Cracked Concrete. Introduction. Cracked Concrete CRACKED CONCRETE

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1 Introduction CRACKED CONCRETE Cracked Concrete Cracked Concrete Introduction When selecting a post-installed anchor for a connection detail, there are a number of areas that need to be considered such as; Environment factors Installation considerations Chemical Resistance Anchor Applications Anchor Features This section focuses on post-installed anchors which can be used in the cracked regions of the concrete element, otherwise known as Cracked Concrete. Cracked Concrete can typically occur in the following areas; Tension Zones i.e. the underside of a slab Concrete Elements located in geographical areas that are susceptible to seismic activity Tension Other factors that may influence concrete to crack include excessive loads, temperature variations and concrete shrinkage. Ramset have a number of post-installed anchoring solutions for fixing into Cracked Concrete. They include both mechanical and chemical anchor types with material finishes available in zinc, hot dip galvanized, stainless steel A4 316 and high corrosion resistant stainless steel HCR. The following section provides strength limit state design data based on anchoring into Cracked Concrete with either mechanical or chemical anchoring systems. The anchoring systems in this section are also backed up with independent European Technical Approvals associated with anchoring into cracked concrete. A summary of the anchoring systems suitable for Cracked Concrete are as follows; Mechanical Anchoring System SpaTec Plus TruBolt A4 316 SS Chemical Anchoring System EPCON C8 Anchor Studs EPCON C8 Reinforcing Bar Tension Tension Structaset Anchor Studs Note: Non-cracked concrete performance data is also available for the above mentioned systems either within this section or in other sections of the Specifiers Resource Book RAMSET

2 43.1 EPCON C8 CRACKED CONCRETE - CHEMICAL INJECTION 43.1 GENERAL INFORMATION Product EPCON C8 is a High Performance Pure Epoxy Anchoring adhesive for use in Cracked and Non-Cracked concrete. For structures subject to external exposure, permanently damp or aggressive conditions. Benefits, Advantages and Features European Technical Approval option1 for use in cracked and non cracked concrete ETA-10/0309: Highest level of European approval for chemical anchors 100 Year design life Approved for flooded holes Approved for floor, wall & overhead applications Data for Sustained Loading Greater productivity: Anchors in dry, damp, wet or flooded holes No weather delays Fast,easy dispensing with high flow (pneumatic) mixer Greater security: Highest performance in cracked concrete Versatile Anchors all stud & bar diameters in all directions Oversized holes Anchors in carbide drilled and diamond cored holes For tropical and Cold weather conditions Greater safety: Low odour Non-flammable Fire Rated : Refer Fire rated anchoring section Installation PERFORMANCE RELATED MATERIAL INSTALLATION RELATED Drill recommended diameter and depth hole. 2. Important: Use Ramset Dustless Drilling System to ensure holes are clean. Alternatively, clean dust and debris from hole with stiff wire or nylon brush and blower in the following sequence: blow x 4, brush x 3, blow x 4, brush x 3, blow x Insert mixing nozzle to bottom of hole. Fill hole to 3/4 the hole depth slowly, ensuring no air pockets form. 4. Insert Ramset ChemSet Anchor Stud/rebar to bottom of hole while turning. 5. Allow EPCON C8 to cure as per setting times. 6. Attach fixture. HCR Installation temperature limits: Principal Applications Anchoring into cracked & non cracked concrete e Road barrier hold down bolts Bridge refurbishment Road & Rail tunnel construction Reinforcing bar from 8 to 32mm m Starter t Bars Threaded studs from M8 to M30 Threaded Stud material: Zn, A4 316, HCR steels Threaded d Stud material: 5.8, 8.8, grade Substrate: 5 C to 40 C Adhesive: 5 C to 40 C Load should not be applied to anchor until the chemical has sufficiently cured as specified. Service temperature limits: -40 C to 80 C Setting Times EPCON C8 Temperature of Curing time in Curing time in Gel Time base material dry concrete wet concrete 5 C - 9 C 20 min 30 h 60 h 10 C - 19 C 14 min 23 h 46 h 20 C - 24 C 11 min 16 h 32 h 25 C - 29 C 8 min 12 h 24 h 30 C - 39 C 5 min 8 h 16 h 40 C 5 min 6 h 12 h ETA European Technical Approval ETAG 001 Part 5 Option 1 ETA 10/ CPD-0549 ETA European Technical Approval ETAG 001 Part 5 TR023 ETA 07/ CPD-0276 Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs RAMSET

3 EPCON C CRACKED CONCRETE - CHEMICAL INJECTION Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs Installation and performance details: EPCON C8 and ChemSet Anchor Studs Anchor size, d b Drilled hole diameter, d h Fixture hole diameter, d f Anchor effective depth, h Tightening torque, T r (Nm) Anchor spacing, a c Optimum dimensions* Edge distance, e c Concrete substrate thickness, b m Reduced Characteristic Capacity Cracked Concrete Tension, N Rd,pc (kn) ** Concrete Compressive Strength, f' c 20 MPa 30 MPa 40 MPa M M M M M M M * For anchor spacings or edge distances less than the optimum, please refer to the simplified strength limit state design process to verify capacity. ** Tension values are based on service temperature limits -40 C to +40 C only. If service temperature limits is beyond this range please contact Ramset Engineer. WET HOLES in cracked concrete: Multiply N Rd,pc x DESCRIPTION AND PART NUMBERS ChemSet Anchor Studs and Threaded Rod Anchor size, d b Anchor length, L Anchor effective depth, h Fixture thickness, t Effective Length, L e Part Number GR 5.8 Zinc GR 5.8 Gal 316 S/S M CS08110 CS08110GH CS08110SS M CS10130 CS10130GH CS10130SS M CS12160 CS12160GH CS12160SS CS M CS16190 CS16190GH CS16190SS M CS20260 CS20260GH CS20260SS M CS24300 CS24300GH CS24300SS M CS30380* CS30380GH* CS30380SS* * Lead times apply Injection System Drilled hole depth, h 1 Description Cartridge Size Part No. h 1 = h h = Effective depth EPCON C8 450 ml C ENGINEERING PROPERTIES ChemSet Anchor Studs and Threaded Rod Anchor Size, d b Grade 8.8 Threaded Rod Stainless Steel High Corrosion Resistance HCR Grade / Threaded Rod UTS f u MPa Shank diameter, d s Stressed Area (mm 2 ) Yield Strength f y MPa Shank diameter, d s Stressed Area (mm 2 ) Yield Strength f y MPa UTS f u MPa Section modulus Z (mm 2 ) M M M M M M M Refer to "Engineering Properties" for ChemSet Anchor Studs Grade 5.8 and AISI 316 Stainless Steel on page RAMSET

