Bumpers from Advanced High Strength Steel A safe, light and cost-effective solution

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1 The MonoLeg Bumper Beam design from Shape Corp. meets safety regulations while giving automotive OEMs an additional lightweighting opportunity for meeting CAFE standards. Bumpers from Advanced High Strength Steel A safe, light and cost-effective solution

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3 SSAB SSAB is a pioneer within the field of Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) and works closely with automotive OEMs and Tier suppliers across the entire world. All cold rolled steel supplied to companies in the automotive segment comes from the same mill, located in Sweden. This ensures the highest quality and consistency in every coil we produce. A wide range of SSAB AHSS grades are available for testing and prototype development. SHAPE CORP. Safe cars that perform well and have a low impact on the environment this is what end consumers want and what the automotive industry is racing to produce. Shape Corp., a leading automotive supplier in the arena of impact energy management. Has been using Docol AHSS in their Power B-Section bumper for many years. It allows for thinner gauges of steel and reduced steel consumption by up to 20 percent. The company is now launching an exciting new design for bumpers that will enable even further weight reduction. Read about it here!

4 CASE BUMPER Impact regulations and the need for better fuel economy conflict with cost reduction objectives, forcing automakers and suppliers to develop creative solutions. Shape s MonoLeg bumper offers the performance and mass of an aluminum bumper, with the cost advantage of a steel solution. Designed to perform Updates to the IIHS and RCAR bumper test protocols include impacting beams into barriers that more realistically mimic another vehicle bumper. Shape designed a geometry that counteracts both the torsion and bending demands of the IIHS and RCAR bumper test protocols. Blending the strength of Shape s Power- B bumper with the torsion strength of tubular sections, the MonoLeg improves torsion strength by 50% to combat the combined loading effect of these impacts. Engineered to be lightweight By taking advantage of the high mechanical properties of Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) and applying them to an optimal geometric design, the MonoLeg aids in achieving fuel economy demands, including CAFE standards. A reduction in mass from a conventional steel bumper is achieved by roll forming the Shape Mono- Leg bumper from AHSS, up to 1 700MPa. The characteristics of the Shape Mono- Leg bumper can match those of 7000 aluminum alloys. Balanced results This makes the Shape MonoLeg a key product for OEM s trying to balance mass reductions to meet CAFE, achieve the performance to meet impact regulations, and maintain a reasonable price point.

5 The MonoLeg s closed tubular structure improves torsion stiffness, while the center leg improves bending and buckling resistance. 10 km/h IIHS Centerline Barrier, 50 mm Overlap Vehicle mass = kg AL 7003 MonoLeg 1700MPa AL 7003 MonoLeg 1700MPa Load (kn) Back of Beam Displacement (mm) System Displacement (mm) Time (ms) Force deflection curves from IIHS bumper barrier impacts demonstrate the effectiveness of the MonoLeg vs. traditional lightweight technologies such as 7000 series aluminum.

6 Advantages of Docol AHSS When choosing bumper materials, the question of strength to weight ratio versus cost is all-important. Using Docol AHSS in automotive bumpers will not only reduce vehicle weight while maintaining crash test performance, it will also save you money. Docol AHSS exhibits a pronounced yield strength increase of about 150 MPa or more, after work-hardening and bakehardening. In addition, Docol AHSS exhibits a strain rate hardening effect. This effect corresponds to an increase of about 100 MPa at the high strain rates that are involved locally in a crash event. These advantages make Docol AHSS the optimal choice in the production of bumpers. When combining weight, strength and cost reduction, it is hard to find a better option than Docol AHSS. Cost savings with Docol AHSS: Less material used compared to hot stamped boron steel and aluminum thinner steel, same strength. Cost effective production. More affordable compared to aluminum or hot stamped boron steel. 100% recyclable. Docol AHSS can be adapted to the standards of car manufacturers by request. The table below shows Docol AHSS steel grades. All steel grades required to meet the specifications of a specific car manufacturer need to be evaluated case by case. Type of steel Hot-Rolled Steels Cold-Rolled Steels Hot-dip galvanized steels Electro Galvanized Steels Micro-alloyed steels Domex 700 MC Dogal H 700 LAD 1 Dual Phase steels Docol 800 DP Docol 980 DP Docol 1000 DP Dogal 1000 DPX Docol 1000 DPZE Docol 1180 DP 2 Docol 1180 DPZE 2 Complex Phase steels Domex 800 CP 2 Domex 800 CPZE 2 Martensitic steels Docol 900 M Docol 900 MZE Docol 1100 M Docol 1200 M Docol 1200 MZE Docol 1300 M Docol 1300 MZE Docol 1400 M Docol 1400 MZE Docol 1500 M 2 Docol 1500 MZE 3 Docol 1700 M 2 Special steels Docol Roll 1000 Dogal Roll 1000 Docol 1000 LCE Docol 1000 LCEZE 1. HLAD=hot-rolled substrate. 2. Available by request. 3. Under development. Dimension range Thickness: Docol mm Max width: Docol 1500 mm Dogal mm (some Dogal grades up to 2,50 mm) Dogal 1500 mm Domex mm Domex 1600 mm

7 Meet new regulations and demands New regulations concerning crash test safety are continually emerging in the automotive industry. Designs incorporating Docol AHSS are meeting new testing protocols that require higher bending strength characteristics. Docol AHSS offers excellent welda bility with all common methods to other types of steel. Avaliable in a wide range of strengths and sizes Can be formed in one or several steps. Can be welded with all common methods. Can be welded with all other steels. Pronounced work-hardening and bake-hardening when formed and painted. Withstands severe deformation with out cracking. Withstands higher stresses at a high deformation speed. Enough residual plasticity after forming. Manufactured to OEM specifications. Available in a wide range of strengths. Around the globe, Docol Advanced High Strength Steel is becoming the material of choice for bumpers and more companies are making the switch. True stress (MPa) Contour Plot S-Global-Stress component (vanmises, Max) Global System Advanced Average No result Observed stress 0,0001 0, ,1 0,2 Automotive collisions can involve strain rates of 500 s -1 or greater. AHSS can boost strength by 100 MPa or more. Three point bending simulation of a bumper beam in Docol AHSS.

8 SSAB is a Nordic and US-based steel company. SSAB offers value added products and services developed in close cooperation with its customers to create a stronger, lighter and more sustainable world. SSAB has employees in over 50 countries. SSAB has production facilities in Sweden, Finland and the US. SSAB is listed on the NASDAQ OMX Nordic Exchange in Stockholm and has a secondary listing on the NASDAQ OMX in Helsinki en-Bumpers from Advanced High Strength Steel A safe, light and cost-effective solution-v Confetti. Henningssons. SSAB SE Borlänge Sweden T F automotive@ssab.com