpig, overcomig geometrical costraits imposed by the system structure. Moreover, a getter is characterized by a cotiuous workig, eve i case of power failure. Some Getter Models group makig iovatio happe, together

7 I the choice of the right alloy, several aspects have to be cosidered. Materials, iteral volumes, vibratios durig life of the devices ad thermal processes adopted durig the maufacturig operatio are all factors to look at whe choosig the type ad sizig the getter. As a partial overview, the guidelies listed o Table 2 apply: Getters St 171 St 172 St 175 High temperature activatio Low temperature activatio Low temperature activatio Getter ot activated durig bakeout Getter ca be activated by bakeout Getter ca be activated by bakeout Sealig of glass tube does ot cosume getter Getter capacity preserved for tube life Getter actig as a iteral miipump either durig tube processig or tube operatio Getter serves as i situ pump durig bakeout Getter ca withstad air bakig at temperatures of up to 400 C without dramatic deterioratio of getterig performace All iformatio about our certificatios for each compay of the Group are available o our website at: D.ED High capacity for Hydroge without embrittlemet The performace (getterig rate ad capacity) of a getter is ehaced if it s placed i a hot positio. I Rotatig Aode X ray tubes, this is typically the case whe the getters are placed behid the aode, protected by direct heat radiatio. I the figure below, sorptio curves measured from 25 C to 400 C accordig to ASTM Stadard F are reported, for a example model of ST172 alloy. St 172/LHI/4 7/200 sorptio curves for CO at room temperature, 200 C ad 400 C. group SAES Group. Prited i Italy. All rights reserved. SAES ad Porous are registered trademarks of SAES Group. SAES Group reserves the right to chage or modify product specificatios at ay time without otice. SAES Group

8 Dispeser Cathodes HIGHLIGHTS Geeral Features Extremely log life cathodes Stadard impregats 532, 411, 311, 612 A basic dispeser cathode suitable for X ray tube use is show i the figure below: the cathode has o specific moutig structure ad requires a drop i heater for operatio. As simple a desig as it is, this is a quick drop i part, available both for prototypig ad log rus. 1126X X ray cathode Scadate mixes 532X, 411X, 311X, 612X Tip size dow to 0.01 Coatigs available OsRu, OsW, Ir Custom cofiguratios accordig to applicatio requiremets Various moutig base/sleeve cofiguratios Depedig o X ray device size, shape, performace requiremets ad maufacturig processes, SAES ca supply dispeser cathodes with the electro emittig areas of differet diameters ad shapes as show below; or, we ca desig aroud your specific requiremets. X ray stock tip diameters group makig iovatio happe, together

9 SAES ca supply a drop i dispeser cathode for x rays device by addig a potted heater together with exteral sleeves to optimize thermal isolatio of the cathodes. A three hole moutig base may also be attached, to simplify moutig by the customer. Dispeser Cathodes Upotted X ray cathodes Potted X ray cathodes Potted with sleeves X ray cathodes Potted with sleeves ad base X ray cathodes Tip diameter 1126X Series 1126HX Series 1126HS Series 1126HB Series Ø.098 [2.5 mm] Ø.020 [0.5 mm] Ø.039 [1 mm] Ø.059 [1.5 mm] HB Series Emitter / Body / Heater / Sleeve / Base All iformatio about our certificatios for each compay of the Group are available o our website at: Typical values for 1126HB product lie are a temperature i the rage of 1000 C C at 4.0 volts ad.65 amperes. SAES measures before shipmet ad provides V I T data for the desig or by part. D.ED Potted with sleeves ad base X ray cathodes 1126HB Series The optimal performace of dispeser cathodes is achieved i the high vacuum coditios guarateed by the use of getters iside the X ray tube. group SAES Group. Prited i Italy. All rights reserved. SAES is a registered trademark of SAES Group. SAES Group reserves the right to chage or modify product specificatios at ay time without otice. SAES Group