4 43.4 EPCON C8 STEP 1 Design tensile action effect, N* (kn) Select anchor to be evaluated Table 1a - Indicative combined loading - interaction diagram M12 M10 M8 M16 M20 M24 M30 Tension Notes: - Shear Limited by Grade 5.8 steel Notes: resistance - Tension limited by combined pull-out and ~ Shear limited by Grade 5.8 steel capacity. concrete cone resistance using nominal ~ Tension limited by concrete capacity depths using nominal depths. - No edge or spacing effects ~ No edge or spacing effects. - ~ f' f' c = 20 MPa c 20 MPa Design shear action effect, V* (kn) Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs Table 1b - Absolute minimum edge distance and anchor spacing values, e m and a m for cracked concrete Anchor size, d b M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 Min. Anchor spacing - a m Min. Edge Distance - e m Step 1c Calculate anchor effective depth, h Refer to Description and Part Numbers table for ChemSet Anchor Studs on page 43. Effective depth, h Preferred h = h n otherwise, h = L e - t h 6 * d h 1 t = total thickness of material(s) being fastened. Anchor size determined, absolute minima compliance achieved, effective depth (h) calculated RAMSET

5 43.4 EPCON C8 Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs STEP 2 Verify cracked concrete combined pull-out and concrete cone tensile resistance - per anchor Table 2a - Cracked Concrete reduced characteristic tensile capacity, N Rd,pc (kn) f'c = 20MPa Cracked Concrete combined pull-out and concrete cone resistance - N 0 Rd,p = N 0 Rk,p/Y Msp (kn) Y Msp = 1.8 Anchor size, d b M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 Drill hole dia, d h Effective depth, h Bold values are at ChemSet Anchor Stud nominal depths. For capacity in non-cracked concrete, refer to pages Note: Effective depth, h must be 6 x drilled hole diameter,d h for anchor to acheive tabled shear capacities. Wet Holes in cracked concrete: Multiply N Rd.pc *0.70 N 0 Rd,p = N 0 Rk,p/Y Msp (kn) Y Msp = 1.8 N 0 Rd,c = N Rk,c /Y Mc (kn) Y Mc = 1.8 Table 2b-1 - Cracked concrete service temperature limits effect, tension, X ns If Service temperature limit is -40 C to +80 C then N Rd,pc = N 0 Rd,p If Service temperature limit is -40 C to +40 C then Refer to Checkpoint 2 Service temperature limits effect, tension, X ns where N Rd,pc = N O Rd,p (from Table 2a) Anchor size, d b M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 Service temperature ( C) -40 C to +40 C C to +80 C Cracked Concrete Cone Resistance - N 0 Rd,c X ns where N Rd,pc = N O Rd,c (from Table 2a) Table 2b-2 - Cracked concrete compressive strength effect, tension, X nc Concrete compressive strength effect, tension, X nc where N Rd,pc = N O Rd,p (from Table 2a) Anchor size, d b M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 f' c (MPa) X nc where N Rd,pc = N O Rd,c (from Table 2a) RAMSET

6 43.4 EPCON C8 e X ne = *(e/h) Where e m e e c e c = 1*h Note: Tabled values are based on the nominal effective depth, h shown in the installation details. For other values of X ne, please use equation shown above. a X na = a/(4*h) Where a m a a c a c = 2*h Note: Tabled values are based on the nominal effective depth, h shown in the installation details. For other values X na, please use equation shown above. N N Table 2c - Cracked concrete Edge distance effect, tension, X ne Anchor size, d b M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 Edge distance, e Table 2d - Cracked concrete anchor spacing effect, tension, X na Anchor size, d b M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 Anchor spacing, a Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs 2 Design cracked concrete combined pull-out and concrete cone resistance, N Rd,p N Rd,p = N Rd,pc *X ns *X nc *X ne *X na If Service temperature limit is -40 C to +40 C then STEP 3 3 N Rd,p = minimum of N 0 Rd,p *X ns *X nc *X ne *X na and N0 Rd,c *X ns *X nc *X ne *X na Verify cracked concrete tensile resistance - per anchor Table 3a - Cracked Concrete steel resistance, tension, N Rd,s = N Rk,s / Ms (kn) Ms = 1.5 for Grade 5.8 and Grade 8.8 Carbon Steel Ms = 1.87 for M8 to M24 A4 316 Stainless Steel and Ms = 2.86 for M30 A4 316 Stainless Steel Ms = 2.6 for HCR Stainless Steel Anchor size, d b M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 Grade 5.8 Carbon Steel Grade 8.8 Carbon Steel A4 316 Stainless Steel HCR Stainless Steel Design cracked concrete tensile resistance, N Rd N Rd = minimum of N Rd,p, N Rd,s Check N*/N Rd 1, if not satisfied return to step RAMSET

7 43.4 EPCON C8 Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs V STEP 4 Load direction effect, conc. edge shear, X vd b a >1,5. e Verify cracked concrete edge shear resistance - per anchor Table 4a - Cracked concrete edge resistance, shear, V 0 Rd,c = V 0 Rk,c / Mc (kn) Mc = 1.5, f' c = 20 MPa Anchor size, d b M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 Effective depth, h Edge distance, e m For capacity in Non-cracked concrete, refer to pages Table 4b - Cracked concrete compressive strength effect, shear, X vc f' c (MPa) X vc Table 4c - Cracked concrete load direction effect, concrete edge shear, X vd Angle, X vd Table 4d - Cracked concrete anchor spacing and edge distance effect, concrete edge shear, X ve For single anchor fastening X ve e/e m X ve V X ve = e/e m * e/e m a b a >1,5.e X ve = 3*e+a * e/e m 6*e m For 2 anchors fastening X ve e/e m a/e m a 1 a 2 a 3 a n-1 For 3 anchors fastening and more V b a >1,5.e X ve = 3*e + a 1 +a 2 +a 3 + +a n-1 3*n*e m * e/e m RAMSET

8 43.4 EPCON C8 e 1 Concrete edges Shear Force e 2 ANCHOR AT A CORNER Failure wedge Table 4e - Cracked concrete Pryout failure, V 0 Rd,cp = V Rk,cp / Mpr (kn) Mpr = 1.5, f' c = 20 MPa Anchor size, d b M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 Effective depth, h C to +40 C C to +80 C Table 4f Anchor at a corner effect, concrete edge shear, X vs Note: For e 1 /e 2 > 1.25, X vs = 1.0 Edge distance, e Edge dustance, e Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs 4a Design cracked concrete edge shear resistance, V Rd,c V Rd,c = V 0 Rd,c * X vc * X vd * X ve * X vs 4b Design cracked concrete Pryout failure, V Rd,cp V Rd,cp = V 0 Rd,cp * X nc * X ne * X na STEP 5 5 Verify cracked concrete shear resistance - per anchor Table 5a - Cracked concrete steel shear resistance, V Rd,s = V Rk,s / Ms (kn) Ms = 1.25 for Grade 5.8 and Grade 8.8 Carbon Steel Ms = 1.56 for M8 to M24 A4 316 Stainless Steel and Ms = 2.38 for M30 A4 316 Stainless Steel Ms = 2.17 for HCR Stainless Steel Anchor size, d b M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 Grade 5.8 Carbon Steel Grade 8.8 Carbon Steel A4 316 Stainless Steel HCR Stainless Steel Design cracked concrete shear resistance, V Rd V Rd = minimum of V Rd,c, V Rd,cp,V Rd,s Check V*/V Rd 1, if not satisfied return to step RAMSET

9 43.4 EPCON C8 Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs STEP 6 6 Combined Loading Check N*/N Rd + V*/V Rd 1.2, if not satisfied return to step 1 Specifiy Ramset EPCON C8 Injection (Anchor Size) (Part Number) Maximum fixed thickness to be (t) mm Tension - Sustained Loading Cracked Concrete Concrete Strength f' c = 20 MPa - (-40 C to +40 C) Example Ramset EPCON C8 Injection M20 (CS20260) Maximum fixed thickness to be 55 mm To be installed in accordance with Ramset Technical Data Sheet Anchor Size (d b ) M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 Tension load in Cracked Concrete (kn) Displacement N0 (short term) N (long term) Concrete Strength f' c = 20 MPa (-40 C to +80 C) Anchor Size (d b ) M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 Tension load in Cracked Concrete (kn) Displacement N0 (short term) N (long term) Note: Above tables are based on the nominal effective depth, h shown in the installation tables within. For all other values of effective depth, h, please contact your local Ramset Engineer. Shear - Sustained Loading Cracked Concrete Concrete Strength f' c = 20 MPa Anchor Size (d b ) M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 V0 (mm/kn) (short term) Displacement V (mm/kn) (long term) Note: Displacement short term = V0 x V Sd (Shear Design Load in Cracked Concrete) Displacement long term = V x V Sd (Shear Design Load in Cracked Concrete) RAMSET

10 44.1 EPCON C8 CRACKED CONCRETE - CHEMICAL INJECTION 44.1 GENERAL INFORMATION Product EPCON C8 is a High Performance Pure Epoxy Anchoring adhesive for use in Cracked and Non-Cracked concrete. For structures subject to external exposure, permanently damp or chemically aggressive conditions. Benefits, Advantages and Features European Technical Approval option1 for use in cracked and non cracked concrete ETA-10/0309: Highest level of European approval for chemical anchors 100 year design life Approved for flooded holes Approved for floor, wall, & overhead applications Data for Sustained Loading Greater productivity: Anchors in dry, damp, wet or flooded holes No weather delays Fast,easy dispensing with high flow (pneumatic) mixer Jumbo dispensing cartridge 900ml Greater security: Highest performance in cracked concrete Versatile Anchors all stud & bar diameters in all directions Oversized holes Anchors in carbide drilled and diamond cored holes For tropical and Cold weather conditions. Greater safety: Low odour. Non-flammable. Fire Rated: Refer Fire rated anchoring section Installation PERFORMANCE RELATED Drill recommended diameter and depth hole. 2. Important: Use Ramset Dustless Drilling System to ensure holes are clean. Alternatively, clean dust and debris from hole with stiff wire or nylon brush and blower in the following sequence: blow x 4, brush x 3, blow x 4, brush x 3, blow x Insert mixing nozzle to bottom of hole. Fill hole to 3/4 the hole depth slowly, ensuring no air pockets form. 4. Insert rebar to bottom of hole while turning. 5. Allow Ramset EPCON C8 to cure as per setting times. INSTALLATION RELATED Principal Applications Anchoring into cracked & non cracked concrete Road barrier hold down bolts Bridge refurbishment Road & Rail tunnel construction Reinforcing bar from 8 to 32mm m Starterte Bars Threaded studs from M8 to M30 Threaded Stud material : Zn,A4 316, HCR steels Threaded Stud material : 5.8, 8.8, 10.9 grade Installation temperature limits: Substrate: 5 C to 40 C Adhesive: 5 C to 40 C Load should not be applied to anchor until the chemical has sufficiently cured as specified. Service temperature limits: -40 C to 80 C Setting Times Epcon C8 Temperature of base material Gel Time Curing time in dry concrete Curing time in wet concrete 5 C - 9 C 20 min 30 h 60 h 10 C - 19 C 14 min 23 h 46 h 20 C - 24 C 11 min 16 h 32 h 25 C - 29 C 8 min 12 h 24 h 30 C - 39 C 5 min 8 h 16 h 40 C 5 min 6 h 12 h ETA European Technical Approval ETAG 001 Part 5 Option 1 ETA 10/ CPD-0549 ETA European Technical Approval ETAG 001 Part 5 TR023 ETA 07/ CPD-0276 Cracked Concrete - Reinforcing Bar RAMSET

11 EPCON C8 CRACKED CONCRETE - CHEMICAL INJECTION Cracked Concrete - Reinforcing Bar Installation and performance details: Anchor size, d b Drilled hole diameter, d h Anchor effective depth, h Anchor spacing, a c Optimum dimensions* Edge distance, e c Concrete substrate thickness, b m Reduced Characteristic Capacity Cracked Concrete Tension, N Rd,pc (kn) ** Concrete Compressive Strength, f c 20 MPa 3O MPa 40 MPa / * For anchor spacings or edge distances less than the optimum, please refer to the simplified strength limit state design process to verify capacity. ** Tension values are based on service temperature limits -40 C to +40 C only. If service temperature limits is beyond this range please contact Ramset Engineer. WET HOLES in cracked concrete: Multiply N Rd,pc x DESCRIPTION AND PART NUMBERS Description Cartridge Size Part No. EPCON C8 450 ml C8-450 Drilled hole depth, h 1 h 1 = h h = Effective depth 44.3 ENGINEERING PROPERTIES Typical Engineering Properties of Grade 500 Reinforcing Bar Rebar Size Drilled Hole Dia, d h Stress Area, A s (mm 2 ) Yield Stress, f sy (MPa) Tensile Steel Yield Capacity, N sy (kn) For further information refer to reinforcing bar manufacturer's published information and AS/NZS 4671: RAMSET

12 44.4 EPCON C8 STEP 1 Design tensile action effect, N* (kn) Select anchor to be evaluated Table 1a - Indicative combined loading - interaction diagram / Tension Design shear action effect, V* (kn) Notes: - Shear Limited by Grade 500 steel Notes: resistance ~ Shear limited by Grade 5.8 steel capacity. - Tension limited by combined pull-out and ~ Tension limited by concrete capacity concrete cone resistance using nominal using nominal depths. depths ~ No edge or spacing effects. - ~ f' No c = edge 32 MPa or spacing effects - f' c = 20 MPa Cracked Concrete - Reinforcing Bar Table 1b - Absolute minimum edge distance and anchor spacing values, e m and a m for cracked concrete Anchor size, d b / Min. Anchor spacing - a m Min. Edge Distance - e m Step 1c Calculate anchor effective depth, h Refer to nominal recommended effective depths, h, listed in installation and performance details table on page 268. Effective depth, h h 6 * d h (To obtain full steel strength in shear) 1 Anchor size determined, absolute minima compliance achieved, effective depth (h) calculated RAMSET

13 44.4 EPCON C8 Cracked Concrete - Reinforcing Bar STEP 2 Verify cracked concrete combined pull-out and concrete cone tensile resistance - per anchor Table 2a - Cracked Concrete reduced characteristic tensile capacity, N Rd,pc (kn) f'c = 20MPa Cracked Concrete combined pull-out and concrete cone resistance - N 0 Rd,p = N 0 Rk,p/Y Msp (kn) Y Msp = 1.8 Anchor size, d b / Drill hole dia, d h Effective depth, h Bold values are at ChemSet Reinforcing Bar nominal depths. For capacity in non-cracked concrete refer to pages Note: Effective depth, h must be 6 x drilled hole diameter,d h for anchor to achieve tabled shear capacities. Wet Holes in cracked concrete: Multiply N Rd,pc*0.70 N 0 Rd,p = N 0 Rk,p/Y Msp (kn) Y Msp = 1.8 N 0 Rd,c = N Rk,c/Y Mc (kn) Y Mc = 1.8 If Service temperature limit is -40 C to +80 C then N Rd,pc = N 0 Rd,p If Service temperature limit is -40 C to +40 C then Refer to Checkpoint 2 Cracked Concrete Cone Resistance - N 0 Rd,c Table 2b-1 - Cracked concrete service temperature limits effect, tension, X ns Service temperature limits effect, tension, X ns where N Rd,pc = N O Rd,p (from Table 2a) Anchor size, d b / Service temperature ( C) -40 C to +40 C C to +80 C X ns where N Rd,pc = N O Rd,c (from Table 2a) Table 2b-2 - Cracked concrete compressive strength effect, tension, X nc Concrete compressive strength effect, tension, X nc where N Rd,pc = N O Rd,p (from Table 2a) Anchor size, d b / f'c (MPa) X nc where N Rd,pc = N O Rd,c (from Table 2a) RAMSET

14 44.4 EPCON C8 e a X ne = *(e/h) Where e m e e c e c = 1*h Note: Tabled values are based on the nominal effective depth, h shown in the installation details. For other values of X ne, please use equation shown above. N X na = a/(4*h) Where a m a a c a c = 2*h Note: Tabled values are based on the nominal effective depth, h shown in the installation details. For other values X na, please use equation shown above. N Table 2c - Cracked concrete Edge distance effect, tension, X ne Anchor size, d b / Edge distance, e Table 2d - Cracked concrete anchor spacing effect, tension, X na Anchor size, d b / Anchor spacing, a Cracked Concrete - Reinforcing Bar 2 STEP 3 3 Design cracked concrete combined pull-out and concrete cone resistance, N Rd,p N Rd,p = N Rd,pc *X ns *X nc *X ne *X na If Service temperature limit is -40 C to +40 C then N Rd,p = minimum of N 0 *X *X *X *X and Rd,p ns nc ne na N0 *X *X *X *X Rd,c ns nc ne na Verify cracked concrete tensile resistance - per anchor Table 3a - Cracked Concrete steel resistance, tension, N Rd,s = N Rk,s / Ms (kn) Ms = 1.4 Anchor size, d b Grade 500 Rebar Design cracked concrete tensile resistance, N Rd N Rd = minimum of N Rd,p, N Rd,s Check N*/N Rd 1, if not satisfied return to step RAMSET

15 44.4 EPCON C8 Cracked Concrete - Reinforcing Bar V STEP 4 Load direction effect, conc. edge shear, X vd Verify cracked concrete edge shear resistance - per anchor Table 4a - Cracked concrete edge resistance, shear, V Rd,c = V Rk,c / Mc (kn) Mc = 1.5, f' c = 20 MPa Anchor size, d b / Effective depth, h Edge distance, e m Note: Effective depth, h must be 6 x drilled hole diameter, d h for anchor to achieve tabled shear capacities. NOTE: For capacity in Non-cracked concrete, refer to pages Table 4b - Cracked concrete compressive strength effect, shear, X vc f' c (MPa) X vc Table 4c - Cracked concrete load direction effect, concrete edge shear, X vd Angle, X vd Table 4d - Cracked concrete anchor spacing and edge distance effect, concrete edge shear, X ve For single anchor fastening X ve e/e m X ve V b a >1,5. e X ve = e/e m * e/e m X ve = 3*e+a * e/e m 6*e m a 1 a 2 a 3 a b a >1,5.e a n-1 For 2 anchors fastening X ve e/e m a/e m For 3 anchors fastening and more X ve V X ve = 3*e + a 1 +a 2 +a 3 + +a n-1 3*n*e m * e/e m b a >1,5.e RAMSET

16 44.4 EPCON C8 e 1 Concrete edges Shear Force e 2 ANCHOR AT A CORNER Failure wedge Table 4e - Cracked concrete Pryout failure, V 0 Rd,cp = V Rk,cp / Mpr (kn) Mpr = 1.5, f' c = 20 MPa Anchor size, d b / Effective depth, h C to +40 C C to +80 C Table 4f Anchor at a corner effect, concrete edge shear, X vs Note: For e 1 /e 2 > 1.25, X vs = 1.0 Edge distance, e Edge dustance, e Cracked Concrete - Reinforcing Bar 4a Design cracked concrete edge shear resistance, V Rd,c V Rd,c = V 0 Rd,c * X vc * X vd * X ve * X vs 4b Design cracked concrete Pryout failure, V Rd,cp V Rd,cp = V 0 Rd,cp * X nc * X ne *X na STEP 4 Verify cracked concrete shear resistance - per anchor Table 5a - Cracked concrete steel shear resistance, V Rd,s = V Rk,s / Ms (kn), Ms = 1.5 Anchor size, d b Grade 500 Rebar Design cracked concrete shear resistance, V Rd V Rd = minimum of V Rd,c, V Rd,cp, V Rd,s Check V*/V Rd 1, if not satisfied return to step RAMSET

17 44.4 EPCON C8 Cracked Concrete - Reinforcing Bar STEP 6 6 Combined loading and specification Check N*/N Rd + V*/V Rd 1.2, if not satisfied return to step 1 Specify Ramset EPCON C8 Injectionn (Anchor Size) grade 500 Rebar. Drilled hole depth to be (h) mm. Tension - Sustained Loading - Cracked Concrete Concrete Strength f' c = 20 MPa - (-40 C to +40 C) Example Ramset EPCON C8 Injection with N20 grade 500 Rebar Drilled hole depth to be 170 mm. To be installed in accordance with Ramset Technical Data Sheet Anchor Size (d b ) / Tension load in Cracked Concrete (kn) Displacement N0 (short term) N (long term) Note: Above tables are based on the nominal effective depth, h shown in the installation tables within. For all other values of effective depth, h, please contact your local Ramset Engineer. Shear - Sustained Loading - Cracked Concrete Concrete Strength f' c = 20 MPa Anchor Size (d b ) / V0 (mm/kn) (short term) Displacement V (mm/kn) (long term) Note: Displacement short term = V0 x V Sd (Shear Design Load in Cracked Concrete) Displacement long term = V x V Sd (Shear Design Load in Cracked Concrete) RAMSET

18 45.1 StructaSet 401 CRACKED CONCRETE - CHEMICAL INJECTION 45.1 GENERAL INFORMATION PERFORMANCE RELATED MATERIAL SPECIFICATION INSTALLATION RELATED Product Structaset 401 is a heavy duty Epoxy Acrylate for anchoring threaded studs and reinforcing bar into cracked and uncracked concrete. Benefits, Advantages and Features Certified Performance European Technical Approval 001 Part 5-option 1 50 year design life Fire rated Greater productivity: Easy dispensing even in cold weather Fast 50 minute cure time Greater security: Strong bond Rated for sustained loading Versatile: Anchors in carbide drilled and diamond drilled holes Cold and temperate climates Greater Safety: Low odour styrene free Suitable for contact with drinking water AS/NZS 4020 VOC Compliant Australian Made Installation HCR DESIGN LIFE Principal Applications Threaded Studs Starter Bars Hollow Masonry Sleeves Threaded Insertss Over-head installation Steel Columns Hand rails Road Stitching Recommended Installation Temperatures Minimum Maximum Substrate 0 C 40 C Adhesive 5 C 40 C Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs Service Temperature Limits -40 C to 80 C Setting Times Drill recommended diameter and depth hole. 2. Important: Use Ramset Dustless Drilling System to ensure holes are clean. Clean dust and debris from hole with stiff wire or nylon brush and blower in the following sequence: blow x 4, brush x 3, blow x 4, brush x 3, blow x Insert mixing nozzle to bottom of hole. Fill hole to 3/4 the hole depth slowly, ensuring no air pockets form. 4. Insert Ramset ChemSet Anchor Stud/rebar to bottom of hole while turning. 5. Allow Structaset 401 to cure as per setting times. 6. Attach fixture. Substrate Temperature 40 C 30 C 25 C 20 C 10 C 5 C Gel Time (mins) 401 Loading Time (mins) Note: Cartridge temperature minimum 5 C RAMSET

19 StructaSet 401 CRACKED CONCRETE - CHEMICAL INJECTION Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs Installation and performance details: Structaset 401 and ChemSet Anchor Studs Anchor size, d b Drilled hole diam., d h Fixture hole diameter, d f Anchor effective depth, h Tightening torque, T r (Nm) Anchor spacing, a c Optimum dimensions* Edge distance, e c Concrete substrate thickness, b m M M M M M * Note: For shear loads acting towards an edge or where these optimum dimensions are not achievable, please use the simplified strength limit state design process to verify capacity. Anchor size, d b Reduced Characteristic Capacity Grade 5.8 Steel Studs Grade 8.8 Steel Studs ANSI 316 Stainless Steel Studs Cracked Concrete Shear, V Rd,s (kn) Tension, N Rd,s (kn)*** Shear, V Rd,s (kn) Tension, N Rd,s (kn)*** Shear, V Rd,s (kn) Tension, N Rd,s (kn)*** Tension, N 0 Rd,p (kn)** Concrete Compressive Strength, f' c 20 MPa 30 MPa 40 MPa M M M M M * Note: For shear loads acting towards an edge or where these optimum dimensions are not achievable, please use the simplified strength limit state design process to verify capacity. **Note: Cracked concrete combined pull-out and concrete conce resistance, tension = N 0 Rd,p = N Rk,p/ Msp where Msp = 1.8 ***Note: Cracked Concrete steel resistance, tension = N Rd,s = N Rk,s / Ms where Ms = 1.5 (Grade 5.8 & 8.8 steel), Ms = 1.87 (A4 316 SS) and Ms = 2.60 (HCR stainless steel) 45.2 DESCRIPTION AND PART NUMBERS Description Cartridge Size Part No. Structaset ml S401C Structaset ml S401J 45.3 ENGINEERING PROPERTIES ChemSet Anchor Studs and Threaded Rod Anchor Grade 8.8 Threaded Rod Stainless Steel High Corrosion Resistance Size, d b HCR Grade / Threaded Rod Shank diameter, d s Stressed Area (mm 2 ) Yield Strength f y MPa UTS f u MPa Shank diameter, d s Stressed Area (mm 2 ) Yield Strength f y MPa UTS f u MPa Section modulus Z (mm 2 ) M M M M M Refer to "Engineering Properties" for ChemSet Anchor Studs Grade 5.8 and AISI 316 Stainless Steel on page RAMSET

20 45.4 StructaSet 401 STRENGTH LIMIT STATE STEP 1 Design tensile action effect, N* (kn) Select anchor to be evaluated Table 1a Indicative combined loading interaction diagram M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Design shear action effect, V* (kn) Notes: ~ Shear limited by Grade 5.8 steel capacity. ~ Tension limited by combined pull-out and concrete cone reistance using nominal depths. ~ No edge or spacing effects. ~ f' c = 20 MPa Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs Table 1b Absolute minimum edge distance and anchor spacing values, e m and a m Anchor size, d b M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Min. Anchor Spacing - a m Min. Edge Distance - e m Step 1c Calculate anchor effective depth, h Refer to Description and Part Numbers table for ChemSet Anchor Studs page 43. Effective depth, h Preferred h = h n otherwise, h = L e - t Substrate thickness, bm b m = greater of: 1.25 x h, h + (2 x d h ) h 8 * d b t = total thickness of material(s) being fastened. 1 Anchor size determined, absolute minima compliance achieved, effective depth (h) calculated RAMSET

21 45.4 StructaSet 401 STRENGTH LIMIT STATE Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs STEP 2 Verify concrete tensile capacity - per anchor Table 2a - Cracked Concrete combined pull-out and concrete cone resistance, N 0 Rd,p = N 0 Rk,p/y Msp (kn) y Msp = 1.8, f'c = 20 MPa Anchor Size, d b M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Drilled Hole Dia, d h Effective Depth, h Bold values are at Chemset Anchor Stud nominal Depths Note: Effective depth, h must be 8 x anchor size, d b for anchor to achieve tabled shear capacities. WET HOLES: Multiply ØN uc * 0.86 For capacity in Non-cracked concrete, refer to page Table 2b Concrete compressive strength effect, tension, X nc f c (MPa) X nc RAMSET

22 45.4 StructaSet 401 STRENGTH LIMIT STATE e X ne = *(e/h) Where e m e e c e c = 1*h Note: Tabled values are based on the nominal effective depth, h shown in the installation details. For other values of X ne, please use equation shown above. a X na = a/(4*h) Where a m a a c a c = 2*h Note: Tabled values are based on the nominal effective depth, h shown in the installation details. For other values X na, please use equation shown above. N N 2 STEP 3 Table 2c - Cracked concrete Edge distance effect, tension, X ne Anchor size, d b M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Edge distance, e Table 2d - Cracked concrete anchor spacing effect, tension, X na Anchor size, d b M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Anchor spacing, a Design cracked concrete combined pull-out and concrete cone resistance, N Rd,c N Rd,p = N 0 Rd,p * X ns * X nc * X ne * X na Verify cracked concrete tensile resistance - per anchor Table 3a - Cracked Concrete steel resistance, tension, N Rd,s = N Rk,s / Ms (kn) Ms = 1.5 for Grade 5.8 and Grade 8.8 Carbon Steel Ms = 1.87 for M8 to M24 A4 316 Stainless Steel Ms = 2.6 for HCR Stainless Steel Anchor size, d b M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Grade 5.8 Carbon Steel Grade 8.8 Carbon Steel A4 316 Stainless Steel HCR Stainless Steel Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs 3 Design cracked concrete tensile resistance, N Rd N Rd = minimum of N Rd,p, N Rd,s Check N*/N Rd 1, if not satisfied return to step RAMSET

23 45.4 StructaSet 401 STRENGTH LIMIT STATE Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs V STEP 4 Load direction effect, conc. edge shear, X vd Verify cracked concrete edge shear resistance - per anchor Table 4a - Cracked concrete edge resistance, shear, V 0 Rd,c = V 0 Rk,c / Mc (kn) Mc = 1.5, f' c = 20 MPa Anchor size, d b M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Effective depth, h Edge distance, e m For capacity in Non-cracked concrete, refer to pages Table 4b - Cracked concrete compressive strength effect, shear, X vc f' c (MPa) X vc Table 4c - Cracked concrete load direction effect, concrete edge shear, X vd Angle, X vd Table 4d - Cracked concrete anchor spacing and edge distance effect, concrete edge shear, X ve For single anchor fastening X ve e/e m X ve b a >1,5. e V X ve = e/e m * e/e m a b a >1,5.e X ve = 3*e+a * e/e m 6*e m For 2 anchors fastening X ve e/e m a/e m a 1 a 2 a 3 For 3 anchors fastening and more a n-1 V X ve = 3*e + a 1 +a 2 +a 3 + +a n-1 3*n*e m * e/e m b a >1,5.e RAMSET

24 45.4 StructaSet 401 STRENGTH LIMIT STATE e 1 Concrete edges Shear Force e 2 ANCHOR AT A CORNER Failure wedge Table 4e - Cracked concrete Pryout failure, V 0 Rd,cp = V Rk,cp / Mpr (kn) Mpr = 1.5, f' c = 20 MPa Anchor size, d b M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Effective depth, h C to +80 C Table 4f Anchor at a corner effect, concrete edge shear, X vs Note: For e 1 /e 2 > 1.25, X vs = 1.0 Edge distance, e Edge dustance, e Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs 4a Design cracked concrete edge shear resistance, V Rd,c V Rd,c = V 0 Rd,c * X vc * X vd * X ve * X vs 4b Design cracked concrete Pryout failure, V Rd,cp V Rd,cp = V 0 Rd,cp * X nc * X ne * X na STEP 5 Verify cracked concrete shear resistance - per anchor Table 5a - Cracked concrete steel shear resistance, V Rd,s = V Rk,s / Ms (kn) Ms = 1.25 for Grade 5.8 and Grade 8.8 Carbon Steel Ms = 1.56 for M8 to M24 A4 316 Stainless Steel Ms = 2.17 for HCR Stainless Steel Anchor size, d b M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Grade 5.8 Carbon Steel Grade 8.8 Carbon Steel A4 316 Stainless Steel HCR Stainless Steel Design cracked concrete shear resistance, V Rd V Rd = minimum of V Rd,c, V Rd,cp,V Rd,s Check V*/V Rd 1, if not satisfied return to step RAMSET

25 45.4 StructaSet 401 STRENGTH LIMIT STATE Cracked Concrete - Anchor Studs STEP 6 6 Combined Loading Check N*/N Rd + V*/V Rd 1.2, if not satisfied return to step 1 Specifiy - Threaded Stud Anchors Ramset StructaSet 401 with (Anchor Size) grade 5.8 Chemset Anchor Stud (Anchor Stud Part Number) Drilled Hole Depth to be (h) mm. Tension - Sustained Loading NON-CRACKED CONCRETE Concrete Strength f' c = 20 MPa - (-40 C to +40 C) Example Ramset StructaSet 401 Injection with M16 grade 5.8 Chemset Anchor Stud (CS16190GH). Drilled hole depth to be 125mm. To be installed according to Ramset Technical Data Sheet. Anchor Size (d b ) M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Tension load in Non- Cracked Concrete (kn) Displacement N0 (short term) N (long term) CRACKED CONCRETE Concrete Strength f' c = 20 MPa (-40 C to +80 C) Anchor Size (d b ) M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Tension load in Cracked Concrete (kn) Displacement N0 (short term) N (long term) Note: Above tables are based on the nominal effective depth, h shown in the installation tables within. For all other values of effective depth, h, please contact your local Ramset Engineer. Shear - Sustained Loading NON-CRACKED CONCRETE Concrete Strength f' c = 20 MPa (-40 C to +80 C) Anchor Size (d b ) M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 Shear load in Non- Cracked Concrete (kn) Displacement N0 (short term) N (long term) Note: Displacement short term = V0 x V Sd (Shear Design Load in Cracked Concrete) Displacement long term = V x V Sd (Shear Design Load in Cracked Concrete) RAMSET

26 46.1 SpaTec Plus CRACKED CONCRETE - SAFETY ANCHORS 46.1 GENERAL INFORMATION Product A high security, high performance, through fixing, torque controlled expansion anchor which has approval for use in cracked and noncracked concrete. Benefits, Advantages and Features European Technical Approval (option1) ETA-10/0276: Tested for Category 1 seismic performance in accordance with ETAG001 Annex E ( Category 2 pending ) CISMA Report Anchors exposed to seismic actions NTC022 Highest level of European approval for mechanical expansion anchors Approved for all directions (floor, wall, overhead) Shallow embedment depths Highest performance in cracked concrete Zinc Plated to 5μm Anchor diameters from M6 to M20 Suitable for structural loads: Safety critical loads High tensile capacity of Grade 8.8 Steel Bolt. Heavy duty, heat treated washer. Heavy duty, thick expansion sleeve that provides secure grip to concrete. Improved security: Large expansion reserve that ensures retention in concrete if overloaded. Torque induced pull down closes gaps and induces preload. Resistant to cyclic loading: Heavy duty sleeve with integrated pull-down section works to retain 65% of initial preload. Fast installation: Hex Nut & Hex Bolt versions available Countersunk heads available. Through fixing eliminates marking out and repositioning of fixtures. Fire rated: Refer Fire rated mechanical anchor section. Installation PERFORMANCE RELATED MATERIAL INSTALLATION RELATED Hex Head Hex Nut - Threaded Rod C/Sunk Head ETA Principal ip Applications Anchoring into cracked & non cracked concrete e Safety critical loads Steel columns & walkways Road barrier hold down Bridge refurbishment Road & Rail tunnel construction Wall Plates Safety Rails Intended working life of the anchor of 50 years L e L e L e d b d b d b Cracked Concrete - Mechanical Anchoring Drill or core a hole to the recommended diameter and depth using the fixture as a template. Clean the hole thoroughly with a hole cleaning brush. Remove the debris with a hand pump, compressed air, or vacuum. 2. After ensuring that the anchor is assembled correctly, insert the anchor through the fixture and drive with a hammer until the washer contacts the fixture. 3. Tighten the bolt with a torque wrench to the specified assembly torque RAMSET

27 SpaTec Plus CRACKED CONCRETE - SAFETY ANCHORS Cracked Concrete - Mechanical Anchoring Installation and performance details Anchor size, d b Drilled hole diameter, d h Fixture hole diameter, d f Anchor effective depth, h Depth of drill hole, h 1 Tightening torque, T r (Nm) Concrete substrate thickness, b m Reduced Characteristic Capacity Cracked Concrete Tension, N 0 Rd,c (kn) ** Concrete Compressive Strength, f' c 20 MPa 30 MPa 40 MPa M M M M M M DESCRIPTION AND PART NUMBERS Anchor size, d b Drilled hole diameter, d h M6 10 M8 12 M10 15 M12 18 M16 24 M20 28 * Lead times apply Effective Length, L e Fixture thickness, t ETA Designation Number Zinc (Hex Hd) Part Number Zinc (C/Sunk Hd) Zinc (Hex Nut -Thr d Rod) 55 5 V6-10/ * V6-10/ * E6-10/ * V8-12/ * TF8-12/ * E8-12/ * V10-15/20 SP TF10-15/27 - SP10105F E10-15/ * V12-18/10 SP V12-18/25 SP E12-18/ * V16-24/25 SP E16-24/ * E16-24/ * V20-28/25 SP E20-28/ * E20-28/ * 46.3 ENGINEERING PROPERTIES - Carbon Steel Anchor size, d b Shank diameter, d s Bolt stress area, A s (mm2) Bolt yield strength, f y (MPa) Bolt UTS, f u (MPa) Spacer area, A s (mm2) Spacer yield strength, f y (MPa) Spacer UTS, f u (MPa) Section modulus Z (mm 2 ) M M M M M M RAMSET

28 46.4 SpaTec Plus STEP 1 Design tensile action effect, N* (kn) Select anchor to be evaluated Table 1a - Indicative combined loading - interaction diagram Tension Notes: Notes: - Shear ~ Shear Limited limited by Hex by Grade Head 5.8 or C/sunk steel capacity. Head steel ~ Tension resistance limited by concrete capacity - Tension using limited nominal by depths. concrete pull through or concrete ~ No edge cone or spacing resistance effects. - No edge ~ f' c = 32 or spacing MPa effects M20 M16 M12 M10 M8 Cracked Concrete - Mechanical Anchoring 0 M Design shear action effect, V* (kn) Table 1b Absolute minimum edge distance and anchor spacing values, e m and a m Anchor size, d b M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Effective depth, h Min. Anchor spacing - a m For - e m Min. Edge Distance - e m For - a m Step 1c Calculate anchor effective depth, h Refer to Description and Part Numbers table on page 284. Effective depth, h h = L e - t t = total thickness of material(s) being fixed 1 Anchor size determined, absolute minimum compliance achieved, effective depth (h) calculated RAMSET

29 46.4 SpaTec Plus Cracked Concrete - Mechanical Anchoring STEP 2 e X ne = *(e/h) Where e m e e c e c = 1.5*h Note: Tabled values are based on the nominal effective depth, h shown in the installation details. For other values of X ne, please use equation shown above. N N Verify cracked concrete cone tensile resistance - per anchor Table 2a - Cracked concrete cone resistance, tension, N 0 Rd,c = N Rk,c / Mc (kn) Mc = 1.5, f' c = 20 MPa Anchor size, d b M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Drill hole dia, d h Effective depth, h NOTE: For capacity in Non-cracked concrete, refer to pages Table 2b - Cracked concrete compressive strength effect, tension, X nc f' c (MPa) X nc Table 2c - Cracked concrete Edge distance effect, tension, X ne Anchor size, d b M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Edge distance, e a X na = a/(6*h) Where a m a a c a c = 3*h Note: Tabled values are based on the nominal effective depth, h shown in the installation details. For other values X na, please use equation shown above. Table 2d - Cracked concrete anchor spacing effect, tension, X na Anchor size, d b M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Anchor spacing, a Design cracked concrete cone resistance, N Rd,c N Rd,c = N 0 Rd,c * X nc * X ne * X na RAMSET

30 46.4 SpaTec Plus STEP 3 3a Verify cracked concrete tensile resistance tension - per anchor Table 3a - Cracked Concrete steel resistance, tension, N Rd,s = N Rk,s / Ms (kn), Ms = 1.5 Anchor size, d b M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Carbon Steel Table 3b - Cracked concrete Pull-through resistance**, N 0 Rd,p = N Rk,p / Mp (kn) Mp = 1.5, f' c = 20 MPa Anchor size, d b M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Drill hole dia, d h Effective depth, h * 100 -* 125 -* * Not decisive failure mode for cracked concrete. For seismic N 0 = 17.1kN for M12 and Rd,p N0 = 24.1kN for M16 Rd,p ** Cracked concrete Pull-through resistance is not influenced by reduced anchor spacing or edge distance. Design cracked concrete pull-through resistance, N Rd,p N Rd,p = N 0 Rd,p * X nc Cracked Concrete - Mechanical Anchoring 3b Design cracked concrete tensile resistance, N Rd N Rd = minimum of N Rd,c, N Rd,p, N Rd,s Check N*/N Rd 1, if not satisfied return to step 1 Tensile performance conversion table Performance Required Cracked Concrete/ Tension Zone Seismic Notation N Rd,c N Rd,c,sis Concrete Tensile Performance Concrete Tension Capacity MULTIPLY N Rd,c x 1.00 MULTIPLY N Rd,c x 0.75* Pull-through Tensile Performance Notation N Rd,p N Rd,p,sis Pull-through Tension Capacity MULTIPLY N Rd,p x 1.00 MULTIPLY N Rd,p x 0.85 Steel Tensile Performance Notation N Rd,s N Rd,s,sis Carbon Steel Tension Capacity MULTIPLY N Rd,s x 1.00 MULTIPLY N Rd,s x 1.00** *NOTE: For M20 only N Rd,c,sis = N Rd,c, x 0.81 **NOTE: For M20 only N Rd,s,sis = N Rd,s, x 0.75 Note 1: Above table is only for sizes M10,M12,M16 and M20. Note 2: Single anchor design as follows N Rd,c,sis = N Rd,c x 0.85 (for M10,M12 & M16) N Rd,c,sis = N Rd,c x 0.81 (for M20 only) N Rd,p,sis = N Rd,p x 1.00 Design seismic cracked tensile resistance, N Rd,sis N Rd,sis = min. of N Rd,c,sis, N Rd,s,sis & N Rd,p,sis Check N*/N Rd,sis 1 If not satisfied return to step RAMSET

31 46.4 SpaTec Plus Cracked Concrete - Mechanical Anchoring STEP 4 Load direction effect, conc. edge shear, X vd Verify cracked concrete edge shear resistance - per anchor Table 4a - Cracked concrete edge resistance, shear, V 0 Rd,c = V Rk,c / Mc (kn) Mc = 1.5, f c = 20 MPa Anchor size, d b M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 min. edge distance, e m min. anchor spacing, a m Effective depth, h NOTE: For capacity in Non-cracked concrete, refer to pages Table 4b - Cracked concrete compressive strength effect, shear, X vc f c (MPa) X vc Table 4c - Cracked concrete load direction effect, concrete edge shear, X vd Angle, X vd V b a >1,5. e X ve = e/e m * e/e m Table 4d - Cracked concrete anchor spacing and edge distance effect, concrete edge shear, X ve For single anchor fastening X ve e/e m X ve V a b a >1,5.e X ve = 3*e+a * e/e m 6*e m For 2 anchors fastening X ve e/e m a/e m a 1 a 2 a 3 For 3 anchors fastening and more X ve a n-1 V b a >1,5.e X ve = 3*e + a 1 +a 2 +a 3 + +a n-1 3*n*e m * e/e m RAMSET

32 46.4 SpaTec Plus e 1 Concrete edges Shear Force e 2 ANCHOR AT A CORNER Failure wedge Table 4e - Cracked concrete Pryout failure, V 0 Rd,cp = V Rk,cp / Mpr (kn) Mpr = 1.5, f c = 20 Mpa Anchor size, d b M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Effective depth, h Table 4f Anchor at a corner effect, concrete edge shear, X vs Note: For e 1 /e 2 > 1.25, X vs = 1.0 Edge distance, e Edge distance, e Cracked Concrete - Mechanical Anchoring 4a Design cracked concrete edge shear resistance, V Rd,c V Rd,c = V 0 Rd,c * X vc * X vd * X ve * X vs 4b Design cracked concrete Pryout failure, V Rd,cp V Rd,cp = V 0 Rd,cp * X vc * X vd * X ne *X na STEP 5 5 Verify cracked concrete shear resistance - per anchor Table 5a - Cracked concrete steel shear resistance, V Rd,s = V Rk,s / Ms (kn), Ms = 1.25 Anchor size, d b M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Carbon Steel - Hex Head and C/Sunk Head Carbon Steel - Hex Nut and Gr 8.8 Threaded Rod Design cracked concrete shear resistance, V Rd V Rd = minimum of V Rd,c, V Rd,cp, V Rd,s Check V*/V Rd 1, if not satisfied return to step RAMSET

33 46.4 SpaTec Plus Cracked Concrete - Mechanical Anchoring Shear performance conversion table Performance Required Cracked Concrete/Tension Zone Seismic STEP 6 6 Concrete Shear Performance Notation Concrete Shear Capacity V Rd,c MULTIPLY V Rd,c x 1.00 V Rd,c,sis MULTIPLY V Rd,c x Vc # # For M10, M12 & M16 - Vc = 0.85 (single anchor Vc = 1.00) and for M20 - Vc = 0.32 * For M10, M12 & M16 - Cp = 0.75 (single anchor Cp = 0.85) and for M20 - Cp = 0.81 Design seismic cracked shear resistance, V Rd,sis = min. of V Rd,c,sis, V Rd,cp,sis & V Rd,s,sis Combined loading and specification Check N*/N Rd + V*/V Rd 1.2, if not satisfied return to step 1 Tension - Sustained Loading - Cracked Concrete Concrete Strength f c = 20 MPa Anchor Size (d b) M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Tension load in Cracked Concrete (kn) Displacement N0 (short term) N (long term) Concrete Strength f c = 50 MPa Anchor Size (d b) M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Tension load in Cracked Concrete (kn) Displacement N0 (short term) N (long term) Shear - Sustained Loading - Cracked Concrete Hex Head and C/sunk Head in Concrete Strength f c = 20 MPa to 50 MPa Anchor Size (d b) M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Shear load in Cracked Concrete (kn) Displacement N0 (short term) N (long term) 6.0 (+1.5) 9.0 (+1.5) 6.4 (+1.5) 9.7 (+1.5) 6.9 (+1.5) 10.4 (+1.5) 7.4 (+1.5) 11.0 (+1.5) 8.3 (+2.0) 12.4 (+2.0) 9.4 (+2.0) 14.1 (+2.0) Hex Nut and Gr. 8.8 Threaded Rod in Concrete Strength f c = 20 MPa to 50 MPa Anchor Size (d b) M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 Shear load in Cracked Concrete (kn) Displacement Specify Ramset SpaTec Plus Anchor, (Anchor Size) (Part Number) Maximum fixed thickness to be (t) mm. N0 (short term) N (long term) Pryout Failure Performance Notation Pryout Failure Shear Capacity V Rd,cp MULTIPLY V Rd,cp x 1.00 V Rd,cp,sis MULTIPLY V Rd,cp x Cp * 4.5 (+1.5) 6.7 (+1.5) Ramset SpaTec Plus Anchor, M12 (SP12120). Maximum fixed thickness to be 8 mm. To be installed in accordance with Ramset Technical Data Sheet. 4.8 (+1.5) 7.1 (+1.5) 5.0 (+1.5) 7.5 (+1.5) Steel Shear Performance Notation Carbon Steel Tension Capacity V Rd,s MULTIPLY V Rd,s x 1.00 V Rd,s,sis MULTIPLY V Rd,s x V,sis ** Anchor size, d b M10 M12 M16 M20 **Hex Head - V,sis **Hex Nut & Thr'd Rod - V,sis Check V*/V Rd,sis 1.0 For Seismic SpaTec only N*/N Rd,sis + V*/V Rd,sis 1.0 Example 5.3 (+1.5) 7.9 (+1.5) 5.8 (+2.0) 8.8 (+2.0) 6.5 (+2.0) 9.8 (+2.0) Note: Displacement the tables above show the deformation to be expected from the anchor itself whilst the bracketed value indicates the additional movement between the anchor body and the hole in the fixture RAMSET

34 47.1 TruBolt A4 316 SS CRACKED CONCRETE - STUD ANCHOR 47.1 GENERAL INFORMATION PERFORMANCE RELATED MATERIAL INSTALLATION RELATED Product A Heavy duty, torque controlled expansion anchor, made of stainless steel for use in Cracked and Non-Cracked concrete. Benefits, Advantages and Features European Technical Approval (option1) ETA-04/0010 (FIX Z A4): Highest level of European approval for mechanical expansion anchors Approved for all directions (floor, wall, overhead) Maximum Tensile & Shear load in cracked concrete A4 (AISI 316) Stainless Steel Anchor diameters M8 to M16 Suitable for structural loads: True to size through fixture anchor A4-80 Stainless Steel Hexagonal Nut Improved security: Torque induced pull down closes gaps and induces preload. Resistant to cyclic loading: Heavy duty sleeve with pull-down of fixture Anti rotation expansion sleeve Fast installation: Anchor diameter equals hole diameter Shallow embedment depths Through fixing eliminates marking out and repositioning of fixtures. ETA Principal Applications Anchoring into cracked & non cracked concrete Structural Steel columns & beams Road barrier hold down Bridge refurbishment Road & Rail tunnel construction Wall Plates Safety barriers Stadium seating Pallet racking Shallow embedment depths from 50mm m Long working life L e d b Cracked Concrete - Mechanical Anchoring Fire rated: Refer Fire rated mechanical anchor section for details. Installation Drill or core a hole to the recommended diameter (same as the TruBolt A4 316 SS) and depth using the fixture as a template. Clean the hole thoroughly with a hole cleaning brush. Remove the debris with a hand pump, compressed air, or vacuum. 2. Insert the anchor through the fixture and drive with a hammer until the washer contacts the fixture. 3. Tighten the nut with a torque wrench to the specified assembly torque RAMSET